Title: Guidelines For Systematic Literature Review

Embarking on a literature review can be a daunting task, especially when aiming for a systematic
approach. It requires meticulous planning, comprehensive research, and adept analysis skills. Crafting
a literature review that meets the highest academic standards demands time and effort. However,
with the right guidance and resources, the process can be streamlined to yield insightful results.

A systematic literature review involves systematically searching, selecting, evaluating, and

To conduct a systematic literature review effectively, it is essential to follow established guidelines.

1. Define the Research Question: Clearly articulate the research question or objective of the
literature review. This will guide the entire process and help maintain focus.
2. Develop Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Determine the criteria for selecting relevant
literature. This may include specific keywords, publication dates, study designs, or other
factors relevant to your research question.
3. Systematic Search Strategy: Design a comprehensive search strategy to identify relevant
studies. Utilize multiple databases, search engines, and other sources to ensure thorough
coverage of the literature.
4. Screening and Selection Process: Screen search results based on predefined criteria and select
studies that meet the inclusion criteria. This process may involve multiple rounds of screening
to ensure accuracy and reliability.
5. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Extract relevant data from selected studies and organize it
systematically. Synthesize the findings to identify patterns, themes, and gaps in the literature.
6. Critical Appraisal: Evaluate the quality and validity of included studies using appropriate
tools and criteria. This step is crucial for assessing the reliability of the evidence and drawing
meaningful conclusions.
7. Interpretation and Reporting: Interpret the findings in the context of the research question
and objectives. Clearly report the results, including any limitations or biases identified during
the review process.

While conducting a systematic literature review requires diligence and expertise, seeking assistance
from professional writing services can alleviate some of the challenges. ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔ offers
expert assistance in crafting high-quality literature reviews that adhere to academic standards and
guidelines. Our team of experienced writers can help streamline the process, ensuring a
comprehensive and well-structured review that meets your specific requirements.

