Eileen Flannigan Friends 4 bf OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESSOXFORD Great Clarendon Stet. Oxford ox2 6D (Oxford University Press department of the Universi efarthers theives jective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in oxford New York [Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi ‘Kala umpar Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi ‘New Delhi Shanghai Tape! Toronto ‘With ofees in “Argentina Austria Bran Chile Ceech Repubic France Gresce Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portal Singapore South Korea Swsitzeand Thlland Turkey Usraine Views ‘oxvoxD and oxsoxp ENCLISH are rexistered trade marks of (Oxford University Pressin the UK and in certain oder owners (© Osford University Press 2010 ‘The mora rights ofthe author have been asered Database right Oxford University Press maker) Fist published 20:0 oxy 2012 018 2010 98765432 ‘No unauthorized photocopying ‘Allright reserved No part ofthis puttcanion may he repeoced. ore in aretneval sytem oe tansmmea my form ct By 259 ERNS. ‘without the prio permission in wraing of Oxted Univers Pres. ther addresses are proves by Ontos Unversity Pres for information only, (Oxford Univers Press cia an responsibilty forthe content sen: 978039. «780032 Seadenrs Bo sex: grBorsartess Pack) Printed i China ‘sation yf Tnontyie Pogo Ariss Agency (characters) and JS StudioBcehive emranceContents Starter After school 1 We're having ice cream! 2 Aschool play 3 Wesawa shark! Review, 4 Ourcamping trip 5 Wehave to hurry! 6 The best holiday! Review? 7 Willwe be famous? 8 Lots of fun! 9 A football match Review3 10 I've done my homework 11 Aspecial adventure 12. We should play outside Review 4 13 Helping others 14 Happy memories 15. We were having fun! ReviewS Grammar reference Irregular verbs Like + -ing; can ond can't; a, an and some; be going to The present simple and continuous ‘Adverbs of frequency ‘The past simple (1): be, have and regular verbs Past time expressions The past simple (2): irregular verbs Possessive pronouns Adverbs Have to The imperative Why and because Comparative and superlative adjectives WilLand won't Future time expressions ‘Much, many, lots of and a lot of Some and any The infinitive of purpose How often...? and adverbs of time The present perfect (1) The present perfect (2): ever and never Should and shouldn't Could and couldn't Object pronouns Relative pronouns: who and which The past continuous Dates and was born ‘On and in The past simple and continuous There, they're ond thei R 16 20 22 26 30 36 eR 50 58 62 64 68 n 6 8 80Like + -ing; id ty iSielgitam After school # ageleerettc gong 13 What do you like doing after school? (1 like playing ) ( basketball. We use like + -ing to talk about things that we always like to do. What do you like doing at the weekend? 1 like going swimming. 2 Remember we don't repeat like +-ing in short answers. J Does Charlie like skateboarding? Yes, he does. 1 Write sentences and questions. Use like + -ing. 1. Beth / like / play tennis 2. I/like / play tennis Beth likes playing tennis 3. my friends / like / watch films 4. they /like / cook /? 5 Sam / not like / play the piano 6 she / like / play the guitar 7 you /like / surf /? 8 Tedand Theo / not like / fish 4 StarterCan | go to the café with Toby? We use can and can’t + base form to talk about permission. Can and can’t don't change. We use can in questions and can or can’t when we give or refuse permission Can we play on the computer? Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. Write questions and short answers. Use can and can’t and a verb from the box. _go stay go do play buy use watch make visit I/the park x Can I go to the park? No, you can't we / football ¥ they /theTV ¥ he / skateboarding x I/anew coat ¥ she / with Sally x they /the computer X I/acake ¥ she / Grandma ¥ 10 we /our homework later X worvauneuna Starter 5A, an and some We'd like some ice cream, please. We use a or an before countable nouns and some before uncountable nouns and plurals. acat anorange somewater some oranges We use would Like ('d like) to talk or ask about what we want. It is ~ a polite expression that we often use in shops, cafés and restaurants. © ‘1d like a cup of coffee, please. 3 Complete the sentences. Write 'd like and a, an or some. (what would you lke?) 1 7) 2 | I'd like some we ubergines, please. | lemon, please. F 3 I 4! we glass of milk, please. rice, please. be 5 { we ni orange, please. | bananas, please. 7 i >) o 1 5 (we \ apple, please. 7 fruit, please. & \ a S 6 StarterI'm going to go skateboarding now. Are you going to come with me? I'm going to listen to my MP3 player. Molly isn’t going to play with her friends today. * Are you going to do your homework this evening? i We use be going to + base form to say what we are planning to do. + Look at the table. Write questions and short answers. 1 Mum and Dad visit friends x 2 Harriet 7 play football with friends 7 3 Dad clean the car v 4 we watch a DVD v 5 Grandmaand Grandpa havea picnic x 6 Marion write to her cousin v 7 Lily and Amy go to the cinema x 1 Are Mum and Dad going t friends? No, they are 2 3 4 5 6 7 StarterThe present simple We're having ice cream! gece arenuees eet usually have cake, but Y é PA We use the present simple to talk about habits and things that are always true. Leo goes to the café after school. Giraffes are very tall. ” We use the present continuous to talk about what we are doing now. Holly's upstairs. She’s doing her homework. I’m making dinner at the moment. See page 78 for formation of the -ing form. 1 Complete the sentences. Use the present simple or the present continuous. 1 Lookat that boy! He's running (run) really fast! 2. Tanyaand her sister (stay) with us today. 3. You can't play on the computer. Dad (use) it. 4 Usually, our teachers (not give) us much homework. 5 It (be) my birthday today. 6 Leo (listen) to the radio. 71 (watk) to school every day 8 Carla (like) salad but she (not eat) it in winter. 9 Mum (talk) on the phone right now.Adverbs of frequency We use adverbs of frequency with the present simple to talk about how often we do things. never rarely sometimes usually always 0% 100% Adverbs of frequency go before most verbs, but after the verb be. We usually sit here. They are always late. We don't use adverbs of frequency with the present continuous. 