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Taller 2 Corte

The document contains the steps to calculate the determinant, minors, cofactors, and inverse of three matrices (A, B, C). For each matrix, the determinant is first calculated. Then the minors, cofactors (which are the transposes of the minors), and inverse (if the determinant is non-zero) are determined. Matrix A has a non-zero determinant, so its inverse is also calculated.

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34 views

Taller 2 Corte

The document contains the steps to calculate the determinant, minors, cofactors, and inverse of three matrices (A, B, C). For each matrix, the determinant is first calculated. Then the minors, cofactors (which are the transposes of the minors), and inverse (if the determinant is non-zero) are determined. Matrix A has a non-zero determinant, so its inverse is also calculated.

Uploaded by

yimmia.linaresg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIRECCION DE CIENCIAS BASICAS

AREA CURRICULAR DE MATEMATICAS


Asignatura: ALGEBRA LINEAL Taller No 2 - Corte 2 Grupo:
Nombre estudiante:

Nombre estudiante:

1. Para las siguientes matrices:

• Calcule el determinante de la matriz.


1 2 −1
|𝐴| |1 1 1 |
1 0 1
|𝐴| = 1 |1 1| − 2 |1 1| + (−1) |1 1|
0 1 1 1 1 0
|𝐴| = 1(1 − 0) − 2(1 + 1) − 1(0 + 1)
|𝐴| = 1(1) − 2(2) − 1(−1)
|𝐴| =(1-4-(-1))
|𝐴| =2
3 4 5
|𝐵| |2 3 6 |
1 1 −1
|𝐵| = 3 |3 6 | − 4 |2 6 | + 5 |2 3|
1 −1 1 −1 1 1
|𝐵| = 3(−3 − 6) − 4(−2 + 6) − 5(2 + 3)
|𝐵| = 3(−9) − 4(4) − 5(5)
|𝐵| =(-27-16-25)
|𝐵| = 0
2 3 4
|𝐶| |5 2 6|
1 0 1
|𝐶| = 2 |2 6| − 3 |5 6| + 4 |5 2|
0 1 1 1 1 0
|𝐶| = 2(2 − 0) − 3(5 + 6) − 4(0 + 2)
|𝐶| = 2(2) − 3(11) − 4(2)
|𝐶| =(4-33-8)
|𝐶| = −1
• Calcule los menores de la matriz.
1 2 −1 1 2 −1 1 2 −1 1 0 −1
𝐴 = (1 1 1 ) (1 1 1 ) (1 1 1 ) = |2 2 −2|
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 3 2 −1
1 1
𝑀1,1 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 1) = (1 − 0) = 1
0 1
1 1
𝑀1,2 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 1) = (1 − 1) = 0
1 1
1 1
𝑀1,3 | | = (0 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 1) = (0 − 1) = −1
1 0
2 −1
𝑀2,1 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ −1) = (2 − 0) = 2
0 1
1 −1
𝑀2,2 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ −1) = (1 − −1) = 2
1 1
1 2
𝑀2,3 | | = (1 ∗ 2) − (1 ∗ 0) = (2 − 0) = 2
1 0
2 −1
𝑀3,1 | | = (1 ∗ −1) − (2 ∗ 1) = (2 − −1) = 3
1 1
1 −1
𝑀3,2 | | = (1 ∗ −1) − (1 ∗ 1) = (1 − −1) = 2
1 1
1 2
𝑀3,3 | | = (1 ∗ 2) − (1 ∗ 1) = (2 − 1) = −1
1 1

