Waves Motion

Single Correct Type Questions 5. In the wave equation

2π
1. Which of the following equations represents a traveling
= y 0.5sin ( 400t − x ) m
wave? [24 Feb, 2021 (Shift-II)] λ

(a) y = A sinx cosωt the velocity of the wave will be: [28 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]
(b) y = Asin(15x –2t) (a) 200 m/s
(c) y = Aex cos(ωt – θ)
2 (b) 200 2 m/s
(d) y = Ae–x (vt + θ)
(c) 400 m/s
2. A travelling harmonic wave is represented by the equation
y(x, t) = 10–3sin(50t + 2x), where x and y are in meter and t (d) 400 2 m/s
is in seconds. Which of the following is a correct statement
6. Equation of travelling wave on a stretched string of linear
about the wave? [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
density 5 g/m is y = 0.03 sin (450 t – 9x) where distance
(a) The wave is propagating along the negative x-axis and time are measured in SI units. The tension in the
with speed 25 ms–1. string is: [11 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
(b) The wave is propagating along the positive x-axis
(a) 10 N (b) 7.5 N (c) 12.5 N (d) 5 N
with speed 100 ms–1.
7. The equations of two waves are given by:
(c) The wave is propagating along the positive x-axis
with speed 25 ms–1. y1 = 5sin2π(x – vt) cm
(d) The wave is propagating along the negative x-axis y2 = 3sin2π(x – vt + 1.5) cm
with speed 100 ms–1. These waves are simultaneously passing through a string.
3. A steel wire with mass per unit length 7.0 × 10–3 kg is The amplitude of the resulting wave is:
under tension of 70 N. The speed of transverse waves in  [24 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
the wire will be: [01 Feb, 2023 (Shift-I)]
(a) 2 cm (b) 4 cm
(a) 200 p m/s (b) 100 m/s
(c) 5.8cm (d) 8 cm
(c) 10 m/s (d) 50 m/s
8. Three harmonic waves having equal frequency v and same
4. A travelling wave is described by the equation π π
intensity I0, have phase angles 0, and – respectively.
=y ( x, t ) 0.05sin ( 8 x − 4t )  m 4 4
The velocity of the wave is: [all the quantities are in When they are superimposed the intensity of the resultant
SI unit] [24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)] wave is close to [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]