2 Write the words in the correct order. Use short forms when possible. 1 never / go / on Saturdays /1/ to school I never go to school on Saturdays. 2 the teachers / late / are / never always / Dad / for a long time / looks at the menu 4 Jack /his meal / finishes / always 5. isn’t / the meal / usually / very expensive 6 rarely / goto / we / our local café 7 1/hungry / after football practice / usually / am Unitl 93 Look at the table. Write sentences. Use the present simple and the present continuous. Use usually and today. Usually Today 1 the waitress / wear /a red uniform she / wear /a blue uniform 2 Molly / have / some bread she / have / a bowl of soup 3. Harry / drink / milk he / drink / orange juice 4 Charlie and Molly / eat / pasta they / eat / salad 5 we /sit / by the window we / sit /in the corner 6 Toby /come /with us Toby / not be / here 7 Dad / pay / the bill Mum / pay / the bill 8 we/walk /to the café we / go / by car / to the café The waitress usually wears a red uniform, but today she’s wearing a blue uniform. ONaAneWwna | | | | | 4 Complete the sentences. Use the present simple or the present continuous of the verbs in brackets. 1 Tusually (go) swimming on Saturdays. 2 Amy (send) an email to Holly at the moment. 3 People in China never (eat) with a knife and fork. 4 The waitress always (bring) the bill immediately. 5 Jamie’s on the phone. He (talk) to Eric right now. 6 We sometimes (play) football after school. 71 (do) my homework right now. 8 You rarely (make) me a birthday cake. 9 They always (eat) breakfast. 10 Today Sidney (run) in a race. 10 Unit15 Look and write. Use the present simple or the present continuous of eat and the words in the box. pasta” rice cake noodles some fruit his toy Amy's mum and dad / sometimes Amy's mum and dad sometimes eat pasta, Caroline / right now people in India / often & dparjinedery before lunch 1 z 3 4 $: the baby Jane / today a Write the words in the correct order. Use the present simple or the present continuous. 1 atthe moment / cook / my mum / dinner My mum's cooking dinner at the moment. 2 eat /a lot of fruit / Molly / always 3. 1/have a shower / sometimes / after school 4 Harry / wear / the wrong trousers / today 5 the bill / bring / the waiter / at the moment 6 bring /the bill / the waiter / after the meal / usually Unit]The past simple (1): be, have and regular verbs A school play Past time expressions ona i be, have and regular verbs were a lot of people at the play. They had a great Charlie acted very well and the audience clapped. a Aan When we form the past simple, we add -ed or -d to most regular verbs. Here are some more rules: Verb Example Change Past simple Negative ends vowel+ stop double the last stopped didn’t stop consonant consonant +-ed ends consonant tidy Sy(t ied tidied didn’t tidy +y irregularverbs be was/were wasn’t/weren’t have had didn’t have In questions we change the word order. Did Molly act in the play? Be is different. Were you excited? Was the play good? 1 Circle the correct answer. 1 3 5 7 2 There(was)/ were a piano on the stage. 2) We were / was excited about the concert. 4 Was / Were you at home? Leo and Seb wasn’t / weren't at the concert. Unit 2 6 8 Ethan's voice weren’t / wasn’t very loud. Why was / were Anna and Kate tired? All our friends were / was in the audience. What was / were the name of the play?2 Complete Harry’s diary. Write was, were or had, we!_had a school . 7 play this weet. Charlie Everyone? __ ig in it and programme about th Molly played the piano, and our friends and family her friends Suzy and : ___ in the 4 8 audience. Last week, we recorders. It - $ a. concert very good, but Molly, Suzy at school. Mum and Dad and Jane” : there, out all very tired at end our friends® 3 Complete the sentences and questions. Use the past simple of be or have. Phil’s very happy because the exam wasn’t very difficult. I'm very hungry. I breakfast. Louise cake at the café? The people in the audience a great time. _ten yesterday. you at Emily's birthday party? My grandparents rich, They lived in a very small house. I a baby when we moved to London. the film good? Did you Like it? 10 The homework hard. We all got good marks. 1 2 3 4 5 He 6 7 8 9 Complete the text. Use the past simple of the verbs in brackets. It'__was (be) George's birthday party on Friday. We ; ~ (have) « great time. George? (invite) alt his friends and everyone * (enjoy) it. The lights (sparkle), we * (listen) to music and Be (dance) all evening. We and * (play) games. 1° (clap) when George ® (open) his presents. We all” (tidy) up when the party ee. (end) and1” (not want) to go home! Unit 2{ I've got a lot to tell you. There was a school play last Saturday and two weeks ago | played in a concert. ‘@__ We use these expressions to talk about when something happened in the past: 1 last + night / Friday /week/ month/year — I watched a good film last Saturday. ago after a period of time We went to London three years ago. yesterday + morning / afternoon /evening emailed her yesterday evening. Time expressions can go at the beginning or end of a sentence. Iplayed in a concert last week. Last week, I played in a concert. 5 Tick (/) the correct sentences. 1 Last week, Jane had a party. 2. Ago two weeks it was my birthday. (_) Jane had a party week Last. (_} Two weeks ago it was my birthday. (_} 3. Frank's birthday was yesterday. (_) 4 We had yesterday a big party. (_) Yesterday Frank's birthday was. (_) We had a big party yesterday. (_} w o Tina had dinner evening yesterday. (_} 6 We played tennis ago two hours. (_) Tina had dinner yesterday evening. (_) We played tennis two hours ago. (_) Iphoned you a Friday ago. (_} Thad an exam last afternoon. (_} Iphoned you last Friday. (_} © 7 Thad an exam yesterday afternoon. (_) 16 Unit26 Complete the sentences. Use the verb in brackets and a time expression from the box. Then rewrite each sentence with the time expression at the end. Today is Saturday 15th November. LastSaturday Last month Yesterday evening Last Monday Yesterday _—_Last Thursday >) 4 (sede Last Saturday Clare played _ (play) tennis. sth Clare played tennis last Saturday November 2 ,it (be) my birthday. (& ; ; 3 | thursday Jason (play) badminton with Henry. Bth November 4 Monday aT (tidy) my room. 10th 5 swe (watch) a play at the theatre 6 oat , Dad (phone) Roger. “ Look at the things that happened in exercise 6. Write when they happened. Use time expressions with ago and the words from the box. Remember, today is Saturday 15th November. It is 9 a.m. -oneweek" fourteen hours twodays fivedays amonth aday 1 one week ago 2 3 4 5 6 Unit2 35bs We sawa shark! The past simple (2): irregular verbs We didn’t swim Many common verbs have an irregular past simple form in the affirmative. You already know was/were and had. Here are some others: Verb buy eat“ fly = go.