GAUTENG PROVINCE

EDUCATION
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

REMOTE LEARNING ACTIVITY BOOK

(RELAB)
SUBJECT: TOURISM

GRADE 11
LEARNER GUIDE
 Grade 11 Tourism Page |2

A. INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE OF THE RELAB

The COVID-19 pandemic has created the largest disruption of education systems in human
history, affecting over a billion learners in more than 200 countries. Closures of schools,
institutions and other learning spaces have impacted on the majority of the world’s student
population. This has brought far-reaching changes in all aspects of our lives. Social
distancing and restrictive movement policies have significantly disturbed traditional
educational practices.
To control the coronavirus spread, most countries have been working to encourage parents
and schools to help students continue to learn at home through distance learning. In South
Africa, the implementation of a rotational timetable for non-matric learners has left a void
in curriculum completion. The Gauteng Department of Education (GDE) has therefore
embarked on an innovative initiative to develop learning activities to assist learners to
continue their studies while at home through the Remote Learning Activity Booklet, also
known as RELAB. This is in keeping with its Strategic Goal 2 which aims to promote quality
education across all classrooms and schools.
The RELAB is underpinned by the following policies:
a) The Department of Basic Education (DBE) Circular S13 of 2020 which requires
the GDE to support the implementation of the Recovery Annual Teaching Plan
(RATP); and
b) GDE Circular 11 of 2020 which requires districts to issue learning activity packs
to support schools for lockdown learning.

This is based on the premise that there are learning constraints at home whereby
the majority of learners do not have access to devices or data to use for online
learning. Many households are dependent on schools to provide them with learning
resources packs.

RELAB is designed in a study guide format, where the content is explained briefly
with related concepts as revision in the form of e.g. notes, mind-maps and content
progression from the previous grade/s followed by exemplar exercises and practice
exercises. The exercises are pitched at different cognitive levels to expose Grade
10 and 11 learners to the different cognitive levels of questioning as outlined in the
Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS).

The RELAB is intended to ensure that learners work on exercises based on topics
or skills taught while at school. These exercises must then be completed at home
and feedback will be provided by educators. Educators will then diagnose learner
responses, remediate where necessary and plan further intervention.

Educators are encouraged to create WhatsApp groups to remind learners of what

is expected of them in a particular week. The prudent use of the RELAB will help
alleviate the backlog in curriculum coverage and prepare learners for formal
assessment.
 Grade 11 Tourism Page |3

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TOPIC SUBTOPIC/SECTION PAGE

Tourism
Sectors THE TRAIN INDUSTRY 5

Tourism Sectors THE GAUTRAIN 17

Tourism Sectors AIRPORT, AIRLINES AND AIRPORT 28

OPERATIONS
Tourism Sectors SOUTH AFRICA’S INTERNATIONAL AND 39
NATIONAL AIRPORTS
Tourism AIRPORT AND AIRCRAFT TERMINOLOGY AND
Sectors SEATING CONFIGURATION 45
Tourism Sectors
TECHNOLOGY AT AIRPORTS 61
Tourism Sectors
BUS INDUSTRY 69
Tourism Sectors
CRUISE LINERS 78
Tourism
Sectors CAR RENTAL 86
Domestic,
Regional and DOMESTIC TOURISM GROWTH STRATEGY 92
International
Tourism
Culture and
Heritage CULTURAL UNIQUENESS 107

Domestic,
Regional and REGIONAL TOURISM 121
International
Tourism
Tourist
Attractions SADC ATTRACTIONS 129
Foreign
Exchange FOREIGN EXCHANGE 139
Communication
and Customer MANAGING QUALITY SERVICE
Care 146
Map Work and
Tour Planning TOUR ITINERARY 149
 Grade 11 Tourism Page |4

Grade 11 Tourism – Remote Learning Material 2022

Dear Grade 11 candidate

You are receiving more support in 2022 than any other group of Grade 11s before you.
Please do your part, work hard and you will pass.

No, let us rethink. With so much support and your own hard work, you should be doing well
in Tourism.

We wish you to get the rewards of all your hard work in 2022 in all the assessments and at
the Final Year Test.

Seize the opportunities throughout 2022!

Find the content material, activities and assessments for the following topics in
Tourism:

• Train industry
• Gautrain
• Airport, Airlines and Airport operations
• South Africa’s International and national airports
• Airport and aircraft terminology and seating configuration
• Technology at airports
• Bus industry
• Cruise liners
• Car rental
• Domestic Tourism Growth Strategy
• Cultural uniqueness
• Regional tourism
• SADC attractions
• Foreign exchange
• Managing quality service
• Itinerary

Use the Remote Learning Material to improve your academic year by working through this
content material, activities and assessments, to be well prepared for the topics taught by
your Tourism teacher.

This will make you extremely knowledgeable and you will be able to cope with any new
questions on these topics in tasks, tests and examination papers.

Good luck in achieving well in Tourism in your Grade 11 year!

Acknowledgement to the Gauteng Subject Advisors for creating the material in 2021 and
2022:
Z Schulze, A Thiebaut, A Hermann, B Molepo, K Mongwai, P Bennie, N Ncha, M Pooe,
N Tshabuse, S Kgoale, L Mahasha, E Maponya, J Toumane, M Ngoato, I Tlhabanelo,
A van de Venter.
 Grade 11 Tourism Page |5

Content Topic 2022: The Train Industry

What the learner needs to know in this topic

Tourism Sectors The tourism train industry:

• Difference between commuter trains (Metrorail) and tourists’ trains such
as Shosholoza Meyl
• Terminology: schedule, coaches, coupé, compartment, lounges, tourist
class, economy class, dining car
• Luxury trains such as Blue Train, Rovos Rail, Shongololo Express,
Premier Classe (http://premierclasse.co.za)
• Information provided on train schedules

Resources: Recent information

should be accessed from the media

Assessed in the Exam: Section D Question 7

Lesson 1
Content
Key words

• Commuter Compartment
• Schedule Lounge
• Dining car Coach
• Coupe' Tourist class
• Economy class

What is the difference between Commuter and tourist trains

COMMUTER TRAINS
• Commuter trains transport passengers from where they live to where they work
• Metrorail operates commuter trains in the metropolitan areas of South Africa. These
trains travel within cities or regions and not between them, connecting commuters
to a central city from adjacent suburbs or commuter towns.
• Metrorail is a division of the Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa (PRASA), a
state-owned enterprise which is responsible for most passenger rail services in
South Africa.
• There are also Business Express trains on certain routes. These trains have fewer
stops on their routes, are more comfortable than the normal Metrorail trains and
offer additional services on board such as complimentary newspaper and
refreshments.
• Commuter trains are not widely used by international tourists because of safety
risks, routes, and unreliability.
• Domestic tourists can make use of commuter trains when they are at their
destination to travel to certain areas to visit attractions.
 Grade 11 Tourism Page |6

TOURIST TRAINS
• Long distance tourist trains, such as Shosholoza Meyl, are called mainline
passenger trains or intercity trains because they travel on the main train lines
between cities.
• These trains are often used by domestic tourists who do not have their own cars and
travel to see family and friends. Economy class is an affordable option.
• International tourists make use of train transport as ‘transport as tourism’ because
the tourist class option provides the mode of transport as well as the
accommodation and meals. It also provides an opportunity for tourists to sit back
and enjoy the scenery through which the train travels.
• Some tourist trains have sleeper coaches with benches on which passengers can sit
during the day. These benches can fold into sleeping bunks at night.
• Sleeper coaches have showers and toilets that passengers can share.

TERMINOLOGY

Terms Explanation
1. Commuter A person who travels some distance to
work on a regular basis.
2. Schedule A list of railway journeys arranged
according to the time when they begin and
end.
3. Dining car Is a coach that is set up for passengers to
have their meals. Passengers move from
their coaches to the dining car for a sit-
down meal.
4. Coupe' Is a private section in a coach for two
people. All the facilities in a coupe’ is for
two people. People are able to sleep and
relax in a coupe’ without any interruptions.
5. Economy class Is a class that has more rows and more
seats, less spacious and cheaper.
6. Compartment Is a private section in a coach for four
people. All the facilities in a coupe’ is for
four people.
7. Lounge Is a selection on a train where people can
relax. It also provides some entertainment.
8. Coach A section on a train. This is a part of train
that is sometimes called a car. Different
coaches may be used for different class of
travel. Some coaches may also be used for
special purposes such as dining.
9. Tourist class Is a class that is more spacious, has fewer
rows, fewer seats, more expensive and has
more leg room
 Grade 11 Tourism Page |7

Activity 1
1.1 Unscramble the following terms and provide the explanation of each:

Scrambled words/terms Correct term Explanation/Definition

1. HELEDUCS
2. SEHCAOC
3. PEUOC
4. TNEMTRAPMOC
5. SEGNUOL
6. TSIROUT SSALC
7. YMONOCE SALCS
8. GNINID RAC

Lesson 2

Luxury trains
• These trains offer only sleeper accommodation. They have luxurious options with
different sized compartments. Compartments usually have their own en-suite
bathrooms. They also have very luxurious lounges and dining cars.
• Some offer day trips to passengers when they stop at a destination.
• The fares of these trains are very expensive. International tourists and tourists with a
large disposable income make use of these trains.
• These trains offer more than a transport service. It is ‘transport as tourism’ because it
includes accommodation, meals, laundry services, and many others luxury services.
• The Blue Train, Rovos Rail, Shongololo Express and Premier Classe are examples of
luxury trains.
 Grade 11 Tourism Page |8

Blue Train

• In the 1920’s the Union Limited and Unions Express used a luxury steam train to
transport passengers from Cape Town harbour to the gold fields in the Witwatersrand.
• Some of the features of this train includes card tables, ceiling fans and hot and cold
water on tap.
• The train was given a royal blue and cream coat and gave rise to the Blue Train.
• The train was taken off service during World War 2 and reintroduced in the 70’s and
90’s.
• In 1997 a new blue train was launched to include Cape Town, Pretoria, and Victoria
falls
• A second train was introduced in 1998 to include Hoedspruit (KNP), Port Elizabeth
and Garden route.
• The Blue train is a majestic, moving five-star hotel. It has two train sets. The first one
can accommodate 74 guests in 37 suites and the second accommodates 58 guests in
29 suites. It also offer the following facilities:
• EN-SUITE BATHROOMS WITH ITALIAN MARBLE, GOLD-PLATED FITTINGS AND FULLY
REMOTE-CONTROLLED FACILITIES
• FULLY SOUNDPROOFED
• INDIVIDUALLY CONTROLLED AIR-CONDITIONING
• UNDER-FLOOR HEATING
• PERSONAL BUTLER AND 24-HOUR ROOM SERVICE
• GPS SYSTEM AND TV MONITOR THAT TRACKS THE TRAIN PROGRESS AND SHARES THE
DRIVER’S VIEW
• INTERACTIVE ENTERTAINMENT SYSTEM
Rovos rail

• Rovos rail is a private railway company, started in 1989 by Rohan Vos, that operates
from Capital Park Station in Pretoria.
• Runs on various routes throughout Southern Africa, from South Africa to Namibia
and Tanzania.
• Rovos rail is another five-star luxury train. The train can carry 72 passengers in 36
suites.
• The train consists of two lounges, two restaurant cars, private sleeping compartments,
each with private en-suite facilities
• The train has 3 types of accommodation, the smallest being a Pullman, the largest
being the Royal Suite, which is half a train car. All types of cabins have en-suite
shower, sink and toilet. The Royal suite also has a Victorian-style bathtub.
• The observation car has enlarged windows with open-air balconies from where
passengers can take in their surroundings. With the Victorian atmosphere in mind,
there are no radios or televisions on the train.
 Grade 11 Tourism Page |9

Shosholoza Meyl Premier Classe

• Shosholoza Meyl Premier Classe deluxe trains travel the routes Johannesburg- Cape
Town- Durban- Johannesburg on a weekly schedule.
• Premier Classe trains are air-conditioned.

• Bedding, luxury amenities and towels are included in the fare.

• Single passengers travel in a single-berth coupé by themselves, Two passengers, (if related
or booked as such), travel in a 2-berth coupe, Families (with kids up to 9 years of age) travel
in 4-berth family compartments.
• Premier Classe trains have a special restaurant car and a Premier Classe lounge car with TV.
• Each sleeper-car has lockable lavatories and shower cubicles with a changing area at the end
of the corridor.
• The fare includes a classy meal package starting with tea/coffee muffins at the Premier
Classe lounge, a welcome reception on the train, breakfast, 4 course lunch, high tea and five
course dinner.
• Tea/coffee and juices are also included in the package, while sodas and alcoholic beverage
are charged for.
• Premier Classe passengers use the Premier Classe VIP lounges at the Cape Town and
Johannesburg stations to check-in.
• Motor car transport for private cars is available on routes Johannesburg –Cape Town –Durban
and -Port Elizabeth.

Shosholoza Meyl

• Tourist Class sleeper cars have 2-berth coupés and 4-berth family compartments that convert
to seating for daytime use.
• The leatherette benches convert to bunk beds at night. A washbasin with hot and cold water
is stowed under the table.
• Each sleeper-coach has a hot shower at the end of the corridor, with lockable shower cubicle
and changing area.
• Tourist Class trains are not air-conditioned. The windows open to allow for cool air
circulation.
• Solo (Tourist Class) travellers will be booked into a 4-berth compartment, sharing with three
other passengers of the same gender. Two passengers travelling together (husband and
wife) will be booked into a 2-berth coupé (subject to availability). Three travellers travelling
together will be booked into a 4- berth compartment sharing unless a full compartment is
paid for. A family of four will be booked into a 4-berth compartment.
• The Tourist Class restaurant car serves snacks, drinks, and affordable meals. Selective
convenient foods are available from the trolley service during the day and you may take your
own food and beverages onto the train.
• Car transport is available on Johannesburg –Cape Town –Durban and -Port Elizabeth routes.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 10

Shongololo Express

• The Shongololo Express provides a special touring experience for visitors to Southern Africa.
• The journeys of between 12 to 15 days traverse South Africa, eSwatini, Namibia, Zimbabwe
and Mozambique with a variety of off-train excursions.
• Accommodating 72 guests in two categories of comfortable en-suite cabins with double or
twin beds, the classic wood-panelled carriages hark back to a simpler, more elegant era
encompassing the romance of African exploration

Lesson 3

Information provided on train schedule

• A train schedule provides information such as when the train will travel, the
destinations it will travel to, and departure and arrival times.
• The Rovos schedule indicates 15 routes and not just one route
• The Rovos schedule indicates the specific dates in each month when the train will be
travelling along a specific route.

