CBSE 2024 EXAMINATIONS

XII MATHEMATICS (041)

Series PQ2RS/2 ♦ Q.P. Code 65/2/1; 65/2/2; 65/2/3
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Time Allowed : 180 Minutes Max. Marks : 80
General Instructions :
1. This Question paper contains five sections - A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
However, there are internal choices in some questions.
2. Section A has 18 MCQs and 02 Assertion-Reason (A-R) based questions of 1 mark each.
Section B has 05 questions of 2 marks each.
Section C has 06 questions of 3 marks each.
Section D has 04 questions of 5 marks each.
Section E has 03 Case-study / Source-based / Passage-based questions with sub-parts (4
marks each).
3. There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in
 02 Questions of Section B
 03 Questions of Section C
 02 Questions of Section D
 02 Questions of Section E
You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.

 Q.P. Code - 65/2/1

SECTION A
This section has 20 multiple choice questions of 1 mark each.
01. If the sum of all the elements of a 3  3 scalar matrix is 9, then the product of all its elements is
(a) 0 (b) 9 (c) 27 (d) 729
Sol. (a) Recall that, all the non-diagonal elements are 0 and all the diagonal elements are same.
Then the required product of all the elements will be 0 .
02. Let f : R   [5, ) be defined as f (x)  9x 2  6x  5 , where R  is the set of all non-negative
real numbers. Then, f is
(a) one-one (b) onto (c) bijective (d) neither one-one nor onto
Sol. (c) bijective
We hope, you can prove easily that the function is one-one and onto both.
a b c
03. If a b c  kabc , then the value of k is
a b c
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
Sol. (d) By R1  R 1  R 2 and R 2  R 2  R 3 , we get
0 0 2c
2a 0 0  kabc
a b c
Expanding along first row, 2c(2ab  0)  kabc i.e., 4abc  kabc
k4.
(Properties of Det. are deleted but, here we are answering MCQ, not any subjective question. So,
using the properties will save us the time of calculations.)

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 x  3, if x  3

04. The number of points of discontinuity of f (x)  2x, if  3  x  3 is
6x  2, if x  3

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) infinite
Sol. (b) Note that, lim (2x)  2(3)  6 and lim (6x  2)  6(3)  2  20 .
x 3 x 3

That is, lim f (x)  lim f (x) . So, f is discontinuous at x  3 .

x 3 x 3
Further, you may check that at x  3 function f is continuous.
05. The function f (x)  x 3  3x 2  12x  18 is
(a) strictly decreasing on R
(b) strictly increasing on R
(c) neither strictly increasing nor strictly decreasing on R
(d) strictly decreasing on (, 0)
Sol. (b) f (x)  3x 2  6x  12  3(x 2  2x  4)  3 (x  1)2  3  0 for all real values of x.
So, f is strictly increasing on x  R .
 /2
sin x  cos x
06. 0 1  sin x cos x dx is equal to
(a)  (b) Zero (0)
 /2
2 sin x 2
(c)  dx (d)
0
1  sin x cos x 4
 /2
sin x  cos x
Sol. (b) Let I   1  sin x cos x dx …(i)
0

   
sin   x   cos   x 
/ 2
I  2  2  dx
0 1  sin 
   
  x  cos   x 
2  2 
/ 2
cos x  sin x
I  dx   I [By (i)
0
1  cos x sin x
 2I  0 I  0 .
dy
07. The differential equation  F(x, y) will not be a homogeneous differential equation, if
dx
F(x, y) is
y y x 2  y2 x
(a) cos x  sin   (b) (c) (d) cos2  
x x xy y
y
Sol. (a) cos x  sin  
x
 
08. For any two vectors a and b , which of the following statements is always true?
               
(a) a .b  a b (b) a .b  a b (c) a .b  a b (d) a .b  a b
Sol. (c) Note that, cos2   1 for all values of 
2 2 2 2
Then a b cos 2   a b

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  2 2
 (a .b)2  a b
   
Therefore, a .b  a b .
09. The coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point (0, 1, 2) on the x-axis are
given by
(a) (1, 0, 0) (b) (2, 0, 0) (c) ( 5, 0, 0) (d) (0, 0, 0)
Sol. (d) (0, 0, 0)
10. The common region determined by all the constraints of a linear programming problem is called
(a) an unbounded region (b) an optimal region
(c) a bounded region (d) a feasible region
Sol. (d) a feasible region
11. Let E be an event of a sample space S of an experiment, then P(S | E) 
(a) P(S  E) (b) P(E) (c) 1 (d) 0
P(S  E) P(E)
Sol. (c) P(S | E)    1.
P(E) P(E)
12. If A  [a ij ] be a 3  3 matrix, where a ij  i  3j , then which of the following is false?
(a) a11  0 (b) a12  a 21  6 (c) a13  a 31 (d) a 31  0
Sol. (c) Note that, a13  1  3(3)  8, a 31  3  3(1)  0 . Clearly, a 13  a 31 is false.
13. The derivative of tan 1 (x 2 ) w.r.t. x is
x 2x 2x 1
(a) 4
(b) 4
(c)  4
(d)
1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x4
d 1 d 2x
Sol. (b)  tan 1 (x 2 )   2 2
 (x 2 )  .
dx 1  (x ) dx 1 x4
14. The degree of the differential equation (y) 2  (y)3  x sin (y) is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) not defined
Sol. (d) not defined
15. The unit vector perpendicular to both vectors ˆi  kˆ and ˆi  kˆ is
ˆi  kˆ ˆi  kˆ
(a) 2ˆj (b) ĵ (c) (d)
2 2
ˆi ˆj kˆ
Sol. (b) (iˆ  k)
ˆ  (iˆ  k)ˆ  1 0 1  ˆj(2)  2jˆ
1 0 1
 