(a) 4 ms–1 (b) 2 ms–1 (a) 5.8 I0 (b) 3 I0

(c) I0 (d) 0.2 I0
(c) 0.5 ms–1 (d) 8 ms–1

1 JEE PYQs Physics

 9. The correct figure that shows, schematically, the wave 14. A string is clamped at both the ends and it is vibrating in
pattern produced by superposition of two waves of its 4th harmonic. The equation of the stationary wave is
frequencies 9 Hz and 11 Hz is:[10 April, 2019 (Shift-II)] Y = 0.3 sin(0.157x) cos(200πt). The length of the string
is: (All quantities are in SI units.)
 [9 April, 2019 (Shift-I)]
(a)
(a) 20 m (b) 80 m
(c) 60 m (d) 40 m
15. The ratio of speed of sound in hydrogen gas to the speed
of sound in oxygen gas at the same temperature is:
(b)
[06 April, 2023 (Shift-II)]
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 1 : 4 (d) 1 : 1
16. In a resonance tube experiment when the tube is filled with
water up to a height of 17.0 cm from bottom, it resonates
(c) with a given tuning fork. When the water level is raised the
next resonance with the same tuning fork occurs at a height
of 24.5 cm. If the velocity of sound in air is 330 m/s, the
tuning fork frequency is [05 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)]
(d) (a) 2200 Hz (b) 3300 Hz
(c) 1100 Hz (d) 550 Hz
17. A closed organ pipe has a fundamental frequency of
10. Two coherent sources produce waves of different
intensities which interfere. After interference, the ratio of 1.5 kHz. The number of overtones that can be distinctly
the maximum intensity to the minimum intensity is 16. heard by a person with this organ pipe will be: (Assume
The intensity of the waves are in the ratio that the highest frequency a person can hear is 20,000 Hz)
 [9 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]  [10 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
(a) 16 : 9 (b) 25 : 9 (a) 6 (b) 4
(c) 4 : 1 (d) 5 : 3
(c) 7 (d) 5
11. Two identical strings X and Z made of same material have
tension Tx and Tz in then if their fundamental frequencies Integer Type Questions
are 450 Hz and 300 Hz, respectively, then the ratio
Tx/Tz is: [2 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)] 18. The amplitude of wave disturbance propagating in the
(a) 1.25 (b) 2.25 1
(c) 1.5 (d) 0.44 positive x-direction is given by y = at t = 0 and
1 + ( x) 2
1
12. A wire of length L and mass per unit length 6.0 × 10–3 kg m–1 y= at t = 1s, where x and y are in metres. The
is put under tension of 540 N. Two consecutive frequencies 1 + ( x − 2) 2
that it resonates at are 420 Hz and 490 Hz. Then L in shape of wave does not change during the propagation.
meters is: [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)] The velocity of the wave will be ________ m /s.
(a) 1.1 m (b) 5.1 m  [20 July, 2021 (Shift-I)]
(c) 2.1 m (d) 8.1 m
13. A wire of length 2L, is made by joining two wires A and 19. A guitar string of length 90 cm vibrates with a fundamental
B of same lengths but different radii r and 2r and made of frequency of 120 Hz. The length of the string producing a
the same material. It is vibrating at a frequency such that fundamental frequency of 180 Hz will be _________ cm.
the joint of the two wires forms a node. If the number of  [08 April, 2023 (Shift-II)]
anti-nodes in wire A is p and that in B is q then the ratio
p : q is: [8 April, 2019 (Shift-I)] 20. In an experiment with sonometer when a mass of 180 g is
attached to the string, it vibrates with fundamental frequency
of 30 Hz. When a mass m is attached, the string vibrates with
(a) 4 : 9 (b) 3 : 5 fundamental frequency of 50 Hz. The value of m is ______ g.
(c) 1 : 4 (d) 1 : 2  [13 April, 2023 (Shift-II)]

2 JEE PYQs Physics

 21. A wire of length 30 cm, stretched between rigid supports, 27. A tunning fork of frequency 340 Hz resonates in the
has it’s nth and (n + 1)th harmonics at 400 Hz and 450 Hz, fundamental mode with a air column of length 125 cm
respectively. If tension in the string is 2700 N, it’s linear in a cylindrical tube closed at one end. When water is
mass density is _______kg/m.[27 July, 2022 (Shift-II)] slowly poured in it, the minimum height of water required
22. The percentage increase in the speed of transverse waves for observing resonance once again is ________cm.
produced in a stretched string if the tension is increased (Velocity of sound in air is 340 ms–1)
by 4%, will be ……..%. [25 Feb, 2021 (Shift-II)]  [28 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
23. A wire having a linear mass density 9.0 × 10–4 kg/m is 28. A closed organ pipe of length L and an open organ pipe
stretched between two rigid supports with a tension of contain gases of densities r1 and r2 respectively.
900 N. The wire resonates at a frequency of 500 Hz. The The compressibility of gases are equal in both the pipes.
next higher frequency at which the same wire resonates Both the pipes are vibrating in their first overtone with
is 550 Hz. The length of the wire is ______ m.
x ρ
same frequency. The length of the open pipe is L 1
 [31 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)] 3 ρ2
24. Two travelling waves produces a standing wave where x is (Round off to the Nearest Integer)
represented by equation, y = 1.0 mm cos (1.57 cm–1) x  [16 March, 2021 (Shift-II)]
sin (78.5s–1)t. The node closest to the origin in the region
29. A stationary tuning fork is in resonance with an air column
x > 0 will be at x = _____ cm. [26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)]
in a pipe. If the tuning fork is moved with a speed of
25. For a certain organ pipe, the first three resonance
frequencies are in the ratio of 1 : 3 : 5 respectively. If the 2 ms–1 in front of the open end of the pipe and parallel to it,
frequency of fifth harmonic is 405 Hz and the speed of the length of the pipe should be changed for the resonance
sound in air is 324 ms–1 the length of the organ pipe is to occur with the moving tuning fork. If the speed of sound
__________ m . [12 April, 2023 (Shift-I)] in air is 320 ms–1, the smallest value of the percentage
26. In an experiment to determine the velocity of sound in change required in the length of the pipe is______.
air at room temperature using a resonance tube, the first  [JEE Adv, 2020]
resonance is observed when the air column has a length
of 20.0 cm for a tuning fork of frequency 400 Hz is used.
The velocity of the sound at room temperature is 336 ms–1.
The third resonance is observed when the air column has
a length of _________cm. [29 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]