• The date schedule for Rovos does not indicate the departure and arrival times. These
are on the detailed itinerary for each route.

§ The Trip – 1,2,3 ….

§ Frequency- Days on which the trip is available (1- Monday and 7- Sunday)
§ Departure and arrival times
§ Rates for peak and off-peak season
§ Rates for different classes
§ Rates for one way (O/W) and return trips (RTN)
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 11

Example train schedule: The Blue Train

Example of Metrorail timetable

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 12

Fares
• The fares for train journeys depend on the chosen route and class of travel.
• There are cheaper low season fares which usually apply to out of season periods
• High season fares apply to in season periods, for example, during December and
Easter Holidays when more people want to travel. These fares are higher than low
season fares.
• Fares on luxury trains are much higher than on commuter and economy tourist trains.
Fares depend on the type of compartment or suite that the passenger has booked.
• Luxury train fares include the transportation and the luxurious accommodation, as
well as all meals, drinks, and off-train excursions.
• Fare tables, like timetables, are different for different train services.
Example of fares table for Rovos Rail

Activity 2
2.1 Explain the difference between coaches that are used to transport commuters and sleeper
coaches.
2.2 Study the Rovos rail date schedule and fare table and answer questions that follow:
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 13

A tourist couple was visiting in Cape Town until 28 June 2022. They would like to travel to
Pretoria in a luxury train to enjoy the inland scenery in South Africa. They want to enjoy the
luxuries of a luxury train without spending too much.
2.2.1 What date will Rovos depart from Cape Town for Pretoria that would suit their
schedule?
2.2.2 Which accommodation type would you advise the couple to make use of and why?
2.2.3 What would the cost be for the couple?
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 14

Activity 3

3. Study the timetables below and answer the following questions:

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 15

3.1 Identify on which days of the week passengers can travel on the Shosholoza Meyl from
Johannesburg to Cape Town.
3.2 Calculate how many days the journey will take.
3.3 Mr and Mrs Smith from Cape Town have a son of 13 and daughter of 8. They are
planning a holiday to visit their family in Johannesburg. They will travel on Shosholoza Meyl
and will hire a car at their destination.
3.3.1 Give the time their train will depart from Cape Town station.
3.3.2 Give the time they will arrive in Beautfort West.

3.3.3 Will they be able to leave the train and go into town to buy supper? Motivate your
answer.
3.3.4 Calculate what their journey will cost.
3.3.5 State if the Smith family must provide their own food and bedding for the journey or if
they can obtain this on the train.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 16

Activity 4

4. Study the timetables below and answer the following questions:

Mr and Mrs Naidoo from Gauteng are newly-weds. They married on 1st of February 2022
and plan a honeymoon trip on the Blue Train travelling in the Luxury Class.

4.1 Identify on which days of the week the Blue Train departs from Pretoria on the trip to
Cape Town.

4.2 Calculate what their trip will cost them. Mention what is included in this cost.
4.3 If they decided to marry in April, calculate what the same trip would cost them.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 17

Content Topic 2022: The Gautrain

What learners need to know about the Gautrain

Interesting features such as exterior and interior appearance, security, speed

Gautrain technology such as ticketing procedures, electronic boarding procedures,
electronic arrival and departure announcements
Routes, parking facilities and bus service linked to the Gautrain
Benefits for the tourism industry Include any new developments

Assessed in the Exam: Section D and Question 1

The Gautrain

LESSON 1: REASONS WHY THE SAFETY OF TOURISTS IN SOUTH

AFRICA IS IMPORTANT

Gautrain Background:

Background:
The Gautrain is an 80 kilometre mass rapid (fast transit railway system which
links Johannesburg, Ekurhuleni and OR Tambo International Airport. It was
built to relieve traffic congestion in the Johannesburg- Pretoria traffic
corridor. The Gautrain offers commuters and tourists a viable alternative to
road transport. The Gautrain is a rail system that operates in the Gauteng
Province only, this explains the name Gautrain (Gau is for Gauteng) (Train
=Train) but the train is called the Gautrain. As a tourism learner it is important
to know how the Gautrain operates and the services it offers, keeping in mind
that transport plays an important role in a tourist’s travel choices and
decisions.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 18

The Exterior (outside) appearance

• The Exterior (outside) of the Gautrain is gold, grey and blue.

• The Gautrain has its logo on the exterior which is a golden train which
represents the Gold Mining history of the Gauteng Province.

Gautrain Logo

• The Gautrain has a very modern exterior with an Aerodynamic nose,

enabling the Gautrain to travel at high speeds.
• There are locomotives (engines) on each end of the train, trains don’t
turn around.
• Big rectangular windows and sliding doors that open and close
electronically.
• Each train consist of four cars (carriages) and a maximum of 8 car
train set.
• The Gautrain is easily identifiable through its exterior appearance the
following are the exterior appearance of the Gautrain.

Gautrain Logo

Gautrain Slogan

Interior (Inside) appearance of the Gautrain

● The interior as well as exterior of the Gautrain are designed to allow
access to passengers with special needs.
● The gap (space) between the platform and the rail car is small because
they are the same height allowing for easy access for commuters.

● There is a section on each train that is allocated to and passengers in

wheelchairs.
● Colour contrasts, good lighting and non- reflective are made suitable for
the sight impaired (eye sight problems) commuters.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 19

● Tactical and audio guidance is provided for those that are hard of hearing.
(hearing problems).
● Special areas for baggage storage near doors.
● Electronic displays
● Air conditioners
● Carpets

Gautrain Security

● Hundreds CCTV camera Surveillance, both on trains and in stations

provide recorded coverage of all stations and trains as well as key
locations along the route.
● 24- hour security guard’s presence at all stations and trains .
● Secure fencing along the route to prevent unauthorised access and
vandalism to the train tracks.
● Satellite tracking of all buses linked to the Gautrain System.
● In car cameras that allow driver to see what is happening on the train.
● Only valid ticket holders are allowed at the Gautrain station an on the rail
cars (Gautrain).
Speed
• The minimum travel Speed of the Gautrain is 160km/h.

• The maximum speed it can travel is 180km/h.

• The Gautrain is much faster than the normal Metrorail.

• Measures are in place when the train exceeds the speed limit by more
the 3km/h an alarm will sound and if the speed is exceeded by more
than 6km/h the train’s service breaks will slow it down.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 20

Activity 1:

1. Explain why the Gautrain was built. (2)

2. State SIX safety features of the Gautrain (6)

3. It is important to ensure commuters and tourist with special needs are

well accommodated when travelling using public transport.
Briefly discuss FOUR features available on the train which will enable
(8)
persons with special needs to travel with ease

4. Explain FIVE external visual features of the Gautrain (10)

5. State the minimum and maximum travel speed of the Gautrain (2)

[28]

LESSON 2:
Gautrain technology

Ticketing procedures

● A Gautrain Gold Card is a Contactless Smart Card which allows you, the
passenger, to access the Gautrain System.
● The commuter has to purchase (Credits/tickets) that will be loaded into
the Gold Card. Commuters/ tourist using the Gautrain make use of the
Gold Card to access the Gautrain. Tickets/ credits are not used in
physical form but the gold card serves as a ticket provided credits/ tickets
are loaded into the Gold Card.
● No Gold Card= No Gautrain ride, No Gautrain Bus Ride, No use of
Gautrain Parking facilities.
● One Gautrain Gold Card for the use of Train, Bus and parking facilities.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 21

● Your Gautrain Gold Card is valid for five years from date of purchase.
● The cost of one Gautrain Gold Card is R10 and is non-refundable.
Gautrain Gold Cards and credits/ tickets are available from the:
Ticket Vending Machines at the stations ticket Office at the stations.

Electronic boarding Procedures

● For passenger to board the train, they have to pass through the fare gates
at the station. These gates have ticket readers. The process below
outlines how the tourist/ commuter will board the Gautrain electronically.

Step 1 - Tag in
To embark on to the
Gautrain to your
destination touch your
Gold Card against the
ticket reader to open the
glass gates.

Step 2 -Tag out

Once you have reached your
destination at the the station
you have to tag out by touching
the Gold Card against a ticket
reader to open the glass gates.
At this step the electronic sytem
is calculating the amount for
the trip and subtracts it from the
credit loaded into the Gold
Card.

Electronic arrival and departure announcements

● Each station is equipped with information display boards displaying
arrival and departure times of trains.
● Pre-recorded electronic announcements inform passengers which
station they are arriving at as well as when the train is departing.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 22

● External ultra -bright LED display in the front of each train providing
information as to which station the train is heading to.
● Screens inside the train providing updates and notifications as stations
are being approached.
● Public address system on train for the driver to use to broadcast
announcements.
● Announcements are made over public address systems station they are
arriving at as well as when the train is departing.

Activity 2:

2.1 On arrival at the Gautrain station the tourist or commuter has to follow
certain procedures before embarking on the Gautrain.
Study the images below on ticketing procedures and electronic boarding
procedures, arrange the images in the correct sequence and provide a
brief explanation of each image. E.g.:
A –tourist obtains gold card……

A B

C D

(8)
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 23

2.2 Provide a discussion on the uses of electronic departure and

arrival announcements. (6)
[14]

Lesson 3

Routes
The Gautrain makes use of set routes with parking facilities along the way
where passengers can park their cars before they get on to the train.
There are two main routes:
● East -West Route between OR Tambo International Airport and
Sandton.
● North – South Route between Park station in Johannesburg and
Hatfield in Pretoria
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 24

Gautrain Bus services

● The Gautrain System is complemented by a dedicated Bus feeder and
distribution system. Each route feeds into the respective station.

There are two types of Buses:

● Mobility Impaired (wheelchair) friendly Bus which is indicated by a sign
on the front window and a D sign next to the Bus number.

● This Bus has two doors – one at the front of the Bus and another door
in the centre of the Bus. The centre door is the access for wheelchairs
with the driver’s assistance.

● Low entrance floors with wide doorways and folding ramps make travel
easier for disabled commuters.

● Single door Bus (non-wheelchair) which has one shared entrance and
exit at the front of the bus.

● When boarding the Bus, you will need to tag in by placing your Gautrain
Gold Card on the card reader.

● The Gautrain bus links to other forms of transport in the Gauteng

province.

● To use the bus feeder and distribution service, each passenger need to
have a valid Gautrain Gold Card on board a Bus and cash is not
accepted on the buses.

● A successful validation is indicated by a validation alert that will sound

and a green light.

● The remaining value on the Gautrain Gold Card will be displayed.

● A failed validation will be showed by a red light and an error message

displayed on the screen.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 25

Parking facilities

● There are almost R1100 parking bays at the different stations.

● Payment is done by swiping the Gautrain Gold Card If you do not have
a Gautrain Gold Card; you may press the green button which gives you
a parking ticket that will give you access to the parking area within the
Gautrain Station.

The benefits of the Gautrain for the tourism industry

● Offers tourist a fast and efficient way of travelling from OR Tambo
international airport to the city and even all the way to Pretoria.

● Opportunity to visit more destinations in the province.

● Job creation.

● Boosts Gauteng’s image as the main business area of South Africa

● Environmentally the Gautrain reduces traffic congestion thus resulting to

a reduction in carbon emissions
New developments on the Gautrain
● A proposed expansion to the Gautrain Rapid Rail Link Network will see
new stations being built in areas such as Boksburg, Roodepoort,
Mamelodi, Irene and Lanseria Airport.

● The expansion project is set to commence at the end of 2024.

● However, the COVID-19 crisis has affected governments finances.

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 26

Activity 3

3. 3.1 The Gautrain has new developments planned by having a route

expansion set to reach more areas in Tshwane and the rest of
Gauteng.
Mention TWO benefits of the Gautrain to the tourism industry

(4)
3.2 State the TWO main routes of the Gautrain (2)
3. 3.3 Name the Gautrain stations which serve as respective stops
from the North- South route. (8)
3. 3.4 Mention TWO other services offered by the Gautrain. (2)

[16]

Self- Assessment 1 from Past examination Question Papers

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 27

Self- Assessment-2 from past examination question papers

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 28

Content Topic 2022: Airports, airlines and airport operations

What the learners need to know about transport services in South Africa:

Tourism airports, airlines and airport operations:

sectors
• Concepts: gateway, inbound, outbound, domestic flights, regional flights, inter-
continental flights, transcontinental flights, transatlantic flights, connecting
flights • Concepts: long-haul flights, medium-haul flights, short-haul flights,
chartered flights, international airports, national airports, privately owned
airports and private landing strips in tourism context

Assessed in the Exam: Section A and D

Transport services in South Africa

LESSON 1: Airports, airlines and airport operations

Background:

The airline industry makes a major contribution to the South African economy,
promoting tourism and accounting for jobs for people employed directly by
airlines, airport operators, ground handling service providers, airport on-site
retailers, aircraft manufacturers and technical services, and air navigation
service providers. Foreign tourists, especially those arriving by air to South
Africa, spend their money in the local economy, supporting restaurants, hotels,
transport providers, and others who cater to tourists.
A total of 472 000 local jobs were supported by the air transport industry,
which includes direct air transport, air transport supply chains, air transport
employee spending and air transport-based tourism. In terms of air routes,
South Africa is well connected internationally.
South Africa is currently (in terms of destination-weighted seats) the most air-
connected country in Africa earning a connectivity score of 29%.
This emphatically affirms the significance of international air transport’s
contribution to the country’s travel and tourism economy.
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From one
continent to
another across
the Atlantic
Ocean
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Domestic airport
Will not have international flights for passengers to other countries.
Will also be called national airport.
ACSA parastatalcompany of government, partly funded by government.
Part of flight ticket will go to ACSA for maintanace,called airport tax.
ACSA only looks after their nine airports.

