ae ignition system is i ergy multi-spark diene red. It enables complete mixture combustion in ally all internal combustion engines used in cars and muitonepelae and is especially effective with engines that run at high RPM. PACT ing our system maltip!“© Suitable for 2-ciroke and 4-stroke engines "© Mubiple spark output (see Fable 1) (© Provides a shorter-duratian hatter spark than traditional ignitions "© Operaias an relucter, points, optical, engine managerentor Hall effect signals ‘© Usoble * 1000 sparks//second (equivalent to 15,000 RPM for « VB} ‘© Regulated 300V supply for conssiont spark energy (© High-Frequency opesotion eliminates eucible oscillator noice ‘© Eciont circuitry for rinimur heat generation Specifications © Spark energy without mut eh with VW Caravelle Td ignition col Number of sparks per fring: minimum of 2 (vee Tabla 1) i separation: 0.5ms for the first te sparks, then 0.66ms, 0.33ms, 0:66ms, ‘Spork duration: About 200his per spark |© ulple sork period: tue sparks = 700s; foursparks = | Sma six sparks = 2 oc ste ~ 2 Tsp ‘ihe 2 sparta Se 14 pak Relucor circuit sensitviy- 400m RMS Inverter operoting frequency: GOK: Operating voltage: dawn to 9V Cumentdrsin at 13.8 with multi-sparking: 200mA @ OHz, 1A @ S0He, 2 @ | 150H2, 340 400H2, 4A @-500H2 © Delay between tigger and firing: Ths 1d measured with Bosch GTAO ignition | lak the Kettering ignition system wies points oe bbe eee eile rid ssigenchip cor. ifyou havo-an alder can there is ne reoson Why this CDE system shuld rit bo a satisfactory substitute, particu- Jarly if the original module has failed and fs exponsive t replace Our new CDE system can be triggerodt by conventional Ignition points, Hall effect, optical, engine management or reluctor pickups. Its capable of operation to very high engine spends, much higherthan even racingengines wach. Vor example, it-tan run as high 8 30,000 RPM in e §-cylinder engine Chis figures e high that is academic but it doas indicate that full spark energy is maintained over the eatire RPM range of any practical engine, Multiple spark discharge Our first Multi-Spark CDI system ‘was published in the September 1997 ‘issue and proved very popular for ‘years afler that but it is naw obsolete. completely revi Standard tansistor-switchod and CDI ignition systems produce o single spark cach time the mixture in the eylinder is ignited, “Multi-spark” pro- duces several sparks which are fired in quick succession, Our sew design produces up io 10 sparks wach time a spark plugiste be fled, depending on the engine spoed, It you wish, this featuso can bie disabled so that the CDI produces just two. sparks for each cylinder firing, rogariivss of engine speed. ‘The advantage of multé-sparking is that it ensures a mone complete burn cof the fuel, especially when firing is prone to be difficult in a oold and richecuaning engine, Fig-ila) shows the schematic dia. gram of the conventional Kettering ignition system which has been used tn cars since 1910 (originally intro- M170 som a we + ig-i(b): the Multi-Spark CDI uses « DC-to-DC inverter to 4 1)¢F capacitor when $1 is al A. This capackior then ‘discharges through the coil when $1 switches to B. Decenngh 2064 37Fig.2: block diagram for the CDI Mulli-Spark Ignition, The 00V output from the DC-DC converter is fed ta the drain of Mosfet Q3 which is used as switeh to direct current flow through a IF capacitor. Mosfet Q4 thin shunts the lefthand side ofthe eapacitor to ground to ive the coil (afler first switching Of Q2), Whon Qa is switched off and Qi is switched back on again, another spark is generated as the 200V DC is re-applied to the capacitor: implified je PWN wean 2 Masts in wit of the DC-DC Converter. Masfets Q1.& Q2 are driven form generated by IC via butlers 1Cza & 1C2b. turn drive the eentre-tapped primary winding of transformer ‘Thand the output from the secondary is fed to a ige rectifier (02-135) and 44 100nF filter capacitor to produce the 30aV DC output duced on the Cadillac). 