3 JEE PYQs Physics

 ANSWER KEY
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (a) 16. (a) 17. (c) 18. [1] 19. [60]
20. [500] 21. [3] 22. [2] 23. [10] 24. [1] 25. [1] 26. [104] 27. [50] 28. [4]
29. [0.62 to 0.63]

EXPLANATIONS
1. (b) We know that, travelling wave can be represented as 8. (a) A
 x
f t ±  p/4
 v A
p/4
Thus, y = Asin(15x – 2t) represents a travelling wave.
A
2. (a) 50t + 2x = constant
2dx
Ares = ( 2 +1 A )
50 + = 0
( ) ( )
2
dt Ires = 2 + 1 I0 = 3 + 2 2 I0 = 5.8 I0s
dx
v= = −25 m / s 9. (d) fbeat = 11 – 9 = 2 Hz
dt
T 70 ∴ Time period of oscillation of amplitude =
3. (b) ∴=v = = 100 m/s 1 1
µ 7 × 10−3 =
f beat 2
4. (c) From the given equation k = 8 m–1 and ω = 4 rad / s Although the graph of oscillation is not given, the
equation of envelope is given by option (d)
ω
Velocity of wave =  l + l2  16 I1 + I 2 4
k
 1
10. (b) =  = ;
4  l – l  1 I1 – I 2 1
v= = 0.5 m / s  1 2 

8
⇒ 3 I1 = 5 I 2
2π ⇒ I1 = 25
5. (c)
= We have, y 0.5sin ( 400t − x ) m
λ I2 9
2π 2π 11. (b) We Know that,
So, ω
= × 400 and K=
λ λ
ω 1 Tx 1 Ty
∴ Wave speed, V= = 400 m / s fx = ; fz =
k 2 µ 2 µ
ω 450
6. (c) =
v = = 50 ms −1 Here, f ∝ T
k 9
T f x 450 Tx
v=
, T = v2µ = 502 × 5 × 10–3 = 12.5 N = = ⇒ Tx/Tz = 9/4 = 2.25
µ f z 300 Tz
Hence, option (B) is correct answer
7. (a) y1 = 5sin2π(x – vt) cm, y2 = 3sin2π(x – vt + 1.5) cm
12. (c) Fundamental frequency = 490 – 420 = 70 Hz
phase angle, φ = 2π × 1.5 = 3π
1 T

\ A= A12 + A22 + 2 A1 A2 cos φ 70 =
2 µ
(⸫ m is mass per unit length and T is tension in the wire)
= 52 +32 + 2 × 5 × 3cos 3π

1 540
= 25 + 9 + ( 30 × −=
1) 4 2 cm
= ⇒ 70 =
2 6 × 10−3

4 JEE PYQs Physics

 1 300 17. (c) Fundamental frequency = 1.5 kHz
=
⇒
90
= × 103 = 2.14 m Highest frequency = 20000 Hz = 20 kHz
2 × 70 140
ρπr 2 L ρ4πr 2 L 20 kHz
=µ and µ 2 = =4µ Now, = 13.33
13. (d) ∴ µ1 = 1.5 kHz
L L
Tension in both are the same = T \ Possible hormones are 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 i.e., 7
Let the speed of the wave in the wires be V1 and V2 18. [1] The equation of wave at any time t can be written as,
T T V 1
=V1 = V ,= V2 = y=
µ 4µ 2 1 + ( x − vt ) 2
So fundamental frequencies in both wires are 1
Comparing above equation, y = ,
1 + ( x − 2) 2
V1 V V V

f1 = = and f2 = 2 = we get v = 1m/s
2L 2L 2L 4L
Frequency at which both resonate is L.C.M. of both
V 19. [60] Fundamental frequency, f = v .
frequencies i.e., . 2
2L
Hence no. of loops in wires are 1 and 2 respectively. 1
f ∝

f1  2 f1
= ⇒ l2 = × l1
f 2 1 f2
So, ratio of no. of antinodes is 1 : 2. 120
⇒ l2 = × 90= 60 cm
180
14. (b) 4th harmonic