See the new name changes for 2022

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Activity 1:

AIRPORTS, AIRLINES & AIRPORT OPERATIONS CROSSWORD PUZZLE

Follow the clues and complete the crossword puzzle.

ACROSS

1. Flying across an ocean from SA to Brazil (12)

4. Flight duration is less than 3 hours (9)
5. A flight from your country, crossing the border to another country (8)
8. Flight duration is more than 6 hours (8)

DOWN

2. A flight from another country, entering your country (7)

3. A point of entry in or out of a country (7)
6. Airport has permission to host airplanes straight from other countries (13)
7. A flight with a destination before the final destination is reached (10)
9. Flying between continents involving two or more continents (16)
10. Flying within a specified area like the SADC (8) [1X10=10]
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Activity 2
AIRPORTS, AIRLINES & AIRPORT OPERATIONS WORD QUIZZ
Follow the clues and complete the Word Quiz- encircle the words
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 39

Content topic 2022: South Africa’s International and

national airports
What the leaner needs to know about South Africa’s International and national airports

South Africa’s international and national

airports
• Location on a map
• International status of airports
• Airports operated by Airports company of
Tourism South Africa (ACSA)
Sectors
• Airlines operating in South Africa, such as
SA national carrier. budget airlines,
international carriers operating in South
Africa
• Interpretation of airline timetables

Assessed in exam Section A and D

Lesson 1
Content:

Key words
• National carrier: offers economy and business class seats and
includes in-flight service such as meals and beverages in the price
of ticket (full -service)
• Budget airlines: offers economy class seats only ( either bring your
own or buy on board)
• Timetables :this indicates the time and airports of departure and
arrival of flight that the specific airline operates
• ACSA : Airport Company of South Africa – Airport management
company
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Location of the international and national airports in South Africa

International status of the airports
• An airport is given an international status based on the facilities
they offer like immigration ,checkpoints for international passengers
Airports operated by ACSA
1. National airports
• Kimberley Airport (KIM) located in Kimberly Northern Cape
• George Airport (GR) located at George in Western Cape
• East London ( ELS ) located at East London in Eastern Cape
2. International airports
• OR Tambo International Airport (JNB) located in Kempton Park in
Gauteng
• Cape Town International Airport ( CPT)
• King Shaka International Airport ( DUB) located north of Durban in
Kwa- Zulu Natal
• Bloemfontein International Airport ( BFN ) located near
Bloemfontein in Free State
• Port Elizabeth International Airport (PLZ) located at Port Elizabeth
in the Eastern Cape
• Upington International Airport (UTN) located at Upington in the
Northern Cape
• Pilanesberg International Airport (NTY) located in Rustenburg in
Northwest
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Airlines operating in South Africa

National Carriers
South
African
Airways
(SAA)

Budget Airlines
Mango

Kulula.co
m

International Carries
British
Airways
Operated
by Comair
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Interpretation of timetable
Steps to follow when interpreting airline timetable
1. Find the timetable on the airline’s website – it indicates the flight
numbers and departure and arrival and the name of an airline
2. Select the date and time and duration and the type of flight you
want and the pricing
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Lesson 1
Activity 1

Complete the following table

1. ACSA-operating Names of airports

International airports

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7

2. ACSA-operating Names of airport

national

2.1
2.2
2.3

10x2 =20
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Activity 2
Study the above Mango schedule and answer the questions

A group of five students from Pretoria are intending to attend Youth

seminar on how to use new technologies in the classrooms in
Durban ICC Convention Centre. The seminar will be held on the
16 February 2022 at 8:00. They plan to fly on flight JE251 as they
will sleepover in one of the lodges in Durban

Using the above flight schedule to answer the below questions

2.1 Identify the day and date of their departure (2)

2.2 Determine the flying time of their flight. (2)

2.3 Identify the days of the week that their flight operates on. (2)

2.4 How much will they pay each on a lowest option? (2)

2.5 Name the airport which the group will depart from. (2)
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Content Topic 2022 : Airports and Aircraft terminology and

Seating configuration
ASSESSED IN SECTION D OF AN EXAM PAPER

What the learner needs to know

Lesson 1
Content
Key words to know
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CONCEPT DEFINITION
Landside The side of an airport terminal to which the general public
has unrestricted access.
Terminal An airport terminal is a building at an airport where
passengers transfer between ground transportation and the
facilities that allow them to board and disembark from an
aircraft. Within the terminal, passengers purchase tickets,
transfer their luggage, and go through security.
Airside The part of an airport used by aircrafts for loading and
unloading and take-offs and landings. This area is only
accessible to the passengers and airport staff.
Gate It is a passageway through which passengers walk to
board or disembark an aeroplane or reach ground
transport to carry them to the aircraft.

Check in counter This is a designated area in the airport terminal where

passengers and baggage is checked-in and
boarding passes are issued
Speed check in kiosk Touch-screen enabled machines, located close to
the check-in counters. Passengers can use these
check-in kiosks to check in and print their boarding
passes.

Boarding pass This is a ticket like form, issued at the check in

counter or speed check in kiosk, that allows a pax to
board an aircraft
Security control points These points serve as security measures in the airport
, before pax embark on any flight
Boarding This is a process where both crew and passengers get
on board the aircraft
Carousel Is a conveyer belt, located in the baggage claim area
of the terminal. Passengers bags from their flight are
put onto this belt for passengers to retrieve.
Baggage claim area Its an area in the airport terminal that passengers go to,
after disembarking from their flight to claim their
checked in baggage.
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Lesson 1
Activity 1.1:
Identify the sections of the airport by using the pictures below. Write down only the
answers next to the correct question number.
Number Picture
1.1.1

1.1.2

1.1.3
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1.1.4

1.1.5

1.1.6
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1.1.7

1.1.8

1.1.9
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Activity 1.2
Choose the best option in brackets.

1.2.1 Aircrafts park on the (landside/airside of the building)

1.2.2 The physical area of the airport through which passengers enter to
board or disembark from their flight. (gate/ door)

1.2.3 This check in process can be done without any help from an air-line
staff member. ( check in counter/ speed check in counter)

1.2.4 The contents of a handbag can easily be identified at the (boarding

gate/ security control check point)

1.2.5 A person is unable to board an aircraft without a ( visa/ boarding

pass)

1.2.6 A baggage claim area is a point where (baggage is checked in /

baggage is claimed)

Lesson 2

What to know

• check in and boarding procedures

• baggage allowances

• safety procedure before take off

THE CHECK IN PROCESS

The passenger locates the service counter for

the airline they are using

The following documentation is required for

checking in

1. The passenger’s ID
2. Air ticket
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The passenger is offered a choice of

seats

The passenger is asked if they have any

luggage to check in. Also if they have any
hand luggage ( hand bag ) or dangerous
items in their possession.

The passenger then places their checked

luggage on the scale where it is weighed.

The passenger then receives a boarding

pass and the luggage receipt.

Activity 2.1.

Complete the writing activity by unscrambling the words in Italics.

The passenger locates the _rteuonc of the airline that they are
using. The following documentation must be provided DI and _ria
ktecit_. The passenger will be offered a choice of setsa. Luggage
may be checked in and hand luggage can include dhbganas.
Checked in luggage is then wehgedi. The passenger will then be
issued with a ngbiorad ssap and a gaeuggl tpceire.
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THE BOARDING PROCESS

The passenger goes

through the security Hand luggage is placed
Passenger walks through
checkpoint and through the x-ray
the body scanner
produces the boarding scanner
pass.

Once cleared by security A call for passengers to

The passenger is now
, passenger will wait in board the flight is made
ready to board the flight
the boarding area. over the PA system

BAGGAGE ALLOWANCES

Airlines are only able to carry a certain amount of weight, hence

passengers are restricted according to the allowances made by
each airline. It is important to note that each airline has different
restrictions and may also differ on certain routes Eg: baggage
allowances on the domestic route is different to the international
allowances.
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HAND LUGGAGE

CHECKED IN LUGGAGE

NB: As a traveller, it is important to know the baggage allowance of

the airline that you are flying with.

SAFETY PROCEDURES BEFORE TAKE OFF

Once a passenger enters the aircraft, the flight attendant will check
the boarding pass, before helping the passenger further. The
process thereafter is as follows:

Assist the Helping Helping

Directing
Checking passenger the the
the
the to stow passenger passenger
passenger
boarding away to adjust to fasten
to their
pass hand their their
seat
luggage seats seats.

Airline Jargon- The term pax is used to describe a passenger.

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 54

• once all passengers have been seated the flight attendants

will then go through a compulsory safety procedure process.

• This safety demonstration is done / shown BEFORE the

plane takes off.

The location of the emergency exits

The use of oxygen mask

The use of life jackets in the case of an

emergency water landing

How to fasten and unfasten seatbelts and the

lights that control them

The cabin conditions, including lights, window

shields, seat position, tray tables and
electronic devices.
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Lesson 3

What to know

CONCEPT DEFINITION PICTURE

Aisle Is a passageway
between two
rows of seats

Galley Part of the

aircraft where
the crew prepare
meals for the
passengers

Cockpit This is where the

pilots sit and fly
the aircraft. The
captain is always
seated on the
left hand side.

Overhead A compartment
storage bin where the hand
luggage can be
stowed.
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Tray tables A table in the

back of a seat. It
can be folded
down and used
to eat off.

Cargo hold An area in the

bottom of the
aircraft where
the luggage and
cargo is stowed.

Entertainment On board
entertainment
such as movies,
games and
radio.

Oxygen A rubber device

masks which
automatically
drops down,
when there is a
loss of cabin
pressure.
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Activity 3.1

Complete the crossword using the clues below. Write only the
correct number next to the correct answer.

Clues
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Seating configuration in an aircraft

Lesson 4

What to know

• Wide and narrow body aircrafts

• Travel class sections

• Locating your seat in an aircraft

• Aisle seats and window seats emergency exit seats

Differences between Narrow and Wide bodied aircrafts

NARROW BODIED WIDE BODIED AIRCRAFT

AIRCRAFT
Has a single aisle Has 2 or more aisles
Seats a smaller number of Seats a larger number of pax
pax
Mostly used on short – haul Mostly used on long haul or
flights high demand flights

Travel class sections

• Seats on an aircraft are numbered using the alphabet and

numbers together.
• Seats have letters starting with A. An A seat is always the
seat next to the window on the right hand side of the aircraft
when entering from the front.

Rows are numbered starting from Row 1.

• This means that if a person is sitting in seat 3A, they are on
the right-hand side of the aircraft next to the window in row 3.

Locating your seat in the aircraft

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• Seating information is found on your boarding pass

• This will depend on the type of aircraft as well as the fare

class booked

Aisle and window seats and emergency exits

• Aisle seats are those seats that are in between the 2 rows of
seats and are situated along the passage.

• Window seats are located along the windows of the aircraft.

• Emergency exit seats are located in the front, central and the
back part of the plane. In the event of an emergency these
doors can be opened and passengers can be evacuated
down an escape slide. These exits are only used in an
emergency.

• NB: No children, mothers with babies, the elderly or

physically challenged passengers are allowed to be
seated near the emergency exits.

Activity 4.1

Use the comic below to answer the questions that follow.

4.1 Determine the class that the passengers are travelling in.

4.2 “I’d welcome the upgrade”. Identify which class a passenger can be
upgraded to.
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4.3 Emergency exits seats are always in high demand. Provide a

possible reason for this.

4.4 There are certain groups of people who may not sit near this exit.
Name 2 groups of people.

4.5 Explain one advantage of being seated in an aisle seat.

4.6 Explain your understanding of the word “freight”.

4.7 Explain the sequence in which passengers board the flight.

Activity 4.2

Study the cartoon below and answer the questions that follow.

4.2.1 This passenger is flying in economy class. Identify the limit for his
baggage allowance

4.2.2 Recommend the measures that the passenger should take to get all
his baggage on his flight.

4.2.3 Describe the area of the airport that the passenger may collect his
baggage.
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Content Topic 2022: Technology used at airports

What learners need to know about Technology used at airports
Tourism Technology used at airports
Sectors • Technology at airports to facilitate travel, such as baggage
wrap equipment, X-ray security scanners, biometric
scanners, thermal body scanner, metal detectors,
information display boards, touch screen information
system.
• The use of Smartphones: internet enabled devices for air
travel (ITravel) (electronic information e.g travel documents,
tickets, identification, boarding passes)

Assessed in exam Section A & D

Lesson 1
Content

1. Baggage-wrap Equipment
• This is where a suitcase is wrapped in cling wrap.
• Passengers have an option to use it to prevent the bag from being
opened and goods stolen.
• It also protects the bags from damage
• It costs about R80 to cling wrap a bag.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 62

2. X-ray security scanner

• An x-ray scanner is used to scan hand luggage and other valuables for
prohibited items.
• The scanner picks up items in different shades and experts are able to
analyse these shades.
• These are also called body scanners and they use x-rays to form an
image. It shows the back and front image of a person and is able to
show objects such as hidden weapons, tools, drugs, currency or any
other illegal material.

