Ss RP WR war 2 — unit System of Lnesr Differential Caystions In the previews Chapters we howe strbed One Aipererctiot egustion IN one Unknown duncten- a | Now Wwe shot Consider Lyctem ¢ two Liferoctid equations ty two Unknown fancdions ml & by! deferential Gs & More Geuorally , tyatems o cifer 4 in” Unknown fundions- = Type Gf Linesr. Systems 2 ‘O Linesy System of too: frst ovolor OB» Ta. genccas, Liner Qystem SY too clash orelur ) ae Mo eaprtions im too Unknown fotos x and 5 the form 2 eed GeO + Ale) das agttdnt duly = Re) } : -f) & e 2 B z e eS E e a bly dx 4 Ms barby y= Ace) # dt dt \ \ 5 | bos CHO ples f- yas Ay y eo adusidy ray at, 1 -ade waly= et | Sethi merge!» daa eGje [ ¥ ‘ y olered Pair e4-% Ka Sovtion Y YO b 9 OTMn pr gd | yoo! funders (ta) Auch fat Fos : y= act) Simutianean Sadiafy bork. pstions oH ts System (Don some ow ret rdw! AEt!Sb- @ liner System af Hee foot ovr DE iis fe form 6 (ee by | Gye) ae FALE 4) Se autem arty 49, (tz = Gee le @)2z Ee) | bee dx + bce) dy 4 be bey de + Bilt) xt beCOgt %e alt gr nogt | Cyt) da + 0,4) 4 4 Cg) ole + Cult) + CM) 4 te CH 2= Ry ge OO eh eee Ce ee ~adatiu-3y4z=t aap ag eds ady od A cms a at iget ty rt oly d is ON 4 de —2y 42y-2= Git dt htt a2 we Shalt Seg chat a Solusion - SystemC) is an ordvvasl triple op veal -functiory (dpphd Se ef = GH), Z=hCt) Simullancorly Satlify[iy ae @ Wher So 4 set ve gy Se tm of du dnd-orcks DET orks DELL tT fm a wen by Oj) na ptt eye ng pterat bbe AO jt elt ft) b(t) \ de + birdy bleddr + Syltldy + de ae y oy ; t @. 1 1 4 ‘ ada + ody 4 Ph SH’ o3t4l d of ae 477 di + nd Ys inty =O. a de It > Spectal Sipe ee igten DES too coaeicet the specie ‘pe of Linear System 0; which 9 te for dy 2 a(t) t nt F a) at ie st 2 a(t) 44 ay (ty t E(t) t am in the Cre qe . » elled normed i unknown cfienciont fis tio UNer ol on? In too= tat (tty +t \ i = ely + ti -@ anol the Sthey one Wulth Conrtrt Cospprserds 9 du 1. SD +t ot xg Ae gig. ay = Dyn 3y 404 dt d Fix revere) An Orample tthe nermal form % Q Cue Uneay Sottem OF. tree DES tn bree tnknovon functions % Y ond z & te Baad tert dd oy 24- yy Set olt dz = Yap y32t2Ft!, i dde ® fu ® tien Ponta ae ee mabey te Fim ctisus usa a cients | t encte raction ed a ht Symbol b emel Cay ‘p’ a difereuctias & Cea: 3 Bho ae terms of Uss Utererctias spender votive by b : ae Leroteof by Ox: e Ov = cy edt one poe leno And clenwative 5? os ret t by On. En tin sting Lo Lhe nh desvative we hove 7 Dy = ot (n=1,2,-— w= of ) L Further PWR boyte Dte)n te ty Mercy ‘ & 0% 60")x t ade + bdx i ole oly bohove 9,6 ond ¢ axe Constordh - In tas Natetion ensral Gress litt Me. aay hott, “dls” Coy. 4,4 aes jas dt 4 0,0 4.4 Om dX any Coe ar ad %- Has A vsMitton a (O94 0,074 ---FOn-1 DFA expretion 0 es Linder Sift operator bith, Gnidest Gey.