Topic 1 [64 marks]

1. [1 mark]
0.2 mol of sodium hydrogencarbonate is decomposed by heating until constant mass.
2 NaHCO3 (s) → Na2CO3 (s) + H2O (g) + CO2 (g)
How many moles of gas are produced?
A. 0.1
B. 0.2
C. 0.3
D. 0.4

Markscheme
B
2. [1 mark]
Which sample contains the fewest moles of HCl?
NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1.
Molar volume of an ideal gas at STP = 22.7 dm3 mol–1.

A. 10.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm–3 HCl (aq)

B. 6.02 × 1024 molecules of HCl (g)
C. 0.365 g of HCl (g)
D. 2.27 dm3 of HCl (g) at STP

Markscheme
A
3. [1 mark]
What is the molecular formula of a compound with an empirical formula of CHO 2 and a
relative molecular mass of 90?
A. CHO2
B. C2H2O4
C. C3H6O3
D. C4H10O2

Markscheme
B
4. [1 mark]
8.8 g of an oxide of nitrogen contains 3.2 g of oxygen. What is the empirical formula of the
compound?
A. N2O5
B. N2O
C. NO2
D. NO

Markscheme
B
5. [1 mark]
What is the concentration of chloride ions, in mol dm−3, in a solution formed by mixing 200
cm3 of 1 mol dm−3 HCl with 200 cm3 of 5 mol dm−3 NaCl?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 6

Markscheme
C
6. [1 mark]
30 g of an organic compound produces 44 g CO2 and 18 g H2O as the only combustion
products. Which of the following is the empirical formula for this compound?
Mr CO2 = 44 Mr H2O = 18
A. CH2
B. CH3
C. CHO
D. CH2O

Markscheme
D
7. [1 mark]
Which graph represents the relationship between the amount of gas, n, and the absolute
temperature, T, with all other variables in the ideal gas equation, PV = nRT, held constant?

Markscheme
B
8. [1 mark]
Which equation represents the deposition of iodine?
A. I2 (g) → I2 (l)
B. I2 (g) → I2 (s)
C. I2 (l) → I2 (g)
D. I2 (s) → I2 (g)

Markscheme
B
9. [1 mark]
What is the number of hydrogen atoms in 2.00 moles of Ca(HCO3)2?
Avogadro’s constant, L or NA: 6.02 × 1023 mol−1
A. 2.00
B. 4.00
C. 1.20 × 1024
D. 2.41 × 1024

Markscheme
D
10. [1 mark]
Which statement describes all homogeneous mixtures?

A. Any sample has the same ratio of the components.

B. The components are covalently bonded together.
C. The components cannot be easily separated.
D. The mixture needs a specific ratio of components to form.

Markscheme
A
11. [1 mark]
Which combination is correct?
Markscheme
B
12. [1 mark]
The two containers shown are connected by a valve. What is the total pressure after the
valve is opened and the two gas samples are allowed to mix at constant temperature?

A. 1.5 × 105 Pa
B. 2.3 × 105 Pa
C. 2.5 × 105 Pa
D. 5.0 × 105 Pa

Markscheme
B
13. [1 mark]
Which contains the most atoms of oxygen?
A. 64 g of O2
B. 1.2 × 1024 molecules of O2
C. 64 g of C3H5O3
D. 1.2 × 1024 molecules of C3H5O3

Markscheme
D
14. [1 mark]
What is the resulting concentration, in mol dm−3, when 1.0 cm3 of 0.500 mol dm−3 nitric
acid solution is diluted to 50.0 cm3 with water?
A. 0.002
B. 0.01
C. 0.04
D. 0.1

Markscheme
B
15. [1 mark]
What volume of oxygen, in dm3 at STP, is needed when 5.8 g of butane undergoes complete
combustion?
2C 4 H 10 ( g )+ 13O2 ( g ) →8 C O2 ( g ) +10 H 2 O ( l )

5.8
A. 2 × ×13 × 22.7
12.01× 4+ 1.01× 10
5.8 13
B. × × 22.7
12.01× 4+ 1.01× 10 2
5.8 2
C. × × 22.7
12.01× 4+ 1.01× 10 13
5.8 13 22.7
D. × ×
12.01× 4+ 1.01× 10 2 1000

Markscheme
B
16. [1 mark]
What is the coefficient of HCl (aq) when the equation is balanced using the smallest
possible whole numbers?
¿CuO (s )+¿ HCl(aq)→¿ CuCl2 (aq)+¿ H 2 O(l)

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Markscheme
B
17. [1 mark]
0.20 mol of magnesium is mixed with 0.10 mol of hydrochloric acid.
Mg (s)+2 HCl(aq)→ MgCl 2 (aq)+ H 2 (g)

Which is correct?