2 = 60 cm
λ 1 T
4 = 20. [500] Frequency of the string f = (T : Tension)
2 2 µ
2l = l
f2 T2 mg
2π = =
= 0.157 ⇒ λ = 40 f1 T1 180 g
λ 2

\l = 2l = 80 m  50  m 25
  = ⇒m= × 180 = 500 gram
30
  180 9
γRT 1
15. (a)=v ⇒v∝ nv
M M 21. [3] For nth harmonic, = 400
0.6
vH 2 32 16 4
= = =
For (n + 1)th harmonic
( n + 1) v = 450
vO2 2 1 1
16. (a) 0.6
 0.6 × 450  v
⇒ + 1 450
=
 v  0.6

⇒ v = 30
T T
⇒ v= ⇒ v 2=
µ µ
λ λ

L – h1 = n + 2700
2 4 ⇒ 900
=
λ λ µ

L – h2 = (n – 1) +
2 4
µ=3
λ

⇒ = h2 – h1 = 24.5 – 17.0 = 7.5 cm
2 T 1.04T

⇒ λ = 15 cm 22. [2] v = , v' =
µ µ

u=fλ

f = 2200 Hz % change = ( )
1.04 − 1 × 100 = 2%

5 JEE PYQs Physics

 23. [10] 5λ
⇒ L2 + e= = 105 cm
4
⇒ e = 1 cm & L2 = 104 cm
v 340
27. [50] We know that, λ= = = 1m
f 340
λ
λ First resonating length, λ1 = = 25 cm

∴ =n (for wire fixed at both ends) 4
2 3λ
Second resonating length, λ 2= = 75 cm
T 900 4
=v = = 1000 m/s
µ 9 × 10−4 5λ
Third resonating length, λ 3= = 125 cm
v nv 4

⸫ v = fλ or = f ⇒ f 0 = Height of water required = λ3 – λ2 = 125 – 75 = 50 cm
λ 2
28. [4] Both piper vibrate in first overtone.
( n + 1) v
f′=
2 3Vc 2V° 3Vc V°
fc = fo ⇒ = ⇒ =
n × 1000 4L 2l° 4 L I°
500 Hz 2 = V 3I
= ⇒ n 10 \ ° = °

550 Hz ( n + 1) ×1000 Vc 4 L
2
V° ρ1
10 × 1000 Also, =
∴ 500 Hz = Vc ρ2
2×
ρ1 310 4 L ρ1

⇒ ℓ = 10 m Then, = ⇒ I0 =
ρ2 4 L 3 ρ2
Hence, length of the wire is 10 m. 29.[0.62 to 0.63]
24. [1] From given equation, K = 1.57 cm–1 1 k
f ∝ ⇒ f = …(i)

kx = p/2 1 1
π 3.14
⇒ 1.57 x == = 1.57 (l1 ⇒ initial length of pipe)
2 2
 V  k

x = 1cm
 f =  …(ii)
nυ  V − VT  2
25. [1] Frequency of closed organ pipe f n =
4l {VT speed of tuning fork, l1 → new length of pipe}
For 5th harmonic, (i) ÷ (ii)
5V 5 × 324 V −V 
f5 = ⇒ 405 = T = 2
4l 4l V 1
⇒  = 1m
v 2 V − VT
26. [104] 400 = ...(i) = −1 −1
4( L1 + e) 1 V
5v  2 − 1 VT
400 =
4( L2 + e) ...(ii) =
1 V
λ
⇒ L1 + e =
= 21 cm  2 − 1 −2
4 × 100 = × 100 =
−0.625
1 320

6 JEE PYQs Physics