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Unit-5 Risks and Ethics of AI

The document discusses several topics related to artificial intelligence including: 1) The definition and types of artificial intelligence including technical AI focused on automating tasks and general AI aimed at creating intelligent agents. 2) The ethical issues around using AI for surveillance and behavior manipulation by targeting individuals. 3) The importance of AI for enabling human capabilities like reasoning and perception to be done effectively by software. 4) The risks of AI including job loss, privacy violations, bias in algorithms, and weapons automation.

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51 views12 pages

Unit-5 Risks and Ethics of AI

The document discusses several topics related to artificial intelligence including: 1) The definition and types of artificial intelligence including technical AI focused on automating tasks and general AI aimed at creating intelligent agents. 2) The ethical issues around using AI for surveillance and behavior manipulation by targeting individuals. 3) The importance of AI for enabling human capabilities like reasoning and perception to be done effectively by software. 4) The risks of AI including job loss, privacy violations, bias in algorithms, and weapons automation.

Uploaded by

chodisettivenkatesh1
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AGENDA

The Ethics and Risks of Developing


Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
• The notion of “artificial intelligence” (AI) is understood broadly as any kind of artificial computational
system that shows intelligent behaviour, i.e., complex behaviour that is conducive to reaching goals. In
particular, we do not wish to restrict “intelligence” to what would require intelligence if done
by humans, as Minsky had suggested (1985).

• This means we incorporate a range of machines, including those in “technical AI”, that show only limited
abilities in learning or reasoning but excel at the automation of particular tasks, as well as machines in
“general AI” that aim to create a generally intelligent agent.
Behaviour of Artificial Intelligence

• The ethical issues of AI in surveillance go beyond the mere accumulation of data and direction of
attention: They include the use of information to manipulate behaviour, online and offline, in a
way that undermines autonomous rational choice.

• Of course, efforts to manipulate behaviour are ancient, but they may gain a new quality when
they use AI systems. Given users intense interaction with data systems and the deep knowledge
about individuals this provides, they are vulnerable to “nudges”, manipulation, and deception.

• With sufficient prior data, algorithms can be used to target individuals or small groups with just
the kind of input that is likely to influence these particular individuals
Why artificial intelligence is important?
• AI technology is important because it enables human capabilities – understanding, reasoning,
planning, communication and perception – to be undertaken by software increasingly effectively,
efficiently and at low cost.

• General analytical tasks, including finding patterns in data, that have been performed by software
for many years can also be performed more effectively using AI. The automation of these abilities
creates new opportunities in most business sectors and consumer applications.

• Significant new products, services and capabilities enabled by AI include autonomous vehicles,
automated medical diagnosis, voice input for human-computer interaction, intelligent agents,
automated data synthesis and enhanced decision-making.
Risks of Artificial Intelligence
Risks of Artificial Intelligence

•Automation-spurred job loss.

•Privacy violations.

•'Deepfakes

•Algorithmic bias caused by bad data.

•Socioeconomic inequality.

•Market volatility.

•Weapons automatization.
What are the disadvantages of AI?
• HIGH COST OF IMPLEMENTATION. Setting up AI-based machines, computers, etc. ...

• CAN'T REPLACE HUMANS. It is beyond any doubt that machines perform much more efficiently as compared to
a human being. ...

• DOESN'T IMPROVE WITH EXPERIENCE. ...

• LACKS CREATIVITY. ...

• RISK OF UNEMPLOYMENT.
Companies Differentiated By AI
What are ethics in AI?
1) AI ethics is a system of moral principles and techniques intended to inform the development and
responsible use of artificial intelligence technology. As AI has become integral to products and
services, organizations are starting to develop AI codes of ethics.
What are ethics in AI?
2) An AI code of ethics, also called an AI value platform, is a policy statement that formally defines
the role of artificial intelligence as it applies to the continued development of the human race. The
purpose of an AI code of ethics is to provide stakeholders with guidance when faced with an
ethical decision regarding the use of artificial intelligence.
What are ethics in AI?
3) Isaac Asimov, the science fiction writer, foresaw the potential dangers of autonomous AI agents
long before their development and created The Three Laws of Robotics as a means of limiting
those risks. In Asimov's code of ethics, the first law forbids robots from actively harming humans
or allowing harm to come to humans by refusing to act. The second law orders robots to obey
humans unless the orders are not in accordance with the first law. The third law orders robots to
protect themselves insofar as doing so is in accordance with the first two laws.
What are ethics in AI?
4) The rapid advancement of AI in the past five to 10 years has spurred groups of experts to develop
safeguards for protecting against the risk of AI to humans. One such group is the nonprofit institute
founded by MIT cosmologist Max Tegmark, Skype co-founder Jaan Tallinn and DeepMind research
scientist Victoria Krakovna. The institute worked with AI researchers and developers as well as
scholars from many disciplines to create the 23 guidelines now referred to as the Asilomar AI
Principles.
What are ethics in AI?

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