Subject: Mechanical Processes and Equipment

Instructor: Assoc. Prof. NGUYỄN HỮU HIẾU, Ph.D

Student’s name: LỮ THÀNH THIÊN – ID: 1952124

HOMEWORK #1

Question 1.1: What are the differences between GAS and VAPOUR?

VAPOUR GAS

A substance that co-exist with liquid or It is a substance that has a single defined
solid at room temperature. thermodynamic state at room temperature, one of
four original states of the universe.

A vapour is a gas produced by heating a Most gases need high pressure and low
solid or liquid that can return its solid or temperatures to return to their liquid or solid state.
liquid state under high pressure at the same
temperature.

A substance above its boiling temperature A substance above its critical temperature but
below its critical pressure

Examples: water vapour (most common Example: Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Diborane,
vapour), iodine vapour, etc. etc.

Question 1.2: Write the dimension of shear stress, compare to pressure and make a
conclusion.

Shear stress:

Shear stress unit:

( ) ( ) ( )

 Dimension: [ ]

Pressure:

Pressure dimension: [ ]

Therefore the shear stress and the pressure have the

same dimension, which is [ ]
Conclusion: they are all have the formula in common, as a result in the same dimension.

However, the force F of the shear force is the tangential component of force ( ) as long as it is
normal component of force ( for the pressure.

Question 1.3: Explain the change of viscosity ( ) of gas and liquid within the temperatures.

In liquids, the larger temperature leads to the greater thermal energy in molecules so that
they are more able to overcome the intermolecular forces, specifically the attractive forces binding
them together; as a result, viscosity of liquid decreases with an increase of the temperature.

In gases, since the momentum transfer is caused by free motion of gas molecules between
collisions, increasing thermal agitation of the molecules results in a larger viscosity. Hence,
gaseous viscosity increases with temperature.

Question 1.4: Find the dimension of viscosity ( ) using SI system.

We have viscosity:

Viscosity unit is: ( ) ( ) ( )

So that its dimension is: [ ]

Question 1.5: Calculate the density of a suspension which includes 20w.t% of dispersed phase
in water. The dispersed phase has a specific gravity of 2.5

Step 1: Calculate the density of the dispersed phase

( ) ( )

Step 2: Calculate the density of a suspension

( * ( *

( *
Question 1.6: Determine the density of an emulsion with 30vol% of oil dispersed in water at
30 degrees Celsius.

Density of oil and water at 30 : ( ) ( )

Calculate the density of emulsion: Assume that there is the emulsion of in which of
oil and of water

( * ( ( * (

( )

Question 1.7: Calculate the density of the gas mixture including N2, O2, CO2 and H2 at 20
with the mole ratio of 1 : 2 : 2.5 : 0.5, respectively. The density of gas component s can be
found on the Internet.

Density of components:

(Source: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/gas-density-d_158.html and

https://h2tools.org/hyarc/hydrogen-data/basic-hydrogen-properties)

Step 1: Identify the molar fraction of each component

Step 2: Calculate the density of gas mixture

( * ( * ( *

( * ( *
Question 1.8: If we concern the mixture in question 1.7 as an ideal gas mixture. Calculate the
density of gas mixture at 1atm.

Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of gas mixture

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( )

Step 2: Calculate the density of the gas mixture

( ( )
( ) ( *
( (

Question 1.9: Determine the kinematic viscosity of gas mixture in question 1.7.

Dynamic viscosity of components:

( * ( * ( * ( *

(Source: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/gases-absolute-dynamic-viscosity-d_1888.html)

Step 1: Calculate the dynamic viscosity of gas mixture

( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( * ( * ( * ( *

( *

Step 2: Calculate the kinematic viscosity of gas mixture

( *
( ) (
( *
Question 1.10: Determine the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion in question 1.6, given that
and at this condition.

Volume fraction: ; Oil’s dynamic viscosity:

Step 1: Calculate the dynamic viscosity of the emulsion

∑ (

Step 2: Calculate the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion

(
(
( *

Question 1.11: Calculate the kinematic viscosity in question 1.5 at 25 .

