YOUR RESEARCH TITLE

A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty
of Sta. Catalina Integrated National High School
Majayjay, Laguna

In Partial Fulfillment
of the requirements for the
Research Subject in
Grade 12

JUAN T. DELA CRUZ

PEDRO A. PENDUKO

June 2023

1
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education

Office of the Principal

APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis entitled RESEARCH TITLE prepared and submitted by
RESEARCHERS’ NAME in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 are hereby recommended for approval and
acceptance.

JUANA T. DELA CRUZ

Research Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved and accepted by the committee on Examination with a grade

of ____ held on February 24, 2023.

______________________ ____________________
Member Member

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 1 at Sta. Catalina Integrated National High School, Majayjay,
Laguna

SOCORRO R. FUNDIVILLA, EdD.

Principal IV
Date
Research Contribution No._______________

2
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEET
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES

Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction
Background of the Problem
Conceptual Framework
Hypothesis (not included in a Qualitative Research)
Research Objectives/Statement of the Problem
Definition of Terms
Importance of the Study
Scope and Limitation of the Study

Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature

Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design
Population
Sampling Method
Data Collection Procedure

Chapter 4 PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF

DATA

Chapter 5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATION

Summary
Findings
Conclusion
Recommendation
REFERENCES

3
APPENDICES
A. Score Card/
B. Data Matrix
C. Computation
D. Pictures
E. Executive Summary

CURRICULUM VITAE

4
TITLE PAGE

1. Inverted pyramid (title) single space/1- inch top

2. All caps/bold/ Arial 14
3. Number of words (12-16)
4. Other entries A Thesis presented to….. (see sample)
5. No pagination

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
1. Write acknowledgement in all capital letters,bold,centered and 1 inch from
top.
2. Write in bold sentence case letter the names of persons being
acknowledged.
3. Use semi-colon at the end of each entry/ paragraph and period at the end
of the last paragraph
4. Acknowledge those that contribute to the improvement of the study/
5. End with “The Researcher”

DEDICATION
1. Write the section DEDICATION (1-inch from the top).
2. Dedication per researcher
3. Maintain one page for the Dedication per researcher (any style may be
adopted)
4. End with the researcher’s initial (e.g. J.T.D)

ABSTRACT
1. Title ABSTRACT is written (1- inch from top) in all capital letters and bold
2. Contents of the Abstract is written in paragraphs, 150-250 words.
3. The suggested contents of the paragraphs are as follows:
a. 1st paragraph – the general objectives of the research, the variables
involved, the setting and the time frame of the study, hypothesis (for
quantitative research only).

5
b. 2nd paragraph – the methodology of the study such as the research design,
statistical treatment, population of the study and sampling method, data
collection procedure and the research instrument.
c. 3rd paragraph – the general findings of the research based on the
questions, the conclusions based on the research findings, and
recommendations.
d. Provide 3 to 5 Key Words: written in Italics ( e.g. Key Words: Paradigm
Shift, Innovation, Enchancement)

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Section TABLE OF CONTENTS is written 1 inch from top, all capital letters,
centered and bold.
2. Title of preliminaries are written in capital letters, double-spaced with page
number written in lower case Roman Numeral (i,v,x).
3. Chapter numbers are written in Arainbic and Chapter titles in capital letters,
bold
4. Sections of each chapter are written in Title case and single space with the
corresponding starting page number
5. Include end matters REFERENCES, APPENDICES with listing and
CURRICULUM VITAE, written in capital letters, bold.

LIST OF TABLES/FIGURES
1. Section LIST OF TABLES/FIGURES written in all capital letters, centered,
bold.
2. List of tables and figures are written double spaced between and single
spaced under list of table and figures’ name. Include table figure, and page
numbers.
3. List of Tables and List of Figures are placed in separate pages.

APPROVAL SHEET
1. Start approval sheet 1 inch from the top. Write section APPROVAL SHEET
in all capital letters, centered and bold.

6
2. Title of research is written in bold, capital letters without quotation marks.
3. Section “APPROVAL SHEET” must be doubled spaced and single spaced
for content.
4. Actual date of Oral Defense which is placed in include month, day and
year.
5. All signatories are written in upper case, one space between designation
and signatories. Designation of panel members is written in title case. Include
doctoral as the highest degree earned (e.g. MAEd/MAT/MBA)
6. After the signature of the Principal, include date of signing.