= =) Properties 4 Ainesr Mi fferencttod operestoy q @ let le a,0"4 A, De == 4 On D +4, ‘i ihere 40 ,%1-~ am 1 9n V7 constends , “then © t laste bh] = oA) t oll] eg let Le 3p%ed-2 © appled & Be" + 2-Sint thn , (aise at [4] +2 + (smt] (30° +5p-) ep = 2(304S0-2)¢ “+ u(004 0) ; oa me ~ = ® let l= % DAD --- 4 Gems D Fm oy + by Dtbn L, = 60D 4 b.D \ be Two Lines Ki er ee cooslot 0,4) Am-1 1 9 atts ORG sk eee let Um= Qov™ ich ay” ee Am1¥ + ry UM= by vt b& plist by-irt bn oyvernl a! in the poe Y dbtalned be two fom eprntors L, omol Ly Yer ove Liye EMLLY) bohare Lo produd ef per te eethen if Fd bo fun ction possesing tm de it eon be shown Ust Linge bbs bf | qj let oe ot ? i= BDtL, peat, Thou a a Cp) (20-1) t ; = (O41) C9442 247) = oe rC 0% )t4 = Bd (2.447) 42(et4#") = tba na +13 bot Ft = (3p 42) C04) £3 =. (+) Cet+ 4H) = V6(apnyer Capt) = 6(3-+28) + (94*4247) : = 9 NAT Pooyabl L= 2p pro ap4r and lpm Can%r0%2042) £° , Bb 5) HG) + Cae?) 24? De 2b os ttle: | asl A aR OPE Td = chet |g ePcbor one “cara ee Pres System voit conctous | Qe Sowve Une ™ age > dit — Bare a ;-2 oe ad +x hy 2 Sot We trytrockece _ operettor reid and waite eR this System In) he form Sines (20-3). ¢ = 2dy = t i Cn43a)x +. C20 ys 2 ml ed the operon (2042) th the | He opeintar 2D to ; wat ea" 0: we at a | (20+) (20-2) x - CoD+8 aby = Cot )ge | | 2D(2043) x-+ 20 (2042) 4 = G@o)2 Adding Gaye two ag phe obfaiy | [@o48) (29-3) + 20 2049)" =Qp+43)t +Od)r coy. [20 (20-2) 48 (20-2) tauol4so]y= v | on [yn po + 160-244 Yo"4Eb] x= 2 + 84 7 2 Pee en ae£ +0 OFC goes 60-24) = es! = 2+84 oy € CO EO TEI oY (p+ 9D- 3)™ rg The ‘ee Sot” of “ne t sh i aie ue Ge +ee —ft-z- @ be Mow app operstor (2D+2) to the fist og? FO andl mice operector (0-3) t the @2And eq” o 6, oh ge (2.043) (20-3) « — (20 #3) 204 = Cora) (20-3) (2D43)% 4 OD “300+ 8)g = (20-3) Stetcting tha first @ from dod , we Age [@0-9 +2) + Go73)20 Jy = Go-a)2-Gorye t+1 ——O ar (@o"+ 60-24) 4 EQS gesedy OSD ee Bg ee ) (0 42oD— Ue st-! © The queed Sef” 4 eg? & a oe Od Lt+ = bohere Kk, omel ky are incdap onclet Gnstarh -Solve dy, ; ag = Jorg oly ah Sone we howe _ Dace on-y =) Dur-dety=e Dy =™ oY Dose (d-2)xX +7 =0 1 —O Dy eo wor ap eater pte be of) eff ancl” anttret and og” oD pa, we have D(D-2)x + =o eco ae % on 5 D(p-2r)t1=° =) I= 2D4Fl =P ‘ =) -)= 0 “s) Denke ee cls tinge Ct) = nai eae now we climince x rem O, we gt brew eraseby (D-2) yam quay, feat ood) Of ath pe dnd td 9 sett, yor qm plo->)g — Cade 4c (0-3) =e peo-y +4 = ° >). (vever)th)y,7 ? , ‘*y Aur 24 ene 3 a)>? 