11 comprises an ignition coil which has its primary winding connected to the battery sup- ply and a switch in the negative side, The switch can bea conventional st of paints ot a switehing transisti used in most moder ignition systems, Whes the switch is closed, current creases in the primary winding and is only limited by the internal resist- ance of tha | and a ballast resistor: Gf used), The maximum. current 5s usually up te When the switch opens, the result ing collaps of the magnetic: Rete thecoil causes the secondary winding ta produce a high voltage to fire the spark plug. As the cagine speed rises, the current has less time: to build up in the coil primary and so inevitably the spark energy is reduced. Mader iransistorassisted igaition systnmsget around this problem by using “divell extension”, lower inductance culls fot mote than one ignition coil, as ia aa SucON Cur dizact-fire ignition systems Fig. Afb) shows how a typical CDE system works. It has.a DG-to-DG in- verter with aregutated 300V DC output which charges up & IMF capacitor ‘This capacitor charges up vis the coil to-aoa¥ when $1 fs in position A and dischanges through the coil when the sw in position B Thus each fine a spark plug is fired, two sparks are produced — one with positive po- larity and one with negative polarity. “Tho CDican be made ta praduee more than two sparks for each Firing, by re- peatedly charging and discharging the 1qF capacitor Noti-that older CDI design versions have the lefthand side ofthe capacitor permanently connected to the DC-DG ortor output. This side of the ea pacitor is switcheet to ground for firing, usually by an 8 arrangement means that the DG-DG converter is of fectivoly shorted to geound ant needs toshut down on each fring otherwise tho SCR woulil continue to conduct) Pig.2 shows the block diagram for GOL ignition, The DC-DC converters 300V output conneets to the drain of Mostot 03 which is used as a switch to direct current flow through the 1yF capacitor. Mosfet Q4 then shunts the loft side of the capacitor te ground to fire the coil (Q) fs switched olf frst). When Qa is switched off and Q& switched back on, thera is another spatk gonersled as the S00W is teap- plied tothe capacitor, DC-DG converter basics The basic prénciplo of the DCIX: converter is simple. It works by al- lernately switching the 12V battery supply to each halfof a contre-tapped transformer primary winding. ‘The resulting square waveform is Uh stepped up by the translormer’s sec ondary and then rectified and filtered to provide the SHO DC supply mail 3 shows the simplified citenit of the BC-DC Convector. The eireuil ope atas ata switching frequency of about GOkEZ and uses a high-frequency fer- (@ transformes. The centze-lapped naty winding of the transformer is Mosfots QI & Q2.Q3 drives thy top hlfofthestop-up transformer, hile Q2 drives the bottom half. The secondary winding’s output is fed to & bridge rectifier and filter capacitor to produce the 300 DCoutput mil “The Mosfts are detveni ira suitch- mode PWM (pulse width modulation) waveform generated by 1C1. This feeds complementary fie, out of phase) gato signals to the Mosfets via buffers 12a & IC2h, Negative feudback is applied tothe +1N2 input of ICA from the 300V UG output vie a voltage divider (not shown). This feedback circuit ants to reduce the width ofthe pulsesapplied to the Masfets if the DC woltage risus above 300V. Gonversoly, the pele width from the driver circuit increasns ifthe aut put voltage falls below SUDV. Since the Mosfots are switehed in antiphase, sehen one halPof the winding is Gon- ducting, the other is off ‘TheDC-DC circuit also incorparates a low voltage cubout ia protect the battery from over-discharge, It moai- tors the battery vollage at IN and if drops bolow 8V, the DC-DC converter switches off, Circuit det: Refer move to Fig 4 for the Full circuit siliconchip.cont.au1 PGB, code 05112141, 110.5 x 85mm 1 diecast metal case, 119% 84 % 87mm (dayoar HB-5064 or equivalent) 1 ETD28 transtormer (11) ‘consisting of 1 x 13:pin former (elementi4 Cat 1422746), 2x NBT cores (elementi4 Cat. 1781873) & 2 x clins (elementi4 Cat. 178507) 1 S14K 275VAC Metal Oxide Varisior (MON) (Jaycar FINS400, Altronics Rados 2 1P68 cable glands, 4-8mm cable diameter 4 M3 x Smm tapped spacers 4 70-220 silicone insulation washers 4 insulating bushes 1 100k? top-adjust mult-tuen ‘rimpot (VFI) 4 Max -omm tapped Nylon spacers 5.3.x 10mm screws 4M x €mm screws 4 M9 x 6mm countersink-head Screws, 5M nuts 2 Senm star washers 2 solder lugs 12008 length of 0.28mm-ciameter enamelled eoppar wite (tor Tt secondary) 11200mm length of 1.6mm- diameter enamelled copper wire (for T1 primary) 1.2m length of red automotive wire 1.2m length of