Title: Mastering the Art of Literature Review and Systematic Review

Welcome to our comprehensive guide on crafting Literature Reviews and Systematic Reviews.
Whether you're a seasoned researcher or a novice delving into the realm of academic writing, you'll
soon discover that crafting a high-quality literature review can be a challenging task. It demands
meticulous attention to detail, extensive research, and critical analysis to provide a coherent synthesis
of existing literature on a particular topic. Here, we delve into the intricacies of literature reviews and
systematic reviews, offering insights and tips to help you navigate this demanding process.

Understanding Literature Reviews:

A literature review serves as a critical analysis and synthesis of existing research on a specific topic. It
involves reviewing scholarly articles, books, and other sources relevant to the research question at
hand. The primary goal is to identify gaps in the current knowledge base, establish the significance
of the proposed research, and provide a theoretical framework for the study. Crafting a literature
review requires:

1. Thorough Research: Conducting comprehensive searches across various databases to gather

relevant literature.
2. Critical Analysis: Evaluating the credibility, relevance, and methodology of each source.
3. Synthesis: Organizing and synthesizing the findings to present a coherent narrative that
highlights key themes, debates, and gaps in the literature.

Challenges of Writing Literature Reviews:

Despite its significance, writing a literature review can be daunting due to various challenges:

1. Information Overload: With an abundance of literature available, sifting through vast

amounts of information can be overwhelming.
2. Synthesis Difficulty: Integrating diverse sources and perspectives into a cohesive narrative
requires critical thinking and analytical skills.
3. Time-Consuming: Conducting thorough research and analyzing numerous sources demands
a significant time investment.

