A Laboratory Manual For

Software Engineering
(22413)

Semester –IV

Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education, Mumbai
(Autonomous) (ISO 9001 : 2015) (lSO/IEC 27001 : 2013)
 Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education,
(Autonomous) (ISO 9001 : 2008) (lSO/IEC 27001 : 2005)
4th Floor, Government Polytechnic Building, 49, Kherwadi, Bandra ( East ), Mumbai
400051.
(Printed on December, 2018)
 MAHARASHTRA STATE

BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. /

Ms:……………………………………………………………..............

Roll No..............................,…………. of Fourth Semester of Diploma

in……………………………….................................................................................................... of

Institute.............………………………………………………………… (Code:……….......) has

completed the term work satisfactorily in course - Software Engineering (22413) for the
academic year 20…. - 20…… as Prescribed in curriculum

Place:…………………… Enrollment No:…………………………………

Date: …………………….. Exam. Seat No:………………………………...

Subject Teacher Head of Department

Principal
 Performance
Sr. No. CO PrO Name of Experiment date Actual Date Mark(25) Remark

Write a Problem Statement to define a title of the project with

1 CO1 PrO1
bounded scope of project

Select relevant process model to define activities and related

2 CO1 PrO2
task set for assighned project

Gather Application Specific requirementsfor assimilate into

3 CO2 PrO3
RE model

Prepare broad SRS (Software requitement Software) for the

4 CO2 PrO4
above selected projects

Prepare USE Cases and and Draw Use Case Diagram using
5 CO2 PrO5
modelling Tool

Develop the activity diagram to represent flow from one

6 CO3 PrO6
activity to another for software development

7 CO3 PrO7 Develop data Designs using DFD Decision Table & ER

Draw class diagram,sequence diagram, Collaboration

8 CO3,CO4 PrO8
Diagram, State Transition Diagram for the assigned project

Write Test Cases to Validate requirements of assigned project

9 CO3,CO4 PrO9
from SRS Document

Identify the risk involved in the project and prepare RMMM

10 CO4 PrO10
plan

Evaluate Size of the project using function point metric for

11 CO4 PrO11
the assigned project

Estimate cost of the project using COCOMO and

12 CO4 PrO12
COCOCMOII for the assigned project

13 CO3,CO4 PrO13 Use CPM/PERT for scheduling the assigned project

 Use timeline Charts or Gantt Charts to track progress of the
14 CO3,CO4 PrO14
assigned project

Prepare SQA Plan that facilitates various attributes of quality

15 CO5 PrO15
of the process

Prepare SQ A Plan that facilitates various attributes of

16 CO5 PrO16
quality of the product

PRATICAL -1

Write Problem statement to define the Project Title with bounded scope of the project.

PROJECT(Write your project title):

…WRITE PROBLEM STATEMENT TO DEFINE THE PROJECT TITLE WITH BOUNDED SCOPE OF
THE PROJECT.

I] PRATICAL SIGNIFICANCE

To analyze the basic requirement of software product and to generate problem statement and to
analyze the bounded scope of the software product.

II] RELEVANT PROGRAM OUTCOMES:-

Po1 - Basic Knowledge

Po2 – Discipline Knowledge Po3 – Life
Long Knowledge Po4 – Engineering
tool. Po5 – Communication.

III] COMPETENCY AND PRACTICAL SKILLS

This practical is expected to develop the following skills.

• Write a program statement while deciding title of the project text editors.
• You can use Microsoft World, Notepad etc. for writing problem statement.
IV] RELEVANT COURSE OUTCOMES:-

Co 1:- select suitable process model for software development.

Co 2:- prepare software requirement specification.