~—shear += make see__think Past simple bought ate flew went heard made saw thought For most regular and irregular verbs, we form the past simple negative with didn’t + base form. See page 80 for a list of irregular verbs. We didn’t look at the postcards. Amy didn’t go to the museum. Remember that the third person form of the past simple doesn’t change in the affirmative or negative. The exception is the verb be (was, were, wasn’t, weren’t). 1 Match 1-8 with the word endings to make irregular past simple verbs. 1 _heard he ught 2 at ard 3 ma w 4 sa nt 5 fl ght 6 thou de 7 we 2 8 bo ew 16 Unit 3nv & Write the past simple of the verbs in the box into the correct list. -ask- have hear live hate wait go eat # Regular asked { Irregular ae = Circle the correct verb form. We eated /ata)lunch very early. Eric saw / seen a robot at the exhibition. Holly heard / heared the music. Jasper and Ryan buyed / bought a sandwich. I went / goed to school yesterday. Jamie make / made breakfast this morning. The birds flew / flied away. The scientist thinked / thought about the question. eV anawn a Look at exercise 3. Write negative sentences. We didn’t eat lunch very early eVaneauwna Complete the text. Use the past simple of the verb in brackets. OllyandI' went (go) to a lovely old village last weekend It? (not be) very far away. We? (buy) some cheese, bread and fruit, and we * (think) about having a picnic near the river. We * (not have) very much water. Olly * (see) a shop but it” (be) closed. We (eat) our food and® (fall asleep) under the trees. Unit 317We form past simple questions in the same way for most regular and irregular verbs. We use did + I/you/he/she/it/ we/you/they + base form. Did you buy any souvenirs? Did Amy have breakfast this morning? We can use a question word before did, such as what, who, where, when or which. What did you see at the seaside? We can use which and what with a noun, Which museum did you go to? 7 : 5 We form past simple short We learnt about sharks. answers in the same way for most regular and irregular verbs. Did you enjoy the trip? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 6 Write the words in the correct order to make questions. 1 you /eat / did / what What did you eat? 2. Henry and Andy / where / have Lunch / did 3. why / Max / buy / did /ten postcards 4 the money / where / did / find / they 5 you/learn / did / about rocks and plants / what 6 you/did / hear / when / the good news 7 which /the class / go to / did / part of the coast 18 Unit37 Look at the pictures. Write questions and short answers. Sally / buy / a postcard Did Sally buy a postcard? Yes, she did. they / have lunch / in a café Mum and Dad / go / to a concert the children / hear / a funny story Poppy / find / anything interesting Unit3 19Review 1 Units 1-3 1 Circle the correct verb form. 1. The waitresses wear /(are wearing)new uniforms. Theo has /’s having ice cream today, 1’m Looking / look out of the window at the moment. Hurry up! The café closes /’s closing now. How often is your family coming / does your family come here? Look at that bird! What does it do /is it doing? It doesn’t snow / isn’t snowing in summer. Mandy ’s washing / washes her hair right now. eV aunnRwn 2. Write sentences. Use the adverb in brackets. 1 Icycle to school. (usually) 2. They sit by the door. (always) 3 Dora's hungry at 5 o'clock. (sometimes) 4 Beth goes shopping during the week. (never) 5 Grandpa and Grandma are at home on Sundays. (usually) 6 I’mlate for school. (never) 3 Complete the text. Use the past simple of the verbs in brackets. Last Saturday, we! had (have) a party to celebrate the end of term. Charlie, Harry and 1” (invite) all our friends. There? (be) Lots of people there. Many of them 4 (arrive) with some food or drink. My friend Gemma _________ (play) the piano. Everyone® (have) so much fun. We? _ (be) very happy because the holidays were starting. 20 = Review 14 Tick (/) the correct sentences. 2. The concert was last year good. (_) We arrived ago three days. (_} The concert was good last year. (_) 1 We arrived three days ago. 3 Diana rang me evening yesterday. (_) 4 Twoweeks ago, Ivisited Zoe. (_] Diana rang me yesterday evening. (_} two weeks ago, visited Zoe. (_} 5 Night last, it rained. (_} 6 Yesterday, we had a party. (_) Last night, it rained. (_} We had a yesterday party. (_) 5 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple of the verbs in brackets. 1 Emma saw __ (see) dinosaurs at the museum. She didn’t see _ (not see) fish. 2 They (eat) outside. They (not eat) inside. 3. Sidney and I (go) to school. We (not go) to the swimming pool 4 The girls (buy) cheese. They (not buy) fruit. 51 (hear) a cat. I (not hear) a dog. 6 Seb (make) Lunch today. He (not make) breakfast 6 Look at exercise 5. Write past simple questions and answers. 1 Emma /see / dinosaurs Did Emma see dinosaurs? Yes, she did. 2 where / they / eat Where did they eat? They ate outside. 3. Sidney and I /go /to the swimming pool 4 the girls / buy / fruit 5 what / you / hear 6 what /Seb / make Review 1 21possess! wy .. Our camping trip oeeesene Pacers a e Goo We use possessive adjectives : c before nouns to say who something This isn't my rucksack. Is it yours? belongs to. Is this your rucksack? We use possessive pronouns instead of nouns to talk about possession. Is this yours? Possessive adjectives my your his her its our your their Possessive pronouns mine yours his No, it isn’t mine. hers its We often use possessive pronouns in answer to the question whose.... is this/that? or ours 4 whose ... are these/those? yours Whose jacket is this? It’s his. theirs Whose maps are those? They're mine. 1 Tick (V) the correct sentence. 