ENGLISH 4 [EN22102]

GRADE 8*
Week 1 -2

01
COMPARISONS
AS...AS
TOO/ ENOUGH
MUCH/ VERY
INSTRUCTED BY T.OME
 TABLE OF
MISSION To make a lasting impact to the environment and
health of mankind by making vegan food more
CONTENTS delicious and affordable for everyone.

AS...AS
VISION A healthier mankind and a greener world
1 through the
power of veganism.

COMPARISONS 2-4

VALUES Passion: We believe that there is value in everything

TOO/ ENOUGH that we put out to the world, and we5do everything
with a lot of passion.

MUCH/ VERY 6 our

Integrity: We are committed to keeping
customers satisfied by providing the best and
freshest products at their most affordable price
points. We are honest and transparent in our
sourcing.

Boldness: We make brave decisions that we believe

will elevate the vegan food industry as a whole, and
we put innovation at the forefront of our minds when
making these decisions.
 1

COMPARISON: AS...AS [QUALITIES/ UNQUALITIES]

Sarah, Joe, Betty and David are all very
Torich.
make a lasting impact to the environment and
MISSION
Joe is rich. health of mankind by making vegan food more
He is richer than David. Daviddelicious
$10m and affordable for everyone.
Betty $10m Sarah
Joe $20m$15m

He is as rich as Betty.
But he isn't as rich as Sarah. (= Sarah is richer than he is)

How to form qualities/ unqualities A healthier mankind and a greener world through the
VISION
When we compare equal qualities of two people, places or
power of veganism.
things, we use the comparative structure as + adjective + as.

The world’s biggest bull is as big as a small elephant.

The weather this summer is as bad as last year.
It hasn’t stopped raining for weeks.

VALUES Passion:
You have to unwrap it as carefully as youWe believe that there is value in everything
can.
It’s quite fragile. that we put out to the world,
Goyo is and
a goldenwe do everything
Bruno is a
retriever. He is very mischievous and
with
In unequal “as” comparisons about the a lot of
qualities of passion.
people, no only sympathetic very energetic boxer
and energetic, who hates cats.
places or things, we use the word “not.” but also very playful.
It’s not as heavy as I thought itIntegrity:
would be,We are committed to keeping our
actually.
customers
Rory hasn’t grown as tall as Tommy yet. Gayo is as
satisfied by providing theplayful as Bruno.
best and
freshest
She’s not singing as loudly as she can. products at their
Gayomost affordable
is not as smallprice
as Bruno.
points. We are honest and transparent in our
Jack isn't as old as he looks.
sourcing.
The town centre wasn't as crowded as usual.
Lisa didn't do as well in the exam as she had hoped.
The weather is better today. It'sBoldness: Weasmake
not as cold brave decisions that we believe
yesterday.
I don't know as many people aswill
youelevate
do. the vegan food industry as a whole, and
we put innovation at the forefront of our minds when
Practice: Complete the sentences using as ... as+ the following:
making these decisions.
I'm sorry I'm late. I got here ______________________________I could.
bad
lt was a difficult question. I answered it______________________________I could.
comfortable
'How long can I stay with you?' 'You can stay ______________________________you like.'
fast
I need the information quickly, so let me know ______________________________possible.
hard
I like to keep fit, so I go swimming ______________________________ I can.
long
I didn't want to wake anybody, so I came in ______________________________I could.
often
In the following sentences use just as ... as.
quietly
7 I'm going to sleep on the floor. lt's ______________________________the bed.
soon
8 You always say how tiring your job is, but I work ______________________________ you.
well
9 At first I thought he was nice, but really he's ______________________________everybody else.
 2

COMPARISON: THE COMPARATIVE

MISSION
Joe: Shall we drive or go by train? To make a lasting impact to the environment and
Jess: Let's drive. it's cheaper. health of mankind by making vegan food more
Joe: Don't go by train. lt's more expensive.
delicious and affordable for everyone.
Cheaper and more expensive are comparative forms.
After comparatives you can use than : €30 €42
It's cheaper to drive than go by train.
Going by train is more expensive than driving.

to form comparativeA healthier mankind and a greener world through the

VISION
How
power of veganism.
We use -er for short words (one syllable):
You’re older than me. Can you walk a bit faster?
She seems nicer than her sister. Who is younger, Rowan or Tony?
It was a longer holiday than the one we had last year.
VALUES Passion:than
Could you carry this? You’re stronger Weme.
believe that there is value in everything
that we put out to the world, and we do everything
If an adjective ends
with in aof
a lot vowel and a consonant, we double the consonant:
passion.
The baseball player wanted a bigger paycheck
Integrity:
because he We team
helped the are committed to keeping our
win the pennant.
customers
It has become hotter satisfied by providing
and less humid the
than the best
last and
summer.
freshest
The consistency of products at their
your finishing coatmost affordable
should be a littleprice
thinner
points.
than the first two.We are honest and transparent in our
sourcing.
We also use -er for two-syllable words that end in -y (-y ier):
We were busier last week than this week.
Boldness: We make brave decisions that we believe
Are you happier now that you’ve changed your job?
will elevate the vegan food industry as a whole, and
He shouted at her but felt a heavier sense of guilt.
we put innovation at the forefront of our minds when
British politics has rarely been nastier because it has never been lazier.
making these decisions.
We use more ... for longer words (two syllables or more):
You’re more patient than me.
I’m more interested in music than sport.
The faster you drive, the more dangerous it is.
This dictionary is more useful than the one we had before.
The exam was quite difficult - more difficult than I expected.