V] PRACTICAL OUTCOMES:-

Write a problem statement to define the perfect title the perfect title with bounded scope of
the project.
VI] RELEVANT AFFECTIVE DO MAIN RELATED OUTCOMES:-

1. Follow precaution measured.

2. Demonstrate working as a leader is a team member.
3. Follow ethical practices.

VII] MINIMUM THEROTICAL BACKGROUND:-

A problem statement is clear consist description of the issue that needs to be addressed by
a problem solving team. It is used to center and focus the team at the beginning keep the team on track
during the effects delivered on outcomes that solves the problem statement.
➢ How to write problem statement: - Write down your vision to in order to decided what must,
be done while, solving. The pattern it‟s important to understand the vision. It‟s an initial
starting point for a project. A problem statement expressed the words that will be used to keep
the efforts focused and it should represent a solvable problem. The file can be used to spark the
discussion about the problem.
1) How to write a program statement.
2) How to get it started.
3) Who does the problem affect?
4) What are the boundaries of the problem?
5) When the issue does occurs.
6) Where is the issue programming.
7) Why it is important to fix the program.

VIII] PROBLEM STATEMENTS FOR A PROJECT

1. Describe ideal state of affairs.

2. Explain your problem
3. Explain your problem financial cost
4. Backup your assertions
5. Purpose your solution
6. Explain the benefits of solution
7. Conclude by summarizing the problems and solutions
8. Write down the thesis statements IX] RESOURCES REQUIRED:-

1) Hardware personal computer(i3-i5 preferable)

2) Operating System Windows 7/ windows 8/ windows 10/ linux or any other 3) Software tools:- Any
UML tools

X] LIST OF STUDENTS AND TEAM MEMBERS

1).…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3)……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4)……………………………………………………………………………………………………

XI] CONCLUSION
THUS,WE HAVE TO PERFROMED PRACTICAL SUCCESFULLY
XII] EXERCISE:

1. Describe the characteristics of software.

2. Write note on development framework.

1.ANS

• SOFTWARE IS DEVEOLPED OR ENGINEERED :SOFTWARE NOT

MANUFACTURED IN CLASSICAL SENSE. All through some activities
,similarities exist between software development and hardware manufacture
the 2 activities are fundamentally different
• SOFTWARE DOES NOT WEAR OUT: There is a well known bath-tub curve in
reliability studies of hardware on the other hand software does not wear out
like hardware.
• MOST SOFTWARE IS CUSTOM BUILT,RATHER THAN BEING ASSEMBLED
FROM EXISTING COMPONENTS: most software continues to be custom
built all through recent developments train to be component based a
software component should be designed and implemented such a way that
it can be used in many different programs.

2.ANS

• A software framework is a software model for development of software

applications. These developed software applications may be of any
type like web or stand alone applications.
• A software framework is made up of one or many components. These
components generally include programs and code libraries. API's
interfaces make sure all different components +interact with each other
for development of desired software application.
• Software framework can be considered as a set of object-oriented
software library. This library ensures reusability of developed software.
• A framework decides the working flow of software developed based on these
frameworks.

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XIII] REFERENCES:-

2) http://www.google.com
3) http://softwarebaba.com
4) Software Engineering by press man

Marks obtained Sign of Teacher

Process Product
Total(25)
Related(7.5) Related(17.5)
 PRATICAL -2

Select relevant process model of define activities & related tasks set of assignment project.

PROJECT(Write your project title):

SELECT RELEVANT PROCESS MODEL TO DEFINE ACTIVITES & RELATED TASKS SET OF
ASSIGNMENT PROJECT.

I] PRATICAL SIGNIFICANCE

To select and analyze the relevant model for assigned project and to define activities and related tasks set for
assigned project.

II] RELEVANT PROGRAM OUTCOMES.

Po1 - Basic Knowledge.

Po2 - Discipline Knowledge.

Po3 - Individual & Teamwork.

Po4 - Communication.

Po5 - Lifelong learning.

III] RELEVANT OUTCOME SOURCE.

Select suitable process model for software development.

IV] PRACTICAL OUTCOMES.

Write a program statement to define project. Project title with bounded scope the project.

V] RELEVANT AFFECTIVE DOMAIN RELATED OUTCOMES.

