HOMEWORK 1

Vince Hero P. Añana

BSEE 1-A
CFAP 2023-24
 DIGITAL COMPUTER
Timeline of historical invention/s

1 1946 - ENIAC
Built by Mauchly and Eckert during World War II, the ENIAC
(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the
first general-purpose electronic digital computer. It was
the most potent calculator ever created and a ground-
breaking piece of equipment in its day. It was made
especially for calculating figures for artillery range tables.

1949 - EDVAC 2

The EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic

Computer), unlike its predecessor, was a pioneering
stored-program computer, marked a shift from decimal to
binary arithmetic. Its ultrasonic memory held 1,024 44-bit
words. It was built by the Moore School of Electrical
Engineering in Pennsylvania.

3 1951 - UNIVAC
The UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer), a line of
electronic digital stored-program computers, was the first
commercially produced electronic digital computer in the
United States, designed for general-purpose tasks like
addition, subtraction, multiplication, programmed division,
and automatic checking.

1952 - IBM 701 4

The IBM 701 Electronic Data Processing Machine,

developed by Haddad and Rochester, was IBM's first
commercial scientific computer and first series production
mainframe, primarily used for scientific and engineering
calculations, significantly impacting early computing
research and development.

1st Generation of Digital Cmptr.

The first digital computers used vacuum tubes as the basic components for logic circuits and
memory. They were very large, expensive, and consumed a lot of power. --- (1940-1956).
 5 1959 - IBM 1401
The IBM 1401, a variable-wordlength decimal computer,
revolutionized computing by making it affordable and
accessible to medium-sized businesses and research
institutions, and being one of the first to use transistors
instead of vacuum tubes.

1959 - IBM 1620 6

IBM introduced the 1620 Electronic Data Processing

Machine, a transistorized computer, in 1959. It was
marketed as an affordable scientific computer and was
among the first commercially successful computers
created especially for scientific and engineering
applications.

7 1960 - DEC PDP-1

The DEC PDP-1 (Programmed Data Processor-1), the first
computer in Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP series,
was produced in 1960 and is considered one of the most
influential computers of its era, known for its interactive
nature and impact on hacker culture.

2nd Generation of Digital Cmptr.

The second generation of digital computers replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, which were smaller, cheaper, and more
reliable. They also introduced magnetic core memory, which improved the speed and capacity of data storage --- (1956-1963).

1964 - CDC 6600 8

The CDC 6600 (Control Data Corporation 6600),

manufactured by Control Data Corporation in 1964, was
the first commercially successful supercomputer,
outperforming the IBM 7030 Stretch by a factor of three.
This was designed for scientific work and research.

9 1964 - IBM SaCystem/360

The IBM System/360 was a groundbreaking mainframe
computer family designed for commercial and scientific
applications, offering various models with different
processing power and memory capacities, ensuring it met
diverse needs across a range of applications from small
to large.
 1965 - DEC PDP-8 10

The DEC PDP-8, a 12-bit minicomputer produced by Digital

Equipment Corporation (DEC) in 1965, was the first
commercially successful model, selling over 50,000 units
during its lifetime. It was utilized in scientific research,
engineering, and business applications.

3rd Generation of Digital Cmptr.

The third generation of digital computers utilized integrated circuits (ICs), combining numerous transistors on a
single chip, reducing size and cost while enhancing performance and functionality. Operating systems enabled
simultaneous program running on the same machine (1964-1971).

11 1977 - Apple II
The Apple II was an early personal computer created by
Apple Inc. It was a successful mass-produced
microcomputer, playing a significant role in the early
development of the personal computer industry.

1981 - IBM PC 12

The IBM Personal Computer, also known as the IBM PC, the
first microcomputer designed and marketed by IBM, is
considered the father of modern personal computers and
sets the standard for compatible architecture.

13 1996 - Sony Vaio

Sony VAIO was a line of personal computers, featuring a
3D interface on the first desktop computer, attracting new
users with its sleek design, high-quality displays, and
multimedia capabilities, backed by the Windows 95
operating system.

2008 - MacBook Air 14

In January 2008, the first MacBook Air was introduced as

a premium laptop with a 13.3-inch screen and full-size
keyboard, establishing the ultrabook family as the world's
thinnest notebook.
 4th Generation of Digital Cmptr.

The fourth generation of digital computers utilized microprocessors, integrating millions of transistors on a
single chip, enabling the development of personal computers, laptops, smartphones, and graphical user
interfaces --- (1972-2010).

5th Generation of Digital Cmptr.

The fifth generation of digital computers,

utilizing advanced technologies like quantum
computing, nanotechnology, and
biotechnology, is working towards artificial
intelligence, enabling machines to perform
tasks requiring human intelligence, with
notable examples including IBM Watson,
Google DeepMind, and Suno AI --- (2010-
present).

References:

Computers | Timeline of Computer History | Computer History Museum. (n.d.).

https://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/computers/
Hillyer, M. (2023). Here’s how technology has changed the world since 2000. World
Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/11/heres-how-
technology-has-changed-and-changed-us-over-the-past-20-years/
Roser, M. (2023). This timeline charts the fast pace of tech transformation across
centuries. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/02/this-
timeline-charts-the-fast-pace-of-tech-transformation-across-centuries/
Statler, T., & Statler, T. (2023). History of Computers with timeline [2023 update].
Comp Sci Central. https://compscicentral.com/history-of-
computers/#google_vignette
Thakur, D. (2021). Evolution of digital computers. Computer Notes.
https://ecomputernotes.com/fundamental/introduction-to-computer/explain-about-
the-evolution-of-digital-computers
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (1998). Digital computer | Evolution,
Components, & Features. Encyclopedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/technology/digital-computer