Scribd
Upload
9 views

Basic Assessment

Initial approach involves 3 phases: 1. Rapid assessment to quickly check for life threats and abnormalities. 2. Primary assessment to measure vitals and confirm consciousness if no dangers found. 3. Secondary assessment examines patient fully through SAMPLE history and physical exam from head to toe.

Uploaded by

pothearyvin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views

Basic Assessment

Initial approach involves 3 phases: 1. Rapid assessment to quickly check for life threats and abnormalities. 2. Primary assessment to measure vitals and confirm consciousness if no dangers found. 3. Secondary assessment examines patient fully through SAMPLE history and physical exam from head to toe.

Uploaded by

pothearyvin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

INITIAL APPROACH TOPIC 1

When patient arrive


What should you do first, and what
should you do next?
Almost all patient are not severe but
some patient are severe.
You have to judge your patient
whether severe or not.
This section, we will review about
initial approach for all patient.

Keyword

1. Rapid assessment
2. Primary assessment
3. Secondary assessment
4. ABCDE assessment
5. SAMPLE history
What is Initial approach? Initial approach

Physical Worsening Change in


Loss of
condition
change
of
symptoms
respiration
circulation
Shock consciousness

CPA

Notice before CPA !!

How the patient's condition changes


Before coming life threatening, patient has several sign.
First, patient feels something discomfortable. (Symptom).
If disease is severe, patient condition gradually get worse.
If you don’t care this situation, patient’s respiration or circulation may get worse.
Then, patient become shock.
When patient become shock, it is hard to cure quickly and easy to become worse.
In this condition, patient may become alter mental status and may become CPA (Cardiopulmonary arrest)
Before this changing, we should notice patient severity.
Initial approach Initial approach

Initial approach
There are 3 phase to take initial approach.
First, check by Rapid assessment.
We check patient condition quickly whether patient is life threatening or not.
If patient has no danger sign, you can check by Primary assessment, Secondary assessment.

Rapid assessment

Primary assessment

Secondary assessment
Rapid assessment Initial approach

Rapid assessment

Rapid assessment is approach maneuver when you get


touch to patient.
Assessment performed in the first few seconds when you
first contact to patient.
Basically, the time you don’t need to use any materials.
Obtain the first impression as soon as possible
ABCDE check while performing the initial correspondence
and support request.
If patient has something abnormal findings while rapid
assessment, patient has danger sign.
Patient may need CPR or emergency procedure.

ABCDE approach

Evaluate the ABCDE by a simple method as soon as possible


Abnormalities of AD if there is no voice
Observation of B with checking patient's neck and chest
movement
Observation of C and E with touching peripheral skin and
A：Airway pulse by hand
B：Breathing Convey the findings to the staff

C：Circulation
→Review in detail by trauma
D：Dysfunction of CNS
E：Exposure & Environmental control
Rapid assessment Initial approach

Primary assessment
(No danger sign)
Measurement of vital signs
Confirmation of the state of consciousness
Mounting of the monitor (ECG, SpO2)

Primary assessment
(With danger sign)
Measurement of vital signs
Confirmation of the state of consciousness
Mounting of the monitor (12 lead ECG, SpO2)
Provide oxygen
Ensure the intravenous line

Call for help !!


Secondary assessment Initial approach

Secondary assessment
Start after Primary assessment and vital signs are stable

Hearing of history confirm by SAMPLE history

Examine from head to toe by watching, listening,


and touching

SAMPLE history

S: Signs & Symptoms


A: Allergy
M: Medication
P: Past history and Pregnancy
L: Last meal
E: Events and Environment

Hearing of history
Confirm by SAMPLE history
SAMPLE history Initial approach

S: Signs & Symptoms


Signs are the things you can see about the patient’s condition.
Symptoms are what the patient tells you about his condition.

A: Allergy
Is the patient allergic to medications, food, or other substances?

M: Medication
What medications is the patient currently taking?
Make sure to ask about over-the-counter medications, herbal
medications, and supplements that the patient may be taking.

P: Past history and Pregnancy


Does the patient have any pertinent medical history?
Anything that the patient may feel is applicable to the current
illness or injury?

L: Last meal
When did the patient last eat or drink?

E: Events and Environment


What events lead to this incident?
What were you doing just before the event happened or
started?

You might also like