 (iˆ  k)
ˆ  (iˆ  k)
ˆ
 ˆ
    2 j    ĵ .
Required unit vectors are given by 
 (iˆ  k)  2
ˆ  (iˆ  k)
ˆ
   
x 1 2z  1
16. Direction ratios of a vector parallel to line  y  are
2 6
(a) 2, 1, 6 (b) 2,1, 6 (c) 2,1,3 (d) 2, 1, 3
1
x 1 y z
Sol. (d) Rewriting the line,   2 . Therefore, the direction ratios are 2, –1, 3.
2 1 3

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 cos x  sin x 0
17. If F(x)   sin x cos x 0  and [F(x)]2  F(kx) , the value of k is
 0 0 1 
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) 2
2 2
 cos x  sin x 0 cos x  sin x 0  cos x  sin x 2sin x cos x 0 
 
Sol. (b) [F(x)]2   sin x cos x 0  sin x cos x 0    2sin x cos x cos2 x  sin 2 x 0 
 0 0 1   0 0 1   0 0 1 
cos 2x  sin 2x 0 
 [F(x)]   sin 2x cos 2x 0  …(i)
2

 0 0 1 
 cos kx  sin kx 0 
Also, F(kx)   sin kx cos kx 0  …(ii)
 0 0 1 
Comparing (i) and (ii), we get kx  2x k  2 .
18. If a line makes an angle of 30 with the positive direction of x-axis, 120o with the positive
o

direction of y-axis, then the angle which it makes with the positive direction of z-axis is
(a) 90o (b) 120o (c) 60o (d) 0o
Sol. (a) Using cos2   cos2   cos 2   1 , we get cos2 30o  cos 2 120o  cos2   1
3 1
   cos 2   1
4 4
 cos 2   1  1  0 i.e., cos   0   90o .
Direction : In question numbers 19 and 20, two statements are given, one labelled Assertion (A)
and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the following options.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
19. Assertion (A) : For any symmetric matrix A, BAB is a skew-symmetric matrix.
Reason (R) : A square matrix P is skew-symmetric if P   P .
Sol. (d) Let X  BAB
Then X  (BAB)  BA(B)  BAB  X ( A  A , as A is symmetric matrix
Therefore, X  BAB is a symmetric matrix. It means, Assertion (A) is false.
Note that, Reason (R) is true.
     
20. Assertion (A) : For two non-zero vectors a and b , a .b  b.a .
     
Reason (R) : For two non-zero vectors a and b , a  b  b  a .
Sol. (c) Assertion (A) is true. Reason (R) is false.
SECTION B
This section has 5 Very Short Answer questions of 2 marks each.
 1  1  1  1    
21. (a) Find the value of tan 1     cot    tan sin   2   .
 3  3   
OR
(b) Find the domain of the function f (x)  sin 1 (x 2  4) . Also, find its range.

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 1  1  1  1         
Sol. (a) tan 1     cot 
1
  tan sin   2     6  3  tan [1]  6  4   12 .
 3  3   
OR
2
(b) Here f (x) is defined when 1  (x  4)  1
 3  x2  5
 x  [ 5,  3]  [ 3, 5] .
So, domain of function is x  [ 5,  3]  [ 3, 5] .
  
Also, the range of f (x) is   ,  .
 2 2

22. (a) If f (x)  tan 2x , then find the value of f (x) at x  .
3
OR
dy
(b) If y  cosec(cot 1 x) , then prove that 1  x 2 x  0.
dx

Sol. (a) f (x)  tan 2x   tan 2x , in the left and right neighborhood of x  .
3
So, f (x)  2sec 2 2x
 2
At x  , f (x)  2 sec2  2(2)2  8 .
3 3
OR
(b) y  cosec(cot 1 x)  1  [cot(cot 1 x)]2  1  x 2
 y  1 x2
dy 2x
 
dx 2 1  x 2
dy dy
 1  x2  x or, 1  x 2 x  0.
dx dx
1
23. If M and m denote the local maximum and local minimum values of the function f (x)  x 
x
(x  0) respectively, find the value of (M  m) .
1
Sol. f (x)  x 
x
1 2
 f (x)  1  2 , f (x)  3
x x
1
For f (x)  1  2  0  x 2  1  x  1, 1
x
2 2
Note that f (x  1)  3  2  0, f (x  1)   2  0 .
1 (1)3
So, f is minimum at x  1 and maximum at x  1 .
1
Therefore, the maximum value of f is M  f (1)  1   2 ; and the minimum value of f is
1
1
m  f (1)  1   2 .
1
Hence, (M  m)  2  2  4 .
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e 4x  1
24. Find  e4x  1 dx .
e4x  1 e 2x  e 2x
Sol. Let I   4x dx   2x 2x dx
e 1 e e
dt
Put e 2x  e 2x  t  (e2x  e 2x )dx 
2
1 1 1 1
I   dt  log t  c  log e 2x  e 2x  c .
2 t 2 2
4x
e 1 (e 4x  1)  2  2  2e 4x
Alternatively, let I   4x dx   dx  1 
  e4x  1 dx   1dx   1  e4x dx
e 1 e 4x  1
dt
Put 1  e 4x  t  e4x dx  
4
1 2 1
So, I  x   dt  x  log t  c
4 t 2
1
 I  x  log 1  e 4x  c .
2
25. Show that f (x)  e x  e  x  x  tan 1 x is strictly increasing in its domain.
Sol. For given f (x), the domain is x  R .
1 x2
Now f (x)  e x  e  x  1   e x
 e x
  0 for all real values of x.
1  x2 1 x2
So, f is strictly increasing function in its domain (real numbers).
SECTION C
There are 6 Short Answer questions in this section. Each is of 3 marks.
dy y log x
26. (a) If x  ecos3t and y  esin 3t , prove that  .
dx x log y
OR
d x
(b) Show that
dx
 x   , x  0.
x
Sol. (a) x  ecos3t and y  esin 3t
Taking log on both the sides, we get log x  log ecos3t , log y  log esin 3t
Then log x  cos3t log e , log y  sin 3t log e
 log x  cos 3t, log y  sin 3t [ log e  1
2 2 2 2
Consider sin 3t  cos 3t  (log x)  (log y)
 (log x)2  (log y)2  1
1 1 dy
On differentiating w.r.t. x, 2(log x)   2(log y)   0
x y dx
log y dy log x
  