Dynamic viscosity of water at 25 : ( )

(Source:
https://www.engineersedge.com/physics/water__density_viscosity_specific_weight_13146.htm#:~:t
ext=The%20dynamic%20viscosity%20of%20water,centipoise%20at%2020%20%C2%B0C.)

Step 1: Calculate the volume fraction of dispersed phase

(
( *
(
( *

Step 1: Calculate the dynamic viscosity of the suspension

( ( * ( ( *

Step 3: Calculate the kinematic viscosity of the suspension

( *
(
( *
HOMEWORK #2

Question 2.1: Determine ?

Oil (𝑆 𝐺 )

( *
𝒉 (𝒎 ?
𝑝𝑏𝑜𝑡 𝑝𝑠𝑖
( *

( ( ( * ( ) (

Question 2.2: Determine the bottom pressure ( given that the atmospheric
pressure = 800 Torr and the density of solid is .

𝑝𝑎 = 800 Torr
% solid particles

𝑚 Suspension

𝒑𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒕𝒐𝒎 = ? (psi)

( ( * ( ) ( (
Question 2.3: Given ( ) ( . Determine (formula)?

𝑝
𝑝𝑎 𝑎𝑡
𝜌
𝒑? 𝜌

𝜌 𝜌
𝑝

We have:
( ( (
[ ( ( ( ]
[ ( ( ( ] (
Question 2.4: Determine and . Know that the fluid is a suspension with 15w.t.% solid,

𝑝𝑒 𝑝𝑠𝑖

𝑯 (𝒎

𝒑𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒕 ? (𝒃𝒂𝒓

( (

( *
Calculate the density of the suspension:

∑ ( ) ( *
( * ( *
Calculate :

( ( * ( ) ( [ ]
Calculate H:

( ( * ( ) ( [ ]
(
(
( * ( )[ ]
Question 2.5: Determine the pressure ( .
𝒑𝒆 ? 𝒑𝒔𝒊

Water

( * ( ) ( [ ]
Question 2.6: Answer these questions bellow:

1. This point under what condition?

𝑚 2. How to make this system?

Water
Glass
container

1. ( ( ) ( ) ( * +
The point in the tube is under the pressure of 0.95 at, it’s under the vacuum condition.
2. Create a hole above the tube, turn it upside down and let the water flow into the tube until
the water level inside the tube equals to the outside. Then use the vacuum pump through the
hole to depressurize the atmosphere inside the tube so that the water level rises up by 0.5m
compared with the outside level. Lastly, cover the hole to remain the condition inside the
tube.
Question 2.7: Under what condition that the ship is suspended?

𝑉𝑠𝑤 𝜌𝑠 𝑖𝑝 𝑉𝑠 𝑖𝑝

𝜌𝑠𝑤

The ship is suspended when the Bouyant Force acting on the ship is smaller than the gravity
force that acts on the ship.
Or:

HOMEWORK #3

Question 3.1: The suspension which is 10w.t% solid particle in water at

( ) flows through a pipe with d = 300 mm. Determine the VFR of this
suspension, given that the fluid flows with max transition in this pipe.

∅ 𝑚𝑚

𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛

Step 1: Calculate density of the suspension:

( *

( )
( ) ( )

Step 2: Calculate viscosity and velocity of the suspension:

Volume fraction of solid particle: presume that there is of the suspension in which the
mass of solid particle and water are: ,
 ( ( *

( ( * ( ( *

( ( ( (

Step 3: Calculate the VFR:

( * (
( *

̇ ( ) ( (

Question 3.2: Given the system bellow, the fluid is the suspension with 15w.t.%
dispersed phase in water at 25 , . Assume that there is no energy
loss in this system, determine ( .