By leveraging the expertise of ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔, researchers can save time and effort while
producing literature reviews that contribute meaningfully to their academic endeavors. Contact us
today to learn more about our services and how we can assist you in your literature review journey.
According to the common opinion, a review type article is the interpretation, synthesis and
assessment of the scientific reports and studies printed in scientific publications by authors
experienced in the area ( 5 ). Dr. Mark Matthews Student Learning Development Workshop
Overview. Clarifying differences between reviews within evidence ecosystems. Syst Rev.
2019;8:170.. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Moher D. Here we’ll review how you
can do so in Web of Science and in SpiderCite, which builds on data from Lens.org. The PRISMA
extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of
health care interventions: checklist and explanations. Select fields for each comparison below and
click on Find Duplicates under References and remove all duplicates. A systematic approach to a
review, however, will minimize bias and maximize its contribution to science. MJP, JEM, PMB, IB,
TCH, CDM, LS, and DM conceived this paper and designed the literature review and survey
conducted to inform the guideline content. Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic
reviews: reporting guideline. BMJ. 2020;368:l6890.. Sterne JAC, Savovic J, Page MJ, et al.
However, in a systematic literature search, it is recommended that you specify the search field
manually instead. The first stage in carrying out a systematic literature review is to put together your
team. Ovid is a database platform used for many different databases. The method exists in an
unpublished and relative simple version presented here. The PRISMA 2020 statement has been
designed primarily for systematic reviews of studies that evaluate the effects of health interventions,
irrespective of the design of the included studies. In this case, the number of studies included in the
review is one, whereas the number of reports of included studies is two. It is not a hard and fast rule
but it should give you an idea of how you can use it. Get our high-caliber English paper editors to
help you reach your publication goal. Tetzlaff Clinical Research Institute, American University of
Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster
University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Elie A. Examples of Articles that use Prisma 2020 Removing
Duplicates This link opens in a new window EndNote 20 Assisting You in Research This link opens
in a new window In PRISMA 2020, there are now expanded options depending on where you search
and whether you are updating a review. The PRISMA Flow Diagram visually depicts the flow of
studies through each phase of the review process. Box 2 summarises noteworthy changes from the
PRISMA 2009 statement. Keep it short: Many journals recommend keeping your plain language
summary less than 250 words. MJP conducted the literature review, administered the survey and
analysed the data for both. These cookies do not store any personal information. To avoid reviewing
duplicate articles, you need to remove any articles that appear more than once in your results. To
analyze each of them, one needs to break them down to identify the important information.
ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ.
2016;355:i4919.. Whiting P, Savovic J, Higgins JP, ROBIS group, et al. If you have identified
articles through other sources than databases (such as manual searches through reference lists of
articles you have found or search engines like Google Scholar), enter the total number of records
from each source type in the box on the top right of the flow diagram. Search strategy A systematic
literature search was performed to identify templates published after 1 January 1990 and up to 19
March 2012. Nurses in leadership roles must make a wide range of managerial decisions concerning
nurse staffing, human resources, and which clinical technologies to advocate for the support direct
care nurses’ decision-making.
PRISMA has been designed primarily to improve the reporting of systematic literature reviews and
meta-analyses. 4. Search for the literature When writing a systematic literature review, your goal is
to find all of the relevant studies relating to your question, so you need to search thoroughly.
Understanding the types of information nurses need in direct care and leadership roles, what
information is available, and limitations to existing information sources is needed to evaluate
interventions to support decision-making. The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of
systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and
explanations. Clarifying differences between reviews within evidence ecosystems. Syst Rev.
2019;8:170.. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Moher D. Our recommendations are
informed by the reviews and survey conducted before the in-person meeting, theoretical
considerations about which items facilitate replication and help users assess the risk of bias and
applicability of systematic reviews, and co-authors’ experience with authoring and using systematic
reviews. In clinical research, it is common to use the PICO-structure: P opulation, I ntervention, C
ontrol and O utcome. In EndNote, you can both organize your references and get rid of duplicates.
The next step is to add the number of articles that you will screen. To find government reports or
similar texts, you may even have to go to the organization’s website and search directly among their
publication lists. Federal government websites often end in.gov or.mil. Before sharing sensitive
information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. Methodology systematic reviews can be
carried out to analyze any methodological issues in the design, conduct, or review of research
studies. Cenk Ecevit, MD for raising my awareness on this issue, hence causing me to write this
scientific letter. Digital technologies (e.g., clinical decision support, telehealth, monitoring systems,
artificial intelligence) can provide important new sources of information and address limitations to
existing information sources, such as organizing EHR data to efficiently identify a patient’s risk for
clinical deterioration. Nurse leaders are in a key position to advocate for greater involvement of
nurses, early and throughout the process of developing and implementing CDS. A minimum of two
is a good rule of thumb, with a third to serve as a tiebreaker if needed. Click on the number under
the heading Citing Articles, you’ll receive a list of these 73 publications. In this case, devote most of
your space to explaining the connections between sources, but you must also include a thesis and a
conclusion, even though they will be brief. According to the common opinion, a review type article
is the interpretation, synthesis and assessment of the scientific reports and studies printed in scientific
publications by authors experienced in the area ( 5 ). The corresponding author attests that all listed
authors meet authorship criteria and that no others meeting the criteria have been omitted. Each slide
that has notes has a callout icon on the top right of the page which can be toggled on or off to make
the notes visible. Here’s a free detailed template for recording data extraction, from Dalhousie
University. Additionally, an individual can consult an expert in the field of nursing to get help in
choosing the topic. User involvement in the design and development of patient decision aids and
other personal health tools: a systematic review. The process of performing a systematic literature
review must be transparent and. Establishing a new journal for systematic review products. Syst Rev.
2012;1:1.. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. Although you may write a stand-alone
literature review as a course assignment to enhance your own knowledge as a student, scholars often
write stand-alone literature reviews to benefit the research community and discipline. Essay layout
example table of contents, uncle sam toolbox assignment help essay group assignment icon essay
services manohar how to write a good college essay university of washington essay prompts
beginning writing paper with picture cues thinking critically by john chaffee 10th edition how to
write a quote in a paper book. Template for systematic literature review 2019-02-27. A systematic
literature review focuses on providing a persuasive, comprehensive, and updated synthesis of studies
in a specific area of scientific inquiry. If you have identified articles through other sources than
databases (such as manual searches through reference lists of articles you have found or search
engines like Google Scholar), enter the total number of records from each source type in the box on
the top right of the flow diagram.
