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Research Chart

The document summarizes key aspects of research methods in education, including definitions, characteristics, ethics, and typical steps. It provides definitions of research from several authors, noting it involves a combination of experience and reasoning to discover truth. Research is described as a systematic, empirical, and self-correcting process. Key differences between quantitative and qualitative approaches are outlined relating to sample sizes, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques. Common ethical principles of informed consent, avoiding harm, and transparency are also summarized. Finally, the document lists typical steps in the research process from developing questions to analyzing and disseminating findings.

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joellemeew
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14 views

Research Chart

The document summarizes key aspects of research methods in education, including definitions, characteristics, ethics, and typical steps. It provides definitions of research from several authors, noting it involves a combination of experience and reasoning to discover truth. Research is described as a systematic, empirical, and self-correcting process. Key differences between quantitative and qualitative approaches are outlined relating to sample sizes, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques. Common ethical principles of informed consent, avoiding harm, and transparency are also summarized. Finally, the document lists typical steps in the research process from developing questions to analyzing and disseminating findings.

Uploaded by

joellemeew
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESEARCH

Research Methods in Education Educational Research: Planning, Conducting and Educational Research: Quantitative,
Evaluating Qualitative and Mixed Approaches

Definition by Borg 1963: Research is a combination of both Creswell 2012: Research is a process in which you Johnson & Christensen 2017: Research is
Authors experience and reasoning and must be engage in a small set of logical steps. conducted in an attempt to provide
regarded as the most successful approach to Research is a process of steps used to collect and answers to important questions.
the discovery of truth. analyze information to increase our
Educational research has absorbed several understanding of a topic or issue.
competing views of the social sciences.

Hypothesis Central prediction about the relationship Tentative statement tested through research. Assumed answer to research question,
between variables often used in quantitative studies.

Characteristics Quantitative Research: Systematic investigation focused on


Kerlinger (1970) Research has three - Describing a research problem through a generating actionable insights for business
characteristics of problem-solving identified description of trends or a need for an and innovation. Emphasizes mixed
earlier, namely, experience: explanation of the relationship among variables methods and practical application.
- Providing a major role for the literature through
- First, research is systematic and controlled, suggesting the research questions to be asked and
basing its operations on the justifying the research problem and creating a need
inductive-deductive model outlined above. for purpose statement and research questions or
- Second, research is empirical. The scientist hypotheses of the study.
turns to experience for validation. As Kerlinger - Creating purpose statements, research questions,
(1970) subjective, personal belief has to have and hypotheses that are specific,
a reality check against objective, empirical facts narrow, measurable, and observable.
and tests. - Collecting numeric data from a large number of
Third, research is self-correcting. Scientific people using instruments with preset questions and
methods have built-in mechanisms to protect responses.
scientists from error. - Analyzing trends, comparing groups, or relating
variables using statistical analysis, and interpreting
results by comparing them with prior predictions

Research - 202071028
and past research.
Qualitative Research:
- Exploring a problem and developing a detailed
understanding of a central phenomenon.
- Having the literature review play a minor role but
justify the problem.
- Stating the purpose and research questions in a
general and broad way so as to the participants’
experiences.
- Collecting data based on words from a small
number of individuals so that the participants’ views
are obtained.
- Analyzing the data for description and themes
using text analysis and interpreting the larger
meaning of the findings.

Ethics Informed consent, confidentiality, data Informed consent, participant respect, responsible Responsible data collection/analysis,
accuracy, avoiding harm. data collection/analysis, transparency. avoiding harm, conflicts of interest
disclosure, transparency.

Steps 1. Define research questions. 1. Formulate research questions. 1. Identify problem or opportunity.
2. Select research design. 2. Select research design. 2. Develop
3. Collect data. 3. Collect data. researchvquestions/hypotheses.
4. Analyze data. 4. Analyze data. 3. Select research design.
5. Disseminate finding 5. Draw conclusions. 4. Collect and analyze data
6. Share results. 5. Interpret findings and draw
conclusions.
6. Communicate results and
recommendations.

Research - 202071028

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