y dx x
dy y log x
  .
dx x log y
OR
 x, if x  0
(b) Let y  x  
 x, if x  0
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dy d 1, if x  0
On differentiating w.r.t. x,   x
dx dx 1, if x  0
x
, if x  0
dy  x
 
dx  x
, if x  0
  x
dy d x
Therefore,
dx dx
  x  , x 0.
x
2
2x
27. (a) Evaluate  dx .
2 2x
OR
1
(b) Find  x (log x) 2
dx .
  3log x  4 
2
2x
Sol. (a) Let I   dx
2 2 x
2 2
2x 2x 2 x
I 2 2  x  2  x dx  2 4  x 2 dx
2 2
2 x
I  dx   dx …(i)
2 4  x2 2 4  x2
2 2 2
Consider f (x)   f ( x)    f (x)  f (x) is even.
2 2
4x 4  ( x) 4  x2
x x x
Also, g(x)   g( x)     g(x)  g(x) is odd.
2 2
4 x 4  ( x) 4  x2
2 2
2  x
By (i), I  2 dx  0  4 sin 1   4 sin 1 1  sin 1 0 
0 4  x2  2 0
 I  2 .
OR
1
(b) Let I   2
dx
x  (log x)  3log x  4 
dx
Put log x  t   dt
x
dt dt
I  2

t  3t  4 (t  1)(t  4)
1  1 1 
 I    dt
5  t  4 t  1 
1
 I  log t  4  log t  1   c
5
1 log x  4
 I  log c.
5 log x  1

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28. (a) Find the particular solution of the differential equation given by
dy
2xy  y 2  2x 2  0; y  2 , when x  1 .
dx
OR
(b) Find the general solution of the differential equation ydx  (x  2y 2 )dy .
2
dy y 1  y 
Sol. (a) Rewriting the D.E.,    
dx x 2  x 
dy dv
Put y  vx   vx
dx dx
2
dv v
vx  v
dx 2
dv dx
 2 
v 2x
1 1 x 1
   log x  c or,   log x  c
v 2 y 2
1 1 1
As y  2 , when x  1 so,   log 1  c  c  
2 2 2
x 1 1 x 1 1
Hence, the particular solution is   log x  or,   log x or, 2x  y 1  log x  .
y 2 2 y 2 2
OR
dx  1 
(b) Rewriting the D.E.,     x  2y
dy  y 
dx 1
On comparing with  P(y)x  Q(y) , we get P(y)   , Q(y)  2y .
dy y
1
  y dy 1 1
I.F.  e  e  log y  elog y  y 1 
y
1 1 x
Required solution is given by, x     2y    dy  c i.e.,   2dy  c
y  y y
x
  2y  c or, x  2y 2  yc .
y
29. The position vectors of vertices of ABC are A(2iˆ  ˆj  k) ˆ , B(iˆ  3jˆ  5k)
ˆ and C(3iˆ  4ˆj  4k) ˆ .
Find all the angles of ABC .
 
Sol. AB  (iˆ  3jˆ  5k)
ˆ  (2iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ  ˆi  2ˆj  6kˆ , BC  (3iˆ  4ˆj  4k)
ˆ  (iˆ  3jˆ  5k)
ˆ  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ and

CA  (2iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ  (3iˆ  4ˆj  4k)
ˆ  ˆi  3jˆ  5kˆ
 
Note that, BC.CA  (2iˆ  ˆj  k).( ˆ ˆi  3jˆ  5k)
ˆ  2  3  5  0
  
So, BC  CA i.e., C  .
2
 
AB.AC (ˆi  2jˆ  6k).(i ˆ ˆ  3jˆ  5k)ˆ 1  6  30 35
Now cos A      
AB AC 1  4  36 1  9  25 41 35 41

35
 A  cos 1 .
41

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Since A  B  C  
 35  35 35 6
 B     cos 1   cos 1  sin 1  cos 1 .
2 41 2 41 41 41
30. A pair of dice is thrown simultaneously. If X denotes the absolute difference of the numbers
appearing on top of the dice, then find the probability distribution of X.
Sol. Here X can take values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
When X  0, {(1,1), (2, 2), (3,3), (4, 4), (5,5), (6, 6)}
When X  1, {(1, 2),(2,1), (2,3), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4,3), (4,5), (5, 4), (5, 6), (6,5)}
When X  2, {(1,3), (3,1), (2, 4), (4, 2), (3,5), (5,3), (4, 6), (6, 4)}
When X  3, {(1, 4), (4,1), (2,5), (5, 2), (3, 6), (6,3)}
When X  4, {(1,5), (5,1), (2, 6), (6, 2)}
When X  5, {(1,6), (6,1)} .
Also, n(S)  36 .
Table for probability distribution of X is
X 0 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 6 10 8 6 4 2
36 36 36 36 36 36
2 1 3/ 2
31. Find  x sin (x )dx .
2 1 3/ 2
Sol. Let I   x sin (x )dx   x  x 3/ 2 sin 1 (x 3/2 )dx
2
Put x 3/ 2  t  xdx  dt
3
2
 I   t sin 1 (t)dt
3
2  1 d  
Using integral by parts, we get I  sin (t)  t dt    sin 1 (t)  t dt  dt 
3  dt  
2  t2 1 1 t2 
I  sin (t)   dt 
32 2 1 t 2