∆𝑧 𝑚
B
𝑝𝑒 ? 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑟

Step 1: Calculate the density of the suspension:

( )
( * ( *
Step 2: Calculate ( :

Apply Bernoulli’s equation for the system:

Where:

Therefore:

∆ ∆ ( ( * ( )

Question 3.3: Determine ( ? Given that the suspension is 20w.t.% particles in

water at 25 ,
𝑝𝑣𝑎𝑐 𝑎𝑡

90°

∆𝑧 𝑚
𝑝𝑒 ? 𝑝𝑠𝑖

𝑙 𝑚

𝑑 𝑚𝑚

𝑚
𝑉̇
𝑠
Elbow 90°

Step 1: Calculate the density of the suspension:

( )
( * ( *
Step 2: Calculations of and :

̇
(

In 100kg suspension there are 20kg dispensed phase and 80kg water, so that the volume
fraction of dispensed phase:

( ( *

( ( * ( ( *

(
(
( (

( )
( * (
( *

∑ ∑ ∑ ( * ( *

Step 3: Head losses:

( )
(∑ )
( )

∑ ( ( (

Step 4: Calculate ( :

Apply Bernoulli’s equation for the system:

Where: ∆
Therefore:

( * +
∆ ∑ ( (
( * ( )

Question 3.4: Given that and . Calculate the

time that the tank is empty (approximate and accurate).

𝑑
𝐻

Step 1: Calculate :
𝜉𝑜𝑟𝑖

√ √ ( ) (
Step 2: Calculate :
(
( * ( ( )
(
(
(
∫ ( * ∫ ( )
(
( √ ( )
Question 3.5: Determine ̇ ( ) and . Given that
water at .

𝜉𝑜𝑟𝑖
Step 1: Calculate ̇ :
̇ √ ( √ ( ) (

Step 2: Calculate :

√ √ ( ) (

̇
(

( ) ( *
( * (
(
( ) ( *
( * (
(
Question 3.6: Given that air at U shape:
Hg. Determine ̇ ( ) and .

𝐷
𝑑

𝐴𝑖𝑟

Hg

Step 1: Calculate ̇ :

( *
√ √ ( ) (
√( ) √( ) ( *

̇ ( ) ( ( ) ( *

̇ ( *

(
Step 2: Calculate :
( ) ( *
( * (
(
( ) ( *
( * (
(
Question 3.7: Given that air at 30 .
Determine: (a) Volume flow rate ̇ , (b) Flow Regimes at D, d.
𝐷
𝑑

Water

(a) Calculate ̇ :
Step 1: Calculate :
Hydrostatic equation:
( * ( ) ( [ ]
Step 2: Calculate ̇ :
Apply Bernoulli’s equation for the system:

Where:

(Continuity equation)

* ( * +

( (
[ ] * ( * +
( * ( ) ( )

̇ ( ) ( ( ) ( *
 ( * ( ) ( *

(b) Calculate :
( ) ( *
(
(
( ) ( *
(
(
Question 3.8: Given that ̇ ∑ . Determine
(
𝑝𝑣𝑎𝑐

∑𝜉

𝑉̇

Step 1: Calculate :
̇ ( )
(
Step 1: Calculate :
( ) (
( ∑ * ( )
( ) (
Question 3.9: Given the system below with no lose. Determine: (a) ̇ ( ) (b)
.

𝑑 𝑚𝑚
Water,
𝑝𝑒 𝑎𝑡

𝐷 𝑚𝑚
∆𝑧 𝑚
𝑝 𝑝𝑎

∆𝑧 𝑚

Apply Bernoulli’s equation for the system:

Where: ( ) ∆ ∆

( ) (Continuity equation)

( ( * ) (

( (
( ( ) + (
( ) (
( * ( )

a) ̇ ( ) (
( ) ( )
b) ( ) (
( )

( *
HOMEWORK #4

Question 4.1: Given that

∑ ∑ at . Calculate ∆ ( ?

𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟

∆𝑧
B

Step 1: Calculate :

( ( * ( )
( )

Step 2: Calculate ∆ :

∆ ( ) ∑

Where:

∑ ∑ ∑ ( ) ( )

( ∑ * ( ∑ *

( ) ( )
( (
( * ( *
( ) ( )

69.61 m

∆ ∆
Question 4.2: Given that ∑
at . Calculate time to full-fill the tank B.

𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟

A B

Step 1: Calculate :

( ( * ( )
( )

Step 2: Calculate ̇ ( :

∆ ( ) ∑ ∑

( +
( ∑ * ( ∑ * [ ∑ ]

( [ ]
( ( )
Step 2: Calculate :
HOMEWORK #5

Question 5.1: Given that a suspension 15%w.t of particles in water (

is pumped from tank A to B. And
∑ ∑

Calculate: a. The required power of the pump at . The given data as

follow:
2 4 6 8 10 12
13 14 16 15 12 10
55 60 75 78 70 65
b. If . Then ?

𝑝𝑣𝑎𝑐 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑟
𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
𝑝𝑒 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ∆𝑧 𝑚
B

a. Step 1: Calculate :

Step 2: Find :

∆ ( ) ∑

( ( ( ( *

∑ ∑ ∑ ( ) ( )
 ( ∑ * ( ∑ *

( *
* ( ∑ * ( ∑ *+

(
[ ( * ( *]
( (

Therefore: ( (

2 4 6 8 10 12
-2.7468 -0.7956 2.4564 7.0092 12.8628 20.0172

Step 3: Determine operating point O and :

From the data in the given table we get:

25 90

80
20
70

15 60
hp, m
50
10 hsys, m
40
n%
5 30

20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 10
-5 0

According to the figure we conclude that: %

%
b. We have: ( ) ( )
Question 5.2: A suspension ( % dispersed phase, ; continuous phase is water
at ) is mixed using a paddle impelled at . Calculate the required
power of the motor for this agitator in hp.
Step 1: Calculate and :

(
( (
Step 2: Calculate and :

( *
(

Step 3: Calculate :

( * ( (
HOMEWORK #6

Question 6.1: A suspension contains dispersed particles with average

. Apply gravity settle in water, , determine: (a) , (b) .

( ) ( ( *
(

Stroke settling

(
( ) ( *

Question 6.2: A suspension with particles has a density of 1200 kg/m3. Settling in
sedimentation chamber, oil is used as medium where .
Assume stoke settling is applied, determine ̅ .

( ) ( *

( *

Question 6.3: The suspension in sedimentation chamber (15%w.t dispersed phase,

). After settling, the concentration of residue and settle phase (cleaned water)
is 80% and 2%, respectively. Given ̇ . Calculate: (a) ̇ , (b)
̇ and (c) .
(%) ̇ (kg/h) and
Suspension 15 ?
Residue 80 ?
SP 2 1000
% %
 % %
̇ ̇
% %

̇ ̇ ̇

̇
̇

% %
% % %
%

HOMEWORK #7

Question 7.1: Calculate feed volume of a suspension which is filtered to obtain filtrate
water volume 10 m3 and ratio of wet residue and filtrate water volumes of 0.5.

Question 7.2: Calculate obtained filtrate water and wet residue volumes when the feed
suspension volume of 20 m3 and ratio of filtrate water and wet residue volume of 1.5.

and

Question 7.3: Determine the residue thickness formed on filer area of 5 m 2 when the
feed suspension volume of 20 m3, ratio of filtrate water and wet residue volumes of 1.2.

and
Question 7.4: Determine mass of dried residue formed on 1 m 2 filter area. Given: feed
suspension volume of 15 m3, ratio of dried residue mass and filtrate water of 0.8, ratio
of wet residue and filtrate water volumes of 0.6, total filter area is 3 m 2.

and

Question 7.5: Conduct a filtration to obtain filtrate water volume 10 m3 with the
density of 1100 kg/m3, dried residue mass of 100 kg, wet residue volume 3 m 3, ratio of
wet residue and dried residue masses of 1.2 .Total filter area is 5 m 2, mass specific
resistance of residue is 0.01 /kg. Determine:

a) The concentration of the feed suspension.

% %

b) The density of the dispersed phase in the feed suspension.

( ) ( )

c) The mass of the feed suspension.

d) Thickness of the formed residue.

e) Total resistance of the formed residue.

