Social Media Connectivity Using PHP

Submitted By-
SOURAV DAS
Registration no- 161541810023 OF 2016-2017
Roll no- 15499016007

MASTER DEGREE THESIS

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

the degree of MSC
In
MSC Computer Science
Under Supervison
Subhajit Pal

Dinabandhu Andrews Institute of Technology and Management.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology.

11TH May, 2018

INTRODUCTION

Social Networking - It's the way the 21st century communicates now. Social
networking is the grouping of individuals into specific groups, like small rural
communities or a neighborhood subdivision. Although social networking is
possible in person, especially in the workplace, universities, and high schools, it is
most popular online. This is because unlike most high schools, colleges, or
workplaces, the internet is filled with millions of individuals who are looking to
meet other people.

Social network is the mapping and measuring of relationships and flows between
people, groups, organizations, computers, URLs, and other connected
information/knowledge entities. The nodes in the network are the people and
groups while the links show relationships or flows between the nodes. Social
network provides both a visual and a mathematical analysis of human
relationships.

Social Networking Website project itself is a huge project comprising various

features like profile updating, friend’s list organization and various other
application to enhance the overall look and feel of the website. However, in this
project I am basically working on two essential feature or module ( PROFILE
MANAGEMENT & FRIENDS ORGANIZATION ).

PROFILE MANAGEMENT module maintain the profile of a user like name, like,
dislikes, hobbies, status etc.

FRIENDS ORGANIZATION module maintains the friend list, handles request and
sends request to the other user.

Profiles and Friends lists are two key features on social network sites. The third is a
public commenting feature ('Review', 'Comments', 'The Wall'). This feature allows
individuals to comment on their Friends' profiles. These comments are displayed
prominently and visible for anyone who has access to that profile.
PROJECT SCOPE

1) This system provides users to register their various types of profile

like social, personal, general, professional.

2) This system provides users to send a scrap message, images, and data files
to their friends. User can maintain the scrap book whatever scraps he has
send to users.

3) The system provides user to upload the photos so that user can maintain
own album.

4) This system provides user to join the communities according to

their scenario.

5) This system provides the user to maintain their friend list and user can
update their friend list.

6) This system provides user to send invitation to another friend and can add
to their friend list for future.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

Literature Survey
The Web-based social networking services make it possible to connect people who
share interests and activities across political, economic, and geographic borders.
Through e-mail and instant messaging, online communities are created where a
gift economy and reciprocal altruism are encouraged through cooperation.
Information is suited to a gift economy, as information is a non rival good and can
be gifted at practically no cost.

Facebook and other social networking tools are increasingly the object of scholarly
research. Scholars in many fields have begun to investigate the impact of social-
networking sites, investigating how such sites may play into issues of
identity, privacy, social capital, youth culture, and education.

Several websites are beginning to tap into the power of the social networking
model for philanthropy. Such models provide a means for connecting otherwise
fragmented industries and small organizations without the resources to reach a
broader audience with interested users. Social networks are providing a
different way for individuals to communicate digitally. These communities of
hypertexts allow for the sharing of information and ideas, an old concept placed
in a digital environment.

Functional Specifications
1) Server Object
The Server class acts as a wrapper for all server functions for our social
networking site. It essentially act as a link between all of the information
such as accounts, account details, pages, notes, etc to our database. When
any other model object such as a page is pulled from the server, a temporary
copy is made. If that temporary copy is changed in any way. The new
version must be sent to the server in order to update the permanent copy.
The reason behind local copies is that all the necessary information for the
object is sent over in one easy-to-use package. Then the update to the
database can be done all at once by sending back that single object. There is
no need for multiple functions or a function that takes a large number of
parameters.

2) Account Object

Each user who wants to use the site must create an account. This is
the head class that all other objects use to determine what a user does and
when the user did it. The account’s information has four purposes: hold
the login information, hold friend information, hold profile information,
and hold privacy information with such a large amount of information to
keep track of, the Account class would be very large and difficult to work with.

Therefore to ease the load, the Account class was broken up into three
different classes. There is the actual account class which keeps track of login
information and friend information. It also holds the other two classes within
it. Profile information was outsourced to the Account Details class, and
privacy settings were outsourced to the Privacy Settings class. The only time
the Account class needs to be updated is when the user changes his/her
username and/or password. All other settings are handled by the Account
Details and Privacy Settings classes.