3. Biometric scanners

This type of scanner uses biological factors such as fingerprints, voice, eye
and facial features, which are unique to every individual. This is used to
identify possible terrorists or criminals.
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4. Thermal body scanner

• This type of scanner also uses the technology of a full body scan using
infrared (heat detection) scanning
• It picks up objects in different shades.
• It is able to pick up any prohibited substance on a person
• This device is sensitive to heat.
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5. Metal detectors
• Metal detectors are available as walk through metal detectors or
handheld metal detectors. These are devices through which a
passenger walks before he goes to the boarding gates.
• A metal detector is able to detect metal objects such as knives, and
guns on a person while not detecting keys and coins.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 65

6. Information display boards

• These boards are found throughout the airport giving information to
passengers.
• People can check these boards for flight details.
• Useful hints and security information may also be displayed on these
boards

7. Touch screen information system

• Touch screen boards display the information that a passenger wants to
see.
• The passenger chooses a category by touching on the relevant
category.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 66

Smartphones
• Are minicomputers and can do everything that a computer can.
• E-tickets are sent to passengers’ phone after he has booked a flight.
• The seat can be chosen online, and an electronic boarding pass be
sent to the passengers’ phone.
• This prevents the passengers from following long ques.
• The passenger can do a bag drop and move through security to the
boarding gate.

ACTIVITY 1

Different technologies are used at airports and on planes.

a) Identify each technological equipment in the pictures below
b) Give the function of each.

1.1.1

1.1.2
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1.1.3

1.1.4

1.1.5

1.1.6

\
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ACTIVITY 2

1. Study the images below and answer the questions that follow:

1.1 State the use of the technology portrayed in A. (2)

1.2 Give ONE advantage for a passenger making use of the machine portrayed (2)
in B.

1.3 Explain the use of the machine portrayed in C. (2)

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 69

Content Topic 2022: The Tourism Bus Industry

What learners need to know about the tourism bus industry

Tourism The Tourism Bus Industry:

Sectors • Major tourist transporters,
• Different types of buses: minibuses, coaches, special purpose buses such
as open-top buses for sightseeing
• Information provided on bus schedules

Assessed in the Exam: Section D and Question 1

The Tourism bus industry

LESSON 1: Major tourist transporters

The tourism bus industry background and major tourist transporters

Background:
The tourism bus industry plays an important role in the tourism industry as it
offers tourist affordable, comfortable means of being able to travel to
different destinations. Transport preferences are dependent on the tourist
needs. Some tourism bus services offered to tourists come in the form of
minibuses, coaches, special- purpose buses, charter buses, open-top buses
for sightseeing, shuttle services, Baz bus. Remember in grade 10 modes of
transport was done as a baseline to understanding the tourism transport
industry and now in grade 11 tourism transport industry is dealt with in detail.
Thus these lessons solely focuses on “The tourism bus industry”.

The different types of buses

There are different types of buses that tourists in South Africa can use for
different purposes. The choice of bus depends on factors such as the tourists
needs and preferences, budget and also purpose of travel as well as desired
destination.
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The Following are the type of buses with examples of transporters.

Minibuses
• Minibuses are a common form of transport in South Africa also known
as taxis, which are commonly used by commuters to get to work from
home.
• Minibuses used as “taxis” don’t have scheduled stops, they are
operated by taxi associations which indicate the routes that taxi driver
follows.
• Minibus taxis are for a short journey within a town or city or between
towns and even between provinces or to neighboring countries.
• However, minibus businesses for tourism purposes are growing in the
tourism industry offering the services of taking tourists to attractions
in an area.

Below is an example of a
minibus operating as tourist
bus transport – the Bokbus
operating in the Garden
route area.

Coaches
Coaches are a form of bus which takes longer journeys

The main coach companies operating in South Africa:

● SA Roadlink used to offer super luxury bus through a network of cities
within South Africa and neighbouring countries. But SA Roadlink is no
longer operating services stopped in 2014 and went into liquidation
(bankruptcy) 2015.
● Greyhound buses but has however stopped transporting passengers in
February 2022.
● Intercape operates bus brands such as: Sleepliner, Mainliner, private
Coach hire and parcel service. Since September 2019 they also offer
Budgetliners
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 71

● The Sleepliner offers has unique sleeper seats while the Mainliner offers
standard seating. See the pictures below of the different brands – look at
the names on the sides of the busses.

Sleepliners Mainliners
Budgetliners below

● The following are the features of the Intercape Sleepliner:

- Seats recline 150 degrees
- Seats have padded memory foam
- Extra legroom with leg rest
- Reserved Seating
- Air conditioning
- On-board toilet
- Secure luggage storage
- Trained professional drivers
- Safe travel environment and unbeatable safety record
- Easy 24-hour reservation facility
- Audio and visual entertainment
- Discounts for families, students, children and senior citizens
- Seats fitted with seat belts
- USB Charging Points
● Autopax operates the brands City-to-City and Translux. City-to-City is a
semi-luxury service while Translux is a luxury inter-city coach.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 72

Activity 1:

1. Briefly explain the TWO different uses of minibuses (4)

2. Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow:

After 37 years in service, South

Africa's most popular bus service,
Greyhound, will stop operating. But
travellers still have many other
options for intercity travel, including
other buses which offer cheaper
fares than Greyhound.09 Feb 2022
Luke Daniel -Business Insider SA
(Getty images)

2.1 State the name of the popular bus service that has stopped operating (1)

2.2 Mention another major bus service that is no longer operational in

South Africa. (1)

2.3 Based on the two bus services that are no longer operational mention
other alternative bus (coach services) available for travellers (4)

3. Coaches usually travel long-haul inter-city routes. Explain what the term (2)
“inter-city” means.

4. Study the advert below and answer the questions that follow:

4.1 Give the name of the Buscompany. (1)

4.2 Give the name of this specific busline of the companyy. (1)

4.3 In your opinion, what is the menaing of the 4 stars. (2)

4.4 Name FOUR features of this spesific busliner. (4)

[20]
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 73

LESSON 2: Special- purpose buses

Charter buses

● Charter buses are private buses hired out for to suit the needs of the
clients.
● Charter buses are often used for group tours.
● International and domestic tourist use charter buses
● Charter buses follow a specific itinerary to suit the needs of the group.
● Type of charter bus depends on the size of the group, the buses usually
come in 14,21,33, or 44 passengers.

Open-top buses for sightseeing

● Cape Town and Johannesburg have open- top sightseeing used for
sightseeing.
● The bus is red in colour with an open on top, so that passengers can sit
in the open air
● When tourists use the city sightseeing bus, they are given Hop- on and
Hop off tickets
● The Hop on-Hop off enable tourists to get off at any of the stops near the
attraction they want to visit.
● Once they have visited the attraction, they return to the bus stop and wait
for the next bus to proceed to the next attraction. Buses run every day
and there is a bus available every 20 minutes.
● Examples of City-sightseeing bus routes in Johannesburg
Explore Johannesburg “City of Gold” with over 16 bus stops taking you
to over 20 of Johannesburg top attractions.

Johannesburg City sightseeing bus offers three kind of tours:

Green Tour:
Starting point: Rosebank Sunday
Market -Zoo lake – Johannesburg
Zoo-Military Museum End point:
Constitution Hill.
City Tour :
Constitution Hill- Carlton Centre -
Apartheid museum
Soweto Tour:
Known as the “New York of Africa”
Highlights of Soweto tour:
• FNB Stadium, Diepkloof, Chris Hani
Baragwanath Hospital, Bara Taxi
Rank, Orlando Towers, Hector
Pietersen Memorial, Vilakazi Street,
• Kliptown Open Air Museum
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 74

The Cape Town City site seeing bus offers three kinds of routes in and
around Cape Town and 30 stops.
• Cape Town City Tour to Table
Mountain
• Mini Peninsula Tour-takes place at
the back of table mountain’s
Southern slopes which include
Kirstenbosch gardens
• Constantia Valley Wine bus- The
tour takes you to three wine stops:
Groot Constantia, Eagles' Nest and
Beau Constantia
• Features on the bus include: on-
board audio commentary in 15
languages (English, Afrikaans,
Arabic, French, German, Dutch,
Italian, Japanese, Mandarin,
Portuguese, Russian, Spanish,
Swedish, Turkish and Zulu)
A special audio channel for kids to .
enjoy

Shuttle Services

Shuttle services/bus

• Shuttle bus is a bus that travels regularly between two places. For
example, between the airport and accommodation. Shuttle is flexible - it
runs at times and on routes that the clients need.

Baz Bus

• The Baz Bus is a hop-on hop-off bus service from Johannesburg to Cape
Town via Durban, Port Elizabeth and many other towns (more than 40 in
total), stopping at many backpacker hostels on the way.
• Not only is it convenient for anybody wanting to see the South Africa, but
you also travel with like-minded crazed backpackers, and get driven right
to the door of your youth hostel (in South African that is the safe way to
travel).
• The Baz Bus company uses 19-22-seater coaches to transport tourists.
Disadvantages of Baz Bus
• At peak times, you have to book your seat well ahead.
• The Baz buses are a little more cramped than Intercape and Greyhound
busses.
• It is more expensive than taking a Greyhound, Intercape bus between
cities; but they don't operate a hop-on hop-off system
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 75

Advantages of Baz Bus

• You get to meet other backpackers.
• No need to do route planning and buy maps.
• You can snog and doze away whilst someone else does the driving.
• You can spontaneously decide to jump off at any town on route, should
you see a place that inspires you to do so.
• There is an on-board video player.
• No need to rent a car, navigate on your own and possibly get lost
• This saves fuel costs and reduces your carbon footprint.
• Baz Bus will take you straight to your backpacker youth hostel (no need
to carry bags between hostels and train or bus stations)
Baz Bus route map and stops.

Activity 2:

1. State THREE routes travelled by the City sightseeing in Johannesburg. (3)

2. A German tourist would like to explore the city of Cape Town;

recommend the most suitable bus he can use that will give him a
maximum value for money experience. Motivate with TWO reasons for
your choice. (4)

3. State the THREE routes travelled by the City sightseeing bus in the
Mother City (Cape Town). (3)

4. The German tourist arrives at Cape Town International Airport, needs to

make way to his respective hotel. Recommend the most suitable type of (2)
transport that can transport him to his hotel.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 76

5. Zinzi a backpacker tourist is interested in exploring South Africa trough

using backpacker friendly transport that is also complemented by
backpacker friendly accommodation hostels. Provide Zinzi with the
name of the bus service that suits her interests. Provide a brief (4)
description of the bus service she should use.

6. State TWO advantages of using Baz Bus. (4)

7. State TWO disadvantages of using Baz Bus. (4)

[24]

Lesson 3

Bus Schedules

• Schedules indicate departure and arrival times as well as prices

• A schedule is a list of stops arranged according to the time they will be
at that point. Nowadays schedules are found on the bus company
website as well as ticket sales booking offices.

Activity 3

Study the bus schedule below and answer the questions that follow:
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 77

3.1 Use the schedule and provide the following information:

3.1.1 Name of bus company (1)

3.1.2 Departure time and departure location (2)
3.1.3 Arrival time and arrival destination (2)
3.1.4 Date of departure (2)
3.1.5 Duration of the trip (1)

3.2 Explain the term “Mainliner” (2)

[10]

Self- Assessment 1 from Past examination Question Papers

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 78

Content Topic 2022: The luxury cruise liner industry

GRADE 11 SUBJECT Tourism

The luxury cruise liner industry

Topic

The luxury cruise liner industry

o Concepts:, Port, Cruise Terminal, Cabins, Suites, Decks
ATP
o Facilities and entertainment on board

ASSESSED IN TOURISM SECTORS

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 79

UPDATE

South Africans may get their 2020/2022 cruise season

after all
Travellers who cancelled their cruises due to Covid-19 may get the chance to sail the
seas during South Africa's summer season, which kicks off in November.

Managing Director for MSC Cruises South Africa Ross Volk told IOL Travel that the
cruise company is considering all options to launch its operations in South Africa in
time for the 2020/2022 cruise season.

We are engaging with government at all levels to ensure that all factors have been
considered, which include extensive health and safety protocols. We are confident
that by the time of our first sailing, the situation ashore with the global Covid-19
pandemic will have improved sufficiently to allow for people to start thinking even
more freely about taking a holiday.
“Should these extreme circumstances change over the coming months, we will
respond with an applicable solution that embraces our ethos of health and safety
first,” he said.

MSC Cruises revealed its Winter 2020/2022 Season (SA summer) schedule this
week. The schedule offers over 90 different itineraries across the Caribbean,
Mediterranean, the Gulf, South Africa, South America and Asia. Itineraries range in
length from two to 24 nights, along with the third MSC World Cruise departing in
January 2022 and an extensive Grand Voyages programme.

The company announced that in South Africa, MSC Orchestra, which replaces the
MSC Musica, will offer a range of cruises from either Durban or Cape Town to
destinations including Maputo, Mozambique, Portuguese Island, Pomene,
Mozambique and Port Elizabeth, as per the originally planned itinerary.

MSC Opera will operate the planned itinerary from Cape Town and Durban. There
will also be a 14-night New Year cruise on MSC Orchestra that will sail to five
destinations, including an overnight stay in Port Louis in Mauritius.

Volk added: “Guests who were affected by the cancellations have been offered
future cruise vouchers for the value of their cruise package for the winter 2020/21
season in South Africa.”

Extract from managing director of MSC Cruises Ross Volk

 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 80

Content
What the learner needs to know
Lesson 1
These are concepts that learners must be familiar with in order to understand this
topic
CONCEPT DEFINITION PICTURE
Port A port is a maritime facility
which may comprise one or
more wharves where ships may
dock to load and discharge
passengers and cargo. It is
usually situated on a sea coast
or estuary

Cruise terminal A passenger terminal is a

structure in a port which
services passengers boarding
and leaving water vessels such
as ferries, cruise ships and
ocean liners.

Cabin Your room on a cruise ship is

called a cabin (or stateroom)
and is similar to a hotel room,
but typically much smaller.