1. Follow precautionally measures.

2. Demonstrate working as a leader or two members.

3. Follow ethical practices.

VI] MINIMUM THEORATICAL BACKGROUND.

PROCESS MODEL:-

A software process model is define simplified process representation of software process each methods
represent a process from a specific perspective.

WATERFALL MODEL:-

The waterfall model is also called as ' the linear-sequential model ' or ' classic life ' cycle model. The software
development starts with requirements gathering phase. Then progress through analysis, design, coding, testing
& maintenance.
 Fig: Water fall Model

ADVANTAGES OF WATERFALL MODEL.

1. It is very simple to understand.

2. For implementation of small systems waterfall model is useful.

DISADVANTAGES OF WATERFALL MODEL.

1. It is not useful for large projects.

2. It is very difficult to modify systems requirement if the middle of the development process.
3. It is not suitable for projects in which requirement software are not clear initially.
We have used waterfall model for the projects because requirements of Projects because requirements of
projects are very well known. Clear and fixed our projects is very small to be implemented. In our project
there is no need of customer involvement in the project. Development cycle product definition of project are
not changed the frequently. In our project there is no need of our participation in all phase. Software the
waterfall model is suitable process model for our project.

VII] CONCLUSION:
THUS,WE HAVE UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS MODEL AND TASKS SET OF ASSIGNMENT.…

VIII] EXERCISE:

1. Explain waterfall model.

2. Explain the basic process frame work activities.
3. Select relevant process model of define activities & related tasks set of
your project.
…1.ANS:
The waterfall model is a classical model used in system development life cycle to create a system with a
linear and sequential approach. It is termed as waterfall because the model developed systematically from
one phase to another in a downward fashion. The sequential phase is described in waterfall model.
• REQUIREMENT GATHERING – all possible requirements are captured in product requirement
documents the requirement.
• SYSTEM DESIGN- based on analysis design the software.
• CODING- development of the software in the small units with functional testing.
• CODING- development of the software in the small units with functional testing.

• MAINTAINCE- is fixing issues and release new version with the issues patches are required.
2.ANS-
A process framework established the foundation for a complete software process by identifying a small
number of framework activities that are capable to all software projects
COMMUNICATION- in this activity heavy communication with customers and other stakeholders
PLANNING- in this activity we discuss the technical related tasks, work, schedule, risk,requirements etc
MODELING- modelling is about building representation of things in the real world
CONSTRUCTION- in software engineering construction is a set of procedures that are needed to assemble
the product.

3.ANS:
A software process model is an abstraction of the software development process the model specified the
stages and order of a process so think of this as a representation of the order of activities of the process and
the sequence in which they are performed.
A model well defined the following.
• The tasks to be performed
• The input and output of each task
• The pre and post conditions for each task
• The flow and sequence of each task.

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IX] REFERENCES:-

1. Textbook of software engineering by pressman.

2. www.thesoftwareexperts.com
 3. www.google.com

Marks obtained Sign of Teacher

Process Product
Total(25)
Related(7.5) Related(17.5)

PRATICAL -3

Gather Application Specific requirements for assimilate into RE model

PROJECT(Write your project title):

…GATHER APPLICATION SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR ASSIMILATE INTO RE MODEL
I] PRATICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Gather Application Specific requirements for assimilate into RE model. The functional requirement is
organized in two section; Requirement of your project and requirement of your personal computer.

II] RELEVANT PROGRAM OUTCOMES:-

Po1 - Basic Knowledge

Po2 – Discipline Knowledge Po3 – Life
Long Knowledge Po4 – Engineering
tool. Po5 – Communication.

III] COMPETENCY AND PRACTICAL SKILLS

This practical is expected to develop the following skills.

• Gather application specific requirement for your project.
• You can use Microsoft World, Notepad etc. for writing problem statement.

IV] RELEVANT COURSE OUTCOMES:-

Co 1:- select suitable process model for software development.

Co 2:- prepare software requirement specification.

V] PRACTICAL OUTCOMES:-

Gathered functional and nonfunctional requirement for given project.