3) Account Details Object

An Account Details object is a helper class created whenever a new
Account object is created. The object contains all the information that
shows up in the user’s profile. The user can edit this by modifying his/her
profile. Overall, this class has no other purpose but to be a helper class to its
account object.

4) Privacy Settings Object

A Privacy Settings object is the other helper class created whenever a
new Account object is created. This object contains all the privacy settings
that a user has, such as who can view his/her media or custom pages. This
class is called any time a user visits a profile or content created by another
user. However, it does not directly interact with the other model classes,
only the view.
5) Chat Session Object, Event Object, Link Object, Note Object and
Page Object

These objects contain unique information for a particular type of action a

user performs. All of these contain a reference to the account that owns
them. Each object is a ‖working-copy‖ of an object in the Server. Anytime
one of these objects is created on the Server, an entry of its creation is added
to the news feed database.

6) Message Object
A Message object is created when a user composes a new message to
be sent to a friend. After it is confirmed that the friend is located in the
database, the Message object adds its information to the database. When
a user checks his or her inbox, a list of messages that were sent to the
user will be shown in descending order of when they were received.

7) Friends
The most important feature is being able to add and remove friends. In
our Social Networking site, making friends is a fairly straightforward
process. Users can type in the name of a friend in the search bar at the top of
their home page. The database is queried for an account that has the search
term contained in the full name, any media files with the search terms in the
description, any pages with the search terms in the titles, any links with the
search terms in the titles, and any notes with the search terms in the title. For
example, User A could search for User B in the search bar. After clicking on
User B’s profile, User A will see a button that says Send Friend Request.
Clicking on it will send an alert to User B that User A wants to be a friend.
The friend request will now be in the friends list of User B, where he/she can
either accept it or ignore it, letting it sit there indefinitely. If user B accepts
the request, User A will be added to User B’s friends list and vice versa.
Being friends has its advantages. For example, only friends can chat to each
other. Also, friends can view any part of a profile that is marked as friends
only. Finally, for a user to view his/her friends and incoming friend requests,
he/she just clicks on the friends tab which brings up a frame.

8) Account Creation
When a user accesses the site for the first time, he/she must create an
account before using any of the site features. The account creation process is
broken into three sections. The first section deals with the login information
and is required for the user to fill out. This includes the email, password, and
password confirmation. The purpose behind the password confirmation is to
ensure that the user didn’t accidentally mistype when creating a password.
The second section deals with information about who you are such as name,
location, and gender. Most of these fields are optional except for your name
and gender. It wouldn’t be much of a social network if everyone was named
anonymous. The final section deals with information about the users likes
and dislikes, such as interests and activities. Unlike the other two sections,
user clicks create account, a new account, account details, and privacy
settings are added to the server, and the user is brought back to the login
page

9) Privacy Options
Privacy is very important feature for some people, and social networking
is no exception to this. Our system provides three levels of privacy: open,
friends only, and closed. A feature with an open privacy level is public and
may be viewed by anyone. By contrast, a feature with a closed privacy level
is completely private and can only be viewed by the account owner. A
feature with a friends only privacy level is fairly self explanatory. By
default, al privacy levels are set to open when a new account is created. To
change privacy levels, the user can click on the options tab on the top menu
bar. The current features with privacy levels are media share, account wall,
user pages, notes, and the overall profile privacy.
The implementation of privacy is a fairly straightforward process. When the
user makes changes to the privacy level, the Privacy Settings object in the
account is updated with the new privacy settings. That working copy is then
passed into the update method of the server, and that queries the database to
set the record for that privacy settings object to the new values. When a user
visits another profile, the profile owner is pulled from the database. A
function called can view page() is and is passed the profile owner, the
viewer profile and the page type. In the function the privacy settings object
is pulled from the viewer profile and the page type determines which privacy
setting is pulled from the object. If the setting is open, the function
automatically returns true. If the setting is friends only, the function only
returns true if the viewer profile is a friend of the page owner or if the
viewer profile and the page owner are the same. Finally, if the setting is
closed, the function only returns true if the viewer profile is the page owner.
Once the function returns its answer the page will either do one of to things.
If the function returns true, the viewer is allowed to view this page, and it
will load normally. If the function returns false, the viewer is not supposed
to view the page, and it will redirect to an error page.