black automotive wire 11 2milength of green autornotive wire 41 2m length of white automotive wire of the Multi-Spark CDI system, tts DC-DC converter is hased on a Texas Instraments TL494 switchmode driver fen. ‘This device has beew available since the early 1980s and is still used! today in many awitehmode power supplies ‘The IC contains all the necessary sircaitry to gomorate complementary Squuary-Wwave outputsal pins9& Mand these drive the gates of the Mosiets via Mosfet trivers. ‘The IC alsa contains eontrol circuitry: to provide output vollage regulation and Low valtage cut-out. Figs shows the internal circuitry of Silieonchip. com.au Semiconductors | 1 TL494CD SOIC switch mode PWM control circuit (C1)* 1 TCAG27COA SOIC high-speed Mosfet driver (IC2)* 1.L6571AD SOIC high-voltage hal-bridge driver with oscillator cay 2 STPGUNFO6 60¥ 60A N-channel Mostets (Q1,02)* 2 FOPIONGONZ 10a 600v N-channel Mosiets (03, Q4)* 2 BC3ST NPN transistors (25,06) 1 19¥ TW aener diode (201) 1.75 1W zener diede (202) 1 1N4004 1A 4004 diode (D1) 5 UFAO07 fast rectifier diodes (02-08) 3 1N4148 switching diodes (07-08) “available from au.elementia. com Capacitors 1 4700uF 16V PC low-ESR electrolytic 3 10QuF 16V PC fow-ESR electialytic 1 10WF 16¥ PC electrolytic 24uF 50V monolithic mutilayer ceramic (MMC) 1 1F X2 class 275VAC MKP motallsed polypropylene (Vishay BFG233922105) 2 100nF #2 class 275VAC MKP ‘metallised nolypropyiene 3 1DUNF 63/00V MKT 14,7 F 63/100¥ MKT 1 InF 6a/100V MET 1 C1 (470nF for S-eylinder, ISONF fOr 6-Gylinder, 1209 for 4-eylinder),.63'100V MKT Resistars (0.250, 1%) ZiMo T1aKo the TLA4. P33 fixed -froquency PWM controller containing a sawtooth oscil lator, two error amplifiersand a PWM comparator. It also. inchides a dead time control comparator, a SV refer: fence wid output control options for push-pull or single-ended operation. The PWM compatator generates the variable width output pulses by comparing the sawlonth oscillator Waveform against the combined out. puts of the two error amplifiers. The ror amplifier with the-bighest otttput voltage sels the pulse width, ‘Thecontral (CTRL) output at pin 13 FICE issn taset cithersingleended 2680K2 = 7 1OKQ 2270K) = 1 B.2kED 218K] = 247K 1 56kG> 122k Barer 2220 1 33k 3100 233K 1 Points version 1 10002 SW resistor (F11) Reluetor versio 11 BC337 NPN transistor (Q7) 415.1 1W zener diode (203) 1.2.20F MET polyester capacitor 41 470pF ceramic capacitor 1 100K2 top adjust rrulticturn trimpot (V2) 1 47k92 0.25W 1% resistor 4 10K01 0.25W 1%% resistor 4 40kt 0.250 1% resistor (Ra) 1 1K 0.25W 19% resistor (FQ) 2 1500 0.25W 1% resistors ‘Hall Effect/Lumenitian Module 1.5.1 1W zener diode (208) 1 15002 0.25W 1% resistor 1 1kG2 0.250 1% resistor (F13) 1 1000: 0.250 4% resistor (R2) Optical Pick-up 1 optical pick-up (Piranha or Ciane) 15.1V 1W zener diode (203) 1 22k0)0.250 1% resistor (AB or Re} 2 1808) O.25W 1% resistors 11200 0.25W 1% resistor (Rd or RS} Miscellaneous Heatshrink tubing, angle brackets for mounting, automotive connect. ors, self-tapping screws, ete ‘utpul or push-pull operation. in our design, push-pull (fo, anti-phae} outputs are selected and these are produced at the transistor emitters at pins 9 & 10 (E1 & E2), Theso intemal lwansistors have their collectors tied to the positive supply rail, Dead-time comparator The internal doad-time compara- tor ensures that there is a brief delay buufore one outpul gows Buigh after the other has gone low. This means that theoutputs at pins 98 10 are both low fora short timeat the transition points. This dead-time period is essential Dee 39 EM 20,3% MULTISPARK CAPACITOR DISCHARGE IGNITIO 40 Sicow Chur silieonchip.cam.auhe d7OrF FOR CINDER l= oe FOR COS Clete ron acranpas mais —— Fig.a: the circuit 1 and bridge rectifier D2-D3 to form the DC:DC eanverter.TC3, an L8s71AD alternately switch Mosfets Qo & Q4 to charye and discharge the 1uF capacitor via the ignition coil. oscillator, is used ‘The circuit eaters for six different imput triggers; (a) points; (b) Hall effect/Lumenition triggering (o} Crane optical pickup; and (f) Piranha optical pickup. module triggering; (@) reluctor picku} because withoutit, the Mosfel diving one half of the transformer primary would still be switching off while the Mosfot driving the other half war switching on, As a result, the Mosfots would be destroyed ax they would ef- fectively