3 4 5 3 4 5 3 4 5 −9 −8 −1
𝐵 = (2 3 6 ) (2 3 6 ) (2 3 6 ) = |−9 −8 −1|
1 1 −1 1 1 −1 1 1 −1 9 8 1
3 6
𝑀1,1 | | = (3 ∗ −1) − (1 ∗ 6) = (−3 − 6) = −9
1 −1
2 6
𝑀1,2 | | = (2 ∗ −1) − (1 ∗ 6) = (−2 − 6) = −8
1 −1
2 3
𝑀1,3 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 3) = (2 − 3) = −1
1 1
4 5
𝑀2,1 | | = (4 ∗ −1) − (1 ∗ −5) = (−4 − 5) = −9
1 −1
3 5
𝑀2,2 | | = (3 ∗ −1) − (1 ∗ 5) = (−3 − 5) = −8
1 −1
3 4
𝑀2,3 | | = (3 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 4) = (3 − 4) =-1
1 1
4 5
𝑀3,1 | | = (4 ∗ 6) − (3 ∗ 5) = (24 − 15) = 9
3 6
3 5
𝑀3,2 | | = (3 ∗ 6) − (2 ∗ 5) = (18 − 10) = 8
2 6
3 4
𝑀3,3 | | = (3 ∗ 3) − (2 ∗ 4) = (9 − 8) =1
2 3
2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 −1 −2
𝐶 = (5 2 6) (5 2 6) (5 2 6) = | 3 −2 −3 |
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 10 −8 −11
2 6
𝑀1,1 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 6) = (2 − 0) = 2
0 1
5 6
𝑀1,2 | | = (5 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 6) = (5 − 6) =-1
1 1
5 2
𝑀1,3 | | = (5 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 2) = (0 − 2) =-2
1 0
3 4
𝑀2,1 | | = (3 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 4) = (3 − 0) =3
0 1
2 4
𝑀2,2 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 4) = (2 − 4) =-2
1 1
2 3
𝑀2,3 | | = (2 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 3) = (0 − 3) =-3
1 0
3 4
𝑀3,1 | | = (3 ∗ 6) − (5 ∗ 4) = (18 − 20) = 10
5 6
2 4
𝑀3,2 | | = (2 ∗ 6) − (5 ∗ 4) = (12 − 20) =-8
5 6
2 3
𝑀3,3 | | = (2 ∗ 2) − (5 ∗ 3) = (4 − 15) =-11
5 2

• Calcule la matriz de cofactores.


1 2 −1
|𝐴| |1 1 1|
1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
|𝐴| = 1 | |− 2| | + (−1) | |
0 1 1 1 1 0
|𝐴| = 1(1 − 0) − 2(1 + 1) − 1(0 + 1)
|𝐴| = 1(1) − 2(2) − 1(−1)
|𝐴| =(1-4-(-1))
|𝐴| =-2
3 4 5
|𝐵| |2 3 6 |
1 1 −1
3 6 2 6 2 3
|𝐵| = 3 | |− 4| |+ 5| |
1 −1 1 −1 1 1
|𝐵| = 3(−3 − 6) − 4(−2 + 6) − 5(2 + 3)
|𝐵| = 3(−9) − 4(4) − 5(5)
|𝐵| =(-27-16-25)
|𝐵| =-68
2 3 4
|𝐶| |5 2 6|
1 0 1
2 6 5 6 5 2
|𝐶| = 2 | |− 3| |+ 4| |
0 1 1 1 1 0
|𝐶| = 2(2 − 0) − 3(5 + 6) − 4(0 + 2)
|𝐶| = 2(2) − 3(11) − 4(2)
|𝐶| =(4-33-8)
|𝐶| =-37
• Calcule la matriz adjunta, la cual es la transpuesta de la matriz de cofactores.
1 2 −1 1 1 −1
𝐴 = (1 1 1 ) → 𝐴𝑡 = ( 2 1 1 )
1 0 1 −1 1 1

3 4 5 3 2 1
𝐵 = (2 3 6 ) → 𝐵𝑡 = (4 3 1)
1 1 −1 5 6 −1

2 3 4 2 5 1
𝐶 = (5 2 6) → 𝐶 𝑡 = (3 2 0)
1 0 1 4 6 1
• Si el determinante es diferente de 0, calcule la inversa de la matriz:

1 2 −1
𝐴 = (1 1 1)
1 0 1
1 1 −1
1 1 1
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = || 1 0 1 ||
1 2 −1
1 0 1
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = (1 + 0 + 2) − (2 + 0 +-1)

𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = 3 − 1
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = 2
1 2 −1 1 2 −1 1 2 −1
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = |1 1 1 | 𝑀2 |1 1 1 | 𝑀3 |1 1 1|
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