VI] RELEVANT AFFECTIVE DOMAIN RELATED OUTCOMES:-

4. Follow the project title.

5. Collect functional and nonfunctional requirement.

VII] MINIMUM THEROTICAL BACKGROUND:-

1. Functional Requirement: It covers the main function that should be provided by the system. When
expressed as user requirements they are usually described on an abstract way. However, more
specific functional system requirements describe the system functions, its input, processing, how
it’s going to react to a particular input, what the excepted output.

2. Nonfunctional requirement: These are the constrains on the function provided by the system. The
constraint like, how many process the system can handle what are the security issues the system
needs to take care of such as SQL injections. The hate of failure what are the languages and tools
will be used, what are the rules you need to follow the ensure the system.

VIII] RESOURCES REQUIRED:-

1. Hardware personal computer(i3-i5 preferable)

2. Operating System Windows 7/ windows 8/ windows 10/ linux or any other

IX] CONCLUSION:
…THUS,WE HAVE TO PERFROMED PRACTICAL SUCCESSFULLY.

X] EXERCISE:

1. Gather and write application specific requirement for your any micro project.

ANS -1. Requirements Elicitation: getting business requirements from relevant stakeholders to understand
user need.

2.Requirements documentation: Codifying that information in the form of user stories and features
specifications so they are accessible to the project team.

3.Requirement Understanding: making sure everyone’s on the same page about what the heck you are all
trying.
4. Establish project goals and objectives early.

5. Document every requirements elicitation.

6. Be transparent with requirement documentation.

7. Talk to the right stack holders and users.

2. What is requirement elicitation write in detail?

ANS : Perhaps the most difficult most ever prone and most communication intensive software
development it can be successful only through an effective customer developer partnership requirement
elicitation methods

• Interviews
• Brainstorming sessions
• Facilitated application specification technique
• Quality function development
• Use case approach.

Requirements elicitation Activities

• Knowledge of the overall area where the system is applied

• The details of the precise customer problem where the system are going to be applied the system.
• Interaction of the system with external requirements
• Detailed investigation of user needs
• Define the constants for system development.

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XI] REFERENCES:-

5) http://www.google.com
6) http://softwarebaba.com
7) Software Engineering by press man

Marks obtained Sign of Teacher

Process Product
Total(25)
Related(7.5) Related(17.5)

PRATICAL -4

Prepare broad SRS (Software requirement Software) for the above selected projects

PROJECT(Write your project title):

…PREPARE BROAD SRS(SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SOFTWARE) FOR THE ABOVE SELECTED
PROJECTS.

I] PRATICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Prepare broad SRS (Software requirement Software) for the above selected projects

II] RELEVANT PROGRAM OUTCOMES:-

Po1 - Basic Knowledge

Po2 – Discipline Knowledge Po3 – Life
Long Knowledge Po4 – Engineering
tool. Po5 – Communication.

III] PRACTICAL OUTCOME

Prepared broad software requirement specification for the above defined project.

IV] RELEVANT AFFECTIVE DOMAIN RELATED OUTCOMES:-

1. Follow the project title.

2. Demonstrate working at a leader/team member.

V] MINIMUM THEROTICAL BACKGROUND (Related with your project):-

• PURPOSE:
The main purpose of this microproject is to maintain easy circulation system using computers and to
be provide different reports.

• SCOPE OF PROJECT:
The document only over the requirements specification for the library management system.

• THE OVERALL DESCRIPTION:

The proposed library management system will take care of the current book detail at any point of
time the main purpose of this project is to reduce the manual work. Any update regarding the book
from the library is to be recorded tune up date and correct value.

• SECURITY REQUIREMENT:
The user should be simple and easy to understand and use also be an interactive interface
software provides good graphical interfaces for the user and administrator can operate
on the system.

• RELIABILITY:
The system shall be recovered within 10 minutes if it is down the system must be able to extend to
store and deliver new content media types.