2 2
2 t 1 (1  t )  1 
 I   sin 1 (t)   dt 
32 2 1 t2 
2 t 2
1  1  
 I   sin 1 (t)    1  t 2   dt 
3  2 2  1  t 2  
2  t2 1 t 1 
 I   sin 1 (t)   1  t 2  sin 1 t  sin 1 t    c
32 2 2 2 
2  t2 1 t 1 
I  sin 1 (t)   1  t 2  sin 1 t    c
32 2 2 2 
 t2 1 t 1 
 I   sin 1 (t)   1  t 2  sin 1 t    c
3 3 2 2 
x3 x 3/ 2 1
 I  sin 1 (x 3/ 2 )  1  x 3  sin 1 x 3/ 2  c .
3 6 6

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SECTION D
There are 4 Long Answer questions in this section. Each is of 5 marks.
2x
32. (a) Show that a function f : R  R defined by f (x)  is neither one-one nor onto.
1 x2
Further, find set A so that the given function f : R  A becomes an onto function.
OR
(b) A relation R is defined on N  N (where N is the set of natural numbers) as
(a, b) R (c, d)  a  c  b  d . Show that R is an equivalence relation.
Sol. (a) Let m, n  R so that f (m)  f (n) .
2m 2n
That implies, 
1 m 1 n2
2

 mn 2  m  nm 2  n
 m  n  mn(m  n)
 0  mn(m  n)  (m  n)
 (mn  1)(m  n)  0
1
Either m  n  0 or, mn  1  0 i.e., m  n or, m  .
n
So, f (m)  f (n) does not necessarily imply m  n for all m, n  R .
Hence, f (x) is not one-one.
2x
Let y  f (x) 
1  x2
 yx 2  2x  y  0
2  4  4y 2 1  1  y 2
x 
2y y
Now for x to be real, we must have 1  y 2  0 i.e., (1  y)(1  y)  0 i.e., y  [1, 1] .
That is for all x  R (domain), we do not have y  R (codomain) i.e., range  codomain .
Hence f (x) is not onto.
2x
Let f : R  [1, 1] defined by f (x)  . Now for all real values of x, y  [1, 1] .
1 x2
That is, range  codomain .
Hence, set A  [1, 1] so that the given function f : R  A becomes an onto function.
OR
(b) Let (a, b) be an arbitrary element of N  N i.e., (a, b)  N  N where a, b  N .
As a  a  b  b  (a, b) R (a, b)  (a, b)  N  N .
Hence, R is reflexive.
Let (a, b) and (c, d) N  N be such that (a, b) R (c, d).
Then, a  c  b  d  c  a  d  b  (c, d) R (a, b).
That is, (a, b) R (c, d) implies (c, d) R (a, b)  (a, b), (c, d)  N  N .
Hence, R is symmetric.
Let (a, b), (c, d) and (e, f)  N  N be such that (a, b) R (c, d) and (c, d) R (e, f).
Then, a  c  b  d and c  e  d  f
 (a  c)  (c  e)  (b  d)  (d  f )
 a e  bf
 (a, b) R (e, f).
That is, (a, b) R (c, d) and (c, d) R (e, f) implies, (a, b) R (e, f)  (a, b), (c, d), (e, f )  N  N .

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Hence, R is transitive.
Since R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive so, R is an equivalence relation.
33. Find the equation of the line which bisects the line segment joining points A(2, 3, 4) and B(4, 5,
x  8 y  19 z  10 x  15 y  29 z  5
8) and is perpendicular to the lines   and   .
3 16 7 3 8 5
 2  4 3 5 4 8 
Sol. The mid-point of line segment AB is  , ,  i.e., (3, 4, 6) .
 2 2 2 
Note that, the line which bisects the line segment AB passes through the mid-point (3, 4, 6).
x 3 y4 z6
Therefore, the equation of line passing through (3, 4, 6) is   …(i)
a b c
x  8 y  19 z  10 x  15 y  29 z  5
Also line (i) is perpendicular to the lines   and   .
3 16 7 3 8 5
So by using a1a 2  b1b 2  c1c 2  0 , we get
3a  16b  7c  0...(ii) and 3a  8b  5c  0...(iii)
On solving the equations (ii) and (iii), we get 24b  12c  0  c  2b
2b
Put c  2b in (iii), we get 3a  8b  5(2b)  0 a
3
2b
Therefore, the direction ratios of required line are a, b, c i.e., , b, 2b i.e., 2, 3, 6 .
3
x 3 y4 z6
Hence by (i), the required equation of line is   .
2 3 6
34. (a) Solve the following system of equations, using matrices
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
   4,    1,    2, where x, y, z  0 .
x y z x y z x y z
OR
 1 cot x    cos 2x  sin 2x 
(b) If A    , show that AA 1   .
  cot x 1   sin 2x  cos 2x 
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
Sol. (a)    4,    1,   2
x y z x y z x y z
 2 3 10  1 x  4
By using matrix method, AX = B where A   4 6 5  , X  1 y  , B   1 
   
 6 9 20  1 z   2 
Since AX  B
On Pre-multiplication by A 1 we get : A 1AX  A 1B
 X  A 1B …(i)
 2 3 10 
Now A   4 6 5 
 
 6 9 20 
2 3 10
It gives, A  4 6 5  2 120  45   3  80  30   10  36  36 
6 9 20
 A  1200  0  A 1 exists.

