Appendix Table I. Areas under the standard Normal Curve from Oto Z.

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09

.0080 .0120 .0160 .0199 .0239 .0279 .0319 .0359

0.0 .0000 .0040
.0393 .0438 .0478 .0517 .0557 .0596 .0636 .0675 .0714 .0753
0.1
.0871 .0910 .0948 .0987 .1026 .1064 .1103 .1141
0.2 .0793 .0832
.1179 .1217 .1255 .1293 .1331 .1368 .1406 .1443 .1480 .1517
0.3
.1554 .1591 .1628 .1664 .1700 .1736 .1772 .1308 .1844 .1879
0.4

.1915 .1950 .1985 .2019 2054 .2088 .2123 .2157 2190 2224
0.5
.2291 .2324 2357 .2389 .2422 .2454 .2486 2517 2549
0.6 .2257
.2611 .2642 .2673 .2704 .2734 .2764 .2794 .2823 2852
0.7 2580
2881 .2910 .2939 .2967 2995 .3023 .3051 .3078 .3106 3133
0.8
.3238 .3264 .3289 .3315 .3340 .3365 .3389
0.9 .3159 .3186 3212

.3438 .3461 .3485 .3508 .3531 .3554 .3557 .3599 3621

1.0 .3413
.3665 .3686 .3708 .3729 .3749 .3770 .3790 .3810 3830
1.1 3643
3849 3869 .3888 .3907 .3925 .3944 .3962 .3890 .3997 4015
1.2
4082 4099 4115 .4131 .4147 .4162 .4177
1.3 .4032 4049 4066
.4207 4222 .4236 4251 4265 4279 .4292 .4306 4319
14 4192

4382 4394 .4406 .4418 4429 4441

1.5 4332 4345 4357 4370
4474 4484 4495 4505 .4515 .4525 4535 4545
1.6 4452 4463
4564 4573 4582 4591 4599 4608 4816 4625 4633
1.7 4554
4656 .4664 4671 .4678 .4686 4893 4699 4706
1.8 4641 4649
.4738 4744 .4750 .4756 4761 4767
1.9 4713 4719 4726 4732
.4788 4793 4798 4803 4808 4812 4817
2.0 4772 4778 .4783
4826 .4830 4834 4838 4842 4846 .4350 4854 4857
2.1 4821
4868 .4871 4875 4878 .4881 4884 4887 4890
2.2 4861 4864
.4901 4904 4906 4909 4911 4913 4916
2.3 4893 4896 4898
4922 .4925 4927 .4929 4931 .4932 4934 4936
24 4913 4920

.4943 4945 4946 4948 4949 4951 4952

2.5 4938 4940 4941
4957 4959 4960 .4961 4962 .4963 .4964
2.6 4953 4955 4956
4968 4969 4970 .4971 4972 4973 4974
2.7 4965 4966 4967
4977 4977 4978 4979 4979 4980 4981
2.8 4974 4975 4976
4983 4984 4984 4985 4985 4986 4986
2.9 A981 4982 4982

4987 4988 4987 4988 4989 4989 4989 .4990 4990

3.0 4987
4991 4991 .4991 .4992 4992 4992 4992 .4993 4993
3.1 4990
4994 4994 .4994 4994 .4994 4995 4995 4995
3.2 4993 4993
.4996 4996 4996 4996 4996 .4996 .4997
3.3 4995 4995 4995
4997 4997 4997 4997 4997 .4997 .4997 4997 4997 4998
3.4

