Scribd
Upload
95 views14 pages

CHAPTER 3a - HYDRODYNAMICS

The document discusses key principles of fluid mechanics engineering in pipe flow, including: 1) Ideal and real fluids, compressible and incompressible flow, uniform, steady, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional flow. 2) Closed and open systems in fluid mechanics. 3) Methods used to visualize fluid flow patterns both experimentally and computationally.

Uploaded by

addibzkr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
95 views14 pages

CHAPTER 3a - HYDRODYNAMICS

The document discusses key principles of fluid mechanics engineering in pipe flow, including: 1) Ideal and real fluids, compressible and incompressible flow, uniform, steady, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional flow. 2) Closed and open systems in fluid mechanics. 3) Methods used to visualize fluid flow patterns both experimentally and computationally.

Uploaded by

addibzkr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

CLO2:

Determine the principles of fluid mechanics engineering in pipe flow


appropriately. (C4, PLO2)

PLO 2 :
Identify and analyze well-defined engineering problems PREPARED:
AZMI BIN MOHAMMAD
reaching substantiated conclusions using codified methods of JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
POLITEKNIK SULTAN AZLAN SHAH
analysis specific to their field of activity (DK1 to DK4).
 Fluids viualization is the arts of making flow pattern visible.
 Most fluids ( air,water,ect.) are transparent, thus their flow pattern
are invisible to the naked eye without methods to make them this
visible.
 Historically, such methods included experimental methods.
 With he development ofcomputer model and CFD simulating flow
process (e.g. the distribution of aif-conditioned air in a new car),
purely computational methods have been development.

A model Cessna with helium-


filled bubbles
showing pathlines of
the wingtip vortices.
 Ideal fluid – A fluid which is incompressible and is having
no velocity, is know as an ideal fluid ideal fluid is only an
imaginary fluid as all fluids, which exist,have some
velocity.
 Real fluid-A fluid, which possesses velocity,is know as real
fluid. All the fluids, in actual practice, are real fluids. It
have with no friction.
COMPERSIBLE

 The flow in which the density (p) of the fluid changes from point to point.
 Flow of gases through orifices, nozzles, gas, and turbines
INCOMPRESIBLE
 Its type of flow in which density is constant for the fluid flow.
 Liquids are generally considered flowing incompressibly, for example
subsonic aerodynamics.
UNIFORM FLOW
 Flow of a fluid in which each particle moves along its line
of flow with constant speed and in which the cross section
of each stream tube remains unchanged.
 There will be no spatial distribution of hydrodynamic and
other parameters.
 Steadiness of flow and uniformly of flow does not
necessarily go together.
STEADY FLOW
 A flow in which the velocity of the fluid at a particular
fixed point does not change with time called also
stationary flow.
 Steady flow is present only in laminar flow.
 In turbulent flow, there are continual fluctuations in
velocity.
ONE DIMENSIONAL FLOW
 This is the type of flow in which the flow parameter such as velocity is a
function of time and one space coordinate only.
Example; flow in a pipe where average flow parameters are
considered for analysis.
TWO DIMENSIONAL FLOW
 The flow in which the velocity is a function of time and two
rectangular space coordinates x and y is called two dimensional
flow.
Example; flow between parallel plates of infinite extent.
THREE DIMENSIONAL FLOW
 Is that type of flow in which the velocity is a funtion of time and three
mutually perpendicular direction. (coordinate x,y,z)
Example; flow in a converging or diverging pipe or channel.
CLOSED SYSTEM

 Physical system that does not allow certain types of


transfer in or out of the system.

 The specification of what types of transfers are excluded


varies in the closed systems of physics , chemistry or
engineering.

 Closed system are often used to limit the factors that can
affect the results of specific problem.
OPENED SYSTEM
 System that has external interactions.
 Its also known as a constant volume system or a flow system.
 Concept of this system was formalized within a framework
that enabled one to interrelate the theory of the organism
thermodynamics and evolution theory.
 This concept was expanded upon with the advent of
information theory and subsequently system theory.

You might also like