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 75 150 75   75 150 75 
1 
 adj A  110 100 30 
 1
A  110 100 30 
  1200  
 72 0 24   72 0 24 
 75 150 75   4 
1 
By (i), X  110 100 30   1 
1200   
 72 0 24   2 
1 x  1/2
 1 y   1/3
1 z  1/5 
1 1 1 1 1 1
By using equality of matrices, we get :  ,  , 
x 2 y 3 z 5
x  2, y  3, z  5 .
OR
 1 cot x   1  cot x  1  1  cot x 
(b) For A    , A    and A 1  
  cot x 1  cot x 1  2
1  cot x  cot x 1 
 1  cot x  1  1  cot x 
LHS : AA 1    
cot x
2
1  1  cot x  cot x 1 
1 1  cot 2 x 2 cot x 
  
1  cot 2 x  2 cot x 1  cot 2 x 
 1  cot 2 x 2 cot x   1  tan 2 x 2 tan x 
 2
 2   2
 
1  cot x 1  cot x   1  tan x 1  tan 2 x 
 
 2 cot x 1  cot 2 x   2 tan x 1  tan 2 x 
1  cot 2 x 1  cot 2 x   1  tan 2 x 
1  tan 2 x 
  cos 2x  sin 2x 
   RHS .
 sin 2x  cos 2x 
35. If A1 denotes the area of region bounded by y 2  4x, x  1 and x-axis in the first quadrant and
A 2 denotes the area of region bounded by y 2  4x, x  4 , find A1 : A 2 .
Sol. Consider the diagram shown below. 1
Area (A1 )  ar(OABO)   2 xdx
0

4 3/ 2 1 4 4
 A1   x   (1  0)  Sq. units .
3 0 3 3
2
Note that, y  4x is symmetrical about x-axis.
Also, the area (A 2 )  ar(OACDEFO)  2ar(OACDBO)
4
2 4
 A 2  2 2 xdx  4   x 3/ 2 
0
3 0

8 64
 A2  8  0  Sq. units .
3 3
4 64
Hence, A1 : A 2  :  1:16 .
3 3

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SECTION E
In this section there are 3 Case Study questions of 4 marks each.
36. Overspeeding increases fuel consumption and decreases fuel economy as a result of tyre rolling
friction and air resistance. While vehicles reach optimal fuel economy at different speeds, fuel
mileage usually decreases rapidly at speeds above 80 km/h.

The relation between fuel consumption F ( l/ 100 km) and speed V (km/h) under some
V2 V
constraints is given as F    14 .
500 4
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions.
(i) Find F, when V  40 km/h .
dF
(ii) Find .
dV
(iii) Find the speed V for which fuel consumption F is minimum.
OR
dF
(iii) Find the quantity of fuel required to travel 600 km at the speed V at which  0.01 .
dV
1600 40 16 16 36
Sol. (i) When V  40 km/h , F    14   10  14   4  .
500 4 5 5 5
V2 V dF 2V 1 V 1
(ii) F    14     
500 4 dV 500 4 250 4
dF V 1 d2F 1
(iii) As    2 
dV 250 4 dV 250
dF V 1
For  0,  0
dV 250 4
250 125
V  km/h .
4 2
d2F 1 125
Note that, 2
  0 at V  .
dV 250 2
125
Therefore, F is minimum when V  km/h .
2
OR
dF V 1
(iii) As  
dV 250 4
dF
Given that,  0.01
dV
V
 0.01   0.25
250

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V
  0.25  0.01  0.24
250
 V  60 km/h .
V2 V 3600 60 36 31
Using F    14 , F    14   15  14 
500 4 500 4 5 5
 31 
Per 100 km, fuel consumption is F    l at V  60 km/h .
 5
 31   186 
To travel 600 km, fuel consumption is F    6  l    l.
 5   5 
37. The month of September is celebrated as the Rashtriya Poshan Maah across the country.
Following a healthy and well-balanced diet is crucial in order to supply the body with the proper
nutrients it needs. A balanced diet also keeps us mentally fit and promotes improved level of
energy.

A dietician wishes to minimize the cost of a diet involving two types of foods, food X (x kg) and
food Y (y kg) which are available at the rate of `16/kg and `20/kg respectively. The feasible
region satisfying the constraints is shown in Figure-2.
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions.
(i) Identify and write all the constraints which determine the given feasible region in Figure-2.
(ii) If the objective is to minimize cost Z  16x  20y , find the values of x and y at which cost is
minimum. Also, find minimum cost assuming that minimum cost is possible for the given
unbounded region.
Sol. (i) Constraints are x  2y  10, x  y  6, 3x  y  8, x  0, y  0 .
(ii) The corner points of the feasible region are A(10, 0), B(2, 4), C(1, 5) and D(0, 8).
Therefore, ZA  160, ZB  32  80  112, ZC  16  100  116, ZD  160 .
The minimum value of Z is 112. But the feasible region is unbounded so, 112 may or may not be
the minimum value of Z.
To check, let 16x  20y  112 i.e., 4x  5y  28 .
Note that, 4x  5y  28 and feasible region of L.P.P. do not have any common point.
So, Z  112 is the minimum value of Z.
Also, the minimum value of Z is obtained at B(2, 4) i.e., when x  2, y  4 .
38. Airplanes are by far the safest mode of transportation when the number of transported
passengers are measured against personal injuries and fatality totals.