4998 4998 4998 .4998 .4998 4998 4998 4998

3.5 4998 4998
4998 4999 4999 .4999 4999 4999 .4999 4999
3.6 .4998 4999
4999 4999 .4999 4999 4999 .4999 4999
3.7 .4999 4999 4999
4999 4999 .4999 4999 .4999 .4999 4999 .4999 4999
3.B .4999
.5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000
3.9 .5000
 . dfe 120
60 40 30 29 28 27 2¬ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 8 7 5 3 2
Appendix
= =
levelerror
ted .253 .254 254 255 .256 .256 .256 .256 .256 256 .256 .256 .256 .257 .257 257 .257 257 258 258 258 .259 259 .260 .260 .261 .262 .263 .265 .267 .271 .277 .289 325 40
of
degrees
ficance Table
from .703 .706 .711 .718 .727 .741 .765 .8161.000
of .674 .677 .679 .681 .683 .683 .683 .684 .684 .684 .685 .685 .686 .686 .687 .688 .688 .689 .690 691 .692 .694 .695 .697 .700
.25
rikafreedom 2.
Percentage
1.2821.2891.2961.3031.310 1.3111.3131.3141.3151.316 1.3181.3191.3211.3231.325 1.3281.3301.3331.3371.341 1.3451.3501.3561.3631.372 1.3831.3971.4151.4401.476 1.5331.6381.8863.078
, .10
bles
1.6451.6581.6711.6841.697 1.6991.7011.7031.7061.708 1.7111.7141.7171.7211.725 1.7291.7341.7401.7461.753 1.7611.7711.7821.7961.812 1.8331.8601.8951.9432.015 2.1322.3532.9206.314
for .05
ns, Points
. 12.706
1.9601.9802.0002.0212.042 2.0452.0482.0522.0562.060 2.0642.0692.0742.0302.036 2.0932.1012.1102.1202.131 2.1452.1602.1792.2012.228 2.2622.3062.3652.4472.571 2.7763.1824.303
.025
of
ol.1, the
31.821
2.3262.3582.3902.4232.457 2.4622.4672.4732.4792.485 2.4922.5002.5082.5182.528 2.5392.5522.5672.5832.602 2.6242.6502.6812.7182.764 2.8212.8962.9983.1433.365 3.7474.5416.965
3" .01
t
Distribution
tion,
63.657
2.5762.6172.6602.7042.750 2.7562.7632.7712.7792.787 2.7972.8072.8192.8312.845 2.8612.8782.8982.9212.947 2.9773.0123.0553.1063.169 3.2503.3553.4993.7074.032 4.6045.8419.925
.005
by
E.S.
127.321
14.089
son 2.8072.8602.9152.9713.030 3.0383.0473.0573.0673.078 3.0913.1043.1193.1353.153 3.1743.1973.2223.2523.286 3.3263.3723.4283.4973.581 3.6903.8334.0294.3174.773 5.5987.453 .0025

and 10.2103 318.31

3.0903.1603.2323.3073.385 3.3963.4083.4213.4353.450 3.4673.4853.5053.5273.552 3.5793.5103.5463.5863.733 3.7873.9523.9304.0254.144 4.2974.5014.7855.2085.893 7.173 23.326
H.O. .001

tley.
636.62
31.598
12.924
3.2913.3733.4603.5513.646 3.6593.6743.6903.7073.725 3.7453.7673.7923.8193.850 3.8833.9223.9654.0154.073 4.1404.2214.3184.4374.587 4.7815.0415.4085.9596.869 8.610 .0005
 Appendix Table 3. Percentage Points (a=0.25) of the FDistribution".
Degrees of freedom for the Numerator (V.)
dfe 2 3 5 7 8 10 12 15 20 24 30 40 60 120
1 5.83 7.50 8.20 8.58 8.82 8.98 9.10 9.19 9.26 9.32 9.41 9.49 9.58 9.63 9.67 9.71 9.76 9.80 9.85
2 2.57 3.00 3.15 3.23 3.28 3.31 3.34 3.35 3.37 3.38 3.39 3.41 3.43 3.43 3.44 3.45 3.46 3.47 3.48
3 2.02 2.28 2.35 2.39 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.45 2,46 2.46 2.46 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47
4 1.81 2.00 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08 2.08
1.69 1.85 1.88 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.98 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.88 1.87 1.87 1.87
1.626 1.76 1.78 1.79 1.79 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.77 1.77 1.77 1.76 1.76 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.74 1.74 1.74
7
(2) 8 1.57 1.70 1.72 1.72 1.71 1.71 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.69 1.68 1.68 1.67 1.67 1.66 1.66 1.65 1.65 1.65
1.54 1.66 1.67 1.66 1.66 1.65 1.84 1.64 1.63 1.63 1.62 1.62 1.61 1.60 1.60 1.59 1.59 1.58 1.58
Denominator
1.51 1.62 1.63 1.63 1.62 1.61 1.80 1.60 1.59 1.59 1.58 1.57 1.56 1.56 1.55 1.54 1.54 1.53 1.53
10 1.49 1.60 1.60 1.59 1.59 1.58 1.57 1.56 1.56 1.55 1.54 1.53 1.52 1.52 1.51 1.51 1.50 1.49 1.48
11 1.47 1.58 1.58 1.57 1.56 1.55 1.54 1.53 1.53 1.52 1.51 1.50 1.49 1.49 1.48 1.47 1.47 1.46 1.45
12 1.46 1.56 1.56 1.55 1.54 1.53 1.52 1.51 1.51 1.50 1.49 1.48 1.47 1.46 1.45 1.45 1.44 1.43 1.42
13 1.45 1.55 1.55 1.53 1.52 1.51 1.50 1.49 1.49 1.48 1.47 1.46 1.45 1.44 1,43 1.42 1.42 1.41 1.40
14 1.44 1.53 1.53 1.52 1.51 1.50 1.49 1,48
the 1.47 1.46 1.45 1.44 1.43 1.42 1.41 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38