10) Chatting
One of the advantages of having friends is the ability to have live
communications with them via chat. When a friend is online, he/she will
appear in the chat tab as an available friend to chat with. To start a chat
session, simply click on the name of the friend which will begin a new chat
session. The little bar at the bottom will change from chat disabled to
chatting with friend name as seen in the figure below. Also, the friend
receiving the chat will get a notification that a new chat session has started.
Then the two friends can chat with each other until one or both log out.

The chat feature is a little more complex than others as it requires a

combination of JavaScript and JQuery to work. When a user clicks on a
friend name to begin a chat, a chat request is sent to the database. On every
page there is a JQuery function that queries the server for any new chat
requests once a second. It needs to be JQuery, so the client can request for
the server to run a check and return any relevant information. If it was pure
PHP, the page would never load completely, because the page cannot finish
loading until the server is done all preprocessing. The JavaScript portion of
JQuery allows the client to ask the server to do more processing after the
page has been loaded.[3] If there is a new chat request, a pop under is
generated, notifying the receiver of the new chat that is starting or a new
pending chat if the user is in another chat. When a user send a message,
another JQuery function is called, to alert the server that it needs to update
the chat session with a new message. At the same time, another JQuery
function is running to ask the server once a second if the chat session has
been updated. Overall, it is a lot of the client asking the server to send over
any changes that exist.

11) Messaging
Unlike with chatting, users can send a message to any other user. For
user A to send a message to user B, he/she simply goes to the message
center tab and clicks compose message. He then fills out the form as shown
in the figure below with the email of the recipient, the message title, and the
message content. The new message will then be in User B’s inbox in the
message center.

Messaging is implemented by storing a record of the message in the server.

First a message object is constructed that takes in the to and from accounts,
the message body, and the date it was sent. The message body is retrieved
from a user submitted form, the from account is retrieved from the user
session, and the receiver account is retrieved from the recipient email
address. The receiver account is validated, to ensure the sender didn’t try to
send a message to a non-existent receiver. Finally, the new message is stored
in the server. Retrieving messages sent to the user is a simple method of
querying the server for any messages that have been sent to the user, and this
is done by checking the receiver id of each message against the account id of
the user. Any matches are returned to the inbox of the user as shown in the
figure below.

12) Events
In addition to messaging your friends, social networking sites are a
great place to alert your friends of important upcoming events. For example,
if a user is throwing a birthday party, he/she could create an event an invite
friends he/she wants to attend or simply make it a public for anyone. The
process of creating an event is as simple as filling out a form which looks
like this.

After filling out the form, the user will be brought to the standard
confirmation page. He/she can then view the new event by clicking on the
Events tab and clicking on the new event. If the user wishes to edit some
information about the event, he/she can click on the edit link next to the
event where a similar form to creating an event will be displayed with all the
fields populated with the current event information.

Storing the event is a fairly straightforward process. Once the form data is
submitted, a new Event object is created storing the Account that created the
event as well as all the information sent along with the form. That new event
is then sent to the server, which creates a database query and stores the fields
of the event object into equivalent fields of the event database table.
Retrieving events is also a fairly straightforward process. A MySQL query is
called to pull the contents of the event into an array, and that array is used to
instantiate a new working copy of the event in an Event object.
13) Media Uploading
As people use their social networking account, they will want to be
able to upload funny or interesting images, video, music, etc., to share with
their friends. The media upload section will be located at the media tab,
where users are able to specify a file to upload as well as provide a short
description of the file to be uploaded. In order to prevent users from
uploading potentially malicious files such as executables, only certain file
extensions are supported. These allowed extensions cover popular image
extensions such as png, jpg, gif, and bitmap, video extensions wmv and avi,
audio extensions mp3, wma, and wav, and some document files including
txt, rtf, doc, and pdf.

