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Electric charge characteristics on the surface of the bone matrix are of crucial significance for the
fibroblast-tran. The “invisible” effects of a neutralization strategy for dealing with phraseological
units may become apparent here, especially in descriptions of protagonists in the source-language
work. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Factors Associated with Low Back Pain among
Nursing Personnel International Journal of Health Sciences and Research (IJHSR) 2022,
Introduction: Globally low back pain has been found to affect the quality of peoples' health hence
affecting work output. Conclusions: Three fourth of nurses working at national heart centre were
suffering from low back pain which indicates high prevalence. Result: Nurses were found to be
having pain on self-efficacy for pain. They seem artificial and non-literary even to readers that do not
know the original. Bilgi iletisim teknolojileri ile toplam kalite yonetiminin destekleyici rolu
incelenmistir. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a
few seconds to upgrade your browser. Conclusion: Now a days work related musculoskeletal
disorders is the greatest problem in the world among the working population. Semi structured self
administered questionnaires with single and multiple response items were distributed to them and
were collected next day. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. To browse
Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade
your browser. Nurse’s jobs vary from simple task to more complex one and are at risk of various
occupational health problems. Among those, musculoskeletal problem including low back pain (LBP)
is commonest one. For multiple responses, percentage was calculated in terms of total responses
therefore exceeds 100%. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that MS4A14 (SP3111) is located in
the acrosome and the midpiece of the flagellum in mature sperm. Work on creating a positive image
of higher education institutions at all levels of action, and work on increasing the satisfaction of
students and being responsible to them are the tasks of the management, teaching and administrative
staff and all employees at the University. A nurse has to provide 24 hours service in shifts and has to
take care of many patients. This paper presents a methodology that integrates inspection results and
finite element analysis for the distorted wall of the pipeline. Download Free PDF View PDF Free
PDF See Full PDF Download PDF Loading Preview Sorry, preview is currently unavailable.
However, there is scarcity of evidence regarding symptoms prevalence and associated risk factors in
the context of Bangladesh. Therefore it is recommended to maintain proper body mechanics and use
supportive devices like back belts, knee cap, and chair with back rest during patient care. Toplam
kalitenin sirketlerde verimliligi ne olcude etkiledigi arast?r?lm?st?r. Results: Among 50 nurses, 78%
of nurses were suffering from LBP. The risk factors of LBP among the nurses are previous spinal
complaint, tools for lateral transfer, work place and gender. Results: Out of 101 nursing personnel, 79
(78.2%) had experienced low back pain. Method: Total 40 nurses with low back pain with high work
load were included in the study. After informed verbal consent, 50 nurses were selected purposively.
Data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Recently, T. absoluta is turned into a key
pest of tomato in Bangladesh.
In a translated text, only word-for-word translations and subsequently unnatural-sounding passages
stand out. Conclusions: Three fourth of nurses working at national heart centre were suffering from
low back pain which indicates high prevalence. Compound annual growth was used to gauge
performance, while instability index was used to quantify variability. Therefore it is recommended to
maintain proper body mechanics and use supportive devices like back belts, knee cap, and chair with
back rest during patient care. Inspection reported anomaly cases of wall distorted at buried gas
pipeline, and the result will be used to do stress analysis using finite element analysis. Research to
examine the potential efficacy of such treatment approaches for nurses with LBP is warranted.
Products in this category includes fish and fish preparations, tea, coffee, tobacco. The back is divided
into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia
(tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected. Therefore, this paper focused on relevant
scientific. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at National Medical College
and Teaching Hospital Birganj, Nepal among 101 nurses. Demographic data and information on the
status of skeletal pain, as well as, associated factors were collected using a pre-designed check list.
Study found that LBP was predominant among married nurses (88%) compared to unmarried
(69%). In dilute alkalies, hexadimethrine inhibited, whereas, Evans Blue did not suppress the
transforming function of the bone matrix. Thus this study examines the prevalence and perceived
causes of low back pain and its impact among the nurses working in national heart centre. This study
aims to identify pain-related factors that are associated with LWDs in nurses with LBP, in order to
inform the development of interventions that could reduce LBP-related work dysfunction and
improve patient care. Half of them 50 (49.5%) had mild pain, 24 (23.8%) had moderate pain
whereas only 5 (5%) had severe type of pain. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Prevalent
Causes of Low Back Pain and its Impact among Nurses Working in Sahid Gangalal National Heart
Centre gita dhakal ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Nursing is one of the challenging professions in
the health sector. The aims of study this were: (1) to estimate the prevalence of LBP using different
measures, (2) to determine medical and professional consequences of LBP, and (3) to determine the
associated factors and significant predictors of LBP. The factors related to low back pain among
nursing professionals is multi-factorial. Method: Total 40 nurses with low back pain with high work
load were included in the study. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Integrity Assessment of
Wall Distorted of Buried Gas Pipeline Wira Herucakra Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan
Teknologi Kelautan In the oil and gas industry, the pipeline is the main mode to transport the product
and can be applied for long-distance transportation; hence some pipe segments may be buried
underground. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Committee, written informed
consent was taken and Semi-structured questionnaire was distributed to the participants for data
collection. Thus this study examines the prevalence and perceived causes of low back pain and its
impact among the nurses working in national heart centre. This issue is addressed using the example
of Henryk Sienkiewicz’s novel Bez dogmatu (Without Dogma), a work nearly forgotten today.