Question 7.6: A suspension is filtered in 3 hours to obtain filtrate water volume of 6 m3.
Conduct the experiment at the same pressure and residue to get the filter constant as
C = 1.45 × 10-3 m3 /m2, K = 20.7 х 10-6 m2/h. Determine the filtrate area.

Filtering at constant P:

( )

( )

Question 7.7: Conduct filtration experiment with a suspension at constant pressure

and filter area of 1 m2, the results were obtained as followings: 1L of filtrate water took
2.5 minutes, 4L of filtrate water take 16.5 minutes. Calculate time to obtain 15L filtrate
water at the same condition and area.

( * ( * ( * ( *
 Question 7.8: Design of the number of frames or plates of a press filter with the
following given parameters:

- Feed suspension capacity of ̇ - Filtrate pressure is constant

- Feed suspension concentration of % - Filtrate constants: C = 0.1 m3 /m2

- Residue moisture content of % - K = 0.0252 m2/h

- Dispersed phase density of - Square frame size 0.4 m х 0.4 m

- Continuous phase density of

%
( ) ( )
%

Assume in 1 hour:

( (

Therefore: The number of two-side plate is: 100; the number of frame is: 101
HOMEWORK #9

Question 9.1: A quartz mixture having the screen analysis shown in table 9.1 is
screened through a standard 14-mesh screen. The cumulative screen analysis of feed,
overflow, and underflow are given in the table. Calculate the overall screen efficiency.
Cumulative fraction
Mesh
Feed Overflow Underflow
4 4.6 0 0 -
6 3.327 0.025 0.071 -
8 2.362 0.15 0.43 0
10 1.651 0.47 0.85 0.195
14 1.168 0.73 0.97 0.58
20 0.833 0.885 0.99 0.83
28 0.589 0.94 1 0.91
35 0.417 0.96 - 0.94
65 0.208 0.98 - 0.975
PAN 1 - 1

( ( (
( (

( ( (
%
( (
Question 9.2: Dolomite is grinded then screened through a standard 14-mesh screen.
The cumulative screen analysis of feed, overflow, and underflow are given in the table
9.2.

Differential a) Calculate the overall screen efficiency.

Mesh
Feed Overflow Underflow
4 0.15 0.2 - b) Determine the mass of the material
6 0.08 0.15 -
overflow and underflow, given screening
8 0.11 0.17 -
10 0.13 0.28 0.07 rate is 1 T/h.
14 0.17 0.15 0.19
20 0.24 0.05 0.18
28 0.06 - 0.27
35 0.06 - 0.29
Sum 0.65 0.95 0.26
 ( ( (
a) ( (

( ( (
%
( (

b) %

(1) and (2)

Question 9.3: Separating the particles of a material by using a 35-mesh screen, after
screening the mass ratio of particles overflow and underflow is 4:6, the analysis result
of feed and overflow are given in the table 9.3. Determine the overall screen efficiency.
Differential
Mesh
Feed Overflow
10 0.30% 0.75%
14 0.50% 1%
20 8.90% 17.50%
28 18.60% 33%
35 25.80% 38.75%
48 28.10% 7.50%
65 9.10% 1.50%
100 6.20% -
150 2.50% -
% % % % % %

% % % % % %

, ,

So that

% %
Therefore, %

( ( (
( (

( ( (
%
( (
 CHAPTER 4

Question 1 (pg.70):

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

Question 2 (pg.70):

At 4 :

a.

b.

c.

Question 3 (pg.71): N2: 70%, O2: 14%, CO: 4%, CO2: 12%

Presume that

Step 1: Total moles of the gas mixture

( ( ( (
mol
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

Step 2: Mole fraction

( (
( ) ( )
% % % %;
( (

( (
( ) ( )
% % % %
( (
Question 4 (pg.71):

Concentration of H2SO4 aquatic solution:

Rate of volume flow:

Density of solution:

Solution:

a. Molecular mass of H2SO4:

b. Rate of flow (mole of H2 SO4 ):

( * ( * ( *

c. Rate of flow (mass of H2 SO4 ):

( * ( ) ( )

d. Total rate of flow (mass of solution):

( ) ( ) ( )

Question 5 (pg.71):

(1) Benzene (C6H6) and (2) Toluene (C7H8)

Total mass flow:

% %

Solution:

Let a and b be the mass flow of benzene and toluene, respectively.