4 Oreo by! th: at ce y= Ce of 4 tute Net ,we have cS oly oy at 4 4 a (eretrefet)m ce tate cgett c, (tee dhs) = Cet ete ce t+ eytets ct = qe teetd > Cyt euyet o4c,be = c¢et— ote?Leaps, Co offints t aon Cre Cate, =) Cats tee [ey =e » [a= Si Now t= (ee )erate lyct= rege sare Galoe Qe dh = a Oe Yo + Fy ayes a = Kody 5. e- “= eae ; = -etloe Gf - xt Bure ye 0, Cost ce, Sind + rt ye =C, Cost + 0, Sint +4-1S a Basle tleny af Lines Syste in voownal 7 i let 4 Linear System ¢ diye agusthons a = Ott) a + 4,04 + A) jo Gy. a, e+ Mty t Be) ot whore the fPumotions 1%) An food Qo al} Confinuers on Teel Ddtowal oe of Fee) ond Fle) ove zere fr aoe thon Aystem D b cbted homegencots ya o thervise The Systerh is, Said” tbe Mone henge ‘ dy _ mu °4 ‘ ree ly _ 3Bnt6 ae » homog ences jSyctern: dh yan-g-St ae 1 dy = But by 4 fea y Mon- homoagenceres Syste: | 1 | |& ” { Sostam (D, We Dye By 4 Solution Me z : “4 aie am ordered pay oF geal frtiows each ee Comptia (4 = £4) oy ahievg Which Simutta neow Satisfy bot. a 4 Ue Sytem oO idee eolty fer aeteb. : dy = due Spe Gee ed } | SH = Betty Hla orckesed pair of qfnctions Apel for wu A be les ge) | which we dente y xe Ot q7 —3e8F ® a Solutyor above Syetem This means that r= ot Cu got Grout. Satie both eqns. We Verity ths be directly Selstit-sing ua et go Ry dd (St) 2 aCe) — C36) # desea 8(e+ «(223 OY Sekt 2 re 1 20% =/6e5t . gute 13088 > Sete ce ~iset= -Ise™ Hence x= et ancl yu yedt b incead 4 Sofiction f te Gym D FES Moreover , = et a aah 2 5 abo a Solectio of Syspem Q- td Thm let Ue functions On Gt Ao, Gr EE. au be Comtinusrr, on fhe lMferval 2EtEh- led @t be any peint o the inferval 22426 and Cc, od 0, betwo Arbitrary Coniaubs thon there enist a unique Solution He £Ct) feg@ Y the stem @D Such that Pina, od fln)=6- dual this Sofition & clefe) on extie inteval 2h2b. miTne et Bef) aol n=4,(4) me gra ie =p 0 bo Two Solutions the home lin2r O -tet & amol Cy be ; : A= 3, r= 9 A=” = 3 im @ / Wie ebtaly 3A -3B=0 ah —2B = 0 a A Simple Momdevind Solution 4 ebviowsty.. A= B=], Thor efore doe howe > 2 2 > Sw & & ib ik % oo) ip ee >/ Ae Nok, ® La 8 oe (pf O diferud Glaus ween, y Ys (retence , A=B =2) woulel on aoa a Loltion | rottth Lnesoy Mi Solty’ @. 6. = w Setting: A=A.=4 in ©, we ge RA-3B= D P QA BB ero SN | ' A Sho pde- Nontayéat, Station gy ths Sp System i P \ dy Bed, Bers Using he values $96, | and a pre fing, the nontawial Sointon i ec se" b= —@: : groe” i 3 1 a ome EE of, * S6Leb/one O+O° are. XE Lisl ae orice! > The Co Soletionr o System & =, oe te Bee = ce #2, elt bohere Cy oma Cave arb. Comedie. GO? fhe Root of the chew: ag are Complex Tim fhe Yooh g Dicom i, of te thar og? —" aroyrateo! Wit the SysemO are the i Compan Number az) Yd.Hhun thr 39 nae A hay Tuso Minearty , w Butea. Sst er ne ata, foset A, Snbt) ye 4 (8, tosbt —&,Sintt ) xe 86 (4 Cost + 4, Snbt) ye ot (8, Chet FB, Snety pukere Gy AB, Aral By ae” oe es Constouts> The ral Solation Of the atm = Ete, (Hyloset ~4, Sinbt 46, (As loslett Ark ye oe a Gxbt -B, Sinbt,)46 uC ned bohere C, FC, FxR 406: lon spans” : - ale 2 8xtly 29) a 3 : 3 oe : if ¢ : —@ sj a aE = Ge ; a a it : s Doi We akume a Lolutio ¥ the form! HVC d Weed di &G a WVSHg 5 sry ape PAILS spt og i Bae. “SAM +B @ Nt } “=@ Awol thi loaoly do We toeban Syst Be -S