CONTENTS

General format of the Chapters and other Considerations:

1. Use font size no. 12 Arial

2. Use double space in all the discussions
3. Start each chapter one (1) inch from the top. The chapter title is written in
capital bold type, centered and 3” spaced after the chapter number and
double spaced after chapter title and the section’s discussion.
4. Chapter number is written in Arabic.
5. Section are written in capital lower case type to the left of the page and
bold. There should be a double space before start of each section. There is
continues pagination from the 1st page of the chapter written in Arabic on top
of the right side of the page.
6. Page number is not reflected for every first page of the chapter.

7
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

1. Discussion at once follows after the chapter title and section no

introduction of the chapter.

2. Discussions are in paragraph form starting form macro to micro

development (deductive method) that gives an overview of the research

3. It should show that the researcher is familiar with the literature by

developing the background more comprehensively

4. It may include concepts and ideas from other sources

acknowledgement of sources is done in journal form.

5. It should have a maximum of two (1 1/ 2) pages.

Background of the Study

The background includes
1. The discussion of the problem situation as observed and
experienced by the researcher; on why researcher was interested on the
study
2. Concepts and ideas related to the problem; practical and atleast 1
theoretical importance of the study
3. How the present study has evolved by highlighting the gap in the
existing knowledge and how the present study will attempt to bridge the gap
4. It should have a maximum of two (1 1/2) pages

Conceptual Framework
1. The framework is the researcher's own conceptualization of the

8
study using a research scheme or research paradigm, based or related to the
theories previously presented
2. The conceptual model is a figurative representation of the research
framework drawn in a separate whole page in the middle of its discussion
3. In the discussion, the researcher extensively explains the model, the
meaning of the figures, the content; the processes involved, relationship
among variables are also included
4. All the variables involved should be written in the model

Hypothesis
1. It should enlist the hypothesis(es) tested in the research stated in
null form.

Statement of the Problem

1. This section should have an introductory paragraph that would
include the general objective (s) of the research
2. It should enlist the specific questions answered by the research

Definition of Terms
1. The section should have an introductory statement
2. Terms or variables are enlisted and arranged in alphabetical order,
written in capital lower case type, bold, indented
3. Each variable is given a definition written immediately after each
term, separated by a period mark, in sentence form. Cite (author, year) for
conceptual definition(s). Include the operational definition(s).

Importance of the Study

1. This gives the highlights of the research work and presents the
contribution of the researcher in doing the study to the field of knowledge
2. This also states the probable effects of the results of the study on a
theory or practice
3. Individuals or groups of individuals to be benefited by the results of
the study are written in hierarchical order

9
 4. Provide atleast 4 beneficiaries of the study

Scope and Limitation of the Study

1. This section discusses the parameters of the research in paragraph
form
2. It answers the basic question
a. What - the topic of investigation and the variables included
b. Where - the venue or setting of the research
c. When - the time frame by which the study was conducted
d. Why - the general objective of the research
e. Who - the subject of the study, the population and sampling
3. The researcher also enlists the variables that he/she could not
control and can also be used as springboard for the recommendations.

10
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Begin with an introductory statement regarding the contents of this

chapter. Discuss the literature review of the study.

1. This gives references that will provide exhaustive review of the topic.

The review is developmental in nature.

2. The discussion also includes how the variables were used in the

present research to explain its importance

3. A minimum of one (1) related literatures are required for each

variable; all should be relevant to the objectives of the research study

4. Cross-referencing must be observed.

5. The use of Wiki and blogsite as sources are not allowed

6. A big percentage of the literature review should come from peer-

reviewed or scholarly journals in the discipline of the researcher

7. Include recent references only (10 years in the past)

8. Include a synthesis of your literature. The synthesis specifies how

the critical review of literature has enforced the present study and how it is

similar with or different from the previous ones.

Note: Discussion of variable synthesis should be in a bullet form.

11
 Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Begin with an introductory statement regarding the contents of this

chapter. Discuss the general type of research and the general objectives of the

study.