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A logging system is needed to make sure all relevant studies. It’s often a good idea to start with a
test search where you use the subject headings and synonyms you’re already familiar with.
Unleashing the Power of AI Tools for Enhancing Research, International FDP on. This page provides
links to resources for guidance and standards for systematic reviews. As with most journal articles,
Cochrane reviews begin with an Abstract and a Plain language summary, which can be helpful for
newcomers to a the topic. For example, groups of scholars disagree about the best way to measure a
physiological event, and as a result, use different instruments and methodologies. Interpret and
present the results. 1. Decide on your team When carrying out a systematic literature review, you
should employ multiple reviewers in order to minimize bias and strengthen analysis. When to Use
Literature Reviews Here is where you would commonly find literature reviews: Academic research
Book reviews Reviews of articles Recommended for You: Primary vs. In the thesaurus you may also
find referrals to related terms. One tip is to use both broader, narrower and related terms, in order to
ensure that you’re getting all the relevant subject headings into your search. The name lagged behind,
appearing first in 1996, apparently referring to the tree-line optics typical of most forest plots.
Authors create criteria for deciding on which evidence is included or excluded before starting the
systematic review. Also decide if you have enough time and resources to conduct a systematic
review. Conclusion: Our paper contributes to the software development body of knowledge by (1)
providing a. A systematic review, on the other hand, is more than just a summary. Reviews as such
have a comprehensive but not exhaustive approach. Below we’ve prepared a step-by-step guide on
how to write a systematic literature review. Methodological Expectations for Cochrane Intervention
Reviews MECIR Manual. A safer way is to delimit your search to the dates when articles were last
added to the database, or use EndNote to deduplicate your new references. Relevant research that
can be brought to the table for this review is then found, assessed, and selected in this way. For
instance, would a survey of patients or healthcare professionals help you to refine the review
parameters. All point estimates fall to the left of the line of no effect ( 1 would mean the risk was
higher among the intervention group, thus favoring the control group (with no treatment). They are
self-contained pieces of writing that can function as a stepping stone to a larger piece of writing or
can enhance writers’ understandings of a topic. On this page, we will review a few things worth
thinking about when you intend to conduct and report a systematic literature search. Make an
assessment checklist that closely aligns with your research protocol, including a consistent scoring
system, calculations of the quality of each study, and sensitivity analysis. When you include the
subject heading in your search you will find articles about a subject even if the authors of the article
have chosen other, adjacent words to describe the article themselves. This is something that needs to
be paid careful attention to. What is the difference between a literature review and a systematic
review. When used properly, they can add a lot of value to your research. Heterogeneity means
diversity (and is the opposite of homogeneity). Use a checklist to determine whether studies meet
how to write a systematic review article criteria of the protocol.
Third, identify patterns in approaches to your topic. There is also no set way or method that you need
to follow for the review. It attempts to collect all existing evidence on a specific topic in order to
answer a specific research question. UCD and ASD, has been around for some time, many
integration. The structure will help you to clearly express your ideas and demonstrate how your
sources are connected. Not every study is designed or implemented equally, however, so review
authors must also evaluate the potential for bias in each study to help the reader make sense of the
findings. The unfiltered search results should be saved and retained for possible reanalysis. The
process of performing a systematic literature review must be transparent and. The steps necessary to
perform a systematic review are fully explained, including the study purpose, search methodology,
data extraction, reporting of results, identification of bias, and reporting. Subject headings, however,
will need to be adjusted to each database’s controlled vocabulary list. For example, Radeva-Petrova
et al. ( 2014 ) include the following passage in their plain language summary. Comparison(s) or
Control: is there an alternative intervention or treatment you’re considering. In the picture below you
can see how the different search strategies compare to one another. In simple terms, a literature is a
review of the literature in the related subject area. Heterogeneity in a forest plot refers to the
diversity in effect size estimates across studies. Preregistration gives other researchers confidence
that the team is not selectively choosing advantageous results at the end to make an interesting
paper. This PDF contains a red highlighter mark that describes the key points. There are many
different kinds of reviews, and the kind that will suit you best will depend on a variety of factors, for
instance, how much time you have, as well as what kind of research question you’re working with.
Writing A Systematic Literature Review, time: 1:48:35 How to write a systematic review a
systematic review is defined by the lowest quality of the included studies. We strive to reflect our
community by embracing the diversity of people and ideas. Intervention: which main intervention or
treatment are you considering for assessment. You also want to search outside the normal academic
publishing model. Suggestion. A shift from an up-front design to up-front analysis. However, in
order to not overlook potentially relevant aspects of major incident reporting, the literature aimed to
report from exercises and literature using a systematic method for reporting in general was included.
For this reason, most systematic reviews are conducted by teams, given the large scope of the data
initially collected for most research topics. Cornell University Library has created a decision tree that
can help you determine what kind of review might best suit your goals and constraints. Select fields
for each comparison below and click on Find Duplicates under References and remove all duplicates.
Visit our guide to the best research databases for medicine and health to find resources for your
systematic review. Because of differences in how we extract data from sources and what information