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Previous records state that the probability of an airplane crash is 0.00001%. Further, there are
95% chances that there will be survivors after a plane crash. Assume that in case of no crash, all
travellers survive.
Let E1 be the event that there is a plane crash and E 2 be the event that there is no crash.
Let A be the event that passengers survive after the journey.
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions.
(i) Find the probability that the airplane will not crash.
(ii) Find P(A | E1 )  P(A | E 2 ) .
(iii) Find P(A) .
OR
(iii) Find P(E 2 | A) .
1 9999999
Sol. (i) P(E 2 )  1  P(E1 )  1  0.00001%  1    99.99999% .
10000000 10000000
(ii) P(A | E1 )  P(A | E 2 )  95%  100%  195% .
(iii) P(A)  P(A | E1 ) P(E1 )  P(A | E 2 ) P(E 2 )
95 1 100 9999999
 P(A)    
100 10000000 100 10000000
95  999999900 999999995
 P(A)    99.9999995% .
100  10000000 100  10000000
OR
P(A | E 2 ) P(E 2 )
(iii) Using Bayes’ theorem, P(E 2 | A) 
P(A)
100 9999999

100  9999999 20  9999999
 P(E 2 | A)  100 10000000  
999999995 999999995 199999999
100  10000000
199999980
 P(E 2 | A)  .
199999999

 Q.P. Code - 65/2/2

dy
01. The number of solutions of differential equation  y  1 , given that y(0)  1 is
dx
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) infinitely many
Sol. (b) The no. of particular solution of a D.E. is always one (1).
06. The number of all scalar matrices of order 3, with each entry –1, 0 or 1, is
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 39
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Sol. (b) The non-diagonal elements are all 0 in a scalar matrix whereas the diagonal elements are all
identical.
 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Therefore, the scalar matrices formed will be  0 1 0  ,

 0 1 0  and  0 0 0  .
   
 0 0 1  0 0 1   0 0 0 
d
07.  cos (log x  e x )  at x  1 is
dx
(a)  sin e (b) sin e (c) (1  e) sin e (d) (1  e) sin e
d 1
Sol. (c)  cos (log x  e x )    sin(log x  e x )    e x 
dx x 
1 
At x  1 , the required value is  sin(log1  e1 )    e1   (1  e) sin e ( log1  0
1 
14. Which of the following statements is not true about equivalence classes Ai (i  1, 2,..., n) formed
by an equivalence relation R defined on a set A?
n
(a) A
i 1
i A

(b) Ai  A j  , i  j
(c) x  A i and x  A j  A i  A j
(d) All elements of A i are related to each other, for all i
Sol. (b) Ai  A j  , i  j .
2 a
18. If  2e 2x dx   e x dx , the value of ‘a’ is
0 0

1
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d)
2
2 a 2
2x  e2x  x a
Sol. (c)  2e dx   e dx  2    e x 
 2 0
0
0 0

 e 4  1  ea  1
a  4 .
a3
x2
22. Evaluate  dx .
0
x6  a6
dt
Sol. Put x 3  t  x 2 dx  . Also when x  0  t  0 and when x  a 3  t  a 9 .
3
a3 a9 a9
x2 1 dt 1  1 t 
So,  6 6
dx   2 6
 3  tan a 3 
0
x a 3 0 t a 3a 0

1  1 a 9 1  tan 1 a 6
  tan  tan 0   .
3a 3  a3  3a 3

25. (a) Check the differentiability of f (x)  cos x at x  .
2
OR
2
d y
(b) If y  A sin 2x  Bcos 2x and  ky  0 , find the value of k.
dx 2
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 
cos x, if x  2  
Sol. (a) f (x)  cos x   , f    cos  0
 cos x, if x    2  2
 2
    
f  hf   cos   h   0
 2   2   lim 2 sinh
Lf     lim    lim  1 ,
2 h  0 h h  0 h h  0 h
    
f  hf    cos   h   0
 2   2   lim 2 sinh
Rf     lim    lim 1
 2  h 0 h h 0 h h 0 h

  
 Lf     Rf     f (x) is non-differentiable at x  .
2 2 2
OR
(b) y  A sin 2x  Bcos 2x …(i)
dy
  2A cos 2x  2Bsin 2x
dx
d2y
 2  4A sin 2x  4Bcos 2x  4(A sin 2x  B cos 2x)  4y [By (i)
dx
d2y
 2  4y  0 …(ii)
dx
d2 y
Comparing (ii) and  ky  0 , we get k  4 .
dx 2
     
27. If vectors a, b and 2a  3b are unit vectors, then find the angle between a and b .
   
Sol. Since 2a  3b is a unit vector so, 2a  3b  1
 2    
 2a  3b  1 i.e., (2a  3b).(2a  3b)  1
2     2
 4 a  6a .b  6b.a  9 b  1
     