Descriptive statistics i.e., percentage, mean and chi square was used to interpret the data. Tea,
tobacco, meat and meat preparations, fish and fish preparations, coffee, spices, and rice are India's
major agricultural exports, while petroleum products, chemicals, leather, pearls, precious metals,
machinery, and transport equipment are its major manufacturing exports. Nurses, particularly, are at
higher risk than other health professionals to suffer from injuries and work related musculoskeletal
disorders such as low back pain (LBP). In this context, interlingual comparison appears to be
extremely helpful. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. On average their self-
efficacy for pain was found to be moderate that is 38.78 with maximum score of 60.
However, advocates demand a thorough inquiry into the underlying reasons for the high volatility
and low growth. Descriptive and analytic statistical analyses were done using chi-square and
multivariate logistic regression techniques. The risk factors of LBP among the nurses are previous
spinal complaint, tools for lateral transfer, work place and gender. Acceptance of the student-focused
concept is a starting point for a fundamental reform of teaching and curricula at higher education
institutions. Conclusion: The nurses with existing low back pain with high work load has
considerable self-efficacy for pain and their physical function and participation were moderately
affected. Toplam kalitenin sirketlerde verimliligi ne olcude etkiledigi arast?r?lm?st?r. Due to LBP,
44% were not able to perform their job properly, 33% became less productive, 28% had restriction in
work and 26% could not provide quality care to the patient. A simple and multiple logistic regression
was used for analysis. The “invisible” effects of a neutralization strategy for dealing with
phraseological units may become apparent here, especially in descriptions of protagonists in the
source-language work. Semi structured self administered questionnaires with single and multiple
response items were distributed to them and were collected next day. Ethical approval was obtained
from Institutional Review Committee, written informed consent was taken and Semi-structured
questionnaire was distributed to the participants for data collection. Therefore it is recommended to
maintain proper body mechanics and use supportive devices like back belts, knee cap, and chair with
back rest during patient care. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Primary Black Hole Spin in
Oj 287 as Determined by the General Relativity Centenary Flare Pere Blay 2016, The Astrophysical
Journal Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF The listeriosis triangle: Pathogen, host and the
environment Maja Abram 2012, DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) Download Free
PDF View PDF Free PDF See Full PDF Download PDF About Press Blog People Papers Topics Job
Board We're Hiring. SFNs were produced, freeze-dried and then loaded with PTX. Individual and
work-related factors are regarded as causal factors for many back injuries. You can download the
paper by clicking the button above. This study aimed to assess the relationship between quality of
life of nursing staff with chronic nonspecific low back and their socio demographic characteristics.
This paper presents a methodology that integrates inspection results and finite element analysis for
the distorted wall of the pipeline. Due to LBP, 44% were not able to perform their job properly, 33%
became less productive, 28% had restriction in work and 26% could not provide quality care to the
patient. There was significant association between Low back pain and how long the Nurses working
in this hospital. For multiple responses, percentage was calculated in terms of total responses
therefore exceeds 100%. A nurse has to provide 24 hours service in shifts and has to take care of
many patients. The back is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back
pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected. PSEQ was used
to assess pain, ODI was used to assess disability, PSFS was used to assess functional activity.
However, gender, occupation, marital status, smoking, family history, frequency of lifting heavy
things, work experience, and workplace did not show a significant relationship. In this context,
interlingual comparison appears to be extremely helpful. As MS4A14 protein exists in mammals,
such as humans, cows, d. Implications To effectively reduce LBP-related work disability,
interventions may need to teach nurses how to better manage constant pain and remain active despite
pain, rather than focus on pain reduction. The proportion of nurses reporting repeated increase of
LBP (19%) was approximately as large as the proportion who complained about repeated decrease of
LBP (17%). Changes in laying conditions such as design and operational parameters, human activity
and geological movement can affect the redistribution of deformation that may lead to pipe buckling.
Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF See Full PDF Download PDF Loading Preview Sorry,
preview is currently unavailable. On average categorised themselves to have moderate disability with
27.83%. On average nurses were having moderate functioning affection with a mean total score of
6.1 when 3 major activities were considered. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 for windows. LBP was measured in nurses who had work for one
year using the Keele Start Back Screening Tool (KSBT) and Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain
Questionnaire (OMPQ). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at National
Medical College and Teaching Hospital Birganj, Nepal among 101 nurses. This paper presents a
methodology that integrates inspection results and finite element analysis for the distorted wall of
the pipeline. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at National Medical
College and Teaching Hospital Birganj, Nepal among 101 nurses. The back is divided into neck pain
(cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral
pain) based on the segment affected. Our results suggested that MS4A14 is involved in fertilization
and zygote division. Modelin analizi sonucunda TKY uygulamalar?n?n TKY-BIT fark?ndal?g. Half
of them 50 (49.5%) had mild pain, 24 (23.8%) had moderate pain whereas only 5 (5%) had severe
type of pain. This study aims to identify pain-related factors that are associated with LWDs in nurses
with LBP, in order to inform the development of interventions that could reduce LBP-related work
dysfunction and improve patient care. The “invisible” effects of a neutralization strategy for dealing
with phraseological units may become apparent here, especially in descriptions of protagonists in the
source-language work. After informed verbal consent, 50 nurses were selected purposively. Among
these larvae is the most devastating stage which affects the fruit, leaves, and stem. The active extract
contained a compound which fluoresced in ultra violet light; it coloured pink when sprayed with
diazotized sulphanilic acid followed by sodium hydroxide on a TLC plate. Methods: A descriptive
cross-sectional study design was used. The back is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back
pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the
segment affected. See Full PDF Download PDF About Press Blog People Papers Topics Job Board
We're Hiring. Thus this study examines the prevalence and perceived causes of low back pain and its
impact among the nurses working in national heart centre. Therefore it is recommended to maintain
proper body mechanics and use supportive devices like back belts, knee cap, and chair with back rest
during patient care. Half of them 50 (49.5%) had mild pain, 24 (23.8%) had moderate pain whereas
only 5 (5%) had severe type of pain. Age, BMI, and physical activity were significantly associated
with the prevalence of low back pain. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF 566.docx Juan
Perez Download Free PDF View PDF Free DOCX Semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of
size fractionated atmospheric particles Leonard Barrie 1989, Atmospheric Environment (1967)
Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Women in greening the city: solutions to more self-
sufficient and resilient urban communities Gianna Avellis 2018 Due to heavy urbanisation,
approaches in greener cities are required. Descriptive statistics i.e., percentage, mean and chi square
was used to interpret the data. Due to LBP, 44% were not able to perform their job properly, 33%
became less productive, 28% had restriction in work and 26% could not provide quality care to the
patient. These prevalence rates vary among countries, and with various measurements have been used
to determine LBP. Conclusion: Now a days work related musculoskeletal disorders is the greatest
problem in the world among the working population. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF
Developing Asean5 Bond Markets: What Still Needs to Be Done.
