Class- VII-CBSE-Science Motion and Time

CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Chapter 13

Back of Chapter Questions

1. Classify the following as motion along a straight line, circular or oscillatory motion:
(i) Motion of your hands while running.
(ii) Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road.
(iii) Motion of a child in a merry-go-round.
(iv) Motion of a child on a see-saw.
(v) Motion of the hammer of an electric bell.
(vi) Motion of a train on a straight bridge.
Solution:
(i) Oscillatory motion
(ii) Linear motion
(iii) Circular motion
(iv) Oscillatory motion
(v) Oscillatory motion
(vi) Linear motion

2. Which of the following are not correct?

(i) The basic unit of time is second.
(ii) Every object moves with a constant speed.
(iii) Distances between two cities are measured in kilometres.
(iv) The time period of a given pendulum is not constant.
(v) The speed of a train is expressed in m/h.
Solution:
(i) Correct
The basic unit of time is second.

(ii) Not correct

Objects move with different speed depending on the situation.

(iii) Correct
The distance between two cities is large. Hence to measure the distance
between cities kilometre as a unit of distance is used.

(iv) Not correct

The time period of a pendulum is constant.

(v) Not correct

Speed of trains in India is expressed in km/h (kilometre per hour)

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Class- VII-CBSE-Science Motion and Time

3. A simple pendulum takes 32 s to complete 20 oscillations. What is the time period of

the pendulum?
Solution:
Time taken to complete 20 oscillations = 32 s
32
Time taken to complete 1 oscillation = 20 s = 1.6 s

Time period of a pendulum is defined as time taken to complete 1 oscillation.

The time period of the pendulum is 1.6 seconds.

4. The distance between two stations is 240 km. A train takes 4 hours to cover this
distance. Calculate the speed of the train.
Solution:
Distance between stations = 240 km
Time taken by train = 4 hours
Distance covered
We know that Speed = time taken
240
= 4
= 60 km/h

Speed of the train is 60 km/h

5. The odometer of a car reads 57321.0 km when the clock shows the time at 08:30 AM.
What is the distance moved by car, if at 08:50 AM, the odometer reading has changed
to 57336.0 km? Calculate the speed of the car in km/min during this time. Express the
speed in km/h also.
Solution:
An initial reading of odometer of the car = 57321.0 km
The final reading of the odometer of the car = 57336.0 km
Distance covered by the car = Final reading — Initial reading
= 57336 —57321.0 = 15 km
The given car starts at 8:30 AM and stops at 8:50 AM
Therefore, the time taken by the car to cover the distance is = 20 min
Distance covered by the car = 15 km
Time taken by the car = 20 min
Distance covered
Speed =
Time taken
15
Speed = = 0.75 km/min
20

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Class- VII-CBSE-Science Motion and Time

Again, 1 hr = 60 min
1
⇒ 20 min = 3 hr

Distance covered 15
Speed = = = 45 km/h
Time taken 1
3

6. Salma takes 15 minutes from her house to reach her school on a bicycle. If the bicycle
has a speed of 2 m/s, calculate the distance between her house and the school.
Solution:
Given that time taken by Salma to reach her school is 15 minutes = 900 seconds.
Speed of her bicycle is 2 m/s
We know that distance travelled is a product of speed and time
Distance = speed × time
Distance = 900 × 2 = 1800 m

7. Show the shape of the distance-time graph for the motion in the following cases:
(i) A car is moving with a constant speed.
(ii) A car parked on a side road.
Solution:
(i) A car moving with a constant speed covers equal distance in equal intervals of
time. Such motion of the car is represented as shown in the following distance-
time graph

(ii) The distance-time graph of a car parked on a roadside is such that with the
increases in time, there is no change in distance, as shown in the following
distance-time graph

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Class- VII-CBSE-Science Motion and Time

8. Which of the following relations is correct?

(i) Speed = Distance × Time
Distance
(ii) Speed = Time
Time
(iii) Speed = Distance
1
(iv) Speed = Distance × Time

Solution:
We know that speed is the ratio of distance travelled by the body and the time taken to
travel that distance.
Distance
Hence Correct option is (ii) Speed = Time

9. The basic unit of speed is:

(i) km/min
(ii) m/min
(iii) km/h
(iv) m/s
Solution:
The basic unit of distance is meter, and the basic unit of time is second.
Distance meter
Speed = =
Time second
The basic unit of speed is m/s.

10. A car moves with a speed of 40 km/h for 15 minutes and then with a Speed of 60
km/h for the next 15 minutes. The total distance covered by the car is:
(i) 100 km
(ii) 25 km
(iii) 15 km
(iv) 10 km
Solution:

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Class- VII-CBSE-Science Motion and Time

Assume that in the first case distance travelled is d1 and in the second case distance
travelled is d2 .
And we know that distance travelled is the product of speed and time
15
d1 = 40 × = 10 km
60
15
And d2 = 60 × 60
= 15 km

Hence total distance travelled is d1 + d2 = 10 + 15 = 25 km

11. Suppose the two photographs, shown in Fig. 13.1 and Fig. 13.2, had been taken at an
interval of 10 seconds. If a distance of 100 metres is shown by 1 cm in these
photographs, calculate the speed of the blue car.

Solution:
Do the following steps to calculate the speed:
i. Measure the distance covered by the blue car.
ii. Multiply the distance measured in cm by 100 to get the distance covered by
car in the meter.
iii. Divide the distance in meter by time difference (time given in question).
The distance covered by the blue car (as evident from the photograph) from one
white strip to another, which is measured by a scale is 1.4 cm.
It is given that 1 cm is equivalent to 100 m. Therefore, 1.4 cm is equivalent to 140
m. Distance travelled by car = 140 m
The time interval between the two photographs = 10 s
Distance covered 140
Speed = = = 14 m/s
Time taken 10

12. Fig. 13.15 shows the distance-time graph for the motion of two vehicles A and B.
Which one of them is moving faster?

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Class- VII-CBSE-Science Motion and Time

Fig. 13.15 Distance-time graph for the motion of two cars

Solution:
Vehicle A is moving faster than vehicle B.
Speed is given by the relation
Distance covered
Speed =
Time taken
This relation shows that the speed of a vehicle is greater if it covers the greater
distance in a given interval of time. To compare the distance, draw a line
perpendicular to the time-axis, as shown in the following distance-time graph.

From the graph, in a given time t, the distance covered by vehicle A is greater than
that covered by vehicle B. Hence, vehicle A is moving faster than vehicle B.

13. Which of the following distance-time graphs shows a truck moving with a speed
which is not constant?

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Class- VII-CBSE-Science Motion and Time

Solution: (iii)
(i) In a distance-time graph, the constant speed of a body is to be represented by a
straight line.
(ii) In a distance-time graph, a straight line parallel to the time axis indicates that
the body is not moving.
(iii)A curved line on the distance-time graph indicates that the body is moving with
a speed which is not constant.
(iv) In a distance-time graph, the constant speed of a body is to be represented by a
straight line.

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