 4  12  12a .b  9  12  1 [ a .b  b.a
   
 12 a b cos   12 , where  is angle between a and b
 1 1cos   1
 cos   1
   .
dy y
30. (a) If x 30 y 20  (x  y)50 , prove that  .
dx x
OR
dy
(b) Find , if 5x  5y  5x  y .
dx
Sol. (a) x 30 y 20  (x  y)50
Taking log on both the sides, we get log(x 30 y 20 )  log(x  y)50
 30 log x  20log y  50log(x  y)
30 20 50
   y   (1  y)
x y xy
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 20 50  50 30
    y  
 y xy xy x
 20x  20y  50y  50x  30x  30y
   y 
 y(x  y)  x(x  y)
 20x  30y  20x  30y
   y 
 y  x
dy y
  .
dx x
OR
(b) 5x  5y  5x  y …(i)
On differentiating w.r.t. x, 5x log 5  5 y log 5  y  5x  y log 5  (1  y)
 5x  5y  y  5x  y  5x  y  y
 (5y  5x  y )  y  5x  y  5x
 (5x )  y  5y [By (i)
5y
 y  
5x
dy
  5y  x .
dx
 
32. Find the value of p for which the lines r   ˆi  (2  1)ˆj  (3  2)kˆ and r  ˆi  3 ˆj  (p  7)kˆ
are perpendicular to each other and also intersect. Also, find the point of intersection of the
given lines.
 ˆ and r  ˆi  7kˆ  (3jˆ  pk)
Sol. Rewriting the lines, r  ˆj  2kˆ   (iˆ  2ˆj  3k) ˆ
Since lines are perpendicular to each other so, (iˆ  2ˆj  3k).( ˆ 3jˆ  pk)
ˆ 0
 6  3p  0  p  2 .
The coordinates of any random point on the both the lines are respectively (, 2  1, 3  2)
and (1, 3, 2  7) .
When the lines intersect, then we must have (, 2  1, 3  2)  (1, 3, 2  7)
On comparing the x, y and z coordinates, we get   1, 2  1  3, 3  2  2  7
On solving these equations, we get   1,   1
Hence, the point of intersection of given lines are (1, 3, 5).
5 0 4 1 3 3 
33. (a) If A   2 3 2  and B1  1 4 3  , find (AB)1 . Also, find (AB)1 .
 1 2 1  1 3 4 
OR
1 1 1 
(b) Given A   2 3 2  , find A 1 .
 1 1 2 
Use it to solve the following system of equations : x  y  z  1, 2x  3y  2z  2, x  y  2z  4 .
5 0 4 5 0 4
Sol.  
(a) For A   2 3 2  , A  2 3 2  5(1)  0  4(1)  1  0  A 1 exists.
 1 2 1  1 2 1

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 1 8 12   1 8 12 
  adj.A 1 
Also, adj.A   0 1 2  A 1
 0 1 2 
A 1
 1 10 15   1 10 15 
1 3 3   1 8 12 
Now (AB)  B A  1 4 3   0 1 2 
1 1 1

1 3 4   1 10 15
 2 19 27 
 (AB)   2 18 25 
1
 
 3 29 42 
Also, (AB)1  B1A 1  B1 A 1  1(7)  3(1)  3(1)1(5)  0  (1)(4)
 (AB)1  (1)(1)  1 .
OR
1 1 1 
(b) For A   2 3 2  , A  1(4)  1(2)  1(1)  1  0  A 1 exists.
 1 1 2 
 4 1 1  4 1 1  4 1 1
  adj.A 1 
Also, adj.A   2 1 0  A  1
 2 1 0    2 1 0 
A 1   
 1 0 1   1 0 1   1 0 1 
Now x  y  z  1, 2x  3y  2z  2, x  y  2z  4
1 1 1 x 1 
Let M   2 3 2 , X  y , B   2



 

 
 1 1 2   z   4
As MX  B 1
so, X  M B  A B 1
( M  A
 4 1 1 1 
 X   2 1 0   2 
 1 0 1   4 
 x   2 
  y   0 
   
 z  3 
By equality of matrices, we get x  2, y  0, z  3 .

 Q.P. Code - 65/2/3

dy
01. If y  cos 1 (e x ) , then is
dx
1 1 1 1
(a) (b)  (c) (d) 
2x 2x 2x 2x
e 1 e 1 e 1 e 1
x
dy 1
d e
Sol. (d) y  cos 1 (e x )    (e x )  
dx 1  (e ) dx
x 2
1  e 2x

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dy 1 1 1
Dividing Nr and Dr both by e x ,    .
dx 1 e 2x
1 e 2x 
e 12x

ex e 2x
02. The degree and order of the differential equation y2  log(y)  x 5 respectively are
(a) not defined, 5 (b) not defined, 2 (c) 5, not defined (d) 2, 2
Sol. (b) Degree : not defined; order : 2.
 tan x 1   
05. If for the matrix A    , A  A  2 3 I , then the value of x   0,  is
 1 tan x   2
  
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d)
4 3 6
Sol. (c) A  A  2 3 I
 tan x 1   tan x 1  1 0
    2 3 
 1 tan x   1 tan x  0 1
 2 tan x 0  2 3 0 
   
 0 2 tan x   0 2 3 
By equality of matrices, we get 2 tan x  2 3  tan x  3

x  .
3
 
12. Anti-derivative of 1  sin 2x, x  0,  is
 4
(a) cos x  sin x (b)  cos x  sin x (c) cos x  sin x (d)  cos x  sin x
 
Sol. (b) 1  sin 2x  (cos x  sin x) 2  cos x  sin x  cos x  sin x, as x   0, 
 4
Therefore, the required anti-derivative is sin x  cos x .
  