( * (
, % { {
(
%

a. Mass flow of benzene:

b. Mass flow of toluene:

( )
c. Mole flow of toluene: ( )
( )
d. Total mole flow:

( )
Mole flow of benzene: c’ = ( )
( )

Total mole flow: ( ) ( ) ( )

( )
e. Mole fraction of benzene: % %
( )

Question 6 (pg.71):

Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of the air around the old electrical factory

% ( ) % ( ) % ( ) % ( )

( )

Step 2: Calculate the mass of sulfuric acid in 2000 of air

(
( % )
( )

Question 7 (pg.72):

a.

We have dimensions of , and are: , and respectively

Thus, this equation is not dimensionally homogenous.

* +
b.

Unit of * + is: [ ] [ ] * + . Additionally,

has the same unit as .

This equation is dimensionally homogenous.

Question 8 (pg.72):

;
;

* ( ) ( )+ ( * + ( *

Question 9 (pg.72):

( ) ( )

The dimension of each term:

; ( )

( ) (

This equation is dimensionally homogenous.

CHAPTER 5

Question 1 (pg.97):

According to mass conservation:

̇ ̇ ̇

̇ ̇ ̇

( * ( ) ( * ̇ ( * ( )

̇
Question 2 (pg.97):

Mass conservation:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇

( * ( ) ( * ( ) ( * ̇

Question 3 (pg.97):

Given that:

̇ ̇

̇ ̇ ̇

̇
̇

Mass conservation:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ̇

Mole fraction:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ̇
Question 4 (pg.97):

Flow ̇ ( * ̇( ) ( *

Inflowing 1 260 000

Inflowing 2 264 605 283 935

Product 1 113 197 157 721

Product 2 203 408 235 866

Product 3 208 000

Answer: ( )

Question 5 (pg.98):

Mass conservation:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇

( ) ( * ̇ ( ) ( * ( *

Question 6 (pg.98):

Volume conservation (same density):

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇

( ) ( ) ̇ % ( )

̇ ( )

̇ % ( ) ( )

̇ ( ) ( * ( *
a. Concentration of toxic in the atmosphere:

̇ ( *
( *
̇
( *

b. Inflowing wind: ̇ ̇

̇ ̇
̇ ̇ ̇

( *
( *
̇ ( *

̇ ( )

Therefore, the volume flow of wind has to be less than or equal ( )

Question 7 (pg.98):

Mass conservation:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇

( * ̇ ( * ( *

( * ̇ ( * ( *

Question 8 (pg.99):

a. Mass flow of dye and blood:

̇ ( )
̇ ( )
% %

b. Mass flow of blood:

̇ ̇ ̇ ( ) ( ) ( )
c. Volume flow of blood:

̇ ( )
̇ ( )
( )

Question 9 (pg.99):

Volume conservation:

̇ ̇ ̇ ( * ( * ̇ ̇ ( *

Mole conservation of NaCl:

̇ ̇ ̇

( * ( * ( * ( * ( *

Question 10 (pg.99)

( * (
(
( * ( *

Question 11 (pg.99-100):

Mass conservation (Acetone):

( * ̇ ( * ̇

Mass conservation (atmospheric flow):

̇ ( * ( *

Mass conservation (whole system):

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ̇

( * ̇ ( * ( * ( *

̇
Question 12 (pg.100):

a. Mass flow of ethyl benzene in 2 nd flow:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ( * ( * ̇

̇ ( *

b. Mass flow of ortho-xylene in 3 rd flow:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ( * ( * ̇

̇ ( *

c. Mass flow of para-xylene in 3 rd flow:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇

( * ( * ( * ̇

̇ ( *

d. Mass conservation:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ̇ ( * ( * ( * ( *

Mass percent of meta-xylene in 3 rd flow:

