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3a. Circulatory System

The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body using a pump (the heart) and valves to ensure one-way blood flow. Fish have a two-chambered heart and single circulation where blood passes through the heart once with each circuit. Mammals have a four-chambered heart and double circulation where blood passes through the heart twice with each circuit, with one circuit through the lungs and one through the body. This double circulation allows blood to be re-oxygenated and have its pressure restored before circulating to the body again.

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26 views

3a. Circulatory System

The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body using a pump (the heart) and valves to ensure one-way blood flow. Fish have a two-chambered heart and single circulation where blood passes through the heart once with each circuit. Mammals have a four-chambered heart and double circulation where blood passes through the heart twice with each circuit, with one circuit through the lungs and one through the body. This double circulation allows blood to be re-oxygenated and have its pressure restored before circulating to the body again.

Uploaded by

langelihlencube620
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Circulatory System

• The circulatory system is a system of blood


vessels with a pump and valves to ensure one-
way flow of blood
Circulation in Different Animals
• Fish have a two-chambered heart and a single
circulation
• This means that for every one circuit of the body,
the blood passes through the heart once
•

1 of 49 © Boardworks Ltd 2004


A fish
circulatory system

Draw fig 9.3 page


107

2 of 49 © Boardworks Ltd 2004


Two types of blood
The circulatory system carries two types of blood:

oxygen-rich oxygen-poor
blood blood

 blood travelling  blood travelling


c
to the body cells away from the body cells
 high oxygen content  low oxygen content
 low carbon dioxide  high carbon dioxide
content content

The arrangement of the circulatory system means that these


two types of blood do not mix.
3 of 49 © Boardworks Ltd 2004
Double circulatory system
• Mammals have a four-chambered heart and
a double circulation
• This means that for every one circuit of the body,
the blood passes through the heart twice
• The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated
blood from the body and pumps it to the
lungs (the pulmonary circulation)
• The left side of the heart receives oxygenated
blood from the lungs and pumps it to the
body (the systemic circulation)
Draw fig 9.2 page 107

4 of 49 © Boardworks Ltd 2004


Advantages of a Double Circulation
• Blood travelling through the small capillaries
in the lungs loses a lot of pressure that was
given to it by the pumping of the heart,
meaning it cannot travel as fast
• By returning the blood to the heart after going
through the lungs its pressure can be raised
again before sending it to the body,
meaning cells can be supplied with
the oxygen and glucose they need for
respiration faster and more frequently
5 of 49 © Boardworks Ltd 2004

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