is relevant, the analysis within and structure of our literature reviews will vary. In the second stage,
publications were excluded based on their.
Performing systematic literature reviews with novices: An iterative approach. Changes in approach
over time can be seen after publication information has been compared, so be sure to place the
authors within their own historical context too. The goal of a systematic review is to be
comprehensive and to include every relevant article. Methodology systematic reviews can be carried
out to analyze any methodological issues in the design, conduct, or review of research studies. When
analyzing the result set, it became apparent that, while. The authors solicit feedback from
collaborators, colleagues, and peer reviewers. It is practiced in almost all fields including arts,
computer science, science, history, and social science etc. Basically, if a study is repeated 100 times,
the effect size is expected to be within this interval 95% of the time. The main purpose of this type
of research is to identify, review, and summarize the best available research on a specific research
question. It is, for example, possible that the pooled effect estimate is mainly determined by one
large study. Many of the reviews in these databases can be accessed by searching within PubMed
using the Clinical Queries feature. Heterogeneity means diversity (and is the opposite of
homogeneity). Not every study is designed or implemented equally, however, so review authors
must also evaluate the potential for bias in each study to help the reader make sense of the findings.
Consider limitations including biasesstrength of evidence, applicability, economic effects, and
implications for future practice how to write a systematic review article research. Draw this out into
a forest plot, which provides a simple visual representation of variation between the studies. These
terms are often not clearly allocated in the literature. So, all university and college students can use
our sample literature reviews for reference. SLRs are a research method used to write an entire
journal article. If that’s your result, then you’ve retrieved all your key articles. It becomes quite
difficult to get your message through without the help of the right review format. In the literature
review, you get an overview or an idea about a particular topic that an author has decided to write
about. It contains a brief note on literature review including definition, elements, strategies, and its
types. We do not tolerate disruptive behavior, harassment, and hateful acts. McGill Library also has
a helpful guide to Rayyan. That way one’s opinion is not influenced by the other. The authors
suggest tables to consolidate evidence, but also remind us that the use of quantitative evidence to
evaluate qualitative data is not necessarily useful. Experiential (qualitative) reviews analyze human
experiences in a cultural or social context. Google does not filter the evidence in this manner. The
database search can also be supplemented with other search strategies, for instance handsearching in
selected journals, reviewing reference lists or undertaking a citation analysis. This might include
handsearching selected journals, or doing a citation analysis.
Heterogeneity means diversity (and is the opposite of homogeneity). In simple terms, a literature is a
review of the literature in the related subject area. Watson, 2002), they are less common in software
engineer-. PRISMA has been designed primarily to improve the reporting of systematic literature
reviews and meta-analyses. 4. Search for the literature When writing a systematic literature review,
your goal is to find all of the relevant studies relating to your question, so you need to search
thoroughly. Joanna Briggs Institute JBI Reviewer's Manual for Scoping Reviews. It can take
between 6 months and 2 years to conduct a systematic review. Armed with a BA degree in English
and a knack for digital marketing, she explores her passions for literature, history, culture, and food
through her engaging and informative writing. Rather than examining the topic itself, historiography
is the study of how historical topics have been examined over time by other historians. Results The
method section describes the individual steps for the extraction of the relevant points which must be
considered in the systematic summary of scientific articles. The steps necessary to perform a
systematic review are fully explained, including the study purpose, search methodology, data
extraction, reporting of results, identification of bias, and reporting. There is also no set way or
method that you need to follow for the review. That way one’s opinion is not influenced by the
other. Remember, working on a systematic reviews is a team sport. Time Needed to Complete
Review Usually takes months or even years to reach a dependable conclusion. This is something that
needs to be paid careful attention to. Conduct a search in PROSPERO, for example, to ensure that
there are no ongoing projects that resemble yours. To find government reports or similar texts, you
may even have to go to the organization’s website and search directly among their publication lists.
They’re the most common type of systematic literature review. Check a list of sample literature
review documents below and learn writing custom literature reviews. Search filters are sets of search
terms chosen to restrict a search to a selection of references, such as articles based on method or
study type. You will use these to create search blocks that will then form the basis for the search
strings used in the different databases. A wide search means that not all search results will be
relevant. It attempts to collect all existing evidence on a specific topic in order to answer a specific
research question. Next, decide whether the resources are available to include articles published in
other languages. If so, you might consider proposing a collaboration or modifying your aims. Your
second move should be to consult a clinical librarian or someone with experience conducting a
systematic review for tips on setting up your project. Short answer essay outline breast cancer
research paper thesis computer engineering capstone project ideasWeather essay introduction how to
write a business plan free printable research proposal topics in psychology nursing how to write a
reflective essay on an article. Check the basic literature review format and elements used in the
example. Our intervention, comparisons and outcomes were carried out using the data extraction and
quality appraisal variables described in methods and depicted in and. Authors create criteria for
deciding on which evidence is included or excluded before starting the systematic review. They are
usually one of the first steps in research methodologies.