Markscheme
C
18. [1 mark]
Which amount, in mol, of sodium chloride is needed to make 250 cm 3 of 0.10 mol dm−3
solution?
A. 4.0 × 10−4
B. 0.025
C. 0.40
D. 25

Markscheme
B
19. [1 mark]
Which molecule has the same empirical formula as molecular formula?
A. CH3COOH
B. C2H5OH
C. C2H4
D. C4H10

Markscheme
B
20. [1 mark]
What is the sum of the coefficients when the equation is balanced with whole numbers?
__Sn(OH)4 (aq) + __NaOH (aq) → __Na2SnO3 (aq) + __H2O (l)
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7

Markscheme
D
21. [1 mark]
What is the molar mass, in g m o l− 1, of a compound if 0.200 m o l of the compound has a mass
of 13.2 g ?
A. 66.0

B. 66

C. 26.4

D. 26

Markscheme
A
22. [1 mark]
What is the number of carbon atoms in 12 g of ethanoic acid C H 3 C O O H , M r=60?
A. 0.20
B. 2.0
C. 1.2 ×1023

D. 2.4 × 1023

Markscheme
D
23. [1 mark]
Which of these molecular formulae are also empirical formulae?
I. C2 H6 O
II. C 2 H 4 O2
III. C 5 H 12

A. I and II only
B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

Markscheme
B
24. [1 mark]
Which volume of ethane gas, in c m3, will produce 40 c m3 of carbon dioxide gas when mixed
with 140 c m3 of oxygen gas, assuming the reaction goes to completion?
2C 2 H 6 ( g )+7 O2 ( g ) → 4 C O2 ( g )+ 6 H 2 O ( g )

A. 10

B. 20
C. 40

D. 80

Markscheme
B
25. [1 mark]
0.10 mol of hydrochloric acid is mixed with 0.10 mol of calcium carbonate.
2HCl (aq) + CaCO3 (s) → CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
Which is correct?

Markscheme
C
26. [1 mark]
What is the sum of the coefficients when the equation is balanced with whole numbers?
__MnO2 (s) + __HCl (aq) → __MnCl2 (aq) + __H2O (l) + __Cl2 (g)

A. 6

B. 7

C. 8
D. 9

Markscheme
D
27. [1 mark]
Which is correct?

A. Mixtures are either homogeneous or heterogeneous and their chemical properties are an
average of the individual component properties.
B. Mixtures are never heterogeneous and their chemical properties are an average of the
individual component properties.
C. Mixtures are either homogeneous or heterogeneous and the components retain their
individual chemical properties.
D. Mixtures are never homogeneous and the components retain their individual chemical
properties.

Markscheme
C
28. [1 mark]
Which contains the greatest number of moles of oxygen atoms?
A. 0.05 mol Mg(NO3)2

B. 0.05 mol C6H4(NO2)2

C. 0.1 mol H2O

D. 0.1 mol NO2

Markscheme
A
29. [1 mark]
Which diagram represents a heterogeneous mixture?
Markscheme
A
30. [1 mark]
What is the sum of the coefficients when the equation is balanced with the smallest whole
numbers?
__BaCl2 (aq) + __Fe2(SO4)3 (aq) → __FeCl3 (aq) + __BaSO4 (s)
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 9
Markscheme
D
31. [1 mark]
What is the empirical formula of a hydrocarbon with 75 % carbon and 25 % hydrogen by
mass?
A. C3H
B. CH2
C. C2H6
D. CH4

Markscheme
D
32. [1 mark]
Which graph would not show a linear relationship for a fixed mass of an ideal gas with all
other variables constant?
A. P against V
1
B. P against
V
C. P against T
D. V against T

Markscheme
A
33. [1 mark]
How many moles of magnesium hydroxide are produced with 0.50 mol of ammonia?
Mg3N2 (s) + 6H2O (l) → 3Mg(OH)2 (aq) + 2NH3 (aq)
A. 0.25
B. 0.33
C. 0.75
D. 1.5
Markscheme
C
34. [1 mark]
What is the sum of the integer coefficients when propene undergoes complete combustion?
__C3H6 (g) + __O2 (g) → __CO2 (g) + __H2O (l)
A. 11
B. 17
C. 21
D. 23