for 15 1.43 1.52 1.52 1.51 1.49 1.48 1.47 1.46 1.46 1.45 1.44 1.43 1.41 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36
16 1.42 1.51 1.51 1.50 1.48 1.47 1.46 1.45 1.44 1.44 1.43 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36
Freedom
17 1.42 1.51 1.50 149 1.47 1.46 1.45 1.44 1.43 1.43 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.35
1.35 1.34
18 1.41 1.50
1.34 1.33
1.49 1.48 1.46 1.45 1.44 1.43 1.42 1.42 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.35 1.34 1.33 1.32
19 1.41 1.49 1.49 1.47 1.46 1.44 1.43 1.42 1.41 1.41 1.40 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.35 1.34 1.33 1.32 1.30
of 20 1.4) 1.49 1.48 1.47 1.45 1.44 1.43 1.42 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.37 1.36 1.35 1.34 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.29
Degrees 1.4)
21 1.48 1.48 146 1.44 1.43 1.42 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.35 1.34 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.30 1.28
22 1.4) 1.48 1.47 1.45 1.44 1.42 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.39 1.37 1.36 1.34 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.30 1.29 1.28
23 1.39 1.47 1.47 145 1,43 1.42 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.35 1.34 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.30 1.28 1.27
24 1.39 1.47 1.46 144 1.43 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.38 1.36 1.35 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.30 1.29 1.28 1.26
25 1.39 1.47 1.46 1.44 1.42 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.34 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.29 1.28 1.27 1.25
26 1.38 1.46 1.45 144 1.42 1.41 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.37 1.35 1.34 1.32 1.31 1.30 1.29 1.23 1.26 1.25
27 1.33 1.46 1.45 143 1.42 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.35 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.30 1.28 1.27 1.26 1.24
28 1.33 1.46 1.45 143 1.41 1.40 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.34 1.33 1.31 1.30 1.29 1.28 1.27 1.25 1.24
29 1.33 1.45 1.45 1.43 1.41 1.40 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.35 1.34 1.32 1.31 1.30 1.29 1.27 1.26 1.25 1.23
30 1.38 1.45 1.44 142 1.41 1.39 1.38 1.37 1.36 1.35 1.34 1.32 1.30 1.29 1.28 1.27 1.26 1.24 1.23
40 1.36 1.44 1.42 140 1.39 1.37 1.36 1.35 1.34 1.33 1.31 1.30 1.28 1.26 1.25 1.24 1.22 1.21 1.19
60 1.35 1.42 1.41 1.38 1.37 1.35 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.30 1.29 1.27 1.25 1.24 1.22 1.21 1.19 1.17 1.15
120 1.34 1.40 1.39 1.37 1.35 1.33 1.31 1.30 1.29 1.28 1.26 1.24 1.22 1.21
1.32 1.19 1.18 1.16 1.13 1.10
1.39 1.37 1.35 1.33 1.31 1.29 1.28 1.27 1.25 1.24 1.22 1.19 1,18 1.16 1.14 1.12 1.08 1.00
dfe error degrees of freedom
Adapted from Biometrika Tables for Statisticians, Vol.1, 3d Edition, by E.S. Pearson and H.0. Hartley.
Cambridge, 1986. Cambridge University Press.
 Appendix
1