Try to explain points of similarity or difference by considering the authors’ individual historical
perspectives, source usage, methodology, or structure. So what is the difference between systematic
review and literature review. Template for systematic literature review 2019-02-27. Systematic
Reviews: the process, quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods. Your systematic literature review
doesn’t have to contain a comparison, but you’ll want to stipulate at this stage, either way. A variety
of tools and databases allow you to search for citation data, including Web of Science, Google
Scholar and SpiderCite. This process is more ad hoc for literature reviews. In clinical research, it is
common to use the PICO-structure: P opulation, I ntervention, C ontrol and O utcome. Besides
making room for suf?cient up-front design activities as. Export Search Results from Databases to
EndNote Step 4. Where your product and evidence will be used in such a dynamic setting, a living
review can be an excellent option. Select studies per protocol The screening of studies should be
performed by 2 reviewers. Conduct literature search The Institute of Medicine recommends
partnering with a librarian when developing your search strategy. In the thesaurus you may also find
referrals to related terms. One tip is to use both broader, narrower and related terms, in order to
ensure that you’re getting all the relevant subject headings into your search. The information that is
collected is integrated into paragraphs based on their relevance. Keep in mind that it could take
longer than a year complete. Main Objective Answer and discuss topics that have straight answers,
such as clinical discussions with no biases. However, in order to not overlook potentially relevant
aspects of major incident reporting, the literature aimed to report from exercises and literature using
a systematic method for reporting in general was included. Analyze data for issues such as variation
across studies heterogeneity and sensitivity of findings. To write a strong stand-alone literature
review, you should approach the research using a step-by-step process. For instance, the intervention
may work differently in different contexts, and the included studies were gathered from all over the
world. Read more about gray literature. 5. Screen the literature This should be performed by your
two reviewers, using the criteria documented in your research protocol. For example, some scholars
have examined the social aspects of a topic while others have explored its economic aspects. What
types of systematic literature reviews are there. Refer to our Evidence-Based Practice guide for a
review. Contents Systematic research, inclusion and exclusion criteria of studies in the review,
research strategy, validity or relevance of studies used, interpretation and conclusion of the research
and references. Put the free text words within a parenthesis and write TI in front of the parenthesis.
As with most journal articles, Cochrane reviews begin with an Abstract and a Plain language
summary, which can be helpful for newcomers to a the topic. If you search without quotation marks,
the terms are not kept together as a phrase. The risk of antenatal parasitemia is 286 events per every
1,000 people.
World-Wide Web OR project OR development) AND (method OR process OR. It’s often a good
idea to start with a test search where you use the subject headings and synonyms you’re already
familiar with. Descriptive Vs. Inferential Statistics: The Main Differences. Analyze results Create a
table of study results and prepare a forest plot to demonstrate the relative strength of treatment
effects, if relevant. Medical professionals read systematic literature reviews to stay up-to-date in
their field and granting agencies sometimes need them to make sure there’s justification for further
research in an area. ?? What is the first stage of a systematic literature review. OR multi
organisational OR multi- company OR multi-organisation OR multi-. Visit Find Systematic Reviews
to learn where to find published systematic reviews and protocols. Unfortunately, it is not possible to
easily retrieve a list containing all the references from several different publications. Do the
confidence intervals from each study form a vertical column, even if the point estimates shift
between them. Interpret and present the results Registering your systematic literature review
Frequently Asked Questions about writing a systematic literature review Related Articles What is a
systematic literature review. OR cross organisation OR cross organization OR cross organizational
OR. PRISMA 2020 consists of a checklist with 27 points and several flowcharts. You can then
export the references from the list to EndNote or another reference management program. In this
guide, we will cover: the definition of a systematic literature review the purpose of a systematic
literature review the different types of systematic reviews how to write a systematic literature
review. Registering your systematic literature review Before writing your systematic literature
review, you can register it with OSF for additional guidance along the way. You'll find links to
systematic review databases, and guidance to critically appraising systematic reviews. Analyze data
for issues such as variation across studies heterogeneity and sensitivity of findings. Cochrane has
several templates that researchers can adapt for their projects. Some systematic reviews include a
meta-analysis, which is quantitative technique for combining the results of multiple studies to
estimate a pooled effect size that takes variations in study size and quality into consideration. What
types of systematic literature reviews are there. However, students could gain a reasonable idea from
citations and journal rankings (albeit rough). Parameter Systematic Reviews Literature Reviews
Basic Definition Review of focused questions by assessing, synthesizing, identifying, and selecting
appropriate studies. Step 1: Set Protocol To start things off, you get to set a plan or protocol. You
will also need to adapt field tags and other symbols. Codes related to the iterative and incremental
design and development principle. Again, record any excluded studies here for reference. 9. Interpret
and present the results Consider different factors when interpreting your results. Many higher
institutes and universities ask students to write literature reviews in the final year. Subject headings,
however, will need to be adjusted to each database’s controlled vocabulary list. A systematic
literature review aims to classify, critically appraise, and summarise the current evidence concerning
an identified issue, similar to conventional literature reviews. Preregistration gives other researchers
confidence that the team is not selectively choosing advantageous results at the end to make an
interesting paper.