Markscheme
D
35. [1 mark]
What is the volume of gas when the pressure on 100 cm3 of gas is changed from 400 kPa to
200 kPa at constant temperature?
A. 50.0 cm3
B. 100 cm3
C. 200 cm3
D. 800 cm3

Markscheme
C
36. [1 mark]
What is the concentration, in mol dm−3, of 20.0 g of NaOH (Mr = 40.0) in 500.0 cm3?
A. 0.250
B. 0.500
C. 1.00
D. 4.00
Markscheme
C
37. [1 mark]
How many moles of FeS2 are required to produce 32 g of SO2? (Ar: S = 32, O = 16)
4FeS2 (s) + 11O2 (g) → 2Fe2O3 (s) + 8SO2 (g)

A. 0.25
B. 0.50
C. 1.0
D. 2.0

Markscheme
A
38. [1 mark]
The volume of a sample of gas measured at 27 °C is 10.0 dm3. What is the temperature
when the volume is reduced to 9.0 dm3 at the same pressure?

A. −3.0 °C
B. 24.3 °C
C. 29.7 °C
D. 57.0 °C

Markscheme
A
39. [1 mark]
16 g of bromine react with 5.2 g of metal, M, to form MBr2. What is the relative atomic mass
of the metal M? (Ar : Br = 80)

A. 13
B. 26
C. 52
D. 104

Markscheme
C
40. [1 mark]
An antacid tablet containing 0.50 g of NaHCO3 (Mr = 84) is dissolved in water to give a
volume of 250 cm3. What is the concentration, in mol dm−3, of HCO3− in this solution?

0.250 ×84
A.
0.50
0.50
B.
84 × 0.250
250× 84
C.
0.50
0.50
D.
84 ×250

Markscheme
B
41. [1 mark]
Which is a homogeneous mixture?
A. Oil and water
B. Sand and water
C. Ethanol and water
D. Chalk and sand

Markscheme
C
42. [1 mark]
What is the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon containing 84.6% carbon by mass with a
molar mass of 142.3 g mol−1?
A. C20H44
B. C11H10
C. C10H22
D. C5H11

Markscheme
C
43. [1 mark]
Which graph shows the relationship between the volume and pressure of a fixed mass of an
ideal gas?

Markscheme
A
44. [1 mark]
What is the percentage yield when 7 g of ethene produces 6 g of ethanol?
Mr(ethene) = 28 and Mr(ethanol) = 46
C2H4(g) + H2O(g) → C2H5OH(g)
6 ×7 ×100
A.
28× 46
6 ×46 × 100
B.
7 ×28
6 ×28
C.
7 ×46 × 100
6 ×28 ×100
D.
7 × 46

Markscheme
D
45. [1 mark]
What is the sum of the coefficients when the equation is balanced with the lowest whole
number ratio?
__Na2S2O3(aq) + __HCl(aq) → __S(s) + __SO2(g) + __NaCl(aq) + __H2O(l)
A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9

Markscheme
C
46. [1 mark]
What is the number of atoms of oxygen in 2.0 mol of hydrated sodium carbonate,
Na2CO3•10H2O? Avogadro’s constant, L or NA: 6.02 × 1023 mol–1
A. 6
B. 26
C. 3.6 × 1024
D. 1.6 × 1025
Markscheme
D
47. [1 mark]
What is the volume, in cm3, of the final solution if 100 cm3 of a solution containing 1.42 g of
sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, is diluted to the concentration of 0.020 mol dm–3?
Mr(Na2SO4) = 142
A. 50
B. 400
C. 500
D. 600

Markscheme
C
48. [1 mark]
What is the percentage yield when 2.0 g of ethene, C2H4, is formed from 5.0 g of ethanol,
C2H5OH?
Mr(ethene) = 28; Mr(ethanol) = 46
2.0 5.0
A. × × 100
28 46
2.0
28
B. × 100
5.0
46
28 5.0
C. × × 100
2.0 46
28
2.0
D. × 100
5.0
46

Markscheme
B
49. [1 mark]
Which electron transition emits energy of the longest wavelength?