1 That's my water bottle. 2. Isthis yours? (_} That's mine water bottle. (_] Isthis your? (_} There are ours DVDs. (_) 4. Thisisn’t my uniform. 1t’s her's. (_) There are our DvDs. (_} This isn't my uniform. It’s hers. (_} Is this their ball? No, itisn't theirs. (_) 6 Don’t take that comic. It's his's. _] Is this their ball? No, itisn’t their. (_] Don’t take that comic. It’s his. (_) Look at their new car. _) 8 No, that isn’t her rucksack. It’s mine. (_] Look at theirs new car. (_} No, that isn’t hers, It’s mine rucksack. (_) Unit 42 Replace the underlined words with a possessive pronoun. This isn’t my trumpet. _ mine This is my water bottle. Where is your water bottle? I've got my uniform. Where is his uniform? I’ve got my recorder, but I haven't got her recorder. Whose CDs are these? They're Gary and Tom's CDs. Those rackets aren’t mine and Leo's. The ice creams are for you and Billy. They're nice instruments. Are they Anna and Zoe's? eYanawna 3 Circle the correct answer. That's ours /(@ur favourite toy. The little dog is her / hers. This T-shirt is your / yours. Some of the sweets are his / his’s. Those rucksacks are their / theirs. The ice cream is my / mine. Is this CD yours / your? The DVD player is ours / our. eYanawna 4 Complete the sentences. Use possessive pronouns. Mum and Dad have got a trophy. The trophy is theirs Leo's got a football. The football is You and I have got a guitar. The guitar is Katie’s got a plant. The plant is _ You've got some trainers. The trainers are Zoe and Kim have got a Ladder. The Ladder is We've got a water bottle. The water bottle is T’ve got a rucksack. The rucksack is @eUNaneawn a Unit4 23Look at the pictures. Circle the correct answer. Is it you / your football? The MP3 player’s hers / her. 24 Unit 4We're going to have a game of football. Please put your trainers on quickly. ‘We've got some good players on our ) team, so we're going to play well We use adjectives to describe nouns (things). We use adverbs to describe verbs (actions). { Adjective Example Change Adverbs. * most adjectives slow +-ly slowly endsconsonant+-y healthy >y+-ily healthily Some abverbs are irregular. Good changes to well and fast becomes fast. We put adverbs at the end of a sentence, or after a verb. Compare with adjectives. Adjective _He is a slow runner. She is a fast walker. Adverb He runs slowly. She walks fast. 6 Change the adjectives into adverbs. 7 Circle the correct answer. 1 quick quickly 1 That car is very slowly / Ww) 2 fast 2 You played really good / well 3 nice 3 They played happily / happy together. 4 happy 4. We always eat healthy / healthily food 5 good 5 Why does Fin always talk loud / loudly? 6 healthy 6 That team can't run very quick / quickly 8 Write sentences. Use adverbs and the verb in brackets. wri 1 Molly is a loud singer. (sing) Molly sings loudly 2. Jack and Leo are good tennis players. (play) 3 I'ma fast runner. (run) 4 Milly eats healthy meals. (eat) 5 Some animals are very slow. (move) 6 The sunis very bright today. (shine) 7 Isabelle has a nice voice. (talk) Unit4 25Have to ww. have to hurry! Why she Bene Have to and the imperative Ihave to you have to he has to she has to we have to you have to they have to We use have to + base form when we talk about something that we must do. It's late. We have to leave now. We often use have to when we give directions to someone. You have to go left at the traffic lights. The past simple form is had to + base form. They had to go over the bridge. When giving directions, we often use the imperative. This is a more direct form of giving an instruction than have to. Turn left. Go over the bridge. You have to go straight on for the Science Museum. turn left 3B. We often use at when we talk about where we have to turn or stop. ‘ya. Stop at the traffic lights. Go straight on at the roundabout. 1 Look at the list of jobs. Write sentences with the correct form of have to. 1 2 3 4 5 6 26 Jamie h Unit 5S help Dad in the garden | 2 3 4 5 6 Jamie / help Dad in the garden Bob and Paul / wash the car Amy / make lunch you and I / go shopping 1 / do my homework you / clean the kitchen2 Complete the conversation. Use have to and the verb in brackets. Anna — Excuse me. Where's the cinema? Mrlee You' have to go (go) straight on for 200 metres. Then, you? (turn) left. At the roundabout, you 2 (turn) right. Anna _— OK, thanks. Mr Lee No, wait. You * (go) over the railway Line. Anna Yes, Iknowit. The cinema's by the petrol station. Mrlee No, you® (go) past the petrol station. The cinema's another 500 metres. 3 Look at the map. Give directions from the school to the Science Museum. Use have to and the words from the box. gostraighton goover turnleft turnright —_gostraight on From the school, you '_have to go straight on_. Then you” at the bank. After that, you the bridge. Then you at the traffic lights. Finally, you at the roundabout. The Science Museum is the big white building. . Look at exercise 3. Write about the journey in the past. Use I had to. First, I had to go straight on Then, After that, Then, Finally, wewna UnitS 275 Change the instructions into the imperative. You have to go straight on. Go straight on, You have to turn Left at the roundabout. You have to go back to the city centre. You have to go over the railway line. it 2 3 4 You have to turn right at the traffic lights 5 6 You have to go straight on at the roundabout. {why areyou {Because the museum \ closes at three o'clock. } = sh worried Charlie? h mm I) al an LY ‘i izi= 1); ite We use because when we explain a reason or cause. Why are you late? Because there was a lot of traffic. ” Why do you eat so quickly? Because I’m always hungry! 6 Match 1-8 with a-h. { Why are you waiting here? Why is Tara so tired today? Why do you like books? Why do you find exams easy? Why are you so happy? Why is the museum closed? Why do you eat pizza so often? Why are we lost? eyvaunawna 28 Unit 5 zene ance i We use why when we want to ask about a reason or cause. Because I study hard Because it’s my birthday tomorrow. Because it’s Wednesday. Because you didn’t bring a map! Because it’s my favourite food. Because I'm going to meet Alice here. Because I enjoy reading. Because she didn’t sleep well last night.7 Write the words in the correct order to make questions. 