2Table
NNN 3 3.
Percentage

252

Points

(a
NN N
=0.10)

Degraes
of
e
thof
traedon
F
Distribution
10 for
the
1.89 Nurnerator
(V,)
12

(continued)
15

3.84
20

1.38

30

1.54
4

88R
APpendix Table 3. Percentage Points (a = 0.06)of the F Distribution (continued)
Degries of treedorn for the Numerator (V,)
2 3 7 9 10 12 15 20 2 36 120

215.7 234.0 236.8 238.9 240.5 241.9 243.9 245.9 248.0 249.1 250.
19.35 19.37 19.38 19.40 19.41 19.43 19.46 19.47 19.48
10.13 8.85 8.81 8.74 8.70 8.62 8.59
7.71 6.04 5.91
8

1.61 1.55 1.55

1.83 1.52 1.39
8
 seaußeg ope Jeujwoee
o (M)

Appendix
1

Table

3.
Percentage

Points

(a
e
0.025)
39.37 956. Degrees
8.9814.54
ares of
39.40
39.39
39.41963.3 the f
8.9014.47 of
ftreedorn
F
Distributlon
968.6
976.7
3.9 6.62 8.8414.42 for
466
tne
Numerator
8.7514.34
13
(V,
(continued)
1.83
1.71 8.56
8.51 984.9 )
15

367 4.00 14.1739.45 993.

4.47 5.17 6.33 20

NN N

8.46
8.36
8.41

8
1006

13.99
13.95 1010

39.49 1014
8.31 120

1.81
 Appendix Table 3. Percentage Points (a =0.01) of the F Distribution (continued)
Degrees of freedorn for the Numerator (V,)

1 2 3 5 6 7 10 12 15 20 24 30 40 60 120
1 4052 4999 5403 5625 5764 5859 5928 5981 6022 $056 6106 6157 6208 6234 6261 6287 6313 6339 6366
2 98.50 99.00 99.17 99.25 99.30 99.33 99.36 99.37 99.39 99.40 99.42 99.43 99.45 99.46 99.47 99.47 99.49 99.49 99.50
3 34.12 30.82 29.46 28.71 23.24 27.91 27.67 27.49 27.34 27.23 27.05 26.87 26.69 26.60 26.50 26.41 26.12 26.22 26.12
4 21.20 18.00 16.69 15.98 15.52 15.21 14.98 14.80 14.66 14.55 14.37 14.20 14.02 13.93 13.83 13.74 13.65 13.56 13.46
5 16.26 13.27 12.06 11.39 10.97 10.67 10.46 10.29 10.15 10.05 9.39 9.72 9.55 9.47 9.38 9.29 9.20 9.11 9.02
(2) 6 13.75 10.92 9.78 9.15 3.75 8.47 8.26 8.10 7.98 7.87 7.72 7.56 7.40 7.31 7.23 7.14 7.06 6.97 6.88
7 12.25 9.55 845 7.85 7.46 7.19 7.00 6.84 6.71 6.62 6.47 6.31 6.16 6.07 5.99 5.91 5.82 5.74 5.65
Denominator
11.26 8.65 7.59 7.01 5.63 6.37 6.18 6.03 5.91 5.81 5.57 5.52 5.36 5.28 5.20 5.12 5.03 4.95 4.86
10.56 8.02 6.99 642 3.06 5.80 5.61 5.47 5.35 5.26 5.11 4.96 4.81 4.73 4.65 4.57 4.48 4.40 4.31