Markscheme
A
50. [1 mark]
How many atoms of nitrogen are there in 0.50 mol of (NH4)2CO3?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3.01 × 1023
D. 6.02 × 1023

Markscheme
D
51. [1 mark]
What is the value of x when 32.2 g of Na2SO4•xH2O are heated leaving 14.2 g of
anhydrous Na2SO4? Mr(H2O) = 18; Mr(Na2SO4) = 142.
Na2SO4•xH2O (s) → Na2SO4 (s) + xH2O (g)
A. 0.1
B. 1
C. 5
D. 10

Markscheme
D
52. [1 mark]
How many grams of sodium azide, NaN3, are needed to produce 68.1 dm3 of N2 (g) at STP?
Molar volume at STP = 22.7 dm3 mol–1; Mr(NaN3) = 65.0
2NaN3 (s) → 3N2 (g) + 2Na (s)
A. 32.5
B. 65.0
C. 130.0
D. 195.0

Markscheme
C
53. [1 mark]
What is the sum of the coefficients when the following equation is balanced using the
smallest whole numbers?
__C6H12O6 (aq) → __C2H5OH (aq) + __CO2 (g)
A. 4
B. 5
C. 9
D. 10

Markscheme
B
54. [1 mark]
Which compound has the greatest percentage by mass of nitrogen atoms?
A. N2H4
B. NH3
C. N2O4
D. NaNO3

Markscheme
A
55. [1 mark]
Which statements about mixtures are correct?
I. The components may be elements∨compounds .
II . All components must be∈the same phase .
III . The components retain their individual properties .
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

Markscheme
B
56. [1 mark]
5.0 cm3 of 2.00 moldm–3 sodium carbonate solution, Na2CO3(aq), was added to a volumetric
flask and the volume was made up to 500 cm3 with water. What is the concentration, in mol
dm–3, of the solution?
A. 0.0050
B. 0.0040
C. 0.020
D. 0.010

Markscheme
C
57. [1 mark]
What is the expression for the volume of hydrogen gas, in dm3, produced at STP when 0.30
g of magnesium reacts with excess hydrochloric acid solution?
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Molar volume of an ideal gas at STP = 22.7 dm3 mol−1
0.30 ×2 ×22.7
A.
24.31
0.30 ×22.7
B.
24.31
 0.30 ×24.31
C.
22.7
0.30 ×22.7
D.
24.31 ×2

Markscheme
B
58. [1 mark]
What is the sum of the coefficients when the equation is balanced with whole numbers?

— 8 C H18(g) + —O2(g) → —CO(g) + —H2O(l)

A. 26.5
B. 30
C. 53
D. 61

Markscheme
C
59. [1 mark]
How many moles of oxygen atoms are there in 0.500 mol of hydrated iron(II) ammonium
sulfate, (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2•6H2O(s)?
A. 4.00
B. 7.00
C. 8.00
D. 14.00

Markscheme
B
60. [1 mark]
What is the maximum volume, in dm3, of CO2(g) produced when 1.00 g of CaCO3(s) reacts
with 20.0 cm3 of 2.00 moldm–3 HCl(aq)?
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
Molar volume of gas = 22.7 dm3 mol–1; Mr(CaCO3) = 100.00
 1 20.0 ×2.0
A. × ×22.7
2 1000
20.0× 2.0
B. × 22.7
1000
1.0
C. ×22.7
100.00
1.0
D. ×2 ×22.7
100.00

Markscheme
C
61. [1 mark]
Which factors affect the molar volume of an ideal gas?
I. Pressure
II . Temperature
III . Empirical formula
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

Markscheme
A
62. [1 mark]
Which volume, in cm3, of 0.20 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq) is needed to neutralize 0.050 mol of
H2S(g)?
H2S(g) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2S(aq) + 2H2O(l)
A. 0.25
B. 0.50
C. 250
D. 500

Markscheme
D
63. [1 mark]
The complete combustion of 15.0cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon X produces 60.0 cm3 of
carbon dioxide gas and 75.0 cm3 of water vapour. What is the molecular formula of X? (All
volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure.)
A. C4H6
B. C4H8
C. C4H10
D. C6H10

Markscheme
C
64. [1 mark]
5.0mol of Fe2O3(s) and 6.0mol of CO(g) react according to the equation below. What is the
limiting reactant and how many moles of the excess reactant remain unreacted?
Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO2(g)

Markscheme
B

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