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Exp 2 Series DC Circuits

This document describes an experiment on series DC circuits. The objectives are to examine basic series circuits and investigate Kirchhoff's Voltage Law and the voltage divider rule. The experiment uses resistors in series circuits with a DC power supply. Students are instructed to measure currents and voltages theoretically and experimentally in the circuits and record the results, then answer questions about applying Ohm's law and KVL to additional circuit configurations.

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114 views

Exp 2 Series DC Circuits

This document describes an experiment on series DC circuits. The objectives are to examine basic series circuits and investigate Kirchhoff's Voltage Law and the voltage divider rule. The experiment uses resistors in series circuits with a DC power supply. Students are instructed to measure currents and voltages theoretically and experimentally in the circuits and record the results, then answer questions about applying Ohm's law and KVL to additional circuit configurations.

Uploaded by

maskrasheed777
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exp. NO.

(2) Electrical Circuit 1


Lab.

Experiment NO.2
Series DC Circuits
Objective
The focus of this exercise is an examination of basic series DC circuits with resistors.
A key element is Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law which states that the sum of voltage rises around a
loop must equal the sum of the voltage drops. The voltage divider rule will also be
investigated.
Theory Overview
A series circuit is defined by a single loop in which all components are arranged in
daisy-chain fashion. The current is the same at all points in the loop and may be found by
dividing the total voltage source by the total resistance. The voltage drops across any resistor
may then be found by multiplying that current by the resistor value. Consequently, the
voltage drops in a series circuit are directly proportional to the resistance. An alternate
technique to find the voltage is the voltage divider rule. This states that the voltage across any
resistor (or combination of resistors) is equal to the total voltage source times the ratio of the
resistance of interest to the total resistance.
Equipment
1) Adjustable DC Power Supply.
2) Digital Multimeter.
3) 1 kΩ resistor.
4) 2.2 kΩ resistor
5) 3.3 kΩ resistor
6) 6.8 kΩ resistor.

Procedure
1. Using the circuit of Figure 2.1 with R 1 = 1 k, R2 = 2.2 k, R3 = 3.3 k, and E = 10 V,
determine the theoretical current and record it in Table 2.1. Construct the circuit. Set the
DMM to read DC current and insert it in the circuit at point A. Remember, ammeters go
in-line and require the circuit to be opened for proper measurement. The red lead should
be placed closer to the positive source terminal. Record this current in Table 2.1. Repeat
the current measurements at points B and C.
Exp. NO. (2) Electrical Circuit 1
Lab.

Figure 2.1

Data Table 2.1

I Theory I Point A I Point B I Point C

2. Using the theoretical current found in Step 1, apply Ohm’s law to determine the expected
voltage drops across R1, R2, and R3. Record these values in the Theory column of Table
2.2.
3. Set the DMM to measure DC voltage. Remember, unlike current, voltage is measured
across components. Place the DMM probes across R 1 and measure its voltage. Again, red
lead should be placed closer to the positive source terminal. Record this value in Table
2.2. Repeat this process for the voltages across R 2 and R3. Determine the percent
deviation between theoretical and measured for each of the three resistor voltages and
record these in the final column of Table 2.2.
Data Table 2.2

Voltage Theory Measured Deviation


R1
R2
R3

4. Consider the circuit of Figure 2.2 with R 1 = 1 k, R2 = 2.2 k, R3 = 3.3 k, R4 = 6.8 k and E =
20 V. Using the voltage divider rule, determine the voltage drops across each of the four
resistors and record the values in Table 2.3 under the Theory column. Note that the larger
the resistor, the greater the voltage should be. Also determine the potentials V AC and VB,
again using the voltage divider rule.
Exp. NO. (2) Electrical Circuit 1
Lab.

Figure 2.2

5. Set the DMM to measure DC voltage. Place the DMM probes across R 1 and measure its
voltage. Also, record this value in Table 2.3 and determine the deviation. Repeat this
process for the remaining three resistors. (To find VAC, place the red probe on point A and
the black probe on point C. Similarly, to find V B, place the red probe on point B and the
black probe on ground).
Data Table 2.3

Voltage Theory Measured Deviation


R1
R2
R3
R4
VAC
VB

Discussion
1. For the circuit of Figure 2.1, what is the expected current measurement at point D?
2. For the circuit of Figure 2.2, what are the expected current and voltage measurements
at point D?
3. In Figure 2.2, R4 is approximately twice the size of R 3 and about three times the size
of R2. Would the voltages exhibit the same ratios? Why/why not? What about the
currents through the resistors?
4. If a 5th resistor of 10 kΩ was added below R4 in Figure 2.2, how would this alter VAC
and VB? Show work.
5. Is KVL satisfied in Tables 2.2 and 2.3
Exp. NO. (2) Electrical Circuit 1
Lab.

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