1 why / hungry / are / you Why are you hungry? 2. England / so green / why /is 3. drive /do/ you /'so fast / why 4. Harriet /is / why / crying 5. did / get / why / we /lost 6 score /a Lot of / does / Frank / goals / why 7. enjoy / you and Jason / why / camping / do 8 arrive / at the concert / Late / Penny and Tina / did / why 9° why / Cara /tired / is / always Look at exercise 7. Write answers. Use Because, a pronoun and the words from the box. notleave home ontime gotobedlate go the wrong way beinahurry like being outside beagood player itrainalotthere besad Because I didn’t eat breakfast. Unit 5 29Es The best holiday! seep Comparative adjectives a ~ To make comparative adjectives, we normally add -er or -r. This table is cheaper than that table. It’s nicer than those over there. For adjectives ending in consonant +-y, we delete -y and add ier. William is funny but Eric is funnier than William. For adjectives with two or more syllables, we put more before the adjective. These new chairs are more comfortable than the old chairs. The opposite of more is less. We use Less in the same way as more. This sofa is less comfortable than that sofa. The two most common adjectives that have irregular comparatives are good and bad. Ryan is good at football, but Olly is better than Ryan. Ryan is worse at football. 1 Change the adjectives into comparative adjectives. 1 3 5 7 white — whiter 2. happy comfortable 4 soft expensive 6 modern big 8 tall Unit 62 Look at the pictures and write sentences. Use the comparative adjectives from exercise 1 in the same order. B is whiter than A. _ Unit6 31.3. Look at the table. Complete the sentences. Use comparative adjectives and less. Tall __| Intelligent | Happy | 1 Theois taller than Alice. Theo (1155m 2vv 3V 2 Theois Olly. Alice | 4150 VW 3 Theois Alice. Colly 148m eat Aber Olly. eer ~ S Ollyis Alice. 6 Ollyis : Alice. Superlative adjectives $a. To make superlative adjectives, we i normally add -est or -st. For adjectives with two or more syllables, we put * the most before the adjective. I like French and Geography, but History is the most interesting subject. The opposite of the most is the least. We use the least in the same way as the most. All the lamps are expensive, but this one is the least expensive. The two most common adjectives that have irregular superlatives are good and bad. Olly is the best at football. Ryan is the worst at football. 4 Write superlative adjectives. Adjective Comparative 1 nice nicer 2. hungry hungrier 3 interesting —_-more interesting 4 bright brighter 5 important more important 6 comfortable — more comfortable 7 cold colder 8 beautiful more beautiful 32 Unit 6 because you have to climb more stairs! Superlative the nicest5 Circle the correct answer. wCaununeunoe Lily got the(worst) worse mark in maths. She's most intelligent / the most intelligent girl in the class. The most important / The importantest thing to remember is someone’s name. Which subject is the least / the less difficult? You must come with us. It’s the best / goodest market in the world! That is worst / the worst idea I can think of. That film was the Least funny / least funniest. Tlike these shoes. They're the more comfortable / most comfortable. Andy's a nicest / the nicest person in the class! 10 My Grandpa's the oldest / most old person in our family. 6 Look at Molly’s school report. Complete the text. Use comparative and superlative adjectives, less and the Least. School Report Name: Motly Jones French G9% Maths 40% English 33% Geography 62% History 46% Science 54% Art 4% Molly is very good at history. In fact, she’s '_ the best (good) in the class. In English, she got ; (high) mark in the class. It isn’t surprising that Molly is * (good) in the class at English. She reads a Lot of English stories. She likes maths the least, so it isn’t surprising that she got * (low) marks in that subject. The subject that she is? (happy) about is art. She likes art a lot, so she was sad when she saw her mark. When she discovered that her marks for science were : (bad) than most other subjects, she didn’t want to tell her parents! Unit6 33Units 4-6 Is this our umbrella? 2 Complete the sentences. Make adverbs with words from the box. fast- careful heavy good quiet bad loud They were late. They ran fast I'm very pleased. I played football We got wet. It was raining ___ The ice was dangerous. We walked People were asleep. We talked ; He got a low mark for his homework. He did it We could hear her from the next room. She sang NawnRwna w Complete the dialogue. Use the verb in brackets and have to, had to or an imperative. “Are you looking for the cinema? You have to turn ___ (turn) Left here. 2 gig oe (go) straight on, then® (turn) right. You * (go) over the bridge. It isn’t easy to find. r __ (ask) someone when I first moved here!” 34 Review 24 Write the words in the correct order. Use why or because. 1 you /are/here / waiting /? Why are you waiting here? 2. didn’t /amap/we/have 3. is /happy / Judy /? 4 angry / are / Mum and Dad /? 5 we/did / get lost /? 6 her /it’s / birthday 5 Look at the tables. Complete the sentences. Use comparative adjectives, including less. expensive | | comfortable interesting good/bad lredcarpet. SS |_—s2 trainers 3history || 4Sebcan swim £20 per square metre vf [<4 400 metres 5 blue carpet | high-heeled | 7maths | 8Leocanswim10 _ £40 per square metre | shoes / v | [metres _ 1. The red carpet is less expensive than the blue carpet. 2. The trainers are ae tu the high-heeled shoes. 3 History is maths. 4 Inswimming, Seb is Leo. 5 The blue carpet is the red carpet 6 The high-heeled shoes are the trainers. 7 Maths is __ history. 8 Inswimming, Leo is Seb. 6 Look at the tables. Complete the sentences. Use superlative adjectives, including least. tall comfortable old good Hotel Albert V/V vd wv Hotel Charles / 3VVS v 4/ Hotel Victoria. // W/ SVAv vf 1 Hotel Albert is the tallest 2 Hotel Albert is 3 Hotel Charles is 4 Hotel Charles is 5 Hotel Victoria is Review 2 35= Will we be famous? In the future, I'll be rich and ll have a fast car. Affirmative = will or’UL+ base form. It will be warmer. We'll travel by rocket. 