Comparison(s) or Control: is there an alternative intervention or treatment you’re considering. It is
not a hard and fast rule but it should give you an idea of how you can use it. Codes related to the
separate product discovery and product creation principle. Mulrow Knowledge Translation Program,
Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Larissa Shamseer Evidence Partners,
Ottawa, Canada Jennifer M. Systematic Reviews Systematic reviews typically focus on a very
specific research question and analyze particular types of research studies. Consider whether or not
your search terms include a word with a different spelling. These cookies help provide information
on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Teich JM, Osheroff JA, Pifer EA,
Sittig DF, Jenders RA, Panel TCER. Exploration for heterogeneity is important to help in
determining whether or not the summary can be trusted. This may include developing processes for
nurses to provide feedback about information needs in their settings, workflow considerations, and
opportunities to test and refine CDS prototypes. Lalu Department of Ophthalmology, School of
Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States; Department of
Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Tianjing Li Division of Headache, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Head of Research, The BMJ, London, UK
Elizabeth W. Note that you would only rarely use all parts of the PICO-question in a search; most of
the time, you will focus on population and intervention. Financial Disclosure: The author declared
that this study has received no financial support. Relation of completeness of reporting of health
research to journals’ endorsement of reporting guidelines: systematic review. BMJ. 2014;348:g3804..
Hair K, Macleod MR, Sena ES, IICARus Collaboration. After all, they can often take 6 to 18
months to complete. Your systematic review should include the following details: the objectives of
your project the specific methods and processes that you’ll use the eligibility criteria of the individual
studies how you plan to extract data from individual studies which analyses you’re going to carry
out. CDS has an expanding potential to augment decision-making across roles by providing nurses
with meaningful, person-specific information in a usable format to positively impact care and
outcomes. To ensure a systematic review is valuable to users, authors should prepare a transparent,
complete, and accurate account of why the review was done, what they did (such as how studies
were identified and selected) and what they found (such as characteristics of contributing studies
and results of meta-analyses). To help keep track of which items have been reported, the PRISMA
statement website ( ) includes fillable templates of the checklists to download and complete (also
available in Additional file 1 ). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses:
the PRISMA statement. Select “ OR ” between each row and add more rows if needed. Reviews
written with an analogous approach cannot go beyond an account of what has been already done:
They cover a wide range of topics within a given subject; may be useful in understanding new
concepts, but are rarely comprehensive; rarely give details about the methods; are likely to be written
in line with the opinions of the author; quality differences between the studies are rarely considered;
and as a result, can be misinterpreted and lead to inadvertent bias. Exploration for heterogeneity is
also helpful in determining whether effects observed in selected studies can be used to generate
inferences. Consult your library subject guide to review databases appropriate for your topic. In the
thesaurus you may also find referrals to related terms. One tip is to use both broader, narrower and
related terms, in order to ensure that you’re getting all the relevant subject headings into your search.
PRISMA Guidelines and Examples This page includes a link to the updated PRISMA guidelines and
explains each guideline in detail. Are there factors about them (e.g. age, race) that could be relevant
to the question you’re trying to answer. The main steps that should be followed when writing a
nursing systematic literature review include choosing a review topic, identifying relevant primary
studies, synthesizing the literature, summarizing the evidence, and interpreting the findings. Most
nursing students writing a BSN, MSN, or DNP nursing capstone project are required to conduct
systematic reviews. Ideally, supplementary files should be deposited to a general-purpose or
institutional open-access repository that provides free and permanent access to the material (such as
Open Science Framework, Dryad, figshare).
Lalu Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver,
Colorado, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public
Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Tianjing Li Division of Headache, Department of Neurology,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Head of
Research, The BMJ, London, UK Elizabeth W. Unlike embedded literature reviews, which appear as
part of a larger piece of work, stand-alone literature reviews are a self-contained piece of writing that
can be read on their own (Figure A.2). Once researchers have selected a topic, the first step in their
research methodology is often the stand-alone literature review. We thank the following contributors
who provided feedback on a preliminary version of the PRISMA 2020 checklist: Jo Abbott, Fionn
Buttner, Patricia Correia-Santos, Victoria Freeman, Emily A Hennessy, Rakibul Islam, Amalia
(Emily) Karahalios, Kasper Krommes, Andreas Lundh, Dafne Port Nascimento, Davina Robson,
Catherine Schenck-Yglesias, Mary M Scott, Sarah Tanveer and Pavel Zhelnov. A wide search means
that not all search results will be relevant. You will also need a title and an abstract to summarize
your research. Nurses' sources of information to inform clinical practice: An integrative review to
guide evidence-based practice. Please include availability, topic and phone number. Res Integr Peer
Rev. 2019;4:12.. Blanco D, Altman D, Moher D, Boutron I, Kirkham JJ, Cobo E. Watson, 2002),
they are less common in software engineer-. Systematic Reviews: Step 8: Write the Review You will:
Review the reporting standards you will use, such as PRISMA. Suggestion. A shift from an up-front
design to up-front analysis. CDS has an expanding potential to augment decision-making across
roles by providing nurses with meaningful, person-specific information in a usable format to
positively impact care and outcomes. Review the PRISMA checklist to see which items you should
report in your methods section. For example, researchers may look only at randomized controlled
trials or they may include cohort studies in addition to RCTs. They are usually one of the first steps
in research methodologies. Accuracy in detecting inadequate research reporting by early career peer
reviewers using an online CONSORT-based peer-review tool (COBPeer) versus the usual peer-
review process: a cross-sectional diagnostic study. BMC Med. 2019;17:205.. Wayant C, Page MJ,
Vassar M. Psychometric reviews assess the quality of health measurement tools so that the best
instrument can be selected for use. To capture these advances in the reporting of systematic reviews
necessitated an update to the PRISMA 2009 statement. Rather than examining the topic itself,
historiography is the study of how historical topics have been examined over time by other historians.
There are a number of tools that can be used to ensure compliance with reporting guidelines. Scoping
Reviews Scoping reviews typically focus on a broader research question (compared to systematic
reviews) and may include quantitative and qualitative studies in the analysis. You have now
completed your PRISMA flow diagram, unless you have also performed searches in non-database
sources. Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks. Loder Department of
Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington,
Bloomington, Indiana, USA Evan Mayo-Wilson Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK Luke A. Definition A systematic literature review is a summary,
analysis, and evaluation of all the existing research on a well-formulated and specific question. The
images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons
licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. SLRs differ from stand-alone
literature reviews because they follow a rigorous review protocol that is objective and comprehensive
so other researchers may replicate the work. In a situation where there are conflicting findings, it is
not possible to determine which results are reliable. Diagnostic test accuracy reviews produce a
summary of diagnostic test performance so that their accuracy can be determined before use by
healthcare professionals. Version 2 includes additional sections for elaborating on other sources that
you have located, such as searches on websites (like Google Scholar) or in citation lists.