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Aldehydes

The document contains a chemistry test on aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids for class 12. It includes 19 multiple choice and short answer questions testing concepts like characteristic reactions, distinguishing compounds, conversions between functional groups, and explaining observations. The answer key provides concise responses to each question.

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62 views

Aldehydes

The document contains a chemistry test on aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids for class 12. It includes 19 multiple choice and short answer questions testing concepts like characteristic reactions, distinguishing compounds, conversions between functional groups, and explaining observations. The answer key provides concise responses to each question.

Uploaded by

love.mansijha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL BANGALORE - EAST

CHEMISTRY

UNIT 10:Aldehydes,Ketones and Carboxylic Acids


NAME: _______________ CLASS: XII SEC:_____ DATE: ___________

Answer the following questions


1. Through which of the following reactions number of carbon atoms can be increased in
the chain?
(a) Grignard reaction (b) Cannizzaro’s reaction
(c) Rosenmund Reductions (d) HVZ reaction
2. Which is the most suitable reagent for the following conversion?
CH3 - CH = CH - CH2 - CO - CH3→CH3 - CH = CH - CH2 - COOH
(a) Tollen’s reagent (b) Benzoylperoxide
(c) I2 and NaOH solution (d) Sn and NaOH solution
3. The correct order of increasing acidic strength is
(a) Phenol < Ethanol < Chloroaceticacid < Aceticacid
(b) Ethanol < Phenol < Chloroaceticacid < Aceticacid
(c) Ethanol < Phenol < Aceticacid < Dichloroaceticacid
(d) Chloroaceticacid < Aceticacid < Phenol < Ethanol
4. Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of their property
indicated: Propanol, Propane, Propanal (boiling point)
5. Carboxylic acids do not give characteristic reactions of carbonyl group. Explain why?
The question given below consists of an Assertion and Reason. Use the following
key to choose the appropriate answer.
(a) If both the assertion and reason are CORRECT and reason is the CORRECT
explanation of the
assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are CORRECT but, reason is NOT THE
CORRECT explanation of the assertion.
(c) If assertion is CORRECT but, reason is INCORRECT.
(d) If assertion is INCORRECT but, reason is CORRECT.
(e) If both assertion and reason are INCORRECT.
6. Assertion: Pentan–2–one can be distinguished from pentan–3–one by
iodoform test.
Reason: Former is methylketone while the latter is not.
7. Assertion: In methanol, all the four atoms are in the same plane.
Reason: The carbon atom in methanol is sp2 hybridized
8. Assertion: Benzaldehyde is more reactive than Propanal towards nucleophilic
addition reactions.
Reason: Benzaldehyde is less sterically hindered.
9. Assertion: Acetaldehyde undergoes aldol condensation with dil. NaOH.
Reason: Aldehydes which do not contain α – hydrogen undergo aldol condensation.
10. Acetaldehyde can be reduced to ethane in the presence of LiAlH4.(True or false)
11. Di–tert–butylketone doesn’t give precipitate with NaHSO 3 whereas acetone does.Explain.
12. Give a chemical test to distinguish between Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde.
13. Fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine but ρ–fluorobenzoic acid is a
weaker acid than ρ–chlorobenzoicacid. Explain.
14. *Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their property as indicated:
(i) CH3COCH3, C6H5COCH3, CH3CHO
(reactivity towards nucleophilic addition reaction)
(ii) Cl-CH2-COOH, F-CH2-COOH, CH3-COOH (acidic character)
15. Do the following conversions in not more than two steps:
(i) Benzoic acid to benzaldehyde
(ii) Ethylbenzene to Benzoic acid
(iii) Propanone to Propene
16. (a) Illustrate the following name reactions by giving example:
(i) Cannizzaro’s reaction (ii) Clemmensen reduction
(b) An organic compound A contains 69.77% carbon,11.63% hydrogen and rest oxygen. The
molecular mass of the compound is 86. It does not reduce Tollen’s reagent but forms an addition
compound with sodium hydrogen sulphite and gives positive iodoform test. On vigorous
oxidation it gives ethanoic and propanoic acids. Derive the possible structure of compound
A.