Research Design

1. This section has the following contents in paragraph discussion that

answer the following questions:

a. What is the most appropriate method to use in gathering the

needed data?

b. What is the appropriate design to use in addressing the

parameters define in the study?

2. This section has a discussion of how this method(s) was/were used

in the study

3. it should include the recent source(s), with the (author, year)

Below is the basic guidelines in determining the quantitative research design:

✓ Descriptive comparative – if you want to know the “difference” of variables

✓ Descriptive correlation – if you want to know the “relationship” of variables

✓ Descriptive predictive – if you want to know the “contribution” of each

predictor/factor
• Basic guidelines in determining the qualitative research design (De Guzman,
2013).

✓ Narrative study – if focus of study is narrating an interesting story

12
✓ Case study – if focus of study is exploring an in-depth issue

✓ Grounded theory – if focus of the study is understanding a process

✓ Phenomenology – if focus of the study is revealing the essence or meaning

of a phenomenon
• Use of mixed method research design is also encouraged. Specify type of
mixed method used.
Population
1. This Section answers the following questions and the contents are in
paragraph form.
a. What is the population of the study.
b. Is the sample are truly representative of the entire population?
c. What inclusion and exclusion criteria govern the choice of the
samples?

Sampling Method

1. This Section discuss the sampling scheme to be used in selecting the

sample.

2. What is the sample size?

3. It should include the recent source(s), with the (author, year)

Data Collection Procedure

1. Narrate explicitly the research process starting when the research will
be executed and administered to the respondents.
2. Discuss also the various instruments (if the instrument was adopted,
the author should be recognized and source should be documented.)
and procedures for data collection. Describe the tool to be used for
data collection, its validity and reliability.
3. Include also a timetable (Table 1. Gantt Chart) regarding the target
schedule of activities for the conduct of the research.

13
4. This section discusses in paragraph form the different activities
undertaken to complete the research which follows the general
procedure of the study. A Gantt Chart of activities may guide the
discussion.
5. It includes but not limited to the following: the inclusive factors for the
data gathering; the adequate dates to finish the data gathering; the
research tools; and the statistical tools.
6. Discuss the statistical treatment used in the study. State if data
processing was done manually or computerized

14
 Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

Indicate an introductory sentence or paragraph regarding the contents

of the paragraph and how the gathered data will be presented throughout the
chapter.
1. Sections of sections are based on the questions in the statement of the
problem stated in declarative form, single-space, bold, left aligned
2. Table and Figure numbers and titles are written in capital lower case type
at the center, single-spaced, arranged in inverted pyramid

3. Table and Figure should be in continuous numbering; presented first before

the discussion; must appear in a whole page.
4. Graphs should be colored; tables enclosed with double line borders
5. Discussion should follow the format presentation of data analysis and
interpretation then implications. Literature review may be used to support or
negate the findings.

15
 Chapter 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Indicate an introductory sentence or paragraph regarding the contents

of the paragraph discussing the summary of findings, conclusion and

recommendations.

Summary
This section is composed of paragraphs that include the general and specific
objectives of the study, the scope and methodology. (One page only)

Findings
1. This sections has an introductory paragraph
2. Sections of the summary of findings should follow the statement of the
problem
3. Do not copy and paste the interpretation of data found in Chapter 4.

4. Synthesize findings for each of the statement of the problems presented in

Chapter 1. Avoid the quantitative part (because this has been presented in
Chapter 4).

Conclusions
1. This section is introduced first
2. Conclusion are enlisted based on the hypothesis

Recommendations
1. This section is introduced first
2. Recommendations are enumerated based on the important results
3. It is suggested that concrete programs be the recommendations
other that general ideas.

16
4. Provide atleast 4 recommendations based on the results of the study.

REFERENCES

1. Classify refences according to the kind of resources (e.g. articles,

books, websites, etc.) Present references in alphabetical order.

APPENDICES
1. Each appendix begins in a new page, headed with its letter and a short
descriptive title.
2. The pages of the appendixes are numbered as a consecutive part of the
pagination of the thesis/ dissertation as a whole.
3. The appendices must be typewritten with the usual margin and on the
same paper as the text

CURRICULUM VITAE
A summarized curriculum vitae of the researcher, about 1- 3 pages is
included in the last part of the thesis/ dissertation.

17