Suite A large apartment-like layout

with separate living area, one or
two bedrooms with attached
bathrooms and most times, a
dining area as well. Most of
these suites have living rooms
and bedrooms separated by a
solid partition like a door.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 81

Deck Decks are the main horizontal

parts of a ship's structure. The
crew stand and walk on
the deck. A deck is the floor of
a boat or ship

*Facility What the tourist can make use

of eg: gift shop, gym, swimming
pool, casino etc

*Services What the establishment can

offer the tourist eg: laundry
service, child minding service,
foreign exchange service etc.

*Learners must know these concepts as they are applicable in this

industry as well.
Activity 1.1:
Unscramble these Key concepts in the table below. Write down the unscrambled
word and the correct definition.
SCRAMBLED WORD UNSCRAMBLED WORD DEFINTION
NBCAI
TUSEI
KCDE
ESRCUI MNIALTRE
TORP
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 82

LESSON 2
What the learner needs to know
The types of facilities and services that can be found onboard a cruise ship.
This may differ due to the size and routes of the ship.

• FACILITIES AND ENTERTAINMENT ON BOARD

Facility- What the tourist can make use of. There are many facilities for
tourist to use onboard. Some examples include: Swimming pool, casino,
gym, gift shops, beauty salons, restaurants, spa, bars etc.

TYPES OF FACILITIES Bar Pool

Gift shop Gym Casino

Spa

Service- What the establishment can offer the tourist. These are varied
services and can range extensively depending on the size of the ship
and the routes they follow. Some examples include: laundry service,
beauty service, room service, child minding, foreign exchange, post
office, reception service etc.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 83

Beauty

Child
Minding

Types of Foreign
Exchange
Services
House
keeping

Activity 2.1

Dear Diary

Day 1
All packed for the cruise, finally, all my best dresses ,swimsuits, shorts,
it's SO exciting.
This will be my first cruise, and I can't wait.

Day 2
Entire day spent at sea. Saw dolphins and whales.
Met the Captain today, he seems like a very nice man.

Day 3
Spent most of the day at the pool, played shuffleboard, hit some golf balls off
the deck.
Captain invited me to join him at his table for dinner.
I felt very honoured and I had a wonderful time.

Day 4
Won $800 in the ship's casino! Captain asked me to have dinner with him in
his own cabin! We had a scrumptious meal. complete with caviar and
champagne.

Day 5
Pool again, but got sunburned, so I went into the Piano bar for a drink and
stayed there the rest of the day.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 84

Day 6
Cruise over already!!. Had to disembark with more baggage than expected.
Cant wait for my next cruise. !!

Read the Diary entry of Ms Jones. Complete the following entry

of her trip.

Mrs Jones had to embark the ship at a p……..She choose a

higher d …….. c……. that had an ocean view. This room was
especially large and looked like an apartment. It is commonly
known as a s…….. Some of the features of this room include a
separate dining area. Included in the cruise was the use of all
the f……. and s…… on board. She especially enjoyed a day at
the p…. even though she got sunburned. To ease her sunburn,
she utilised the service of the s…… to ease some of her
discomfort. Later, when she was invited to the C……….. dinner
she showed off her new hairstyle that she decided on while at
the B…. S…. The dinner made her evening and the cherry on
top was winning $800 at the c………which she spent at the
G……… on board. After a wonderful holiday aboard on a cruise
liner, Mrs Jones had to d…….. with more “baggage than
expected”.

Self assessment activity 1: ( from past exam papers)

1
With MSC Cruises offering packages along the coast of South
Africa this has become a popular type of holiday

1.1 Discuss THREE reasons why you would recommend a

cruising holiday.
(3)
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 85

Self assessment activity 2: ( from past papers )

2 Look at the picture below and answer the questions.

2.1 Explain the term cruise terminal. (1)

2. 2 Cruise liners are sometimes referred to as floating hotels. State

the reason for this. (2)

Self Assessment activity 3: ( from past papers)

You are a travel agent. A prospective passenger

phones you to enquire about a holiday on board the
MSC Opera.
Write a descriptive PARAGRAPH include the following
in you paragraph:
• Explain why a holiday on a cruise liner would be (2)
an ideal holiday.
• The types of cabins available. (2)
• Type of entertainment they could expect on
board. (2)
• Payment options or methods on board the ship
(2)

[8]
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 86

Content Topic 2022: Car Rental

What the learners should know:

Tourism Car rental:

Sectors • Introduction to the car rental industry in South Africa (use major
car rental companies in South Africa)
• Conditions for renting a vehicle (age, driver’s licence,
creditworthy, signing of contract)
• Different rental packages/options
• Insurances: CDW, TLW v/s SCDW, STLW and PAI
• Additional costs and charges: tourism levy, fuel deposits and
charges, airport surcharges, additional driver charges,
contract fee, delivery and collection charges, cross-border
fees, optional equipment
• Incidental costs: administration fee for accidents, traffic fines

Assessed in the Exam: Question 7

Introduction to the car rental industry in South Africa

Renting a car provides a flexible means of transport to tourists, because tourists can drive
themselves to where they need to be, instead of having to rely on public transport.

Tourists must make sure that the rental car is big enough for their luggage.

Major car rental companies in South Africa

• Major car rental companies in South Africa are Avis, Budget, Europcar, Hertz,
Tempest and Thrifty.
• The bigger car rental companies have offices at all the major airports in South Africa
as well as additional offices in the main cities and towns in South Africa and the
smaller companies operate in a particular region or province only.
• The Southern African Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association (SAVRALA) is the
industry association for the car rental industry
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 87

Conditions for renting a vehicle

• There are some conditions for renting a car, the most important of these
conditions is that the renter must have a valid driver’s licence.
• Most car rental companies require that the renter be above a certain age
between 21 and 23 depending on the company.
• The renter must have a credit card with enough funds available to cover the
costs of the rental as well as any insurance amounts that the insurance on the
car does not cover, this also indicates that the person is creditworthy.
• All car rental companies require renters to sign a rental contract or rental
agreement which outlines the conditions of the rental.

Rental packages and options

• Car rental companies give better rates for longer rentals.

• Offer special rates over weekends to encourage leisure tourists to rent a car
• Car rental companies offer cars from small to minibuses for rental, the more
features the car has, the higher the rental rates.
• The rental rate includes a certain travel distance per day.
• For every kilometre that the renter travels in addition to this allowance, there is a
fee per kilometre.
• When the renter returns the car to the car rental company, a company official
checks the number of kilometres that the car has travelled during the rental
period.

Insurances

• There are different types of insurance that renter can take out when they rent a
car, to help reduce the impact of different risks.
• CDW ( collision damage waiver) cover for accident or collision, it reduces the
renter’s liability if the vehicle suffers damage in an accident .
• TLW ( theft loss waiver) covers the theft of the vehicle, if someone steals the car
, the renter must pay a set amount only.
• In both CDW and TLW the amount that the insurance does not cover is the
excess.
• To pay less excess, the renter can choose a higher car rental rate that includes
super collision damage waiver.
• SCDW ( super collision damage waiver)
• STLW ( super theft loss waiver)
• PAI (personal accident insurance) compensate the renter in case of injury in an
accident and to cover the cost of medical treatment of these injuries
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 88

Additional costs and charges:

As with any contract, there are additional costs, some of which are included in the
rental fees and some of which are not included.
Costs that are included in the rental fees:
Tourism levy – 1% levy, additional driver charges, contract fee, delivery and collection
charges, cross-border fees, optional equipment such as GPS and child seats.
Costs that are charged at the end:
Fuel deposits and charges, airport surcharges

Incidental costs:
Administration fee for accidents and traffic fines.

Activity 1
Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 89
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 90

Activity 2
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 91

Activity 3
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 92

Content Topic 2022: The Domestic Tourism Growth Strategy

SUBJECT Tourism GRADE 11

Topic Domestic, regional and international tourism

The Domestic Tourism Growth Strategy (DTGS) 2022 – 2020

• The state of domestic tourism in South Africa (Explanation without
statistics)
ATP • Why a DTGS? (problem statement and vision – no statistics)
• List current trends influencing tourism, with very short explanation
• The domestic marketing campaign
https://www.tourism.gov.za/AboutNDT/Branches1/domestic/Documents/Domestic%20T
ourism%20Growth%20Strategy%202012-%202020.pdf

Assessment in the exam: Section A and Section E

The state of domestic tourism in South Africa

Key concepts:
1 Domestic tourism 8. Growth
2 Objectives 9. Strategy
3 Trends
4 Vision
5 Competition
6 Direct jobs
7 Indirect jobs

The domestic tourism sector in South Africa contributes directly and

indirectly to the economy of the country.
Tourism is a larger contributor to the economy than agriculture, but
contributes less than the mining sector and construction
The tourism industry is also listed as one of the key industries in job
creation by creating about 40 000 jobs in 5 years. In 2016, one in every
23 people were directly employed in the tourism sector.
[http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=11030- 19 April 2022]
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 93

What is the DTGS?

The Domestic Tourism Growth
Strategy is a plan set by the
government that focuses on
the growth of domestic
tourism in South Africa
This a combined effort
from the Department of
Tourism, SATourism
and the nine provincial
tourism authorities.

The state of domestic tourism in 2011

• In 2011 the statistics showed a decrease (decline) in the number of
domestic trips
• Most of the tourists were VFR tourists (Visit Family and Relatives). VFR
tourists spend less on tourism products.
• The most common activities for holiday tourists were shopping, social
activities, visit natural attractions, beaches and nightlife.

Why a DTGS? (From 2012 onwards …)

• There is a lack of travel culture amongst South African. The previously
disadvantages communities because they did not have exposure and the
opportunities to the concept of travel.
• In some areas in South Africa the tourism products have limited
development.
• The rate of domestic tourism contribution to the GDP of the country was not
enough.
• Most South Africans never had the opportunity or the desire to travel for
specific reasons.
Some people that stay in our beautiful country never travelled within the country
as tourists. What keeps them from travelling?
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 94

Vision of the DTGS:

“G r o w in g d o m e s t ic t o u r is m f o r a s u s t a in a b le t o u r is m e co n o m y”
(DTGS 2012)

There are seven (7) trends that have a very big influence on tourism in South
Africa.

COMPETITION:
TRENDS THAT
• Wider variety of
products INFLUENCE TOURISM IN
TECHNOLOGY:
• More affordable SOUTH AFRICA • Social media
• More accessible • Better transport –
• Service Excellence Gautrain
TOURISM MARKETS AND
EMERGING INDUSTRY:
ECONOMIC: • SIT tourism
• Higher living costs,
• Shorter breaks
leads to less
• More low-cost tourism NATURAL
disposable income
• Tourism is a leisure ENVIRONMENT :
activity • Less mass tourism –
awareness of
damage
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL:
• Natural disasters
POLITICAL (LEGAL): • Risks of diseases / pandemics
• Green energy usage
• Instability – less • Older populations / wealthier –
– tourists like to visit
tourists travel more
• Laws protect tourism • Safe and secure destinations
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 95

The domestic tourism marketing campaign:

Logo for the campaign:

The campaign needs to encourage South Africans to take advantage of all the
beautiful attractions – that international tourists enjoy when visiting the country.

The campaign is supported by five pillars:

1. Brand marketing – Traditional media and social media platforms will be
used.

2. Word of mouth – A South African user-generated road map with

recommendations for travel and day trips in South Africa

3. Industry participation – Promote affordable but exciting packages to trigger

the will to travel and explore

4. Event promotion and packaging – Events will be held across the country
including sports, music, lifestyle and cultural events

5. Direct consumer engagement – Information provision and public relations

should get the tourists involved in the process of exploring the country.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 96

The DTGS is underpinned (supported) by the following values:

Responsible tourism: Respect for the environment and the local
community

Respect for culture and heritage: Culture and heritage of the people
involved in tourism must be protected – for future tourists to enjoy and for
the legacy of the people to go on.

Service Excellence: Personal contact and service excellence is important

to ensure positive feedback that results in repeat visits

Sector transformation: All South Africans should form part of the national
economy (BBBEE Act 53/2003)

Transparency: All people involved should understand the process. This

is the reason why the DTGS is published.

Integrity: It ensures that people are treated fairly, service providers are
honest and do what is right.

Activity 1:
Define the following concepts:
1.1 Domestic tourism
1.2 International tourism
1.3 Campaign
1.4 Strategy
1.5 Trend
1.6 Word of mouth (6)
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 97

Activity 2:
Match the reactions from people in Column B with the reason not to travel
in Column A. Write it out in full – do not only write the question number
and the letter.

Column A Column B
2.1 No time for holidays A “Our geyser had to be replaced,
we used our savings for it”
2.2 Not enough money to go on B “I don’t understand this
holiday excitement about travel, I rather
stay at home”
2.3 Unemployment C “I am so busy at work – even
work on weekends”
2.4 Not interested / dislike D “I would like to go on holiday –
travel but where do I start in planning it”
2.5 Confused / does not know E “Unfortunately, I do not have a
how to do it. job anymore, thanx to COVID-19”
F “The tourism industry does not
advertise their products” (5)

Activity 3:
Refer to the trends that influence the tourism industry and answer the
questions: Give the trend that is referred for each of the following:

3.1 Good interest rates, less debts, higher disposable income,

3.2 Consumer Protection Act of South Africa
3.3 Niche markets, Avitourism
3.4 Safety and security
3.5 Responsible tourism, less pollution,
3.6 Facebook, Twitter, Instagram,
3.7 Cheaper packages, more accommodation establishments (7)

Activity 4:
Refer to the vision of the DTGS. Explain how domestic tourism will contribute to
a sustainable tourism economy. (4)

TOTAL: 22
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 98

Content Topic 2022: The Domestic Tourism Growth Strategy

SUBJECT Tourism GRADE 11

Topic Domestic, regional and international tourism

The five (5) domestic market segments. Focus on the profile of the
segment, why they travel (or not) and the type of travel / holiday they
prefer (no % needed)
ATP
The four strategic objectives and targets of the DTGS and the
implementation plan to meet these objectives: List and shortly explain
the activities / actions (no statistics, role players or time frames)

Assessment in the exam: Section A and Section E

The five domestic market segments

Activity 1:
Use a dictionary or Google and find the definitions of the following
concepts:

1 Domestic tourism 7 Expenditure

2 Market 8 Seasonality
3 Segments 9 Peak season
4 Segmentation 10 Off-peak periods
5 Objectives 11 Geographical spread
6 Segment profiles 12 Length of stay (12)

It is important that the service providers (role players) know what the
tourists want. They use segmentation to understand the tourists better.
Segmentation: grouping of people according to similar needs and
preferences.