10 10.04 7.56 6.55 5.99 5.64 5.39 5.21 5.06 4.94 4.85 4.71 4.56 4.41 4.33 4.25 4.17 4.08 4.00 3.91
11 9.65 7.21 6.22 5.67 5.32 5.07 4.88 4.74 4.63 4.54 4.40 4.25 4.10 4.02 3.94 3.86 3.78 3.69 3.60
12 9.33 6.93 5.95 5.41 5.06 4.82 4.65 4.50 4.39 4.30 4.16 4.01 3.86 3.78 3.70 3.62 3.54 3.45 3.36
the 13 9.07 6.70 5.74 5.21 4.86 4.62 4.44 4.30 4.19 4.10 3.96 3.82 3.66 3.59 3.51 3.43 3.34 3.25 3.17
14 8.86 6.51 5.56 5.04 4.69 4.46 4.28 4.14 4.03 3.94 3.30 3.66 3.51 3.43 3.35 3.27 3.18 3.09 3.00
for
15 8.68 6.36 5.42 489 4.56 4.32 4.14 4.00 3.89 3.80 3.57 3.52 3.37 3.29 3.21 3.13 3.05 2.96 2.87
Freedom
16 8.53 623 5.29 4.77 4.44 4.20 4.03 3.89 3.78 3.69 3.55 3.41 3.26 3.18 3.10 3.02 2.93 2.84 2.75
17 8.40 6.11 5.18 467 4.34 4.10 3.93 3.79 3.68 3.59 3.46 3.31 3.16 3.08 3.00 2.92 2.83 2.75 2.65
18 8.29 6.01 5.09 4.58 4.25 4.01 3.85 3.71 3.60 3.51 3.37 3.23 3.08 3.00 2.92 2.84 2.75 2.66 2.57
19 8.18 5.93 5.01 4.50 4.17 3.94 3.77 3.63 3.52 3.43 3.30 3.15 3.00 2.92 2.84 2.76 2.67 2.58 2.49
of
Degrees
20 8.10 5.85 4.94 4.43 4.10 3.87 3.71 3.56 3.45 3.37 3.23 3.09 2.94 2.86 2.78 2.69 2.61 2.52 2.42
21 8.02 5.78 4.87 4.37 4.04 3.81 3.65 3.51 3.40 3.31 3.17 3.03 2.88 2.80 2.72 2.64 2.55 2.46 2.36
22 7.95 5.72 4.82 4.31 3.99 3.76 3.59 3.45 3.35 3.26 3.12 2.98 2.83 2.75 2.67 2.58 2.50 2.40 2.31
23 7.88 5.66 4.76 4.26 3.94 3.71 3.54 3.41 3.30 3.21 3.07 2.93 2.78 2.70 2.62 2.54 2.45 2.35 2.26
7.82 5.61 4.72 4.22 3.90 3.67 3.50 3.36 3.25 3.17 3.03 2.89 2.74 2.66 2.58 2.49 2.40 2.31 2.21

25 7.77 5.57 4.68 4.18 3.85 3.63 3.46 3.32 3.21 3.13 2.99 2.85 2.70 2.82 2.54 2.45 2.36 2.27 2.17
26 7.72 5.53 4.64 4.14 3.82 3.59 3.42 3.29 3.18 3.09 2.96 2.81 2.66 2.58 2.50 2.42 2.33 2.23 2.13
27 7.68 5.49 4.60 411 3.78 3.56 3.39 3.26 3.15 3.06 2.93 2.78 2.63 2.55 2.47 2.38 2.29 2.20 2.10
28 7.64 5.45 4.57 4.07 3.75 3.53 3.36 3.23 3.12 3.03 2.90 2.75 2.60 2.52 2.44 2.35 2.26 2.17 2.06
29 7.60 5.42 4.54 4.04 3.73 3.50 3.33 3.20 3.08 3.00 2.37 2.73 2.57 2.49 2.41 2.33 2.23 2.14 2.03

30 7.56 5.39 4.51 4.02 3.70 3.47 3.30 3.17 3.07 2.98 2.84 2.70 2.55 2.47 2.39 2.30 2.21 2.11 2.01
40 7.31 5.18 4.31 3.83 3.51 3.29 3.12 2.99 2.89 2.80 2.66 2.52 2.37 2.29 2.20 2.11 2.02 1.92 1.80
60 7.08 4.98 4.13 3.65 3.34 3.12 2.95 2.82 2.72 2.63 2.50 2.35 2.20 2.12 2.03 1.94 1.84 1.73 1.60
120 6.85 4.79 3.95 3.48 3.17 2.96 2.79 2.66 2.56 2.47 2.34 2.19 2.03 1.95 1.86 1.76 1.66 1.53 1.38
6.63 4.60 3.78 3.32 3.02 2.80 2.64 2.51 2.41 2.32 2.18 2.04 1.88 1.79 1.70 1.59 1.47 1.32 1.00