create a short cineuit across the 12V supply. ‘Ope Of the error amplifiers in IC is ‘used to provide the uneler-voltage-cut ‘out feature, Thisisdoneby connecting its pin 2 inverting input to the +12V rail via voltage divider consisting of siliconehip.com.au 1OKED and 4.2K) resistors. The nom venting input at pin 1 connests to ICt's internal 5¥ reference at pin 1 via 0 4.7KG) resistor, When the voltage at pin 2 drops below 5V (le, whem the battery voltage drops belaw @V}, the output of the er- ror amplifier gocs high ane the PWM, oulputs.at pins #4 10 ge Jow, shutting the circuit down, Noto the IM2 rasis- torbetwoen the non-invertinginputat pin 1 and the erroramplifier output a pin 3. This provides » small. amount near based on IC1 whieh is a T1494 switchmode driver. This combines with Mosfets Q1 & Q2, transformer igh-voltage half-bridge driver and engine management cof hysteresis so that the output of the erroramplifiee dors not ascillate at the OV theeshold. ‘The socond error amplifier in the ‘TLaa4 Is used to control the output voltage of the DC-DG converter. The feedback voltage is derived from the positive side of the bridge coctiner and fod via a voltage divider consisting of two 270K8 resistors and irimpot VR1 in series, plus a tOKD resister ta ground. The resulting voltage ix then fed to pin 16 of IC1 and compared to Dacesuen 2004 41the internal circuit of the-TL404 Switehmode Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Controller. I is fxedtrequency Fig. PWM controller containing a sawtooth ascillator, two error and a PWM comparator. It also includes.a dead time control comparator, @ SV reference and output eantrol options for push-pull or single-ended operation. the internal SV reference which is applied to pin 15 via a 4.7k0- resistor. Normally, the attenuated feedback voltage should be close to AV. Should Unis voltage rise (due to an inersase in the output voltage), the output of the error anmplifiey also rises and this roduces the output pulse width. Con versoly, 1f the output falls, the errr amplifier’s output also falls and the pulse width increases, Thegaimoftheerror amplifier at lew frequencies is sethy the IMP feedback resistorbotween pins 3 &15 and hy the 4.7kOt resistor to pin t4 {Vagel. These set the gain to about 213. At higher frequencies, the gain is set to about by virlueof the 47k¢t resistor and Olin capacitor in series across the IMO mosistor. This raduction fn gain at the higher frequencies provents the amplifier from responding to hash on thy supply rails ‘The 10k traststarand InF capacitor at pins 6 & 5 rspactively set the in- ternal oseillatortoabout 120kHy. This is divided by twa using an. internal Hipfop to give the resulting cample- ‘entary (anti-phase) output signals at ins O10. The resulting switching rate of the Mosfets is 6kHz, Pin of 101 is tbe dead-time contol inpul, Whon this input is at the same Jevelas Veg the mnt pul iransistors are ff. As pind deopstoOW, the dead-time a2 Snicox Com decreases to a mininmm. At switch ‘on, the 1MhiF caperitor between Vage {pin 24) and pin 4 is discharged and this initially belds pin 4 at 5V. "This ‘prevents the output transistors in IG1 from switching on. The 1OuF capacitor then charges via the 47KQ resistor (between pin 4 & ground) and se theduty evele of the output tansistars slawly incenases until full control is gained by the error amplifier. This effectively provides a soft start far the converter. The 1MQ rosistor between pins 4 & 15 has boas Included to provide mare dead-time. It prevents the 10yF capacitor from fully charging to SV and this increases the minimum dead-time perio. Complementary outputs ‘As stated, the complementary PWM ontputsat pins 9& 10 0f1C3 come fram Snternal emitter follower transistors Those each drive external 10k0 pull down resistorsand Maosfet drivers 1G2a se IC2b which can deliver up to 1.54 ‘charge/ dischange current intathe Mos- fol gates, for fast and clean switching. Noto the s00nF X2.capacitorand the 4700pF low BSR capacitor between the centre iap of the transforiter pri mary and ground. These are there to cancel out the inductance of the leads which carry currentto the transformer. ‘They effectively provide the peak cur- ent requiced from the transformer as it switchos “Transformer T1 isa relatively small ‘ervite-conad unit designed tobe driven at high frequen is