Why is segmentation necessary?

Segmentation allows the service providers:
Create products that will encourage the segments to travel more and
spend more
Do marketing of specific products to the segments through a channel
that the consumers understand.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 99

How does a profile for segmentation look like?

Ø Race
Ø Income bracket
Ø Why they travel
Ø Kind of travel or holiday experience
Ø Which types of holidays they not prefer
Ø Which message is used in the market for the segment

Activity 2: The five segments of domestic tourists:

Match the blocks to build the names of the segments:
(Hint: the shapes belong together)

S p ont a neou s
Families L if e
Families

E x p lo r e r s Mzanzi

New

Seekers
H ig h Well-to-
Budget do
Leisure

Horizon
E n t h u s ia s t s
Seasoned
(5)
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 100

FIVE
DOMESTIC
TRAVEL
SEGMENTS

Age:
I n com e: Race:
18 – 24 years
About R5000
All Races
disposable
income/month S pontaneous
b u d g e t e x p lo r e r s Pr e f e r r e d
M a r k e t in g Holidays: To
m e ssage : discover new
Weekend people, place
holidays, many and
activities. adventures.
Some prefer a Escape the
quiet weekend monotony of
getaway
life
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 101

Income: Race:
Age:
R5000 – R10000
35 Years and older Black, Indian
disposable
income/month
and Coloureds

N e w H o r iz o n
M a r k e t in g
f am ilie s Pr e f e r r e d
m e ssage : Holidays: To
Like to use educate their
specials on children,
flights and broaden their
accommodation. perspectives.
Quality time
Family time.
with family.
Reward hard
Reward for
work.
hard work.

I n com e: R ac e: H ig h L if e
R10 000 and Black, Coloured
more disposable and Indian E n t h u s ia s t s
income/month

M a r k e t in g
Pr e f e r r e d
m e ssage :
h o lid a y s : Domestic
Travel is a way to
travel is the
boost their social
quickest and
status. They like
easiest way to
to experience the
finer things in enjoy world-
life class
experiences

A ge:
25 – 45 years
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 102

M a r k e t in g
m e ssage :
S e a s o n e d L e is u r e
South Africa S eekers
is offering
many ways to
escape, relax A ge: Preferred
and spend 25 – 45 holidays:
Race:
quality time years Travel is a way
White of life and it is
with loved
like a necessity.
ones
They grew up
going on holiday.
I n com e: They
R5 000 understand the
and more value of travel
disposable experiences.
Like to relax
income
and spend time
per month with loved ones.
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 103

W e ll - t o - d o M z a n z i
f am ilie s

Preferred holidays: Race:

Travel is about Black M a r k e t in g
escaping the city. m e ssage :
They like to spend Break
with family and
A ge:
25 – 45 away from
friends in new and
different locations. years the daily
They like to show pressures,
their children with
different ways of I n com e: family or
life. R10 000 and more friends
disposable income
per month

Activity 3:

3.1 Identify the segments that travel with a budget of more than R10 000
disposable income. (2)

3.2 Select the age group used for most of the segments. (1)

3.3 Define: Disposable Income (2)

3.4 A traveller from London visits South Africa. Explain why this (2)
segmentation is not applicable to the tourist.

3.5 Give a reason why a marketing message is important. (2)

TOTAL: 14
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 104

Objectives of the DTGS

There are certain actions put in place to reach the objectives:

1. Increase the domestic tourism revenue (tourism income)

2. Increase the domestic tourism volume (tourism numbers)

3. To enhance measures and efforts in addressing seasonality and

geographical spread

4. To enhance the level of the culture of tourism / travel amongst South

Africans

Objective 1: Increase the domestic tourism revenue

How to get the tourists to take more trips, stay longer at the
destination, spend more money at the destination and while
on holiday?

• Assist the tourism industry’s understanding of the needs of domestic

tourists
• Maintain the infrastructure
• Promote same day trips at places like museums, buildings of cultural
value and other attractions
• Cooperation with the sports associations to promote pre- and
posttourism activities
• Target business tourism and develop pre- and post-tours for the
business tourists
• The availability of discounted rates for tourism products
• Focus on packages for Special Interest Tourists – bikers, stokvels,
vintage car clubs
• More effective Tourism information Centres
• Marketing at wider networks e.g. petrol stations, touch screens,
mobile apps and radio stations.

Objective 2: Increase the domestic tourism volume

How to get more tourists to travel?

• Promotion of packages that will make travel affordable and attractive.

• Introduce Domestic Travel Cards e.g. Wild Card of SANParks
• Cheaper travel – use media platforms like TV, social media, radio)
• Advertisements that indicate how easy and affordable it is to travel
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 105

Objective 3: Better measures to address seasonality and

geographical spread

Seasonality: How to get the tourists to travel more in the low

season (off-peak season)?
Geographical spread: How to get tourists to travel to all the
provinces – not only to the popular provinces like KZN,
Gauteng, Western Cape?

• Survey on which resorts/parks/nature reserves owned by the

government are over-utilised or under-utilised.
• Develop and have packages available that link experiences across
the country
• Conferencing
• Support to the provinces to host at least ONE mega event during the
low season and less visited provinces (music festivals, sports, cultural
or religious gatherings)
• Pre and post event tours to lengthen the stay of the visitors
• Provincial marketing offices to assist with marketing of the provinces

Objective 4: A better the culture of travel among

South Africans

Introduce South Africans to travel – all races must know how, when
and where to travel.

• Develop a Tourism Awareness Campaign

• Promote interprovincial school tours
• Awareness campaigns to promote culture e.g. “Back to our Roots
campaign”
• Promote a culture of voluntourism linked to Corporate Social
Responsibility
• Training programmes/ campaigns for the public sector e.g Fundi
(training of local travel consultants) and Know Your Country/City
Campaign
• Develop the most Responsible Tourism Town Competition – the
focus point is Universal Accessibility
• Sho’t Left Campaign
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 106

Activity 4:

4.1 Objective 1 refers to a higher tourism revenue. Revenue refers to

more … (1)

4.2 Objective 2 refers to a higher tourism volume. Volume refers to more … (1)

4.3 Define:
Voluntourism (2)

4.4 “Promote same day trips at places like museums, buildings of cultural
value and other attractions”
Explain how this strategy will succeed in the objective of a higher
revenue. (2)

4.5 “Advertisements that indicate how easy and affordable it is to travel”

Discuss this strategy in convincing more tourists to travel (Objective 2) (2)

4.6 “Conferencing”
This is a very good method to overcome seasonality. Discuss the
statement. (2)

4.7 Explain why a culture of travel is absent for some South Africans. (2)
 Grade 11 Tourism P a g e | 107

Content Topic 2022: Culture and Heritage

KEY WORDS SYNONYMS MEANING

Architecture Style The art , design and construction of buildings

Archeological Related to the study of life and culture through
recovery and examination of material remains as evidence
Culture Customs Way of life
Cuisine Foods Food cooked and enjoyed by members of the same
cultural group
Diversity Variety A range of different people or things
Dress Clothing Ceremonial or customary clothes worn by people
belonging to the same cultural group
Doeks Headgear Cloths folded in triangles and tied around a women’s
head to cover her hair
Fable Story A story that has a lesson to teach the reader

Folklore Myths Traditional beliefs, practices, stories and songs of a

culture handed out orally to the next generation.
Ochre Golden yellow or earthly brown colour
Heritage Legacy Origins or the inherited traditions of a group of people :their
shared history
Maritime Sea To do with the sea

Meteorite The remains of a meteor(a piece of rock in space that burns

up when it enters the earth’s atmosphere) that has landed on
the earth

Minstrels Cape Coons Musicians , people that play musical instruments

Old traditions Background Telling of the stories that are not written down which are
remembered by older generations and passed down their
children

Paleontologica Related to the study of life forms represented by the fossils

l
of plants ,animals and other organisms

Rainbow Many colours The nickname of south Africa cause of its variety of cultural
nation
and racial groups

Recreation leisure An activity done for enjoyment not work

Rituals The series of actions used in a religious or other ceremony

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Rondavel A round hut

Tolerance Patience The willingness to accept others who are different

Tradition custom Passing of the customs and beliefs from one generation to
another

Voortrekkers Dutch immigrants to Cape who made great trek north

to
escape the British occupation of the Cape

Unique The only one of a particular type

Artefact An object made by a human being , an item of cultural or

Historical interest

Ethnic Characteristic to/of a cultural group

THE SOUTH AFRICAN CULTURAL UNIQUENESS

• Culture- a set of shared norms and values which establish a sense of identity
for those who share them, typically applied at the level of nation or race
*South African cultural uniqueness depend on the cultures that are
dominant in those provinces e.g KZN – Zulu culture
*culture includes the way of life of a community , the social
interaction between members , the way they celebrate special
occasions , how they build their homes , what language they
speak as well as their many traditions and customs
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ASPECTS OF CULTURE

• Folklore-includes stories , myths or legends e.g story telling

• Dress-Traditional dress in S.A reflect different cultural influences and often
show status of men and women in the community
• Cuisine-South African cuisine(food) varies according to culture and make use
of what is available and in season
• Gumboots dancing- cultural practices in S.A developed not according to
ethnic or religious cultures but as a result of people’s everyday working lives,
one of the most aspect of mine culture is gumboots dancing
• Township kwaito art- kwaito lyrics often address social issues like violence
and crime racism ,HIV and Aids and women’s safety, tis culture is unique to
S.A, performances can be experienced in night clubs around Soweto
• Traditional medicine and healing –S.A has a rich heritage of wild plants and
animals, some f these plants and animals have medicinal properties,
traditional medicine uses these plants and animal products to cure many
different problems
q two types of traditional healer
§ inyanga-uses herbs and other plants to treat mainly health problems
§ A sangoma-is a healer who uses spiritual methods of diagnosing and treating
problems they can be financial or relationship problems. sangomas use both
plants and animal products to treat problems
v Small chiefdoms with traditional leaders -traditional leaders includes kings
,queens chiefs and headmen, traditional leaders inherit their positions ,they
are born and raised to play leadership roles in their communities
v Ndebele Art
-Ndebele people are famous for their colourful work of art, the art of beadwork
is very important to the ethnic
identity of the Ndebele people E.G dolls, cars m animals and jewellery
v Zulu Dancers in traditional clothing-
-traditional dance is a major part of the Zulu culture ,traditional dress is very
important in the Zulu dance , because dancer’s clothing represent his or her
role and position in the society , the dancer’s age, gender and rank determine
the dancer’s position
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FOLKLORE
• Folklore is part of our intangible heritage
• Folklore as an attraction can be experienced at museums enacted battle
fields and monuments
• For centuries, people have protected their stories from loss by telling them
over and over again
• All societies tell stories to their children as forms of entertainment and
education.
• The medium of language is as important as the message it carries
• Even if a story is about talking animal, princes or kings addresses real moral
issues
• Stories help us to understand who we are, where we come from
• Folklore is in a form of oral history or story telling

DRESS

• Dress forms part of cultural identity

• The dress in Gauteng is a reflection of its diversity of all cultures
• The different cultural attires have meaning for particular occasions, Most of
the cultural traditional attire is worn during celebrations e.g weddings,
initiation rituals, baptisms and funerals

• There is also and influence of township, western, East and North African with
new African type of cultural attire that is worn in Gauteng

SOUTH AFRICAN HERITAGE BODIES BODIES

v WHAT IS CULTURAL HERITAGE- can be defined as all material collected

and displayed by the museum and monuments, it includes a number of sites
and monuments that have meaning for a section of people or cultural group
and that forms part of the heritage of that community
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v ASPECTS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE

*Places, buildings, structures and equipment of cultural significance
*Historical settlements
*Archaeological and Paleontological sites
*Graves and cemeteries
*Folklore ,traditional healing and sangomas
*Township talk ,music and dance
*Chiefdoms and traditional leaders

WHAT IS A NATITIONAL HERIGE SITE

v In South Africa are structures or areas of land declared by the South African
Heritage Resource Agency(SAHRA) to be of historic or cultural importance .
§ SAHRA is responsible for museum , heritage resources , geographical
names and libraries.it is a national administrative body responsible for the
protection of South Africa’s cultural heritage ,and records the heritage
resources of the national estate.

