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Lab 3 - 202220 Practical

The document describes Lab 3 on full wave rectification using a bridge rectifier. The objective is to investigate the operation of a bridge rectifier circuit in converting AC to DC. Step 1 measures the transformer output voltage. Step 2 calculates the transformer's turns ratio. Step 3 measures voltages in the full wave rectifier circuit. Step 4 adds a filter and measures voltages with ripple reduction. The discussion explains how a capacitor filter smooths the output by reducing ripple voltage.

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115 views

Lab 3 - 202220 Practical

The document describes Lab 3 on full wave rectification using a bridge rectifier. The objective is to investigate the operation of a bridge rectifier circuit in converting AC to DC. Step 1 measures the transformer output voltage. Step 2 calculates the transformer's turns ratio. Step 3 measures voltages in the full wave rectifier circuit. Step 4 adds a filter and measures voltages with ripple reduction. The discussion explains how a capacitor filter smooths the output by reducing ripple voltage.

Uploaded by

vishvajeettiwari96
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELE 2403 Electronics I

ELE 2403
Electronics I

Lab 3 (Practical)
Full Wave Rectification- Bridge Type

Student Name

Student ID Number
Faculty Name

Lab Instructor

Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges


ELE 2403 Electronics I

Objective:

To investigate the operation of Full-Wave Rectifier (Bridge Type).

Introduction:
The Full-Wave Rectifier Bridge Type experiment aims to delve into the functionality and performance
of a bridge rectifier circuit in converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Utilizing
components like the Bridge Rectifier 2W10/KBPC601, a transformer, resistors, and capacitors, the
experiment explores the process of rectification and the impact of filtering on the output waveform.

The fundamental principle behind a full-wave rectifier is to rectify both the positive and negative
halves of the input AC signal, ensuring continuous DC output. By employing a bridge rectifier
configuration, which consists of four diodes arranged in a bridge topology, the circuit effectively
converts the entire AC input cycle into DC, enhancing efficiency and effectiveness.

Material needed

 Bridge Rectifier 2W10/KBPC601


 Transformer
 Resistor 3.3 MΩ, 100KΩ, 0.1µF
 AC_Voltage
 2 Channel Oscilloscope
Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges
ELE 2403 Electronics I

Procedure:

Step 1:

Measure the output of the transformer for an input voltage of 1 Vpp, 1 KHz:

Transformer output voltage =477mV

Step 2:

Calculation of the turn’s ratio:

 Primary voltage (input): 1 Vpp (peak-to-peak)


 Secondary voltage (output): 477 mV RMS (root mean square)

First, let's converted the secondary voltage from RMS to peak-to-peak (pp) since the primary voltage is given
in pp:
1. Convert secondary voltage from RMS to peak:

RMS voltage = 477 mV


Peak voltage = RMS voltage * √2 (since Vpp = 2 * Vrms for a sinusoidal waveform)
= 477 mV * √2
≈ 477 mV * 1.414
≈ 674.088 mV
Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges
ELE 2403 Electronics I

Now, we have both primary and secondary voltages in peak-to-peak (pp) units.

Turns ratio:
Turns ratio (N) = Primary voltage (Vpp) / Secondary voltage (Vpp)
Given:
 Primary voltage (Vpp): 1 Vpp
 Secondary voltage (Vpp): 674.088 mV (converted from RMS)

Turns ratio:
N = 1 Vpp / 674.088 mV
≈ 1 / 0.674088
≈ 1.484
So, the turns ratio is approximately 1.484:1.

Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges


ELE 2403 Electronics I

Step 3:

 Connect the Full-Wave rectifier circuit shown below


 Use the pin-out diagram below to connect the Bridge Rectifier
 Record your measurements in the table
 Sketch and measure the input voltage and the output voltage.

Circuit:

Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges


ELE 2403 Electronics I

Table 1:

Circuit
Vp secondary Vp rectified
Calculated Measured Calculated Measured

Full-wave Rectifier N/A 0.354V N/A 0.229V

Sketch to scale below the waveform:

Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges


ELE 2403 Electronics I

Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges


ELE 2403 Electronics I

Step 4:

 Add a Filter as shown below


 Record Vrp-p and Vout(max) and Vout(min) in Table 2
 Sketch the input and output waveforms

Table 2:

Circuit
Vrp-p Vout(max) Vout(min)
Calculated Measured Calculated Measured Calculated Measured

Full-wave Rectifier N/A 0.501V N/A 0.409V N/A -0.870.V


with filter

Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges


ELE 2403 Electronics I

Sketch to scale below the waveform:

Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges


ELE 2403 Electronics I

Discussion:
The effect of a capacitor in a full-wave rectifier circuit is primarily seen in smoothing out the output
voltage, reducing ripple, and improving the efficiency of the rectification process.

With Capacitor (Filtered Output):

The capacitor charges during the peaks of the AC input waveform and discharges during the troughs.
This charging and discharging action helps to fill in the gaps between the peaks, effectively reducing
the ripple voltage.
As a result, the output voltage becomes more constant and closer to the peak value of the AC input
waveform.
The capacitor also helps to maintain a more stable output voltage during sudden changes in load.

Without Capacitor (Only Resistance):

In a full-wave rectifier circuit without a capacitor, the output voltage would have significant ripple.
The rectified output waveform would closely resemble the shape of the input AC waveform, with
positive and negative peaks but with gaps between them.
The absence of a capacitor means that there is no storage element to smooth out the output voltage.
As a result, the average output voltage would be lower compared to the peak voltage of the AC input
waveform.
Additionally, without a capacitor, the output voltage would be more susceptible to fluctuations in the
load, leading to greater variations in the output voltage.

In summary, the addition of a capacitor in a full-wave rectifier circuit significantly reduces ripple and
produces a smoother and more stable DC output voltage compared to a circuit without a capacitor.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the Full-Wave Rectifier Bridge Type experiment provides valuable insights into the
operation and optimization of rectifier circuits. Through practical measurements and calculations, we
observed the transformation of AC input into DC output, both with and without the integration of a
capacitor for filtering.
The experiment demonstrated that while the rectifier circuit efficiently converts AC to DC, the
addition of a capacitor significantly improves the stability and smoothness of the output voltage. By
reducing ripple and enhancing voltage regulation, the filtered output ensures a more consistent and
reliable DC supply, suitable for various electronic applications.

Prepared by Shaily for Sharjah Colleges

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