ae ° Pprnag his , te obtaln R=4A 418 =0 he Yoo are 2420. Stiting Feagsrin © pwe get © (EBA F280 © 5 SA 4 (-1-Bi)B=0 A Simple Nortavial Solution $f thes System : 4 As?! Baa l48r: Using Mase valuty Obla & Sojutioy ~ pie heen . (a43r Fava oa Using Eubers: ferent thus lees the form eb 64 [C2esit) +¢(28in 34) ] (re east - 3h n3t) +e C0034 - i Since bok the yeal ool a pat o Lolityon ice O. 47 thendelirey Ae Owe Oe the teoo Yat oleh © madvn 26 *os34 = we eC toste 4 85 Fs get CF 8G Be) | . antl X= DOD ay ge & (3 534 ~S)n24) ui i > is Merebg Tan fusref So) Secu oy \ : ; ; : 8 X= 20” CG Cos24 4 Cy din Hy eS : = et q oe A : ct Co (tos 355498) 2G Sym § ohare: o, +O ate. 9% b. Comstante. s a : 8 Gee! Ke hows ote Ch Sh sre teal omg 9 ies 3 ANS GES" ‘ 8 lent Tre 7008 A,.ond 9. $ the Cher 2a 9g Wearieteol nit the Cyeteon OQ are maf @ and canal FD dirote Ratr Common ® Vale. Res ther sume That ny Oyen ® ® Y= b, #0, 8a EPSON, The, ty, . Syem O hx “Tose pene tneliperdlns ° 80 fection s 4 the fore are ao Seah oO Saye te (Abr A, Je ? Dy 2 SB Ree : d= tree 2 brbsre BRB O,, Ro anol By ove. forte, a SS aaa oe> VC@IAVIAS PVH SO MBOEHHGIBSE, Sean a Fe, ¢ "RSL Yr \ 2 ae al fi Hl ay ection Me Cy Aety, Cy (Ait ¢a,ye" = MM 0 TF? 1 BL + 0, (O40 48)2 nan © andl Cy are Arbitrary Wonton * a te = ny “4 +2 oes = X Gt ¢ (We amumne a> Solntion of the form Re-Aet 2 Sutestitating @ Im Os v0e btaln Aneta yadt—Be™ pnt = Ad +2Be* anol this Lexy to (y-a)A-@= 0 yo pg C2-a)B= 0 Br. -non-talvial Soi” of this {yetem age must have es -/ / o05 ea D f yen QD Om be amare ary Vdfie Sie Ser Bp cng ne Gd i es oY, (9-3) = of” hin SYOOBE™ FE A=83 Sem A=3 in, weg 3 Ar-b=0 A-he = A Stmphe Nomeaael So/? of this em 5 ue SRE] pe std 2 Gomes for he ae ‘Soletiyy we. oust hetewmine : Ay Aer ® aml 3, (4,= 6, £0) By thst X= (Atta iy = f-0 : = (8, £48, )e* F 6 a. Sos” eo Sub: © ints 0 weg (34k + 34,44, xe © y(atraet (Gt18)e* (354428, 48,)0 = (AN tA et 2(80+0,)e" Tae agustions reduce to’PF PPRPYPYVo ey wy PHeEeVELErY” (A,-8, )t + (44, ¢ ) J LO (AiR \4 soph’ ' rt PTB Bikes: Here NE howe 4-8, =0 » A-A-B, =0 be A= 0, A+B -B =O [ius in order for @ to be Solction 9 yi” o The Consfent A, 14,78, ome! 8 must be Chocatn to Sabigse The equations © - Fiom.0 4A, ~4), = 0 : =) 8, = 4 ki andl [he Otter Two on" 4 © Show that Aas By Must Sear At 5-6 & boe ey Chook @ amy Convemtint Nonzero Valu of 4, and By - we Chote A, =8 =), then @ redlues de Ay, -B =/ and we can Choose et Convenient Valu A, md By thot will ost voove 247. lve Chose AL=/, 4 =° 1 therefore yhoe howe 34 ne (A4i)e ye ae 72e 2 u ge Bee / the Solntion O¢@ are ™ “ ay eo leponddouct Mane. tle Sea cpey Selut'on a, tha Sytem Oo 4 of te fo form X= Cy ey oltre" t2% ety ed bohire 6) +6, 47k 2b - Cormsgarta - des esnyren, Fond ~The Jerrad eo aa ¢ fhe, Be yteen i a4 = amg ot \ Ae EL s dt ee i dy” = Bop Ds dt ¢ ‘ $ 1 i ‘