1 1
𝑀1,1 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 1) = (1 − 0) = 1
0 1
1 1
𝑀1,2 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 1) = (1 − 1) = 0
1 1
1 1
𝑀1,3 | | = (1 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 1) = (0 − 1) = −1
1 0
2 −1
𝑀2,1 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ −1) = (2 − 0) = 2
0 1
1 −1
𝑀2,2 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ −1) = (1 − −1) = 2
1 1
1 2
𝑀2,3 | | = (1 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 2) = (0 − 2) = −2
1 0
2 −1
𝑀3,1 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ −1) = (2 − −1) = 3
1 1
1 −1
𝑀3,2 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ −1) = (1 − −1) = 2
1 1
1 2
𝑀3,3 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 2) = (1 − 2) = −1
1 1
1 0 −1
|2 2 −2|
3 2 −1
1 0 −1
𝐴𝐷𝐽 |2 2 −2|
3 2 −1
(𝐴𝐷)𝑇
𝐴−1
𝐷𝐸𝐿 (𝐴)
1 0 −1
|2 2 −2|
𝐴−1 3 2 −1
2

1 0 −1
2 2 2
|2 2 −2|
|2 2 2| 1 −1
3 2 −1 0
𝐴−1 2 2 2 = |21 1
2
−1 |
2 | |
3 −1
1
2 2

3 4 5
𝐵 = (2 3 6)
1 1 −1
3 4 5
2 3 6
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐵) = || 1 1 −1 ||
3 4 5
2 3 6
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐵) = (−9 + 10 + 24) − (−8 + 18 + 15)

𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐵) = 25 − 25
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐵) = 0
2 3 4
𝐶 = (5 2 6)
1 0 1
2 3 4
5 2 6
𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = ||1 0 1||
2 3 4
5 2 6

𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = (4 + 0 + 18) − (15 + 0 + 8)

𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = 22 − 23
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = −1
2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = (5 2 6) 𝑀2 (5 2 6) 𝑀3 (5 2 6)
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

2 6
𝑀1,1 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 6) = (2 − 0) = 2
0 1
5 6
𝑀1,2 | | = (5 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 6) = (5 − 6) =-1
1 1
5 2
𝑀1,3 | | = (5 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 2) = (0 − 2) =-2
1 0
3 4
𝑀2,1 | | = (3 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 4) = (3 − 0) =3
0 1
2 4
𝑀2,2 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 4) = (2 − 4) =-2
1 1
2 3
𝑀2,3 | | = (2 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 3) = (0 − 3) =-3
1 0
3 4
𝑀3,1 | | = (3 ∗ 6) − (5 ∗ 4) = (18 − 20) = −2
5 6
2 4
𝑀3,2 | | = (2 ∗ 6) − (5 ∗ 4) = (12 − 20) =-8
5 6
2 3
𝑀3,3 | | = (2 ∗ 2) − (5 ∗ 3) = (4 − 15) =-11
5 2
2 −1 −2
| 3 −2 −3 |
−2 −8 −11

2 −1 −2
𝐴𝐷𝐽 | 3 −2 −3 |
−2 −8 −11

(𝐴𝐷)𝑇
𝐴−1
𝐷𝐸𝐿 (𝐶)
2 −1 −2
| 3 −2 −3 |
𝐴−1 −2 −8 −11
−1

2 −1 −2
−1 −1 −1
|3 −2 −3 |
|−1 −1 −1 |
−2 −8 −11 −2 1 2
−1 −1 −1 −1 = |−3 −2 3 |
𝐴
−1
2 8 11

• Halle una matriz X de tamaño 3 × 3 tal que AX = B.

1 1 −1
1 1 1
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = || 1 0 1 ||
1 2 −1
1 0 1
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = (1 + 0 + 2) − (2 + 0 +-1)
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = 3 − 1
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = 2
1 2 −1
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐴) = |1 1 1|
1 0 1

1 1
𝑀1,1 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 1) = (1 − 0) = 1
0 1
1 1
𝑀1,2 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 1) = (1 − 1) = 0
1 1
1 1
𝑀1,3 | | = (1 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 1) = (0 − 1) = −1
1 0
2 −1
𝑀2,1 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ −1) = (2 − 0) = 2
0 1
1 −1
𝑀2,2 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ −1) = (1 − −1) = 2
1 1
1 2
𝑀2,3 | | = (1 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 2) = (0 − 2) = −2
1 0
2 −1
𝑀3,1 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ −1) = (2 − −1) = 3
1 1
1 −1
𝑀3,2 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ −1) = (1 − −1) = 2
1 1
1 2
𝑀3,3 | | = (1 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 2) = (1 − 2) = −1
1 1
𝐶1,1 = (−1)2 ∗ 1
𝐶1,2 = (−1)3 ∗ 𝑂
𝐶1,3 = (−1)4 ∗ −1
𝐶2,1 = (−1)3 ∗ 2
𝐶2,2 = (−1)4 ∗ 2
𝐶2,3 = (−1)5 ∗ −2
𝐶3,1 = (−1)4 ∗ 3
𝐶3,2 = (−1)5 ∗ 2
𝐶3,3 = (−1)6 ∗ −1

