Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND IT'S BACKGROUND

Introduction
Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) are primarily used to Monitor and record images of
what takes place in specific location in real time (Duncan & Piza et al.,2018) . CCTV camera
surveillance camera systems has been increasingly used around the world during the last three
decades. In some countries and areas, these systems are pervasive and dense. They serve multiple
purposes, such as prevention against thefts in stores, monitoring of traffic or sport events, but
crime prevention is particularly prevalent and often justifies CCTV system deployment
(Matczaket al., 2019) .

That is why CCTV camera serves many functions and is widely used in both public and
private places. CCTV cameras are video cameras used for the purpose of security and observing
a certain area (FitwiEt al., 2021) .According to (Corechea et al., 2017) nowadays there is a
widespread use of CCTV camera systems in public places, in business, establishments, streets,
school, and even along the routes of public highways. The study of Skogan (2019) argued that
the Proliferation of CCTV should be contextualized in terms of innovations that will shape the
future of video Surveillance.

Nowadays, CCTV is widely used all over the world. Finding out how many schools now
have CCTV systems is challenge that is similar to others. Even more difficult is to learn specifics
about the system, such as the number of cameras, their technological level of sophistication, the
reasons for adoption and information on how the system is being run.

CCTV is increasingly being used by municipal governments, in particular to prevent

incidents in schools. It is true that its appeal and use extend beyond merely deterring crime.
CCTV has been used for a variety of purposes, such as access control, as a way to lessen peoples
fear of crime and increase their views of community safety, as a way to possibly identify crime,
as an evidentiary tool.

However, like everything else, School CCTV Cameras System are not just on a positive
note. They have their drawbacks too, and here are few of them: This means large CCTV Cameras
cost because school facilities are often large in size, and it would need a significant number of
cameras to cover the entire location. It infringes on the privacy of not only kids but also faculty
and employees of the school, specially when the recording maybe shared without the consent of
anyone involved.

Having any CCTV Cameras Types put through the school grounds will foster a sense of
mutual suspicion between students and the administration, which should be avoided. Thesis why
the presence of Network IP CCTV Cameras on school campuses has both advantages and
disadvantages, which is why it has caused so many problems in recent years. However, it is still
up to the school administration to recognize the numerous benefits of having CCTV Cameras
Network deployed throughout the campus are adequate to ignore the downsides. It is up to them
to weight the benefits of installing security system against the drawbacks.

CCTV cameras should be placed in designated viewing places such as entrances,

corridors, stairwells, or even, classroom situations to provide the best possible view of What the
camera’s primary emphasis should be. Schools may have several entrances and exits may be
spread across multiple buildings. It can quickly become difficult to keep Track of where potential
security threats might arise at any one time. It should be noted that all video surveillance will
remain in a fixed position, offering a focused view of what Is most relevant. It can be
repositioned, causing the camera to gaze in the wrong direction at the wrong time. Video
surveillance cameras should only be utilized as a last resort on School campuses.

School CCTVs have become one of the most common measures for addressing school
crime and violence. Closed-circuit television, sometimes known as video surveillance, is the
practice of using cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place and show it on a limited number
of monitors. CCTVs were one of the first surveillance technologies introduced in schools. There
are many cases, CCTVs installed for security purposes are used for monitoring and investigating
students’ minor or major disciplinary violations.

CCTV systems can keep an eye on what happens where they are installed. By keeping a
watch on faculty members and student’s activity there, they may feel entirely at peace knowing
exactly what is going on inside your building. CCTV can be used to monitor student safety, such
as in an emergency situation if someone is ill, and you can also keep an eye on student safety in
the classroom, such as In universities where CCTV can keep an eye for vandals.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine how will the installation of cctv help the students?
Specifically, the study will seek to answer the following questions:

1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the CCTV cameras?

2. How do CCTVs contribute to enhancing campus security and ensuring the

safety of students?

3. What role do CCTVs play in deterring unauthorized individuals from

accessing school facilities or restricted areas?

4. How can CCTVs assist school administrators in investigating incidents such

as vandalism, theft, or other misconduct?

Scope and Delimitation

This study will focus on the personal opinions or perspectives of each participants regarding
installing of CCTV cameras inside their classrooms.

The participants will be from Grade -10 Acapulco students which is composed of a total
of 10 students who are studying in Cristobal S. Conducto Memorial Integrated National
Highschool during the school year 2023-2024.

Significance of the Study

The installation of CCTV Cameras in schools is a subject of great importance, and the
significance of the study on this topic cannot be overstated. The following are some of the
reasons why this study is significant:
For The Parents: Parents can use CCTV footage to ensure that school policies regarding safety,
security, and student conduct are being enforced effectively, fostering a sense of accountability
and transparency within the school community.

For The Teachers: Teachers will benefit from a range of resources and tools to enhance their
teaching methods, including online platforms for lesson planning and collaboration, interactive
multimedia resources for engaging students, and access to professional development
opportunities. Furthermore, advancements in educational research and pedagogy will enable
teachers to implement evidence-based practices to improve student learning outcomes.

For The Students: CCTV cameras can be used to monitor student behavior in common areas,
such as hallways and cafeterias, helping to enforce school rules and discipline and it can be used
for educational purposes, such as analyzing crowd behavior, studying traffic flow in hallways, or
conducting safety drills.

For Future Researchers: It will benefit from advancements in technology, access to vast
amounts of data, interdisciplinary collaboration opportunities, and improved methodologies.
Additionally, open-access publishing and transparent research practices will promote
reproducibility and accelerate scientific progress.

In conclusion, the installation of CCTV cameras in schools has far-reaching benefits that cannot
be ignored. Studying this area will provide insights that may help to develop better policies,
procedures, and guidelines for the use of CCTV cameras in school.

Definition of Terms
The following terms were defined to enable the reader to have a better
understanding of the research.
1. Bullying - the repeated, intentional use of power to harm, intimidate, or coerce others, often
involving verbal, physical, or psychological abuse.
2. CCTV - (closed-circuit television) is a TV system in which signals are not publicly
distributed but are monitored, primarily for surveillance and security purposes.
3. Detect - to discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of.
4. Enhance - to increase or improve in value, quality, desirability, or attractiveness. enhanced
the room with crown molding.
5. Incedents - refer to events or happenings, often unforeseen or unintentional, that can
encompass accidents, emergencies, mishaps, or other noteworthy occurrences.
6. Installation - the action or process of installing someone or something, or of being installed.
7. Misconduct - behavior that violates rules, regulations, or standards of conduct, often
involving unethical or unlawful actions.
8. Prevention - the action of stopping something from happening or arising.
9. Restricted - areas or zones where access or activities are limited or controlled, often requiring
authorization for entry or engagement.
10. Vandalism - is the intentional damage or defacement of another person's property, often
resulting in costly cleanups, impacting both the community and property owners, and a
multifaceted criminal

Reference

Birnhack, M., Lotem Perry-Hazan, Shiran German Ben-Hayun. (2018) CCTV surveillance in
primary schools: normalisation, resistance, and children’s privacy consciousness. Oxford Review
of Education 44(2), 204-220
Hope, Andrew. (2019) CCTV, school surveillance and social control. 891-907
Lotem Perry-Hazan, Birnhack, M. (2019) Caught on camera: Teachers’ surveillance in schools.
Teaching and teacher education 78, 193-204

Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents a review of local and foreign literature studies that have
bearing on a present investigation. This said literature and studies served as reservoir of
CCTV Installation; Students’ Privacy and its School’s Policy/Transparency which have
guided the researchers in interpreting the findings of the study.

Related Studies