4 We use will and won't to talk about the future. Yes, we'll be famous and we won't have to do homework! Will and won't Future time expressions We often use the contracted form ’U after pronouns like I and you, and after there. We'll eat better food. There'll be more pollution. We make negatives with won't + base form. People won’t have big cars. Money won’t be important. We make questions with will + subject + base form. Will the test be easy? Yes, it will. / No, it won’t. The forms will, *tLand won’t A don't change. 1 Look at the notes about Harry's life in the future. Write sentences with ‘Ll or won't and be, have or Live. 1 Age? 26 1 He 2 Married? Yes 2 Me 3 Nationality of wife? French 3 He 4 Children? No 4 He 5 Job? No, student at a French university 5 He 6 Address? 5 Rue du Marché, Paris 6 He 7 House or flat? Flat 7 He 36 © Unit7 26. married. a French wife. children. ajob. in England ina flat.2 Look at the notes. Write sentences about Charlie’s life in the future. Use will and won't. 1 I / drive / 0 fast cor 4 I / have to 7 go to school X 3 my dad / have to / work 4 there / be / cartoons / on TV all the time H 5 I / taxe / my friends / to the moon / 6 there / be / any pollution X 7 robots / do / all the boring wor ¥ 8 people / travel / by plane X 9 towns and cities / be / safe W 10 I / have to pay for / anything x Tl drive a fast car worvanawn a Look at exercise 2. Write questions and short answers. Will I drive a fast car? Yes, I will. worvaneuwno Unit? 37Future time expressions We often use time expressions when we talk about the future. Here are some common future time expressions: ) next week next month next year next Tuesday next July this evening this afternoon this week this year ‘on Monday tomorrow ina week's time inamonth's time ina year's time When we talk about more than one day, week, month or year, we write the apostrophe after the noun. in two months’ time _in.a few years’ time To talk about something that will happen in the very near future, we use soon. Will you write soon? To talk about something that will happen on the same day, after a short time, we use Later. Jane will be here later. 4 Today is Saturday 10th January at 10 o'clock. Match 1-8 with a—h. i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 c_ 10th February a_ this year Wednesday 14th January b soon Sunday 11th January in three months' time Saturday 17th January d_ next month 30th November e tomorrow 3 p.m. today f this afternoon in ten minutes’ time g next Wednesday in April h next week Unit 75 Look at Molly's diary and write sentences. Use time expressions from the box. It is Friday 11th February at 9.55 a.m, onSunday tomorrow Later fiveminutes'timé Saturday This evening Soon Friday 11th February Morning 10.00 do the shopping Afternoon ring Tina Evening tidy the house 1 T'lldothe shopping in five minutes’ time 2. I'll make the cake on 3 ,T'lLring Tina. 4 The second thing I'll do Saturday 12th February Morning make cake Afternoon prepare the food have a shower Evening 6.30 the party starts! Sunday 13th February all day! is prepare the food. 5 after that, I'll have a shower. 6 , I'l tidy the house. 7 Tilrest all day 6 Look at exercise 5. Complete the sentences with will or won't and on or-. 1 Molly won't dothe shopping on Saturday, 2 Molly ring Tina this afternoon. 3 Molly rest all day Friday. 4 Molly prepare the food tomorrow. 5 Molly have a shower later. 6 Molly tidy the house Sunday. 7 Molly have a shower Saturday. Unit7 39Much, many, lots of and a lot of ES Lots of fun! Some and any Eee raekt We use much, many, lots of and a lot of when we talk about quantity. We use much with uncountable nouns in negative sentences and questions. + We haven't got much time. Have you got much homework? We use many with plural countable nouns in negative sentences and questions. I didn’t visit many museums. Did you buy many souvenirs? We can use much and many in the expressions how much ...? and how many ...? These expressions are often followed by a noun. How much food did you bring? How many tourists were there? We use a Lot of and Lots of with uncountable and plural countable nouns, in affirmative and negative sentences, and in questions. We haven't got a lot of time. Has Tom got lots of sweets? 1 Complete the sentences. Write much or many. ON AnRWN A 40 Thaven't got much _ time. Did you bring luggage? There aren't passengers on the plane. We don’t need to buy food. We won't have to take money with us. Have you got suitcases? There aren't newspapers in the shop. Ican't see hotels. Unit 82 Complete the sentences. Use words from the box. lot lots much many lotof many alot Naununa Ella’s got a lot of books. There aren’t sandwiches. He hasn't got time. That shop’s amazing. They've got Look! There are a toys! We didn’t buy of food. Have you got coins? of magazines. 3 Look at the list. Write questions. Use how much and how many. 1 2 3 4 5 6 ? Clare - oranges and apples Partin ~ lemonade (2. litres) George - bread (lots) Tara - 500g cheese Fred - caxes (6) Carrie - water (1 big bottle Henry - dates (half a Kilo) How many oranges and apples will Clare bring? will Martin bring? will George bring? will Tara bring? Ltt LAFeRTEY 10 a will Fred bring? will Carrie bring? will Henry bring? 4 Look at exercise 3. Write answers with Lots of or a lot of. (lots of) Clare will bring lots of oranges and apples Naunwna (alot of (lots of) (a lot of (alot of) (lots of) (a Lot of Unit 8 4aSome and any Have you got No, but we've got some t bottles of water. We use some with uncountable and plural countable nouns in affirmative sentences. I've got some fruit. She's got some bottles of water. \ We use any with uncountable and plural countable nouns in negative sentences and in questions. The shop hasn't got any soap. Have you got any coins? 5 Complete the sentences. Write some or any. 1 Idlike some _ icecream. 2. There aren't flights until tomorrow. 3 There are of the people from our plane. 4 Amy hasn't brought sun cream. 5 Isthere information about our flight? 6 I've got cheese here. Are you hungry? 7 There won't be shops near the hotel. 8 Did you buy souvenirs? 9 She hasn’t got luggage. 10 Mum didn’t buy bananas yesterday. 