The inner workings of this uploading process are surprisingly simple,

since the HTTP server takes care of requesting the file from the client
automatically. After the user clicks upload, the file is sent to the server and
stored in a temporary location. Through PHP all information about these
temporary files can be accessed through the $ FILES variable. The
temporary location is stored in that variable and can be used to pull the file
name and file extension.[1] That extension is then checked against an array
of allowed extensions. If the extension is in the list, the file is then moved to
a permanent location in the media folder under a subfolder for the user’s
account. If the extension is not on the list, it is left in the temporary folder
where it will be automatically deleted by the server once the php script
completes.
Software Tools Specification
1) MySQL
MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web
applications, and is a central component of the widely used LAMP
open source web application software stack (and other 'AMP' stacks).
LAMP is an acronym for "Linux, Apache, MySQL,
Perl/PHP/Python." Free-software-open source projects that require a
full-featured database management system often use MySQL.

MySQL can be built and installed manually from source code,

but this can be tedious so it is more commonly installed from a binary
package unless special customizations are required. On most Linux
distributions the package management system can download and
install MySQL with minimal effort, though further configuration is
often required to adjust security and optimization settings.

Though MySQL began as a low-end alternative to more

powerful proprietary databases, it has gradually evolved to support
higher-scale needs as well. It is still most commonly used in small to
medium scale single-server deployments, either as a component in a
LAMP-based web application or as a standalone database server.
Much of MySQL's appeal originates in its relative simplicity and ease
of use, which is enabled by an ecosystem of open source tools such as
phpMyAdmin. In the medium range, MySQL can be scaled by
deploying it on more powerful hardware, such as a multi-processor
server with gigabytes of memory.

There are however limits to how far performance can scale on a

single server ('scaling up'), so on larger scales, multi-server MySQL
('scaling out') deployments are required to provide improved
performance and reliability. A typical high-end configuration can
include a powerful master database which handles data write
operations and is replicated to multiple slaves that handle all read
operations. The master server synchronizes continually with its slaves
so in the event of failure a slave can be promoted to become the new
master, minimizing downtime. Further improvements in performance
can be achieved by caching the results from database queries in
memory

using memcached, or breaking down a database into smaller

chunks called shards which can be spread across a number of
distributed server clusters.

2) Language: PHP

PHP is a scripting language designed to fill the gap between

SSI (Server Side Includes) and Perl, intended for the web
environment. Its principal application is the implementation of web
pages having dynamic content. PHP has gained quite a following in
recent times, and it is one of the frontrunners in the Open Source
software movement. Its popularity derives from its C-like syntax, and
its simplicity. PHP is currently divided into two major versions: PHP
4 and PHP 5, although PHP 4 is deprecated and is no longer
developed or supplied with critical bug fixes. PHP 6 is currently under
development. PHP was designed by Rasmus Lerdorf to display his
resume online and to collect data from his visitors.

PHP allows a static webpage to become dynamic. "PHP" is an

acronym that stands for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor". The word
"Preprocessor" means that PHP makes changes before the HTML
page is created. This enables developers to create powerful
applications which can publish a blog, remotely control hardware, or
run a powerful website such as Wikipedia or Wikibooks. Of course, to
accomplish something such as this, you need a database application
such as MySQL.

PHP code is interpreted by a web server with a PHP processor

module, which generates the resulting web page: PHP commands can
be embedded directly into an HTML source document rather than
calling an external file to process data. It has also evolved to include a
interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical
applications.

The PHP language was originally implemented as an

interpreter, and this is still the most popular implementation. Several
compilers have been developed which decouple the PHP language
from the interpreter. Advantages of compilation include better
execution speed, static analysis, and improved interoperability with
code written in other languages.

PHP includes free and open source libraries with the core build.
PHP is a fundamentally Internet-aware system with modules built in
for accessing File Transfer

Protocol (FTP) servers, many database servers, embedded SQL

libraries such as embedded PostgreSQL, MySQL, Microsoft SQL
Server and SQLite, LDAP servers, and others. Many functions
familiar to C programmers such as those in the studio family are
available in the standard PHP build.
 3) Back End: PHP MyAdmin
PHPMyAdmin is a free software tool written in PHP, intended
to handle the administration of MySQL over the Web. PhpMyAdmin
supports a wide range of operations on MySQL, Maria DB and
Drizzle. Frequently used operations (managing databases, tables,
columns, relations, indexes, users, permissions, etc.) can be performed
via the user interface, while you still have the ability to directly
execute any SQL statement.