• EXTENSIBILITY:
System must be able to extend to support synchronization of content media based on share work item
structure system must be able to extend support data sharing between records.
VI] RESOURCES REQUIRED:-

1. Hardware personal computer(i3-i5 preferable)

2. Operating System Windows 7/ windows 8/ windows 10/ linux or any other

VII] CONCLUSION:
THUS,WE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND SRS AND PERFORMED PRACTICAL SUCCESSFULLY.

VIII] REFERENCES:-

a. http://www.google.com
b. http://softwarebaba.com
c. Software Engineering by press man

Marks
Sign of Teacher
obtained

Process Product
Total(25)
Related(7.5) Related(17.5)
 PRATICAL -5

Prepare USE Cases and Draw Use Case Diagram using modelling Tool

PROJECT(Write your project title):

PREPARE USE CASES AND DRAW USE CASE DIAGRAM USING MODELLING
TOOL………………………………………………………………………………………

I] PRATICAL SIGNIFICANCE

A use case diagram software and system engineering term that describe how a user uses a system to accomplish
particular goal. A use case act as a software modeling technique that defines the features to be implemented
and the resolution of any errors that may be encountered.

II] RELEVANT PROGRAM OUTCOMES:-

Po1 - Basic Knowledge

Po2 – Discipline Knowledge Po3 – Life
Long Knowledge Po4 – Engineering
tool. Po5 – Communication.

III] PRACTICAL OUTCOME

To prepare use case and draw use case diagram using software modelling tool.

IV] RELEVANT AFFECTIVE DOMAIN RELATED OUTCOMES:-

1. Follow the project title.

2. Follow properly method.
3. Demonstrate working at a leader/team member.
4. Use current tool for practical.

V] MINIMUM THEROTICAL BACKGROUND (Related with your project):-

• Use case diagram:

A use case diagram is a representation of a user possible interaction with the system the use case
diagram shows various use cases and different type of users.

• Actor:
The user that interact with the system and system an actor can be a person an organization
or an outside system that interact with your application

• Use case:
The use case describe what the system does and how the actor use it but not how the system operates
internally
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• Relationship:
 A relationship is a connection between model elements. A relationship is a type of model elements
that adds semantics to a model by defining the structure and behaviour between the model elements.
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VI] RESOURCES REQUIRED:-

1. Hardware personal computer(i3-i5 preferable)

2. Operating System Windows 7/ windows 8/ windows 10/ linux or any
other

VII] CONCLUSION:
…THUS WE HAVE UNDERSTOOD USE CASE AND DRAW USE CASE DAIGEAM
SUCESSFULLY.………………………………………………………………………………

VIII] REFERENCES:-

d. http://www.google.com
e. http://softwarebaba.com
f. Software Engineering by press man

IX] PRACTICAL RELATED QUESTION:

1. Describe relationship between use cases.

ANS: in UML modelling and include relationship is a relationship in which one use case includes the
functionality of another use case the include relationship supports the reuse of functionality in a use case
model.

2.Explain categories of actors.

ANS:…1.PRIMARY ACTOR- people who use the main system functions are referred as
primary.
2.SECONDARY ACTOR- people who perform administrative or maintenance tasks are referred
as secondary
3.EXTERNAL ACTOR- the hardware devices which are required as part of application domain
and must be used are referred an external.
4.OTHER SYSTEM ACTOR- the other system with the system must interact referred as other
system actor.

Marks obtained Sign of Teacher

 Process Product
Total(25)
Related(7.5) Related(17.5)

PRATICAL -6

Develop the activity diagram to represent flow from one activity to another for software development

PROJECT(Write your project title):

…DEVELOP THE ACTIVITY DIAGRAM TO REPRESENT FLOW FROM ONE ACTIVITY TO
ANOTHER DEVELOPMENT.

I] PRATICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Develop the activity diagram to represent flow from one activity to another for software development

II] RELEVANT PROGRAM OUTCOMES:-

Po1 - Basic Knowledge

Po2 – Discipline Knowledge Po3 – Life
Long Knowledge Po4 – Engineering
tool. Po5 – Communication.