1 0 −1
|2 2 −2|
3 2 −1
1 0 −1
𝐴𝐷𝐽 |2 2 −2|
3 2 −1
(𝐴𝐷)𝑇
𝐴−1
𝐷𝐸𝐿 (𝐴)
1 0 −1
|2 2 −2|
𝐴−1 3 2 −1
2

1 0 −1
2 2 2
|2 2 −2|
|2 2 2| 1 −1
3 2 −1 0
𝐴−1 2 2 2 = |2 2
|
2 |1 1 −1|
3 −1
1
2 2
3 4 5
𝐵 = (2 3 6)
1 1 −1
3 4 5
2 3 6
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐵) = || 1 1 −1 ||
3 4 5
2 3 6
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐵) = (−9 + 10 + 24) − (−8 + 18 + 15)

𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐵) = 25 − 25
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐵) = 0
2 3 4
𝐶 = (5 2 6)
1 0 1
2 3 4
5 2 6
𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = ||1 0 1||
2 3 4
5 2 6

𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = (4 + 0 + 18) − (15 + 0 + 8)

𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = 22 − 23
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = −1
2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4
𝐷𝐸𝑇(𝐶) = (5 2 6) 𝑀2 (5 2 6) 𝑀3 (5 2 6)
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

2 6
𝑀1,1 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 6) = (2 − 0) = 2
0 1
5 6
𝑀1,2 | | = (5 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 6) = (5 − 6) =-1
1 1
5 2
𝑀1,3 | | = (5 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 2) = (0 − 2) =-2
1 0
3 4
𝑀2,1 | | = (3 ∗ 1) − (0 ∗ 4) = (3 − 0) =3
0 1
2 4
𝑀2,2 | | = (2 ∗ 1) − (1 ∗ 4) = (2 − 4) =-2
1 1
2 3
𝑀2,3 | | = (2 ∗ 0) − (1 ∗ 3) = (0 − 3) =-3
1 0
3 4
𝑀3,1 | | = (3 ∗ 6) − (5 ∗ 4) = (18 − 20) = −2
5 6
2 4
𝑀3,2 | | = (2 ∗ 6) − (5 ∗ 4) = (12 − 20) =-8
5 6
2 3
𝑀3,3 | | = (2 ∗ 2) − (5 ∗ 3) = (4 − 15) =-11
5 2
𝐶1,1 = (−1)2 ∗ 2
𝐶1,2 = (−1)3 ∗ −1
𝐶1,3 = (−1)4 ∗ −2
𝐶2,1 = (−1)3 ∗ 3
𝐶2,2 = (−1)4 ∗ −2
𝐶2,3 = (−1)5 ∗ −3
𝐶3,1 = (−1)4 ∗ −2
𝐶3,2 = (−1)5 ∗ −8
𝐶3,3 = (−1)6 ∗ −11

2 −1 −2
| 3 −2 −3 |
−2 −8 −11

2 −1 −2
𝐴𝐷𝐽 | 3 −2 −3 |
−2 −8 −11

(𝐴𝐷)𝑇
𝐴−1
𝐷𝐸𝐿 (𝐶)
2 −1 −2
| 3 −2 −3 |
𝐴−1 −2 −8 −11
−1
2 −1 −2
−1 −1 −1
|3 −2 −3 |
|−1 −1 −1 |
−2 −8 −11 −2 1 2
−1 −1 −1 −1 = |−3 −2 3 |
𝐴
−1
2 8 11

2. Encuentre la solución, si existe, de los siguientes sistemas de ecuaciones lineales usando la


regla de Cramer.

𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 =𝑟
{ 𝑎= 𝑏= 𝑐= 𝑑= 𝑟= 𝑠=
𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 =𝑠
𝑎 𝑏
𝐷=| | = 𝑎. 𝑑 − 𝑐. 𝑏
𝑐 𝑑
𝑟 𝑏
𝐷𝑋 = | | = 𝑟. 𝑑 − 𝑠. 𝑏
𝑠 𝑑
𝑎 𝑟
𝐷𝑦 = | | = 𝑎. 𝑠 − 𝑐. 𝑟
𝑐 𝑠
𝐷𝑥
𝑥=
𝐷
𝐷𝑦
𝑦= 𝐷

𝑥 +2𝑦 = 10
{
5𝑥 +8𝑦 =4
𝑎= 1 𝑏=2 𝑐= 5 𝑑=8 𝑟 = 10 𝑠=4
1 2
𝐷=| | = 1.8 − 5.2
5 8
𝐷 = (1)(8) − (5)(2)
𝐷 = 8 − 10
𝐷 = −2
10 2
𝐷𝑋 = | | = 10.8 − 4.2
4 8
𝐷𝑋 = (10)(8) − (4)(2)
𝐷𝑋 = 80 − 8
𝐷𝑋 = 72
72
𝑥= = −36
−2
1 10
𝐷𝑦 = | | = 1.4 − 5.10
5 4
𝐷𝑦 = (1)(4) − (5)10

𝐷𝑦 = 4 − 50

𝐷𝑦 = −46
−46
𝑦= = 23
−2

𝑥 −2𝑦 +3𝑧 = 11
𝐵 = {4𝑥 +𝑦 −𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 −𝑦 +3𝑧 = 10
1 −2 3 11
(4 1 −1| 4 )
2 −1 3 10
𝐷 = 12
𝐷𝑋 = 34
𝐷𝑌 = 146
𝐷𝑍 = 80
𝐷𝑥 24
𝑥= = =2
𝐷 12
𝐷𝑦 −36
𝑦= 𝐷
= 12
= −3
𝐷𝑧 12
𝑧= 𝐷
= 12 = 1

1 −2 3
4 1 −1
𝐷 = || 2 −1 3 ||
1 −2 3
4 1 −1
𝐷 = (3 + −12 + 4) − (−24 + 1 + 6)
𝐷 = −5 − (−17)

𝐷 = 12
11 −2 3
4 1 −1
𝐷𝑋 = || 10 −1 3 ||
1 −2 3
4 1 −1
𝐷𝑋 = (33 + −12 + 20) − (−24 + 1 + 30)
𝐷𝑋 = 41 − 17
𝐷𝑋 = 24
1 11 3
4 4 −1
𝐷𝑦 = || 2 10 3 ||
1 11 3
4 4 −1
𝐷𝑦 = (12 + 120 + −22) − (132 + −10 + 24)

𝐷𝑦 = −36
1 2 11
4 1 4
𝐷𝑧 = || 2 −1 10 ||
1 −2 11
4 1 4
𝐷𝑧 = (10 + −44 + −16) − (−80 + −4 + 22)
𝐷𝑧 = 12
5𝑥 −4𝑦 +7𝑧 = 4
𝐶 = {4𝑥 −2𝑦 +3𝑧 = 9
𝑥 0 −2𝑧 = −3
5 −4 7 4
(4 −2 3 | 9 )
1 0 −2 −3
5 −4 7
4 −2 3
𝐷 = || 1 0 −2||
5 −4 7
4 −2 3
𝐷 = (20 + 0 + −12) − (32 + 0 + −14)
𝐷 = 10
4 −4 7
9 −2 3
𝐷𝑋 = || −3 0 −2||
4 −4 7
9 −2 3
𝐷𝑋 = (16 + 0 + 36) − (72 + 0 + 42)

𝐷𝑋 = 52 − 114
𝐷𝑋 = −62
5 4 7
4 9 3
𝐷𝑦 = || 1 −3 −2||
5 4 7
4 9 3
𝐷𝑦 = (−90 + −84 + 12) − (−32 + −45 + 63)

𝐷𝑦 = −162 − (−14)

𝐷𝑦 = −148

5 −4 4
4 −2 9
𝐷𝑧 = || 1 0 −3||
5 −4 4
4 −2 9
𝐷𝑧 = (30 + 0 + −36) − (48 + 0 + −8)
𝐷𝑧 = −46
𝐷 = −10
𝐷𝑋 = −62
𝐷𝑌 = −148
𝐷𝑍 = −46
𝐷𝑥 −62 31
𝑥= = =−
𝐷 −10 5
𝐷𝑦 −148 74
𝑦= 𝐷
= −10
=− 5
𝐷𝑧 −49 49
𝑧= 𝐷
= −10 = − 10

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