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Magnetism

Magnetism can be exhibited by iron, cobalt, and nickel. Steel, an alloy of iron and carbon, can also be magnetic but its properties depend on its additional elements. A material is considered a magnet when it becomes magnetized by a magnetic field and is able to attract other ferromagnetic materials. The earliest references to magnetism involved naturally occurring lodestone in ancient Turkey. A magnet's field can be observed using iron filings which align along the magnetic flux lines. The Earth itself acts like a giant bar magnet due to magnetic fields generated in its solid inner core and liquid outer core.

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Mayur Deepak
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9 views

Magnetism

Magnetism can be exhibited by iron, cobalt, and nickel. Steel, an alloy of iron and carbon, can also be magnetic but its properties depend on its additional elements. A material is considered a magnet when it becomes magnetized by a magnetic field and is able to attract other ferromagnetic materials. The earliest references to magnetism involved naturally occurring lodestone in ancient Turkey. A magnet's field can be observed using iron filings which align along the magnetic flux lines. The Earth itself acts like a giant bar magnet due to magnetic fields generated in its solid inner core and liquid outer core.

Uploaded by

Mayur Deepak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Magnetism

1: Three metallic elements show strong magnetic properties these are iron,
cobalt, nickel.

2: Steel is a metal alloy which can show magnetic properties. It is made from Iron
and carbon. It can be mixed with other metals to form non-magnetic alloys for
example stainless steel which is made from steel, chromium, nickel.
3: when a material is showing magnetic properties it is said to be magnetized
and is known as a magnet.

4: The word “magnet” comes from the ancient country of Magnesia which is now
apart of modern turkey. This place was rich with black stones which could draw
iron to them. These stones would later be named lodestone the modern name for
lodestone is now Magnetite.
5: some materials such as paper and water let the force of magnetism pass
through them while others such as a steel sheet do not let the force of
magnetism pass through them.
6: At the end of each Bar magnet is a place where the magnetic pull is the
strongest these areas/spots of the magnet are called the “Poles”
7: One rule of thumb for the poles is that Opposite poles attract while Similar
Poles Repel.
8: when a material that can show magnetic properties is brought close enough to
a magnet it can also become magnetic and attract other magnetic materials
towards it thus making it a magnet. This process is called magnetic induction.
9: the group of particles from which a magnetic material is made make up tiny
regions called domains. Each domain behaves like a tiny magnet. If the domains
are not organized, they will not attract magnetic materials (it will still be
attracted to another magnet) however, if they are organized, they will become
magnetized thus acting as a miniature magnet.
9.5: Some materials such as steel are magnetically “hard” and once a domain has
been aligned on steel it will stay aligned. Other materials such as “iron” however
are magnetically “soft” and will randomize their alignment quite frequently thus
losing its magnetism.
10: The region around a magnet in which its powers stay in affect is known as the
“magnetic field”
11: The earth's core is made from iron and nickel and is separated into two parts.
The inner core made from solid metal and the outer core made from liquid metal.
When the two cores move it is believed that they make a magnetic field as if the
earth as a giant bar magnet inside of it

11.5: Earth spins on its axis which is an imaginary line that runs through the
center of the planet. The ends of these line are called the geographic north and
south pole and their positions are fixed. The magnetic north and south pole
however move slightly every single year. The magnetic north pole got its name
due to being aligned to the north of a bar magnet but in reality, it is the magnetic
south due to north being aligned to it (opposites attract). However, for most
purposes its incorrect name or the “old” name is what is used
12: the magnetic field of a magnet can be shown by putting it on a piece of card
and sprinkling iron fillings around it. Each iron filling has enough mass to move by
the magnetic force of the magnet if the paper is touched. The iron fillings then
line up making the magnetic field pattern.
12.5: To draw out the magnetic field of a magnetic you must get a plotting
compass, pencil and bar magnet. Then you put the compass on one side of the
magnets north pole. You then follow the compass’ line drawing dots at the tip of
each line and then finally connecting the lines to get a magnetic field line. After
you do one side you must do the other.
Video: Plotting Magnetic Field Lines GCSE Physics Required Practical
13: Probably the first use of the magnet in direction finding was done by Feng
Shui by the ancient Chinese. They used a device called the Luopan which
contained a magnet to find a south pointing direction. Then they read off a scale
around the magnet to decide on the final position of building foundations.
13.5: The first evidence of the magnet being studied scientifically for navigation
is found in the writings of Chinese scientist Shen Kuo. He experimented on
magnetic needles, described how magnets pointed north and south and how
other directions such as east or west could be found using a scale around the
magnet.

14: The knowledge of using magnetite for direction finding is believed to have
slowly passed to other countries as they traded with one another.

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