Suppression and subsequent reactivation of this function were influenced critically by the charge of
the electrochemical reagent and the pH of the reaction mixture. Study found that LBP was
predominant among married nurses (88%) compared to unmarried (69%). Conclusion: Now a days
work related musculoskeletal disorders is the greatest problem in the world among the working
population. Changes in laying conditions such as design and operational parameters, human activity
and geological movement can affect the redistribution of deformation that may lead to pipe
buckling. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Integrity Assessment of Wall Distorted of
Buried Gas Pipeline Wira Herucakra Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan In the
oil and gas industry, the pipeline is the main mode to transport the product and can be applied for
long-distance transportation; hence some pipe segments may be buried underground. This study
aimed to assess the relationship between quality of life of nursing staff with chronic nonspecific low
back and their socio demographic characteristics. In a translated text, only word-for-word
translations and subsequently unnatural-sounding passages stand out. Data was analyzed by
descriptive and inferential statistics. The back is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain
(thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment
affected. Results: Out of 101 nursing personnel, 79 (78.2%) had experienced low back pain. PSEQ
was used to assess pain, ODI was used to assess disability, PSFS was used to assess functional
activity. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Results: Totally 119 nurses
including 93 female (78.1%) were participated in the study. It is therefore reasonable to use the
criterion of naturalness when discussing and assessing translation solutions. Results: Out of 101
nursing personnel, 79 (78.2%) had experienced low back pain. You can download the paper by
clicking the button above. The active extract contained a compound which fluoresced in ultra violet
light; it coloured pink when sprayed with diazotized sulphanilic acid followed by sodium hydroxide
on a TLC plate. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Nurses, particularly, are
at higher risk than other health professionals to suffer from injuries and work related musculoskeletal
disorders such as low back pain (LBP). Higher prevalence of low back pain is reported among nurses
which is neglected and responsible for serious suffering and disability and thus affecting quality of
patient care. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF International Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain
prevention Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Quality of Life of Nurses suffering from Chronic
Non-specific Low Back Pain Ahmad Jamshidi 2016 Background: Socio demographic characteristics
of nurses who work in hospitals may impact on their quality of life. Bilgi iletisim teknolojileri ile
toplam kalite yonetiminin destekleyici rolu incelenmistir. Conclusion The findings provide important
new information regarding what is (and of equal importance) what is not associated with LWDs in
nurses with LBP. The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a
burning sensation. The phraseological features that especially stand out when editing a translation are
expressions translated word-for-word that have an artificial effect. At a same time, nurses are also
suffering from different musculoskeletal disorders. Due to LBP, 44% were not able to perform their
job properly, 33% became less productive, 28% had restriction in work and 26% could not provide
quality care to the patient. These prevalence rates vary among countries, and with various
measurements have been used to determine LBP. Results: Among 50 nurses, 78% of nurses were
suffering from LBP. This pest was first detected by IPM lab, Horticulture Research Centre,
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh from a commercial tomato grower
in the village of Chaklarhat (26019’N, 88043’E) under the Tunirhat union of Panchagarh Sadar
Upazila, Panchagarh district of Bangladesh in May 2016.
Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Integrity Assessment of Wall Distorted of Buried Gas
Pipeline Wira Herucakra Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan In the oil and gas
industry, the pipeline is the main mode to transport the product and can be applied for long-distance
transportation; hence some pipe segments may be buried underground. Aim: The purpose of the
study was to investigate the current working conditions of nurses with LBP in relation to their
physical workload, and to depiction whether working prolonged shifts is associated with LBP. A
simple and multiple logistic regression was used for analysis. However, advocates demand a
thorough inquiry into the underlying reasons for the high volatility and low growth. Citation:
Mahmud, Sri R, Iqbal MR, Lukman WA, Sri HN. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF
566.docx Juan Perez Download Free PDF View PDF Free DOCX Semi-quantitative X-ray
diffraction analysis of size fractionated atmospheric particles Leonard Barrie 1989, Atmospheric
Environment (1967) Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Women in greening the city:
solutions to more self-sufficient and resilient urban communities Gianna Avellis 2018 Due to heavy
urbanisation, approaches in greener cities are required. Result: In this study, Physical factor for back
pain by heavy loads (more than 5kg) were 77% and did not low back pain were 23%.Job related risk
factors for back pain by heavy loads (more than 5kg) were 97% and did not low back pain were
3%.Among 100 participants 66% participant’s said that they had pain in the last 12 months and 34%
participant said that they had no pain during the last 12 months. Toplam kalitenin sirketlerde
verimliligi ne olcude etkiledigi arast?r?lm?st?r. Due to LBP, 44% were not able to perform their job
properly, 33% became less productive, 28% had restriction in work and 26% could not provide
quality care to the patient. The aims of study this were: (1) to estimate the prevalence of LBP using
different measures, (2) to determine medical and professional consequences of LBP, and (3) to
determine the associated factors and significant predictors of LBP. Ethical approval was obtained
from Institutional Review Committee, written informed consent was taken and Semi-structured
questionnaire was distributed to the participants for data collection. Tea, tobacco, meat and meat
preparations, fish and fish preparations, coffee, spices, and rice are India's major agricultural exports,
while petroleum products, chemicals, leather, pearls, precious metals, machinery, and transport
equipment are its major manufacturing exports. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Primary
Black Hole Spin in Oj 287 as Determined by the General Relativity Centenary Flare Pere Blay 2016,
The Astrophysical Journal Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF The listeriosis triangle:
Pathogen, host and the environment Maja Abram 2012, DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access
Journals) Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF See Full PDF Download PDF About Press Blog
People Papers Topics Job Board We're Hiring. There was significant association between Low back
pain and how long the Nurses working in this hospital. Implications To effectively reduce LBP-
related work disability, interventions may need to teach nurses how to better manage constant pain
and remain active despite pain, rather than focus on pain reduction. Therefore, this paper focused on
relevant scientific. Conclusion: The nurses with existing low back pain with high work load has
considerable self-efficacy for pain and their physical function and participation were moderately
affected. Results: Among 50 nurses, 78% of nurses were suffering from LBP. These prevalence rates
vary among countries, and with various measurements have been used to determine LBP. Therefore it
is recommended to maintain proper body mechanics and use supportive devices like back belts, knee
cap, and chair with back rest during patient care. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for
the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 for windows. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study
design was used. An exogenous method allowed us to reduce both drug loss and environmental
impact. The back is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain
(lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected. A large percentage
(38%) indicated the same intensity of LBP on all three occasions. Semi structured self administered
questionnaires with single and multiple response items were distributed to them and were collected
next day. This is addressed by a number of initiatives, including seeing the city as an ecosystem, and
the dialogue between economy and e. This is highly recommended to reveal the information
concerning LBP prevalence and its. Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess the
prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among nurses, working in private hospitals in
Bole sub city, Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Pain-related factors associated with lost
work days in nurses with low back pain: A cross-sectional study Saurab Sharma Background and
aims Chronic low back pain is known to contribute to lost work days (LWDs) in nurses.