42 Unit 86 Complete the conversation. Use some, any, How much and How many. Mrs Lane Good afternoon. Have you got ' any, bananas? Assistant Yes, certainly.” would you like? Mrs Lane Five, but I haven't got * money. I've got four pounds. Assistant That's OK. They aren't very expensive. Mrs Lane Yes, but I need * cheese as well. Assistant Here you are. Mrs Lane * is that? Assistant That's three pounds, please. Mrs Lane Here you are. Assistant Thanks. ° money have you got now? One pound? Would you like to buy” of our lovely grapes? Mrs Lane Yes, please. I love grapes. Assistant You're Lucky. We don’t usually have * left at this time of day Mrs Lane I'll bring more money next time! 7 Tick () the correct sentences. The shop on the ferry has got a lot of comics. (F) the shop on the ferry has got a lot comics. 2 () There were many children in the gift shop. (F there were lots of children in the gift shop. 3 (_) How much of money have you got? (FD How much money have you got? 4) Are there many people in the café? OC) are there a Lot people in the café? 5 [) We haven't got some ice cream. C) we haven't got any ice cream. 6 () there isn’t much information about the ferry C There isn’t some information about the ferry. 7 OC) tar't carry many luggage. OC) rean’t carry any luggage. Unit8 43| The infinitive of purpose BF a t001 football match — towoten. ? and adverbs of time Gatniee nu We went to the stadium to watch the match. We use to + base form after an action to say why we did the action. She went upstairs to get her coat. Dad switched on the TV to watch the news. 1 Match 1-10 with a-j. Write sentences. Use to. We saved all our money Theo went into Sidney's bedroom 10 Mum only watches TV film his family play a computer game get some more water 1 Edward switched on the camcorder a see the adverts 2. Andy and Max went upstairs b pay for the tickets 3. Mum put on her best dress ¢ take on holiday 4 Sue took the glass into the kitchen d_ play atrick on him 5 Dad turned up the radio e goto the party 6 They bought a new suitcase f listen to the news 7 People use a remote control g change TV channels 8 h 9 h_ _Edward switched on the camcorder to film his family 4&4 Unit 9How oftei Colao Mels Ngee We use how often...? to ask someone how frequently they do something. | How often do you eat in a restaurant? How often do you go to football matches? To talk about how frequently we do things, we can use the expression once/twice/ three times a + day/week/month/year. Teat ina restaurant about once a month Sally goes on holiday twice a year. We also use every + hour/afternoon/ day/Tuesday/week/month/year. Iget up at 7 o'clock every day. We play basketball every Friday. = We play basketball on Fridays. go l=enetime once ‘ twotimes twice ¥ 3=three times Not very often. we go about 4=fourtimes three times a year. 4 Rewrite these expressions. Use every, once, twice or three times. 1 On Mondays, Tuesdays and Fridays three times_aweek 2. On Saturdays and Sundays weekend 3 At10a.m.and2 p.m. aday 4 In January, May and October ayear 5 Onthe first Friday of every June year 6 On Sundays Sunday 7 At10 o'clock every day aday 8 Every Tuesday and Thursday a week 9 On my birthday year 10 Every day before breakfast morning 46 Unit 92 w Complete the sentences. Use verbs from the blue box, nouns from the red box and to. climb play” carry take switch on travel to listen to know buy make film open pictures music games people and places foodand clothes thetime holiday things awall adoor theTV themoon the news We can useacomputer to play games We use a camera We use a rocket __ epee ae We use a suitcase We use a clock We use money We use a remote control We can use a radio We use instruments 10 We use a camcorder 11 We use a key 12 Weuse a ladder worn auawna Write the words in the correct order to make sentences and questions. 1. upstairs / tidy / to / her room / Molly / went Molly went upstairs to tidy her room. 2. Dad /to the petrol station / some petrol / went / get / to 3. go/can/to the zoo / the animals / to / we / see /? 4 tothe hospital / get / to / he / turned left 5 some dolphins / we / the zoo / to / see / visited 6 people / write / the alphabet / to / words / use walked / watch / to the park / Katie / the fireworks / to 8. the food / make / Mum /to / bought / a picnic Unit9 = 455 Look at the table about Libby. True or false? Write T or F. | acti How often? | 1 gotothehairdresser’s _1st Saturday of each month 2 walk to school “once a week | 3 do the housework | in the mornings jsdoshe be met i liday in March and August 5 Grandma on Sundays 6 have a picnic _ Ast Sunday in June, July and August 7 gets presents on her birthday Libby goes to the hairdresser's once a month. _T Libby walks to school every day. Libby does the housework every day. Libby goes on holiday twice a year. Libby visits her Grandma every weekend. Libby has a picnic four times a year. Libby gets presents every year. Naununa 6 Write questions with How often. Then write the answers with once, twice or three times, 1 Henry / visit his grandparents How often does Henry visit his grandparents? three times / year Henry visits his grandparents three times a year. 2. Mandy / watch a documentary on Saturdays 3 Clare / argue with someone 2times / year 4 Max/watch a film on Tuesdays and Thursdays 5 Fin / go swimming 1time / week 6 Zak/visit his grandparents 3 times / week Unit9 47[eg Review 3 Units 7-2 1 Rewrite the sentences and questions. Use will or won't. 1 We don’t travel by hologram. 2. There are flights to the moon. We won't travel by hologram. 3 Ihave more money to spend. 4 Children don’t eat unhealthy food. 5 Do people goon holiday every year? 6 We don’t have to work. 7 Are there robots in every home? 8 There isn’t any pollution. 2 Complete the text. Use future time expressions from the box. ater onThursday tomorrow this Friday in 24 hours’ time next week Monday go shopping Tuesday meet Alice and Jason Thave to go shopping’ later __, because Bui theca we're going to need lots of food. Alice and Jason are jf Wednesday arriving * tomorrow . I can't believe they’Ll be Thursday visit the town museum here? Jason loves museums, so I've decided we're going to visit the town museum Friday have a party Alice wants to see the countryside, sataden so we're going on a picnic? . And of course, we'll have a party for them ® Z Sunday 3 Circle the correct answer. Monday ge on picnic Have you got(many)/ much suitcases? Don't worry. We've got much of / Lots of time. Do we need many / much food? There are a lot of / many newspapers over there. How much / How many money is one dollar? How many / How much bread have we got? Thaven't got a lot of / Lots orange juice. We need to get much / lots of ice cream for the party. ery anawna 48 Review 34 Complete the sentences. Use some or any. Mum needs some _ shampoo. 