You can use -er or more ... with some two-syllable adjectives, especially:
clever narrow
it's too noisy here. Can we go somewhere quieter / more quiet?
quiet shallow
This new bed is narrower/ more narrow than the old one. simple
He is living a simpler/ more simple lifestyle than I am.
 3

COMPARISON: THE SUPERLATIVE

MISSION To make a lasting
What impactriver
is the longest to the environment
in the world? and
health of mankind
What was theby making
most vegan
enjoyable food you've
holiday more ever had?
delicious and affordable
Longest for everyone.
and most enjoyable are superlative forms.

How to form superlative The superlative form is -est or most .... In general, we use ...

the (adj.) + -est for short word the most + (adj.) for long word

VISION A healthier mankind and a greener world through the

power of veganism.

It was the happiest day of my life. The most frightening film I’ve ever seen was
Everest is the highest mountain in the world. Alfred Hitchcock’s ‘Psycho’.
That’s the best film I have seen this year. They’re using the most advanced technology
VALUES Passion: We believe
I have three sisters: Jan is the oldest and that there is value in everything
in the world.
Angela is the youngest. that we put out toisthe
This theworld, and we doyear
most successful everything
the
with a lot of passion.
At one time, the Empire State building in New company’s ever had.
York was the tallest building in the world “21" by Adele is the most popular album in
Yesterday was the hottest day of the Integrity:
year. We are
2021committed
. to keeping our
She is a really nice person- one of the nicest In 2022,by
customers satisfied Ursula von derthe
providing Leyen wasand
best called the
people I know. most powerful women by Forbes.
freshest products at their most affordable price
points. We are honest and transparent in our
The rules are the same as those for the comparative - see page 1.
sourcing.

COMPARISON:Boldness:
IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES
We make brave decisions that we believe
will elevate the vegan food industry as a whole, and
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
we put innovation
SUPERLATIVE
at the
You are the forefront
worst of our
driver I have everminds
met in when
my life.
making these
Theydecisions.
couldn’t go any further because the road was
good/ well better the best blocked.
Come on girls! Let’s see who can run furthest.
bad worse the worst I feel better than yesterday, thank you for asking. -
This is the best gift I have ever had.
far further the furthest She has more money than I have.
Those who have the most money
many/ much more the most
are not always the happiest.
 4
PRACTICE
1. Complete the sentences. Use the comparative forms of the words in the box.
1. I was feeling tired lastTo
MISSION
big
make
night, so Iawent
lasting impact
to bed to the environment and
_______________________usual.
health of mankind by making vegan food more
crowded 2. I'd like to have a_______________________car. The one I have keeps breaking down.
delicious and affordable for everyone.
early 3. Unfortunately her illness was ______________________________we thought at first.

easily 4. You look _____________________________. Have you lost weight?

high 5. I want a ______________________________ apartment. We don't have enough space here.

VISION 6. He doesn't study veryAhard.

important healthier mankind and a greener
He's ______________________________ world
in having through
a good time. the
power of veganism.
interested 7. Health and happiness are ______________________________money.

peaceful 8. The instructions were very complicated. They could have been ______________________________.

reliable 9. There were a lot of people on the bus. lt was ______________________________usual.

serious 10. I like living in the country. lt's ______________________________living in a town.

VALUES Passion: We believe that there is value in everything
simple that the
11. You'll find your way around we town
put out to the world, andif we
_____________________________ youdo everything
have a good map.
thin with a lot of passion.
12. In some parts of the country, prices are ______________________________ others.
2. Complete the sentences. Use a superlative (-est or most ...) or a comparative (-er or more ...).
Integrity: We are committed to keeping our
1. We stayed at _____________________________. hotel in the
customers town. (cheap)
satisfied by providing the best and
freshest
2. Our hotel was_____________________________..than all products
the others at their
in the most
town. affordable price
(cheap)
points. We are honest and transparent in our
3. The United States is very large, but Canada is _____________________________. (large)
sourcing.
4. What's ______________________________country in the world? (small)
Boldness: We make brave decisions that we believe
5. I wasn't feeling well yesterday, but I feel a bit _____________________________ today. (good)
will elevate the vegan food industry as a whole, and
6. lt was an awful day. lt was _____________________________day
we put innovation ofat
mythe
life.forefront
(bad) of our minds when
making
7. What is _____________________________.sport in yourthese decisions.
country? (popular)