Subsequently, this study shows that there is a high risk of musculoskeletal symptoms among the
nurses.
Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF See Full PDF Download PDF Loading Preview Sorry,
preview is currently unavailable. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF GROWTH AND
INSTABILITY OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE AND MANUFACTURE EXPORTS Vipul Singh
2022 The current study aims to assess the development and volatility of important primary export
commodities. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. This is highly
recommended to reveal the information concerning LBP prevalence and its. Significance was
considered at p?0.05. Results The findings of this study broadly confirm the high levels of back pain
in nursing, with a one-year prevalence of LBP of 54.3 % for LBP of at least one day, 26.8 % for
chronic LBP, 18.1 % for sick leave seeking LBP, and 34.3 % for medical treatment seeking LBP.
Electric charge characteristics on the surface of the bone matrix are of crucial significance for the
fibroblast-tran. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take
a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Developing
Asean5 Bond Markets: What Still Needs to Be Done. The factors related to low back pain among
nursing professionals is multi-factorial. However, there is scarcity of evidence regarding symptoms
prevalence and associated risk factors in the context of Bangladesh. Due to prolonged standing due
to long procedures and caring debilitated patients' nurses are prone for low back pain (LBP). This
pain affects their quality of life and sometimes may force them to absent from their job. Download
Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Prevalence of Lower Back Pain in Nurses Sukhada Ghodey 2017,
IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF The
prevalence of low back pain among nurses working in Poursina hospital in Rasht, Iran journal of
emergency practice and trauma Abstract Objective: Low back pain is the most common skeletal
disorder worldwide that 50% to 80% of people experience it at least once in their lifetime. Half of
them 50 (49.5%) had mild pain, 24 (23.8%) had moderate pain whereas only 5 (5%) had severe type
of pain. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Conclusion: The nurses with
existing low back pain with high work load has considerable self-efficacy for pain and their physical
function and participation were moderately affected. However, advocates demand a thorough inquiry
into the underlying reasons for the high volatility and low growth. Since its introduction in 2016,
there was no sound action plan implemented. The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting
or piercing pain, or a burning sensation. Result: Nurses were found to be having pain on self-efficacy
for pain. Modelin analizi sonucunda TKY uygulamalar?n?n TKY-BIT fark?ndal?g. The back is
divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or
coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected. Due to prolonged standing due to
long procedures and caring debilitated patients' nurses are prone for low back pain (LBP). Three
different conditions within the different treatment of bedding conditions were assessed: pipe buried
on uncompacted soil, pipe buried with rock bedding, and pipe buried in compacte. In this study, we
report the cloning of a full-length cDNA from rat testis, designatedMs4a14(Sp3111), which encodes
the MS4A protein with 1139 amino acid residues.In situhybridization and immunohistochemical
analyses indicate thatMs4a14is predominantly expressed from round spermatids to spermatozoa at
specific stages in the rat testis at both the mRNA and protein level. Nurses injure their backs from
the physical burden associated with manual handling of patients. Results: Out of 101 nursing
personnel, 79 (78.2%) had experienced low back pain. A nurse has to provide 24 hours service in
shifts and has to take care of many patients. SFNs were produced, freeze-dried and then loaded with
PTX. Demographic data and information on the status of skeletal pain, as well as, associated factors
were collected using a pre-designed check list.