Features provided by the program include:

1. Web interface

2. MySQL database management

3. Import data from CSV and SQL

4. Export data to various formats: CSV, SQL, XML, PDF (via

the TCPDF library),

ISO/IEC 26300 - Open Document Text and Spreadsheet, Word,

Excel, LaTeX and others

5. Administering multiple servers

6. Creating PDF graphics of the database layout

7. Creating complex queries using Query-by-Example (QBE)

8. Searching globally in a database or a subset of it

9. Transforming stored data into any format using a set of

predefined functions, like displaying BLOB-data as image or
download-link
 10.Live charts to monitor MySQL server activity like connections,
processes, CPU/Memory usage, etc.

Hardware
Requirements
Processor

RAM

Hard disk : Intel Pentium IV 2.0 GHz and above

Monitor : 512 MB and above

Keyboard : 80GB and above

Mouse : CRT or LCD monitor

2.6 Software
Requirements : Normal or Multimedia

Front End : Compatible mouse

Language

Back End : XAMPP

Operation System : PHP

Browser : PHP MyAdmin

: Windows XP or above

Any latest browser

 4) Data Flow Diagrams

Data flow diagrams model the flow of data into, through, and out of an
information system:

• show the processes that change or transform data

• show the movement of data between processes

• represent a system as a network of processes which transform data

flowing between them

The user screen flow shows what a user of the community will see. After
successfully logging on, the user will be given various links (such as search
users, search boards, view mail, etc.), and be able to select options from
there, or go back to their home.
TESTING
System Testing
System testing is a critical element of quality assurance and represents
the ultimate review of analysis, design and coding. Test case design focuses
on a set of techniques for the creation of test because that meet overall
testing objective. When a system is developed it is hoped that it performs
properly. The main purpose of testing an information system is to find the
errors and correct them. The scope of system testing should include both
manual and computerized operations. System testing is comprehensive
evaluation of the programs, manual procedures, computer operations and
controls.

System testing is the process of checking whether the developed

system is working according to the objective and requirement. All testing is
to be conducted in accordance to the test conditions specified earlier. This
will ensure that the test coverage meets the requirements and that testing is
done in a systematic manner.

The process of analyzing the software item to detect the differences

between existing or required condition and evaluate the features of the
software items. The thorough testing of the system before release of the
software needs to be done vide the various test cases and modes so that the
software becomes devoid of bugs and uses minimum space requirements as
well as minimum time to perform. The test cases were selected beforehand
with expected results defined and actual results recorded for comparison.
The selection of test cases is done vide ―White Box Testing‖ technique to
check the internal programming logic and efficiency and vide ‖Black Box
Testing‖ technique to check software requirement fulfillment with intension
of finding maximum number of errors with minimum effort and time.
Although test cases are a design by considering the cyclomatic complexity,
 conditional test, still the software code is not in its optional form, as all other
possible alternative parts in the software are not considered. At the
integration level, the software will be passing to the third party tests which
would further enhance the software optimality and efficiency.

TEST DATA IMPLEMENTATION AND THEIR RESULT ON:

The following Flow Graph methodology was used while testing the software:

Here each circle represents one or more non branching procedural language
or source code s t a t e m e n t s i n F l o w G r a p h . W h i l e p e r f o r m i
n g C o n d i t i o n T e s t i n g D o m a i n T e s t i n g methodology was
selected. While performing Loop Testing simple loops, concatenated loops,
nested and unstructured loops were tested thoroughly.

TEST CHARACTERS :

1.A good test has a high probability of finding an error.

2.Agoodtestisnotredundant.

3.Agoodtestshouldbe―bestofbreed‖.
4.A good test should be neither too simple nor too complex.

BLACK BOX TESTING:

The method of Black Box Testing is used by the software engineer to
derive the required results of the test cases:

1.Black Box Testing alludes to test that are conducted at the software
interface.

2.A Black Box Test examines some fundamental aspect of a system with
little regard for the internal logic structure of the software.

3.A limited number of important logical paths can be selected and exercised.

4.Important data structure can be probed for validity.

Black box testing was performed to find errors in the following categories:-

▪
Incorrect or missing functions

▪
Graphics error.

▪
Errors in data in binary format.

▪
Error in data in integer format.

▪
File error.

▪
Pointer error.
 ▪
Memory access error.

▪
Variable error .

