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Regime Theory

This document discusses Lacey's and Kennedy's theories of regime in open channel hydraulics. [1] Lacey's theory states that silt is kept in suspension by eddies along the entire wetted perimeter. It defines three regimes: true, initial, and final. [2] Kennedy's theory states that silt is supported by eddies rising from the bed. It uses the concept of critical velocity and relates silt carrying capacity to flow depth rather than hydraulic radius. The document provides procedures for designing channels based on each theory.

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62 views

Regime Theory

This document discusses Lacey's and Kennedy's theories of regime in open channel hydraulics. [1] Lacey's theory states that silt is kept in suspension by eddies along the entire wetted perimeter. It defines three regimes: true, initial, and final. [2] Kennedy's theory states that silt is supported by eddies rising from the bed. It uses the concept of critical velocity and relates silt carrying capacity to flow depth rather than hydraulic radius. The document provides procedures for designing channels based on each theory.

Uploaded by

hahanoobguy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UGNA2073 OPEN CHANNEL

HYDRAULICS

LACEY’S & KENNEDY’S


REGIME THEORY
Lacey’s Regime Theory
• Gerald Lacey – 1930
• According to Lacey, silt is kept in
suspension by the vertical component of
eddies generated at all points of forces
normal to the wetted perimeter.
• A channel is said to be in regime, if there is
neither silting nor scouring.

2
Lacey’s Regime Theory
• According to Lacey there may be three
regime conditions:
– True regime;
– Initial regime; and
– Final regime

3
True Regime
• A channel shall be in ‘true regime’ if the
following conditions are satisfied:
– Discharge is constant;
– Flow is uniform;
– Silt charge is constant i.e. the amount of silt is
constant;
– Silt grade is constant i.e. the type and size of
silt is always the same; and
– Channel is flowing through a material which
can be scoured as easily as it can be deposited
(such soil is known as incoherent alluvium),
4
and is of the same grade is transported.
True Regime
• In practical, all these conditions can never
be satisfied. And therefore artificial channel
can never be in true regime; they can either
be in initial regime or final regime.

5
Initial Regime
• Bed slope of a channel varies;
• Cross section or wetted perimeter remains
unaffected.

6
Final Regime
• All the variables such as perimeter, depth,
slope, etc are equally free to vary and
achieve permanent stability.
• In such a channel;
– The courser the silt, the flatter is the semi
ellipse;
– The finer the silt, the more nearly section
attains a semi circle.

7
Lacey’s Equation

8
Lacey’s Equation

9
Lacey’s Channel Design
Procedure

10
Lacey’s Channel Design
Procedure
𝑃− 𝑃2 −6.944𝐴
3) 𝐷 = & 𝐵 = 𝑃 − 5D
3.742
4) Compute wetted perimeter, 𝑃 = 4.75 𝑄
𝑓5/3
5) 𝑆 =
3340 6 𝑄

11
Example 1
Example 2

The slope of an irrigation channel is 0.2 per


thousand. Lacey’s silt factor = 1.0, channel
side slope = 0.5:1. Find the full supply
discharge and dimensions of the channel.
Example 3
Kennedy’s Silt Theory
• According to Kennedy, silt supporting
power in a channel cross section was mainly
dependent upon the generation of the eddies
rising to the surface.
• The vertical component of eddies try to
move the sediment up while weight of the
sediment tries to bring it down.

15
Kennedy’s Silt Theory
• If the velocity is sufficient to generate
eddies so as to keep the sediment just in
suspension, silting will be avoided based on
the concept critical velocity.
• The silt supporting power is proportional to
the bed width (and not the wetted
perimeter);
• Kennedy selected the relevant parameter as
the depth of flow D (and not the hydraulic
16
radius R) for the critical velocity.
Kennedy’s Channel Design
Procedure

17
Kennedy’s Channel Design
Procedure

• Generally, discharge Q, Manning’s


coefficient n and the C.V.R (m) are given or
assumed. Still there are 4 unknowns,
namely A, V, R and S. Since there are only
3 equations and 4 unknowns. Either bed
slope or B/D ration is assumed.

18
Kennedy’s Procedure when Bed
Slope is given

19
Kennedy’s Procedure when Bed
Slope is given

20
Kennedy’s Procedure when B/D is
given

21
Kennedy’s Procedure when B/D is
given

22
Kennedy’s Theory Lacey’s Theory

1. It state that the silt carried by the 1. It states that the silt carried by the
following water is kept in suspension by following water is kept in suspension by
the vertical component of eddies which the vertical component of eddies which
are generated from the bed of the channel are generated from the entire wetted
perimeter of the channel.

2. Relation between V & D 2. Relation between V & R

3. Critical velocity ratio ‘m’ is introduced 3. Silt factor ‘f’ is introduced to make the
to make the equation applicable to equation applicable to different channels
different channels with different silt grade with different silt grade.
4. Kutter’s equation is used for finding the 4. This theory gives an equation for
mean velocity. finding the mean velocity.
5. This theory gives no equation for bed 5. This theory gives an equation for bed
slope slope.
6. In this theory, the design is based on 6. This theory does not involve trial and
trial and error method. error method.

4/10/2023 23

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