FUNCTIONS OF SAHRA
• Protection of South Africa’s heritage
• Managing heritage resources as part of their planning process.
• Promoting education and training to encourage public involvement in
identifying heritage resources
• Identifying ,conserving and the management of South African cultural
resources
• Preserving heritage resources of cultural significance for the present and the
future generation.
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q National heritage sites includes:

*Hector Peterson memorial
*Nelson Mandela House
*Union Building
*The owl house
*Groot Constantia

Heritage Sites
that are protected by
South African Heritage Bodies
v BURIAL GROUNDS AND GRAVES

*Soldiers and civilian graves outside and inside

*Graves of freedom fighters who died because of political struggle
*Graves of individuals who served their people, like kings or political leaders

v SHIPWRECKS

• These are heritage resources that carried historical information about the lives
of the crew and passengers
• Shipwrecks show the type of cargo,tools, food, and clothing for example of the
crew and passengers
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v STRUCTURES OLDER THAN 60 YEARS

• All structures older than 60 years are also protected areas

• Nothing should be removed, demolished or changed ,a permit is required to
do so.

v METEORITES

TSWAING METEORITE CRATER

• A good example is the Tswaing crater North of Pretoria

• Meteorites are space rocks that fall to earth
• They form a crater from the impact as they hit the earth
• Meteorites are regarded as heritage Sites
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PROVINCIAL HERITAGE SITES

• PAHRA-Provincial Heritage Resource Agency
-it is responsible for compiling and maintaining the heritage within the province, it
also identifies places or sites that are of heritage significance and declares them
as heritage sites

PROVINCIAL HERITAGE AGENCIES

• Gauteng Provincial Heritage Resource Authority

• Northern Cape Heritage Resource Agency

• Northwest Provincial Heritage Resource Agency

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• Limpopo Heritage Resource Authority

• Amafa/Heritage KZN

• Heritage Western Cape

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• Eastern Cape Heritage Resource Agency

•
• Mpumalanga Provincial Heritage Resource Agency

• Heritage Free state

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LOCAL HERITAGE SITES

• Local authorities and Municipalities are responsible for the identification,
compilation and maintenance and management of local heritage sites
• Local heritage sites includes:
*buildings, churches or monuments of cultural significance
*Traditional Music, and Dance
*Traditional huts
*Culturally significant trees
*Grave sites

ACTIVITY 1

CULTURE, HERITAGE AND SOUTH AFRICAN HERITAGE BODIES

1.1.1The organisation responsible for the protection of South Africa's local heritage:
A. UNESCO
B. SAHRA
C. NHRA
D. SAHRS
1.1.2 An example of a local heritage that will attract cultural tourists:
A. Mapungubwe
B. Cape Floral Region
C. Hole-in-the-Wall
D. Traditional huts
1.1.3 The typical activities that cultural and heritage tourism provides are the
following except
A. Theatre opportunities
B Museums.
C. Cruising
D. Cultural festivals
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1.1.4 The organisation responsible for the declaration of world heritage sites is
A. PHRA
B. UNESCO
C. SAHRA
D. SALGA
1.1.5 The following is NOT a category of sites used by SAHRA for evaluation
A. Meteorites
B. structures older than 40 years
C. Shipwrecks
D. Burial grounds
1.1.6 Folklore refers to …
A traditional stories, beliefs and myths communicated verbally.
B traditional practices of a cultural group.
C the cuisine enjoyed by a particular culture.
D specific beliefs of different cultural groups.
(6)
ACTIVITY 2

1. Culture and Heritage are significant element in South African Tourism industry
1.1 Explain what is meant by the following concepts:
(a) Archaelogical Sites
(b) Culture
(c) Folklore
(d) Heritage
(e) Diversity (10)
2. Explain the main functions of the following organisation:
(a) Provincial Heritage Resource Agency (4)

3. Give 5 examples of national Heritage sites (5)

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ACTIVITY 3
1.Study the pictures A ,B portraying South African cultural uniqueness and answer
the questions.
A B

1.1. Identify THRE unique aspects of Xhosa culture shown in picture labelled A.(3)
1.2 Explain your understanding of the concept cultural uniqueness (2)
1.3 Discuss why the cultural activity in the picture labelled B is an effective way to
promote inbound and domestic tourism in South Africa. (2 x 2) (4)
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2.Study the image and read the extract on South African heritage and answer the
questions.

BATTLE OF ISANDLWANA–1879 The Battle of Isandlwana was a battle in the

Anglo-Zulu War in which King Cetshwayo’s Zulu 20 000 strong army wiped out a
British force of 1 400 men on 22 January 1879, during which he lost 2 000 of his
own soldiers. Afterwards the bodies of the British casualties at Isandlwana were
buried in mass graves where they had fallen. Today piles of white stones mark the
burial sites of the unidentified men who died in the battle. The Isandlwana
battlefield and burial grounds have been declared a national heritage site and are
legally protected by the National Heritage Resources Act (No. 25 of 1999) through
SAHRA, an agency of the Department of Arts and Culture. [Source: Adapted from:
www.dailymail.co.uk]

2.1 Write out the acronym SAHRA in full. (2)

2.2 List ONE function of SAHRA. (2)

2.3 Suggest TWO reasons why the burial site at Isandlwana is part of South Africa’s
national estate.
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Content Topic 2022: Regional Tourism

What the leaner needs to know in this topic

Regional Tourism:
Ø Concepts: Regional Tourism, South African Development Community
(SADC)
Domestic, Ø The SADC member countries and their location and capital cities on a map
regional and (use the latest membership information available)
international Ø Gateways: the accessibility of each country from South Africa (by road, air
tourism or water)
Ø Advantages of regional tourism for South Africa and the SADC member
states

REGIONAL TOURISM

Ø Regional tourism takes place within a specific

geographical area, e.g. Southern Africa.
Ø This presentation focuses on SADC (Southern
African Development Community).
Ø SADC is a political, economic and Tourism
region in Southern Africa
SADC Flag

SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY (SADC)

Ø SADC is an intergovernmental organisation.

Ø It originated in 1980 as SADCC (Southern African Development Coordination
Conference). It later changed its name to SADC in1992.
Ø SADC has 16 member countries or states, the latest being Comoros.
Ø The member states are: Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo
, Eswatini ,Lesotho ,Madagascar ,Malawi ,Mauritius ,Mozambique ,Namibia,
Seychelles, South Africa ,Tanzania ,Zambia ,Zimbabwe.
Ø SADC headquarters are in Gaborone, Botswana

SADC Objectives

Ø To achieve economic development

Ø To achieve peace, security, and growth
Ø To alleviate poverty
Ø To enhance the standard and quality of life of people in Southern Africa
Ø To support the socially disadvantaged through regional integration
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SADC member countries and their capital cities

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Gateways: Border Posts

Gateways are points at which we
can enter or exit a country, e.g.
Airports, harbours, taxi/bus/train
station, border posts

Border between South Africa and

Zimbabwe
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GATEWAYS – Airport

Country Main airport situated in

Angola Luanda
Botswana Gaborone
Comoros Moroni
Democratic Kinshasa
Republic of
Congo
Eswatini Manzini
Lesotho Maseru
Madagascar Antananarivo
Malawi Lilongwe
Mauritius Port Louis
Mozambique Maputo
Namibia Windhoek
Seychelles Victoria
South Africa Johannesburg, Durban and
Cape Town.
Tanzania Dar es Salaam,
Kilimanjaro, Zanzibar.
Zambia Lusaka, Livingstone
Zimbabwe Harare, Victoria Falls
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GATEWAYS – Harbours

Country Main harbours

Angola Luanda
Botswana No harbour
Comoros Anjouan, Moroni
Democratic Republic of Congo No harbour
Eswatini No harbour
Lesotho No harbour
Madagascar Antananarivo
Malawi No harbour
Mauritius Port Louis harbour
Mozambique Bazaruto, Imhambane, Beira, Pemba
Namibia No harbour
Seychelles Victoria
South Africa Cape Town, Mossel Bay, Durban, Pert
Elizabeth
Tanzania Dar es Salaam
Zambia No harbour
Zimbabwe No harbour

ADVANTAGES OF REGIONAL TOURISM FOR SOUTH AFRICA AND THE SADC MEMBER
STATES

• More media exposure will create more awareness for the whole region
• Development on different levels especially Tourism e.g. better infrastructure
• Increase in tourists that will cause an increase in income for the region
• Sustainable tourism development can lead to more jobs and economic growth
• More investment opportunities
• Development in transport sector like airports in the region
• Improve the quality of live for everyone in the region
• Increase export and income and attract investment
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• Reduce poverty and encourage development in rural areas

• Develop more international hubs and direct flights in the region

ACTIVITY 1

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose
the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers.

1.1.1 The acronym SADC refers to the …

A Southern African Democratic Community
B Southern African Domestic Community
C Southern African Developing Community
D Southern African Development Community (1)

1.1.2 At which international gateway would tourists enter South Africa if they
wanted to visit V&A Waterfront?
A OR Tambo International Airport
B Kruger Mpumalanga International Airport
C King Shaka International Airport
D Cape Town International Airport (1)

1.1.3 This gateway- harbour /port is the largest and busiest in Sub-Saharan Africa.
A Maputo Development Corridor
B Johannesburg International Airport
C Durban Harbour
D Point Noire (1)

1.1.4 This is the capital city of the Comores, one of the SADC member countries.
A Lusaka B Victoria
C Moroni D Lilongwe (1)

1.1.5 The new name for the SADC member Swaziland is …

A Eswatini
B Mswati
C Mbabane
D Lilangeni (1)

1.1.6 A SADC double Troika summit was held at this country on the 09/04/2022 due
to the instability in the Northern part of this country caused by a terrorist attack.
A Zimbabwe
B Mozambique
C Democratic Republic of Congo
D Lesotho (1)
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ACTIVITY 2

2.1 Give FIVE advantages of regional tourism for SADC member states. (5)

2.2 Write a paragraph in which you explain the impact of continued attacks by
terrorist in the country you mentioned in Q 1.1.6 on regional tourism. Suggest
a possible solution or way in which the region can end these attacks by
terrorists. (5)

ACTIVITY 3

1. Indicate how the following SADC member countries can be accessed from South
Africa. Also name which gateway to be used.

Country Accessibility from SA Gateways

Air Road Water

Botswana

Lesotho

Mozambique

Namibia

Seychelles

Swaziland

Tanzania

2. Define the following concepts:

2.1 Gateway
2.2 Accessibility
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SELFASSESSMENT 1 (FROM PREVIOUS EXAM PAPERS)

QUESTION 4: TOURISM ATTRACTIONS

The following questions are based on the SADC region.

4.1 The abbreviation SADC stands for … (2)

4.3 Study the map of Namibia and answer the questions.

NAMIBIA

5 2

4.3.1 Identify the neighbouring countries 1 and 2. (2)

4.3.2 Name TWO attractions located in country 1. (2)

4.3.3 Identify attractions 3, 4 and 5. (3)

4.4 Answer the following questions.

4.4.1 Give the FULL name of the organization that is responsible for marketing of
the SADC region. (2)

4.4.2 Explain TWO benefits for a country that forms part of the SADC organization. (4)

4.4.3 Evaluate the contribution that attractions (e.g. number 3, 4 and 5 on the map)
has on the tourism industry and the economy of a country. (2x2) (4)
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Content Topic 2022: SADC- Southern African Development

Community – Top Tourist Attractions
Assessed in the Exam: Section C

What Learners should know:

• Location on a map
• Reasons why it is considered a top tourist attraction, activities,
Pictures/photos,
• Relevant tourist information
LESSON 1: SADC Attractions

SADC Tourist Attractions

Background:
The Southern African Development Communities have unique natural and
cultural features (attractions) that are beneficial to the tourism industry and
to the development of the Southern African region.

Angola -Kissama National Park -

National Flag Picture of the tourist Location on the map

attraction
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Main Tourist attraction: Kissama National Park

• Kissama National Park is located 70 km south of Luanda.

• The park’s western border is formed by 120 km of breathtakingly
beautiful coastline, and on the north and south it is defined by the
Cuanza and Longa rivers.

Reasons why Kissama is a top tourist attraction:

● In 2001 however the Kissama Foundation initiated Operation Noah’s
Ark to transport large numbers of animals to Kissama from neighboring
countries.
● One of the largest animal transplants in history, this has almost
completely restored the park.

Activities
• Fishing, bird-watching game drives

Tourist information

• Park closed during rainy season between November and April due
to mud on roads accessibility problems.
• No hotels in the park yet there are lodges to cater for groups
travelling on safari.
Botswana -Okavango Delta
National Flag Picture of the tourist Location on the map
attraction
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Main Tourist attraction: Okavango Delta

Reasons why top tourist attraction
• Is the largest inland delta in the world– a large area or swamp land
along the course of a river rather than at a river mouth.
• Is a network of lagoons, lakes waterways and islands.
• Is the largest inland delta – a large area or swamp land along the
course of a river rather than at a river mouth.
Tourist activities:
• Tourist activities include game viewing, bird-watching, bush walks,
night drives, elephant back safaris, helicopter flights, powerboat
Mokoro (type of canoe) excursions, horse riding, and fishing.
Tourist information:
• There are many hotels, lodges, tented camps and self-catering
accommodation facilities in the area.
• Best time for game viewing is during the dry season (May to
August)

Botswana -Tsodilo Hills

National Flag Picture of the tourist Location on the map
attraction

Main Tourist Attraction: Tsodilo Hills

Reasons why a top tourist attraction:
The Hills are a UNESCO World Heritage site.
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DRC -Virunga National Park

National Flag Picture of the tourist Location on the map
attraction

Reasons why a top tourist attraction:

• Founded to protect gorillas living in the Virunga Mountains.
• Main reason for tourist visits, is gorilla tracking.

Tourist activities:
• Game viewing, bird watching forest walks gorilla tracking ,and visit
locals.
Tourist information
• There are lodges, tented camps and small cabanas on top of mount
Nyiragonga an active volcano.
• It is home for game such as Elephants, Chimpanzees, Gorillas,
Hippopotamus, and Buffalos.

Lesotho -Katse Dam and Lesotho Highlands Water Project

National Flag Picture of the tourist Location on the map
attraction

Main Tourist Attraction (s):

Katse Dam and Lesotho Highlands water project.
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Reasons why a top tourist attraction:

• It is the largest water transfer scheme in Africa and is not
completed yet.
• It supplies Gauteng with water and supplies Lesotho with hydro-
electricity.
Tourist activities:
• Trout fishing, canoeing, bird- watching hiking and game- viewing.
Tourist information:
• The Liphofung cave has rock-art and evidence of previous dwellers
such as the San and Stone Age people who once lived there.
Lesotho- Sani Pass
National Flag Picture of the tourist Location on the map
attraction

Main Tourist Attraction (s): Sani Pass

Reasons why a top tourist attraction:

• A narrow, winding pass is one of the most spectacular 4X4 driving
routes in the world.
• It is a mountain road linking Lesotho with Kwa-Zulu Natal.
• Sani Pass runs through the Drakensburg/Maluti mountains.
Tourist activities:
• Travelling along the Roof of Africa scenic route, visiting local
villages, pony trails, 4x4 trails, mountain biking and skiing in winter.
Tourist information:
• Due to the condition of the road only 4X4 vehicles are permitted.
• It is recommended that visitors who are not experienced 4X4
drivers use one of the tour operators.
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Madagascar Royal Hills of Ambohimanga

National Flag Picture of the tourist Location on the map
attraction

Main Tourist Attraction (s): Royal Hills of Ambohimanga

Reasons why a top tourist attraction:

• It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site declared 2001.
• Situated 24 km east of Antananarivo.
• It is a site of cultural and historical significance
• The village consists of houses and burial sites of members of the
Madagascan royal family of Imerina, who helped to unite the Island
of Madagascar.
• Honoured for its spiritual and sacred significance.
• It is a place of worship to which people from all over Madagascar
come.
Tourist activities:
• Shopping for curios, explore the ruins and explore guided walks or
visit museum.