▪ Performance error

WHITE BOX TESTING:

White Box Testing is sometimes called Glass Box Testing. Using White
Box Testing methods the software engineer can derive the following test
cases:

1.Guaranteethatallindependentpathswithinamodu
l e h a v e b e e n e x e r c i s e d a t l e a s t once.

2.Exercise all logical decisions on their true and false sides.

3.Execute all loops at their boundaries and within their operational bounds.

4.Exercise internal data structures to ensure the validity.50

In White Box Testing efforts were made to handle the following:-

• Number of input parameters equal to number of arguments.

•Parameters and arguments attributes match.

 •Numberofargumentstransmittediscalledmodules
e q u a l t o a t t r i b u t e s o f parameters..

•U n i t s y s t e m o f a r g u m e n t t r a n s m i t t e d i s c a l l e d m o d u
l e s e q u a l u n i t s y s t e m o f parameter.

• Number of attributes and order of arguments to build in functions correct.

•Any references to parameters not associated to build in functions

correct. •Input only arguments altered.

•Global variable definition consistent across

module. •Files attributes correct.

•Format specifications matches I/O specification.

•Files opened before use.

•File closed while working is going on.

•I/O errors handled.

• Any textual errors in output information.

UNIT TESTING:

The unit testing is performed to test the validity of the individual units. This
is done in the coding phase with the interactive testing. Thus it itself
constitutes a majority of functionality test for each logical unit.

INTEGRITY TESTING:

Whenallthedevelopmentofalltheunitsormodul
esis

VALIDATION TESTING:

Testswereperformedtofindconformitywiththe
requirements.Plansandproceduresweredesignedt
oensurethatall

F u n c t i o n a l r e q u i r e m e n t s a r e satisfied. The software was

alpha-tested. There are two goals in preparing test plans. Firstly, a properly
detailed test plan

demonstratesthattheprogramspecificationsar
e u n d e r s t o o d c o m p l e t e l y . Secondly, the test plan is used during
program testing to prove the correctness of the program.

5.1 TEST CASES

Login:

Sl Input Values Test case Conditional being checked Result

No
 1 Email Empty Please Enter valid Username Successful

3 Email Already Login ID should be unique Successful

Exists or
not

4 Password Empty Please Enter valid Password Successful

5 Password If wrong Enter Password Successful

Password

6 Password Length Length should be less than or equal Successful

to 10 character

Registration:

Sl Input Test case Conditional being checked Result

Values
No

1. First Name Empty It must not be empty Successful

2 Last Name Empty Last Name must not be empty Successful

3 Email Empty Enter valid Email ID. Successful

4 Password Empty Enter valid Password. Successful

 5 Password Length Minimum 8 characters Successful
required

6 Confirm Empty Password and confirmation Successful

Password password must be same

7 Date Of Select Enter valid Username and Successful

Birth Password.

Table 5.2 Registration table

Edit Profile:

Sl Input Test case Conditional being checked Result

Values
No

1. First Name Null First Name must not be empty Successful

2 Last Name Empty Last Name must not be empty Successful

3 City Empty City must not be empty Successful

4 State Empty state must not be empty Successful

5 Pin code Empty PIN code must not be empty Successful

6 Country SELECT Please select country Successful

7 High School Empty High School must not be Successful

 empty

8 College SELECT Please select college Successful

9 Course Empty Course must not be empty Successful

Sl Input Test case Conditional being checked Result

Values
No

1. Image Title Null Image title must not be empty Successful

2 Add Image BROWSE Please browse image Successful

3 Delete Select Please select image to delete Successful

Image

Table 5.4 Photos table

CONCLUSION

While developing the system a conscious effort has been made to create and
develop a software package, making use of available tools, techniques and
resources – that would generate a proper system for ONLINE SOCIAL
NETWORKING.

While making the system, an eye has been kept on making it as user-
friendly. As such one may hope that the system will be acceptable to any user and
will adequately meet his/her needs. As in case of any system development process
where there are a number of short comings, there have been some shortcomings in
the development of this system also.

There are some of the areas of improvement which couldn’t be implemented

due to time constraints. One such feature was online chat where members can chat
with his friends through this website. I also couldn't implement the scrap book and
the selling item page for now but we still have two months of internship left in the
company so defiantly we will do it in coming months.
REFERENCES

1) W3schools.com
2) Php.net
3) Google.com
4) Wikipedia