2. Wait a minute. Td like to buy chocolates for Sue. 3 Ican'tsee shop assistants. 4 They haven't got biscuits. 5 Would you like ice cream? 5 Match 1-7 with a-g. C__ My Dad listens to classical music He bought a new tent We went to town Bobby and Max went to the aquarium Mum switched on the radio She used the computer Ineed a new school bag ‘to do her homework. to see the dolphins. to relax. to buy some new clothes. to put my books in. to listen to some music. to take on holiday. Naunuwna ene an oe 6 Write the words in the correct order to make sentences and questions. 1 often / you / how / late for school / are /? How often are you late for school? 2. my family /a/ goes / on holiday / twice / year 3 day/ football practice /I/ every / have 4. visit / often / you / do / your grandparents / how /? 5 Aunt Lucy / year /a/stays / with us / three / times 6 go/we/a/ year /on holiday / twice 7 day / cleans / Mum /the house /a/ once 8 I/with Charlie / swimming / Friday / go / every 9 gym/the / six / my sister / visits / week / times / a Review 3 4910, I've done my homework the present perfect Gen cat ieee eats 50 We haven't finished the game! It’s 1-1. We must score one more goal to win! Affirmative T/you/we/you/they have finished he/she/it has finished We use the present perfect to talk about something that happened very recently. T’ve sent you a message. We've finished our homework. We also use the present perfect to talk about an action in the past that is still true now. It’s very clean in here Yes, Amy's tidied up! We normally use the short form, especially in conversation. Change the base forms into past participles. make mace 2. play put 4 go finish 6 have say 8 throw Unit 10 Short form Negative "ve finished haven't finished ’s finished hasn’t finished We form the present perfect with has or have + past participle. In many cases, the past participle (finished) is the same as the past simple form. However, many verbs have irregular past participle forms, e.g. do + done, have — had. There is a list at the back of this book on page 80.2 Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect and a verb from the box. _sait’ tidy do write catch make throw win 1 That boat's sailec_ allaround the world. 2 Amy her bed. 3 Judy and Carrie theirrooms. 4 We our homework 5 Harry and Olly abig fish. 6 You the wrong address. 7.40 my ball into your garden. 8 My friends the match 3 Look at exercise 2. Write negative verbs. Use short forms. hasn't sailed 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 Look at the pictures. Write sentences. Use the verbs from the box. _not put make return print notturnon finish Lewis hasn't put his toys away. " coseeea William the computer. dinner. Tina her bed. Mum from the shops. Unit 10 51.cant ns and short answers We form present perfect questions with have/has + subject + past participle. In affirmative short answers, we always use the full form. Has Fin tidied up? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't. 5 Look at the sentences. Write questions. Use the present perfect. 1 I’ve looked at your diary. 2 jour diary? We've logged on to the computer. 4 You've turned off the printer. 6 Mum and Dad's tickets have arrived. 8 Gary's hurt his leg. 10 Unit 10 Cara's seen the Eiffel Tower. They've searched the Internet. The match has started. You and Tim have won the trophy, I’ve attached a photo of my house.6 Look at the picture. Write questions. Use the present perfect. Molly / use / a Lot of books Has Molly used a lot of books? ‘Molly / switch off / the computer Molly / tidy / her bedroom Molly / finish / her homework Molly / make / her bed Molly /eat / the apple Molly / close / the curtains Molly / put / her books away 7 Look at exercise 6. Write short answers. 1 3 5 7 Yes, she has. eaan Unit10 53s The present perfect (2) ep A special adventure ever and never Tend cea ec Where's the coldest place We use the question form of the present perfect + ever to ask about a person’s life experience. The word ever means ‘in your life up to now’. We can respond using short answers. Have Mum and Dad ever sailed a yacht? No, they haven't. Has Tom ever brought home a dangerous insect? Yes, he has. The past participle of the verbs be and go isthe same. be Olly was on TV last week. Have you ever been on TV? go Jamie has travelled a lot. Has he ever been to the desert? you've lived? Have you ever lived in the mountains? Yes, | have. ) 1 Write the words in the correct order to make questions. 1 54 lived / ever/ you / village /a/ have /in Have you ever lived in a village? your / a volcano / have / seen / ever/ grandparents has / Tim / met /a diver / ever ocean / sailed / across /I/ an / ever / have a child / ever / Mount Everest / has / climbed you / been / have / to / ever / Australia it / ever / snowed / has / July /in had / have / English / ever / an / you / penfriend Unit 112. Look at the table. Write questions and short answers. Use ever. findany |beina | meetafamous | rescued | gotoa | climba | money ‘big storm explorer anyone | rainforest _ volcano You |1X lv 2x 3v x av fea |v [sx x Bx 3 Write short answers. 1 Have Jake and Bella ever seen atiger? x No, they haven't 2 Have you ever visited America? / 3 Have we ever had ice cream at 7.a.m.? X 4 Has Ethan ever gone to school by taxi? x __ 5 Have you ever travelled abroad? ¥ 6 Has Grandpa ever been ina cave? / 7 Have Mum and Dad ever seen a lifeboat? x 8 Have Tever spent a week inatent? ¥ 4 Complete the text. Use the verbs in brackets and ever. 1 _Have you —ever been (go) to England? Yes, I 2 your team (win) a trophy? Yes, my team (win) lots of trophies. 3 Gary (ride) a bike? No, he . 4 Ted and Lewis (go) to an oasis? No, they 5 I (meet) your brother? No, you Unit11 55