8. Everest is _____________________________mountain in the world. lt is _____________________________than any other

mountain. (high)

9. This building is over 250 metres high, but it's not _____________________________in the city. (tall)

10. I prefer this chair to the other one. it's _____________________________ (comfortable)

11. What's _____________________________way to get to the station? (quick)

12. Which is _____________________________the bus or the train? (quick)

13. What's_____________________________thing you've ever bought? (expensive)

14. Sue and Kevin have got three daughters_____________________________is 14 years old. (old)
 5

TOO AND ENOUGH

Enough goes after adjectives and adverbs
MISSION To make a lasting impact to the environment and
I can't run very far. I'm not fit enough. (not enough fit)
health of mankind by making vegan food more
Let's go. We've waited Long enough.
delicious and affordable for everyone.
I can let you know tomorrow. Is that soon enough?
Compare too ... and not ... enough:
CJ You never stop working. You work too hard. (=more than is necessary)
0 You/re lazy. You don't work hard enough. (=less than is necessary)

How to use too and enough

VISION A healthier mankind and a greener world through the
Too is used to mean more power of veganism.
than sufficient or more/less Enough is used to mean sufficient
than necessary.
I'm not tall enough to reach the top shelf.
It’s too late to stop him. Your marks are good enough to study
Jerry was too young to watch the movie. engineering at university.
VALUES Passion: We believe that there is value in everything
There are too many people on this train, I couldn't write quickly enough and I ran out of
there’s nowhere to sit. that we put outtime.
to the world, and we do everything
You have too much money, give some with a lot of passion.
to me. I've helped at conferences often enough to
You’ve eaten too many of those cakes. know what can go wrong.
She's too sad these days. I wonder what's
Integrity: We are
Youcommitted to keeping
should ask John for help.our
He's rich enough
wrong. customers satisfied
to helpby
us providing
all! the best and
You're driving too slowly! I don't
freshest products atthink
theirthey areaffordable
most smart enough to take
price
There are too many students in this class. It that class.
points. We are honest and transparent in our
should be smaller
sourcing.
Practice: Fill in TOO or ENOUGH.
Boldness:
1. I can't carry this suitcase. It's _____________ heavy. We make brave decisions that we believe
will elevate the vegan food industry as a whole, and
2. This bag isn't big _____________. I can't put all my possessions in it.
we put innovation at the forefront of our minds when
3. Is your meal warm _____________? If not, I'll put it in the microwave.
making these decisions.
4. Mom was _____________ worried to go to sleep, so she stayed up all night.
5. I don't like this fizzy drink. It's much _____________ sweet.
6. I'll ring you up later. I haven't got _____________ time at the moment.

7. She's _____________ young to drink alcohol. She's not even 15 yet.

8. We weren't able to buy tickets for both games because we didn't have _____________ money.
9. I couldn't see her anywhere because it was getting _____________ foggy.
10.You can't play in our first team. You're not good _____________.
11.I didn't have _____________ time to visit the museums and it was _____________ crowded as well.

12.The sea isn't warm _____________ to go swimming. The water is much ___________ cold.
 6

MUCH AND VERY IN COMPARISON

We normally use very to modify adjective and adverb:
MISSION To make a lasting impact to the environment and
The situation is very serious. health of mankind by making vegan food more
delicious
We're very, very sorry about what's and affordable for everyone.
happened.
Think about it very carefully before deciding.
How very childish of her to refuse to speak to me!
"Are you tired?" "No, not very."
Thank you very much.
VISION A healthier mankind and a greener world through the
"Did you enjoy the play?" "Very much so." (= Yes.)
power of veganism.
‘much’ to modify and intensify comparative adjectives used attributively before
countable and uncountable nouns.

France is a much bigger country than Britain.

Taking the bus is much cheaper than taking

Passion: Wethe car. that there is value in everything
believe
VALUES
thatthan
Reading is much more interesting we put out to
watching the world, and we do everything
television.
with
Living in the city is much better thanaliving
lot ofinpassion.
the country.

Integrity: We are committed to keeping our

customers satisfied by providing the best and
Practice: Correct the following sentences.
freshest products at their most affordable price
points. We are honest and transparent in our
1. She is very much beautiful. sourcing.

2. He was very kind enough to invite me.

Grammar
notes
Boldness: We make brave decisions that we believe
will elevate the vegan food industry as a whole, and
3. She is very better today. We cannot use very with comparative adjectives.
we put innovation
Instead,atwethe forefront
use much, of our
far, very much, minds
a lot, lots, rather,when
a
making these decisions.
little, a bit etc.
4. Her boyfriend is very older than her. In the same way, we cannot use much with positive
adjectives.
for example, say He is much intelligent. Instead, we say:
5. You are much handsome. He is very intelligent.
We do not usually use very to modify superlative
adjectives. Instead, we use much or by far.
6. She looks very older than her sister. But note that very can be used to emphasize
superlatives. It is also used with first, next and last.

7. Russian is very more difficult than Spanish.