20. Assertion (A) : (b.c) a is a scalar quantity.
Reason (R) : Dot product of two vectors is a scalar quantity.
    
Sol. (d) Note that, (b.c) is a scalar quantity whereas (b.c) a is a vector quantity.
So, Assertion (A) is false. Also, Reason (R) is true.
21. Determine whether the function f (x)  x 2  6x  3 is increasing or decreasing in [4, 6].
Sol. f (x)  x 2  6x  3  f (x)  2x  6
Since f (x)  0 in x  [4, 6] .
So, f (x) is increasing in [4, 6].
 1  3 1  4 
22. (a) Find the value of sin 1     cos1     cot  tan  .
 2  2   3 
OR
(b) Find the domain of the function f (x)  cos 1 (1  x 2 ) . Also, find its range.
 1  3 1  4 
Sol. (a) sin 1     cos1     cot  tan 
 2  2   3 
 5  4   
    cot 1 3
6 6
   tan 3  tan    3   tan 3  3
  

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4  5
   .
6 6 6
OR
(b) The given function is defined when 1  (1  x 2 )  1
 2   x 2  0
 0  x2  2
 x  [ 2, 2]
Hence, the domain of given function is x  [ 2, 2] .
Also, the range of the function is [0, ] .
2
27. Find x log(x 2  1)dx .
d 
Sol. x
2
log(x 2  1)dx  log(x 2  1) x 2dx    log(x 2  1)  x 2dx  dx
 dx 
3 3
x  2x x 
 log(x 2  1)    2   dx
3  x 1 3 
x3 2  x4 
 log(x 2  1)    2  dx
3 3  x 1
x3 2  1 
 log(x 2  1)   (x 2  1)  2  dx
3 3  x 1
x3 2 2  x3 1 x 1 
 log(x  1)    x  log c
3 3 3 2 x  1 
x3 2x 3 2x 1 x 1
 log(x 2  1)    log c.
3 9 3 3 x 1
28. (a) If y  (log x)2 , prove that x 2 y  xy  2 .
OR
dy
(b) If y  sin (tan 1 e x ) , then find at x  0 .
dx
Sol. (a) y  (log x)2
1
 y  2(log x)  i.e., xy  2(log x)
x
1
 xy  y  1  2 
x
2
 x y  xy  2 .
OR
1 x
(b) y  sin (tan e )
dy 1
  cos (tan 1 e x )  x 2
 ex
dx 1  (e )
dy 1 1  1 1
At x  0 ,  cos (tan 1 e0 )  0 2
 e 0  cos (tan 1 1)  2
1  cos   .
dx 1  (e ) 11 4 2 2 2
33. (a) Show that a function f : R  R defined as f (x)  x 2  x  1 is neither one-one nor onto.
Also, find all the values of x for which f (x)  3 .
OR
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(b) A relation R is defined on N  N (where N is the set of natural numbers) as

a b
(a, b) R (c, d)   . Show that R is an equivalence relation.
c d
Sol. (a) Let x1 , x 2  R such that f (x1 )  f (x 2 ) .
That is, x12  x1  1  x 22  x 2  1
 (x1  x 2 )(x1  x 2 )  (x1  x 2 )  0
 (x1  x 2 )[(x1  x 2 )  1]  0
So, x1  x 2 or, (x1  x 2  1)  0
That is, f (x1 )  f (x 2 ) does not necessarily imply x1  x 2 .
Hence, f is not one-one.
Let y  f (x)  x 2  x  1, y  R
That is, x 2  x  (1  y)  0
1  1  4(1  y) 1  4y  3
x 
2 2
3 3 
For x to be real, we must have 4y  3  0 i.e., y  . It implies, range of function  y   ,   .
4 4 
That is, range of f (x)  codomain . Hence, f is not onto.
Now f (x)  3
So, x 2  x  1  3
 x2  x  2  0
 (x  1)(x  2)  0
 x  1,  2 .
OR
a b
(b) Note that,   (a, b) R (a, b)  (a, b)  N  N . So, R is reflexive.
a b
Let (a, b) R (c, d)  (a, b), (c, d)  N  N .
a b c d
Then,  which implies,  .
c d a b
That implies, (c, d) R (a, b) .
Therefore, R is symmetric.
Let (a, b) R (c, d) and (c, d) R (e, f )  (a, b), (c, d), (e, f )  N  N .
a b c d
Then,  and  .
c d e f
a c b d
Consider   
c e d f
a b
 
e f
That implies, (a, b) R (e, f ) .
Therefore, R is transitive.
Since R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive so, R is equivalence relation.
35. The vertices of a ABC are A(1, 1, 0), B(1, 2, 1) and C(–2, 2, –1). Find the equations of the
medians through A and B. Use the equations so obtained to find the coordinates of the centroid.
Sol. Consider the diagram shown below.

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Note that, the medians AD and BE will bisect the sides

BC and AC at D and E respectively.
 1  2 2  2 1 1   1 
Then, D  , ,  i.e., D   , 2, 0  and
 2 2 2   2 
 1 2 1 2 0 1   1 3 1
E , ,  i.e., E   , ,   .
 2 2 2   2 2 2
x 1 y 1 z  0 x  1 y 1 z  0
Now equation of median AD :   i.e.,   .
3 1 0  3 2 0

2
x 1 y  2 z 1 x  1 y  2 z 1
Also, the equation of median BE :   i.e.,   .
3 1 3 3 1 3
  
2 2 2
The coordinates of random points on the lines AD and BE are respectively (3  1, 2  1, 0)
and (3  1,   2, 3  1) .
When the lines AD and BE intersect (we get the centroid of ABC ), then the above obtained
random points will coincide.
That is, (3  1, 2  1, 0)  (3  1,   2,3  1)
Comparing the x, y and z coordinates, we get 3  1  3  1, 2  1    2, 3  1  0
1 1
On solving, we get   ,    .
3 3
 5 
Hence, the coordinates of centroid are  0, , 0  .
 3 

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