( * ( *

( * ( *
Question 13 (pg.100):

𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐶𝐻 𝐶𝑂
𝑠 𝑠
𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 O_2: 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑂 𝑂
𝑠 𝑠

(𝑔𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠

̇
% %
̇ ̇

Question 14 (pg.101):

̇ ̇ ̇

̇ ̇ ( ̇ ̇ ) ( *

Question 15 (pg.101):
𝐵𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑒𝑛𝑒
𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑇𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑒
𝑠 𝑇𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑒

𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐻 𝐻
𝑠
𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝐻
𝐶𝐻
𝑠

̇ % ̇ ( *

̇ % ̇ ( *

̇
%
̇ ̇
 ( * ( )
%
( * ( ) ( * ( )

Question 16 (pg.101):

Inflowing:

̇ % ( *

̇ % ̇ ( )
̇ % ̇ % %

̇ ̇ ̇ ( *

Question 17 (pg.102):

GeAs ( )

( )
̇ ̇ [ ]
( *

̇
̇

Question 18 (pg.102):

Inflowing 1: % %

Inflowing 2: ( )

̇ % ̇

̇ ̇ ̇
( *

̇ ̇ ̇ ( * ( *
Question 19 (pg.102-103):

Inflowing:

Coconut oil (co): ̇

̇ ̇ ( * ( )
( )

: ̇

Methanol: ̇ ̇ ( )

a. Outflowing:

̇ ̇ ̇ ̇

( * ( ) ( ) ( * ( )

̇ ̇ ( *

̇
% %
̇

̇
b. ̇

CHAPTER 7

Question 1 (pg.148)

a.

b.

Question 2 (pg. 148):

( (

( )
Question 3 (pg.149):

Question 4 (pg.149):

a. has the unit as:

:( )
(

b.

:( )

Question 5 (pg.149):

a. Bernoulli’s equation:

Where

When

b. ̇ √ √ ( ) ( (
Question 6 (pg.149, 150):

a. ( )

b. Bernoulli’s equation:

Where:

( ) ( )

( * ( ) ( ) ( * ( )

c.

Question 7 (pg.150, 151):

a. Bernoulli’s equation:

̇
( ( *

Where:

( ̇ (

Therefore:

(
∆ ( ) ̇ ( ) ( )( )( )
(

[ ̇ ( *] (
b. (See file P7C7.xlsx for more details)
Volume flow rate (GPM) Difference of pressure (psi) D (inch) d (inch)
0 1.046 3 1.2
Density
5 1.056 g (ft/s^2)
(lbm/ft^3)
10 1.087 32.174 62.4
15 1.139
20 1.211
25 1.305
30 1.419
35 1.553
40 1.709
45 1.885
50 2.082
55 2.299
60 2.538
65 2.797
70 3.076
75 3.377
80 3.698
85 4.040
90 4.402
95 4.786
100 5.190

6.000
Defference of pressure (psi)

5.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Volume flow rate (GPM)

Figure 1. ∆ as a function of ̇
̇ (
c. ∆ ̇
( ̇
Question 8 (pg.151):

( (

Where: ∆ ( )( )

( )( )( *

∆ ( ( ) [ ( ]

a.

∆ ( *

b.

∆ [ ( ] ( ** ( ) ( +

c.

∆ [ ( ] ( ** ( ) ( ( +

Question 9 (pg.151):

a. ( (

Where:

b. ( [( ) ( ) ]
Question 10 (pg.151, 152):

( (

Where:

( *(

̇ ( ) ( * ( ,

Question 10 (pg.152):

a. * + * +

Where

Therefore:

( ∆ (∆

∆ where (

C 𝑝 (𝑝𝑠𝑖 ∆𝑧 (𝑓𝑡
D E
A B
(𝑓𝑡 𝑝 0

D E
A B

𝑝𝐶
C

𝑡𝐴 𝑡𝐵 𝑡𝐶 𝑡𝐷 𝑡𝐸
b. According to the diagram above, the minimum pressure is at point C – at the top of the hill.

c. ( ∆

Where:

̇ * +[ ]