17. (a) Arrange the following compounds in an increasing order of their indicated property:
(i) Benzoic Acid, 4-Nitro benzoic acid, 3,4-Dinitorbenzoic acid,
4-Methoxybenzoic acid (acid strength)
(ii) CH3CH2CH(Br)COOH, CH3CH(Br)CH2COOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH,CH3CH2CH2COOH
(acid strength)
(b) How would you bring about the following conversions?
(i) Propanone to Propene (ii) Benzoic acid to Benzaldehyde
(iii) Bromobenzene to 1-phenyl ethanol
18. (a) Write chemical equation to illustrate the following name bearing reactions:
(i) Aldol Condensation (ii) Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction
(b) Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:
(i) Propanal and Propanone (ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone
(ii) Phenol and Benzoic Acid.
19. (a) How will you convert:
(i) Benzene to acetophenone (ii) Propanone to 2–Methylpropan-2-ol
(b) Give reasons:
(i) Electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid takes place at meta position.
(ii) Carboxylic acids are higher boiling liquids than aldehydes, ketones and alcohols
of comparable molecular masses.
(iii) Propanal is more reactive than propanone in nucleophilic addition reactions.

ANSWER KEY

A1 : a
A2 : c
A3 : c
A4 : Propanol > Propanal >Propane
A5 : Because of resonance in carboxylic acids
A6 : a
A7 : e
A8 : e
A9 : c
A10 : false
A11 . Because of stearic hindrance.
A12 . Acetaldehyde will give iodoform test whereas formaldehyde will not give iodoform
test.
A13 . F is more electronegative than chlorine but p-fluorobenzoic acid is a weaker acid
than p-chlorobenzoic acid because fluorine has a stronger +M effect because of
resonance between 2p orbital of fluorine and 2p orbitals of C attach to it but in case of
chlorine +M effect is weaker because of resonance between 3p orbital of chlorine and
2p orbitals of C attach to it.
A14. (i) CH3CHO >C6H5COCH3 > CH3COCH3
(ii) CH3-COOH < Cl-CH2-COOH < F-CH2-COOH

A15 . (i) C6H5COOH LiAlH4 C6H5CH2OH


PCC
C6H5CHO

(ii)
C6H5C2H5 –KMnO4-- C6H5COOH

(iii)
CH3COCH3 NaBH4- CH3CH(OH)CH3 conc. H2SO4/443K CH3CH=CH2
A16 . a) (i) Cannizzaro’s Reaction
2 C6H5CHO  C6H5CH2OH + C6H5COONa
(ii) CH3COCH3 Zn/Hg/HCl-CH3CH2CH3
b) CH3COCH2CH2CH3 writes their respective reactions also.

A17 . (i) 4-Methoxybenzoic acid < Benzoic Acid < 4-Nitro benzoic acid < 3,4-Dinitorbenzoic
acid
(ii)
(CH3)2CHCOOH<CH3CH2CH2COOH<CH3CH(Br)CH2COOH<CH3CH2CH(Br)COOH
(b) (i) Same as Q15 (iii) part (ii) Same as Q15 (i) part
(iii)

C6H5Br Mg/Dry ether


>C6H5MgBr CH3CHO/H2O CH3CH(C6H5)OH

A18. (a) Aldol Condensation : When two similar aldehydes containing α

hydrogen undergoes condensation in presence of alkali it forms aldol

2 CH3CHO NaOH- CH3CH(OH)CH2CHO

Hell-Volhard Zelinsky reaction

CH3COOH Cl2/Red P- CH2(Cl)COOH


(b) (i) Tollen’s test/Fehling Test
(ii) Iodoform test
(iii) Neutral FeCl3 test

A19. (a) (i) Friedel craft acylation

(ii) CH3COCH3 CH3MgBr/H2OCH3C(CH3)(OH)CH3

(b) (i)Because of its electron with drawing nature.


(ii) In case of carboxylic acids hydrogen bonds are strong that they are not broken even in
the vapour phase. Carboxylic acid exist as cyclic dimer in which the two molecules of
the acids are held together by two strong hydrogen bonds in vapour phase and in
aprotic solvent.
(iii) Because there is only one alkyl group in aldehyde and its +I effect

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