Tourist information
• Tourists should not visit the island during the cyclone season
(February and March).
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Mauritius -Grand Baie

National Flag Picture of the tourist Location on the map
attraction

Main Tourist Attraction (s): Grand Baie

Reasons why a top tourist attraction:
• It is a beach area found north of Mauritius

Tourist activities
• Waterskiing most popular activity, main centre of yachting, swim
windsurf, sail, snorkel and scuba diving, under water submarine
cruises, flights along the coast.

Tourist information:
• Budget self-catering apartments as well as expensive 5- star luxury
resort hotels are available,
• is very popular for its nightlife and shopping outlets.

Tourist Activities:
• Whale watching, deep sea fishing, Surfing, games on the beach
relaxing, swimming with dolphins, kayaking, sunset or star-light
cruises.
Tourist Information:
• There are hotels and self-catering villas and golf estate
accommodation available.
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Activity 1 – SADC Attractions

Match the description in COLUMN A with the name of a World Heritage
Site in COLUMN B. Write the question number and the letter, e.g. 1.6
Zambezi River
Column A Column B
1.1 One of the largest animal A
transplants in history Okavango Delta
1.2 Is the largest inland delta B Kissama National Park
in the world
1.3 A mountain road linking
Lesotho with Kwa-Zulu C Virunga National Park
Natal.
1.4 Burial sites of members of
the Madagascan royal D Sani- Pass
family of Imerina.
1.5 Founded to protect E Royal hills of Ambohimanga
gorillas

[5]

Activity 2
2.1 Kissama National Park is closed during rainy season between November (2)
and April. Provide ONE reason for the closure

2.2 Tourist activities at the Okavango Delta Tourist activities include game
viewing, bird-watching, bush walks, night drives, elephant back safaris,
helicopter flights, powerboat excursions, horse riding, and fishing.
(1)
State ONE tourist activity that is unique to the Okavango Delta
2.3 Sani Pass is a tourist attraction in the Lesotho provide THREE reasons why (6)
Sani Pass is a tourist attraction
2.4 State THREE reasons why Royal Hills of Ambohimanga is a tourist (6)
attraction
2.5 Name the beach found north of Mauritius (1)
[16]
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Activity 3
Read the article below and answer the questions that follow

Gorillas pose for selfie with DR Congo anti-poaching unit

22 April 2019

The gorillas are apparently trying to imitate humans

Two gorillas have been photographed posing for a relaxed selfie with
the rangers who rescued them as babies.

The image was taken at a gorilla orphanage in Virunga National Park,

DR Congo, where the animals were raised after poachers killed their
parents.

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48011113

3.1 Name the animal that is dominant in the Virunga National Park. (2)
3.2 Differentiate between a ranger and a poacher. (2)
3.3 Provide two reasons why the Virunga National is considered as a tourist (4)
attraction.
3.4 In your opinion do you think it would be beneficial to make use of the
rangers and gorilla selfie moments as part of tourist activities available at
(2)
the park? Provide a reason for your answer.
[10]
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Activity 4
Paste the SADC map on your book and indicate them location of the
following attractions on your map.
4.1 Virunga National Park
4.2 Okavango Delta
4.3 Royal Hills of Ambohimanga
4.4 Kissama National Park
4.5 Lesotho Highlands water project –Katse Dam

[5]
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Content Topic 2022: Foreign exchange

What the learners need to know about this topic:

Foreign exchange Foreign exchange and its value to the South African economy:
Currencies
• Concepts: local currency, foreign currency, foreign exchange,
exchange rate, informal fluctuations
• Major currencies of the world, their currency codes and
symbols: US dollar, Euro, British pound, Japanese yen,
Australian dollar, South African rand
• Facilities where foreign currency can be exchanged
• How does money spent by inbound international tourists benefit
local people? Directly and indirectly – the multiplier effect

Lesson 1

Concepts

1. Local currency
This is the most commonly form of currency used in a
Country. This usually encompasses the national currency
of the country.

2. Foreign currency
The currency or money of another country.

3. Foreign exchange
The practice of converting one currency into another.

4. Exchange rate
It is also known as the foreign exchange rate. It is the
rate between two currencies at which one currency
will be exchanged for another. It is also regarded as
the value of one country’s currency in terms of another
currency.
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5. Informal fluctuations
There are several factors that contribute to fluctuations of
the currency. This range from the country’s economic
health to general investor sentiments. It also include the
discovery of minerals, political unrest or stability, Natural
disasters, economic stability of a country and elections.

Major currencies of the world, their currency codes and

symbols.

1. US dollar
2. Euro
3. British pound
4. Japanese yen
5. Australian dollar
6. South African rand

1. US dollar
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2. Euro

3. British Pound

4. Japanese yen
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5. Australian dollar

6. South African rand

Facilities where foreign currency can be exchanged

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Ø Foreign exchange dealers( Rennies)

Ø Kiosks at airports
Ø Bureaus de change
Ø Authorized travel agents
Ø Major hotels
Ø Cruise ships

How does money spent by inbound international tourists benefit local people.
The Multiplier Effect

Activity 1

The Multiplier effect. Use the picture above to write a

paragraph explaining how inbound international
tourists can benefit the local people directly and.
indirectly. Use full sentences
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Content Topic 2022: Foreign Exchange (Currency

Conversions)
Assessed in the Exam: Section B Question 3

Tourists and people who work with foreign currency conversions need to know how
to convert currencies.
Tourists should find out before their trip where they will get the best rate.
Interpret a currency rate sheet from a foreign exchange bureau
Ø A different rate of exchange applies to different transactions
Ø Bank Selling Rate (BSR) is used when tourists buy foreign currency from a
bank or foreign exchange dealer.
Ø The bank converts local currency into foreign currency.
Ø Bank Buying Rate (BBR) is used when the tourists exchange foreign currency
for South African Rands.
Ø The bank buys foreign currency
Converting major currencies to South African Rands
Ø Take the amount of Rand and divide it with the value given in the table of the
other currency,
Converting South African Rand to another currency
Ø Take the amount of another currency and multiply with the value of the South
African Rand
Ø Answer to be rounded off to two decimal places.
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Activities
Study the exchange rates given and answer the questions
Foreign currency Currency code Exchange rate
United States dollar USD 14,19
Euro EUR 15,29
Pound GBP 17,69

1.1 Leonard from Pretoria returns from his business trip to the USA. He has $75 left
over of her spending money. Calculate the amount in rand she will receive when
exchanging his foreign currency for local currency. (3)
1.2 Randel is planning to visit his family in London. He has saved R8500 to use as
spending money for his trip.
Calculate how much of foreign currency he will receive when he exchanges his rand
for the currency of the destination he will be visiting.
(3)
1.3 Mr Williams from Johannesburg is going on holiday in USA. Use the exchange
rate given to calculate how much if the foreign currency Mr Williams will receive if he
has budgeted ZAR 18 500 for his holiday .
Round off to TWO decimal places
1 USA currency ZAR 11,79

1.4 Mr Smith is going on a business trip to London. He has R25 500 spending
money to exchange for his trip before his departure.
Foreign currency Bank buying rate Bank selling rate
Euro 15,55 16,10
British Pound 18,09 18,80
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Content Topic 2022: Managing quality service

Grade 11 Subject Tourism

Topic Managing quality service:

Managing quality service:

• Types of strategies used by companies/organisations to achieve and
maintain quality service, such as performance management, quality
ATP control checks, customer surveys, team and peer reviews, in-service
training
• How services delivered in one sector impact on services
delivered in another sector

There are many factors that can influence the service delivery in the tourism industry. The quality
of service is something that a business can control. They can use strategies to maintain and
achieve the service delivery.
Types of strategies used by companies/organisations to achieve and
maintain quality service
Performance managements: managing the way the
business perform by looking at different aspects
how the business functions for example new ways
to communicate by using Facebook
Quality control checks: Monitor the company's
service for eaxmple check the cleanliness of the
hotel rooms after the cleanling staff completed
their routines

Customer surveys: Use questionnaires, interviews

or electronic methods to ask feedback from
customers

Team and peer reviews: have staff meetings,

give feedback on what is working

In-service training: regular training of the

staff is conducted on different aspects like
communication and customer care
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Tourism as an interrelated and inter-dependant system

Interdependent: depending on or linked to each other

Interrelated: linked and affecting each other.

There is a relationship between all the different sectors in the tourism industry namely: travel-
related industries, transport, accommodation, entertainment, and support services.
When one sector delivers poor service, it has a negative impact on the other sectors. All sectors
rely on one another to provide a good and pleasant experience for the tourist or customer.

Activity 1:
Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow:

It is often stated that ‘giving customers the kind of customer service that keeps them
1.1
coming back’ is the lifeline of any business. Explain this statement.
Give ONE reason for each of the following rules labelled 1.4 6. And 8 as indicated in the
1.2
picture above.
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Activity 2

2.1 Name FIVE strategies an organization can use to maintain and achieve quality service
amongst its staff and prospective customers.

2.2 Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow:

2.2.1 Discuss your understanding of the picture above and the values of customer
referrals in a business.

2.2.2 Give ONE word for the picture above.

2.3 Explain how the bad service in the transport sector when the plain is delayed can
influence the accommodation sector.
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Content Topic 2022: Tour itinerary

WHAT IS AN ITINERARY

• It is a plan for a tour or a journey outlining transportation, accommodation and

activities that will make up each day of the trip

Reasons why tourists need an itinerary

*to book their accommodation on time

*help tourists decide on what clothes to pack
*help international tourists with their visa application
*easier to locate them at a specific place or country

COMPONENTS OF AN ITINERARY

v The day e.g day 1

v Details about transport e.g rental car
v Details about accommodation e.g day 1:luxury country lodge
v Details of attractions that the tourist will visit e.g day 1 :Sabie river valley,
day 2:Blyde river canyon
v Details about the meals that packages includes and does not include

LOGICAL TOUR PLANNING

*It means that the places that tourist plans to visit during the tour should
be in a logical sequence, tourists should not travel up and down
unnecessarily.
*The route should make sense
*The distance to be travelled in one day should be realistic
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SCHEDULED TOUR

*It takes place at a specific time, there is a list of set departure and arrival times

FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN PLANNING AN ITINERARY

*Geographical constraints (weather, terrain), costs and the time

available for the tour

*Keep the tourist profile in mind (age, interest, available budget) N.B
grade 10 work

*Do not try to fit too much into one day

*Identify activities that the tourist would prefer and how long each
activity tale to complete

*Group attractions in the same area together to reduce travel time

*Allow resting time between long and busy days

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TYPES OF ITINERARIES

1.PERSONAL ITINERARY

• It is designed for a specific tourist or an individual

• It is compiled to meet the tourist profile and needs
• It is usually typed in a table format on a letterhead, with general information at
the top

§ It usually contains the following:

*departure and arrival time including details of connecting flights or other
forms of transport
*the names and address of each airport, ports, stations or bus stations where
the tourist will depart or arrive.
*transport check-in times for each leg of travel
*accommodation confirmation number and room
*accommodation check out times
*address and directions to the accommodation establishment
*local road and street maps
*location of the car rental agency if allocated
*description of what tourists can see on each day
*voucher numbers for shows and other activities
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EXAMPLE OF A PERSONAL ITINERARY

2.GENERAL ITINERARY

§ It is a standard itinerary that is drawn up for groups or individuals

§ It is fixed, usually written in paragraphs and cannot be changed to suit
individual needs and preferences regarding accommodation, transport,
activities and times
§ it is also called a tour plan
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EXAMPLE OF A GENERAL ITINERARY

HOW TO WRITE AN ITINERARY:

v do not only mention places of interest, include small bits of historical or

geographical information too
v make sure the lay-out of your itinerary is neat and clear
v clearly number each day
v describe overnight accommodations clearly
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v give your itinerary a personal tone by writing it as if you are talking to the
tourist
v keep sentences short and simple
v use the present tense
v some sentences can be written as an instruction
v do not use abbreviations like e.g. etc.
v use a 24-hour clock to indicate time
v do not make promises that you cannot keep
v include enough leisure time and provide suitable options during leisure time
v use adjectives to give a short description of the attractions and destinations
e.g. ‘the famous Hector Peterson memorial’

ACTIVITY 1.

1.1 briefly explain the following concepts:

(a) itinerary
(b) scheduled itinerary (4)
1.2 give 4 reasons why tourists need to have an itinerary (4)
1.3 mention 5 most important components of an itinerary (5)
1.4 give a clear difference between a personal and a general itinerary (4)

ACTIVITY 2

2.1 study the case study on the next page and complete the following table

Day 1
Date and day Arrival Air port Accommodation Meals

(a) (b) (c) (d)

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Day 2

Name of the Attractions

tour
(e) (f)
(g)
(h)

Day 4
Activity Cultural
activities
(i) (j)
(k)
(11)

Well done on working to the end!

Now you are able to do extra work!

Acknowledgement once again to the 16 Subject Advisors in Gauteng for creating the
material in 2021 and 2022.