III] PRACTICAL OUTCOME

To prepare activity diagram for represent flow.

IV] RELEVANT AFFECTIVE DOMAIN RELATED OUTCOMES:-

• Follow the project title.

• Follow properly method.
• Demonstrate working at a leader/team member. Use current tool for practical.

V] MINIMUM THEROTICAL BACKGROUND (Related with your project):-

……SYMBOLS USED IN ACTIVITY DIGRAM

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…1.………………… circle represents start. It is used to start
………………………… activity.…………………………
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…2……………………… rectangle represent activity it is used for
……………………………processing.………………………………………………
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…3…………………………diamond…shape…represent…decision.…………………………………………
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…4…………………………arrow represents as a connector
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…5………………………………………………………………………………………………………double
circle represents end of the activity ………………………………………………………………………
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VI] RESOURCES REQUIRED:-

• Hardware personal computer(i3-i5 preferable)

• Operating System Windows 7/ windows 8/ windows 10/ linux or any
other

VII] CONCLUSION:
…THUS WE HAVE UNDERSTOOD ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR WEB BASED SOCIAL NETWORK

VIII] REFERENCES:-

• http://www.google.com
• http://softwarebaba.com
• Software Engineering by press man

IX] PRACTICAL RELATED QUESTION:

1. Draw activity diagram for above defined project

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ENTER USER
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SIGN UP
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MAIL
VERIFICATION
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SUCESSFUL
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CREATION
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USER ID/PASSWORD
LOGIN
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SEARCH MESSAGE
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REQUEST SEND
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YES/NO
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Marks obtained Sign of Teacher

Process Product
Total(25)
Related(7.5) Related(17.5)
L
 PRATICAL -7

Develop data Designs using DFD, Decision Table & ER diagram

PROJECT(Write your project title):

…DEVELOP DATA DESIGNS USING DFD, DECISION TABLE & ER
DIAGRAM.…………………………………………………………………………………………

I] PRATICAL SIGNIFICANCE

There are several notation as well as languages exists for the purpose of representation software
design. Some of them help to describe a structural organization, some are used to represent
behaviour yeah of system.

• DFD (Data Flow Diagram).

• ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram) Decision Table.

II] RELEVANT PROGRAM OUTCOMES:-

Po1 - Basic Knowledge

Po2 – Discipline
Knowledge Po3 – Life Long
Knowledge Po4 –
Engineering tool. Po5 –
Communication.

III] PRACTICAL OUTCOME

We develop data Designs using DFD Decision Table & ER diagram IV]

RELEVANT AFFECTIVE DOMAIN RELATED OUTCOMES:-

• Follow the project title.

• Follow properly method.
• Demonstrate working at a leader/team member. Use current tool for practical.

V] MINIMUM THEROTICAL BACKGROUND (Related with your project):- Level

0 DFD: …

It is also known as context diagram. It’s designed to be an abstraction view showing

the system as single process with its relationship to external entities .represent the

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entire system as say single bubble with input and output data indicated by incoming

outgoing arrows.

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Level 1 DFD:
In first level DFD the context diagram is decomposed into multiple bubbles processes in this level
we highlight the main function of the system and breakdown the high level process of zero level
DFD subprocess.
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Level 2 DFD

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In 2 level DFD goes one step deeper into part of one level DFD. It can be used to plan or record
the specific necessary detail about the system functioning

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ER Diagram:
Er diagram stand from entity relationship diagram also known as ERD diagram that displays the
relation of entity set store in a database. In other word er diagram help to explain the logical
structure of database er diagrams are created based on 3 basic concept entities ,attributes and
relationship. Er diagrams contain different symbols that use rectangle to represent entities ovals
to define attributes and diamond shape to represent relationship.
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Decision Table :
A decision table is a schedule rule logic entry in table format that consist of condition
represented in the row and column headings and actions represent as the intersection points of
the conditional cases in the table decision tables are best suited for business rules that have
multiple conditions.
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