a similar arrangement to that used ie: the Ultra- sonic Cleaner (August 2910) and in ‘the Ultrasonie Anti-Feuling Untt For Boats (September & November 2010} Its primary end secondary windings ‘are wound using enamelled copper wire, with the number of tars sot to provide the required output voltage, In operation, the power Mosfets alternately switch each sido of tho transformer primary to ground, sothat the transformer is driven in push-pull mode, When (1 is on, the 12V supply is acrnes the top half of the primary ‘wining. and when Q2ison thesuppiy isicross the bottom half, This alternat- ing voltageis stepped upby the second ary-and applied to a full-wave brietge rectifier comprising UP#007 ultra-fast recovery diodes DL-DS, ‘These ultrasfast diodes are neces: sory because of the high ewitching frequency of 6OKEz, A 100RF X2 cx pacitor filters the 300V DC eutput and this is fod to the drain of Master Q and also to 1G3. am L871 half-bridge Mosfet driver and oscillator, via 75¥ ‘zener diode ZD2 and twosories 33k AW resistors. IC3's supply at pin 1 issetta 18V by silleonchip.com.auMato BOot14 1211 re eer Ty Sao ‘Boertd teat an intemal zener diode, 2D2 is used drop the 200 supply before foeding it t0 the $3K0 resistors, sn that each dissipates na mare than 334m W, iving Q3 In order for Mosfe sate must be Qs to fully men ised above its silicanchip.com.au ae Betirtd 10d ned ene Pe) in by several volts and this is the job of IC, the 16571 half-bridge dri It produces the necessary higher gate voltage using diode DG and a 100jF capacitor (Cx) between Q's source and pin a, Initially, [C3 starts with ply derived fro IS sup. the 300V ruil, as Sibi SIGNAL HOUND -USB-based spectrum analyzers ‘and RF recorters, pe $1,920 inc GST Upto 4.4GHz Preamp for improved ‘sensitivity and reduced LO leakage. Thermometer for temperature correction and improved accuracy ANIFMVSSB/OW domod USB 2.0 interface #128: $2,948 ine GST Upto 12.4;3H2 plus all the advanced features, ofthe SAS45, AMEMISSBICW demod * USB 2.0 interlace ‘The BRGNC supercedes the BBEOA, with new specifications: The BBEOC streams 140 MBisec ef digitized AF to your PC ulilzing USB 3.0, ‘An instantaneous bandwidth of 27 MHz, ‘Sweep speeds of 24 GHu/san: The BESOC alse adds nevi functionality in the formof configurable 10, ‘Streaming bandwieths which vill be retroactively available on the BREDA, Vendor and Third-Party Software Available Ideal tool for lab and test bench use, engineering students, fam radio enthusiasts anc hobbyists, Tracking generators 250 available, ares aes ha Bee ae Ph: (02) 6931 8252 Cee ee Deceween 204 43Distributor Tri Frequency (| Multiple Spark Duration (Grarkshatt Gegreesh 1125 a 1500 a 0 2250 é 9 00 4 a 7500. 500 Ley 15 mentioned above. Q4 is the first to be switched on and st pulls one side af jor Cx low. Cx then charges to supply via D6 and Ox (Q8 turns off and Q3tarns on, Qupulls pin 6 ofIC3 vp tothe 300 reil andl so pin 8 is jacked up above #200V by the 15V across the capacitor. The voltage acrass Cx is then maintained wit! nesct rect d via D6 & Qa (nate that pins 6, 7 & B af 1C3 are floating outputs which can be shified up to OGY above the pin 4 ground), €x noods to be relatively large at 100pP sinowit can bocalled onto keep charge for up to 100ms during slow cranking af the moter, The totem-pole 44 smcovGine ‘output of Mosfets (3 & Q¢ drives th ignition coil primary via the IF X capacitor. The 2241 gate resistorsstow the turn on and turn-off times for Q3 & Qu. lo limit transients when switching the ‘AgF capacitor. Multi-sparking ‘Multi-sparking is possible because {C3 incorporates a selF-o tion involving two comparators, as shown by its internal block diagram on Fig. Theseries resistor string sotsth inputs ofthetwo comparatorsat 2/2nds and 1/Srd ofthe 15V supply, whilethe external 4.7m capacitor and 100k0 rosistorconligure the two comparators fasan astable multivibrator. It operates ina very similar way toa 555 timer [C connected in astable mad nour circuit, wehave.dlded diode D7 and another 180k(2 resistor In se ries, This ensures that the discharge period forthe 4,7nF capacitor viaone ‘of the 180k resistors is much longer than chaiying periad via both 180k resistors and D7 when the latter is forward biased by pin 2 Note that the 4.7nF capacitoris only tied to ground when tansistar QS is switched op via the trigger cireuit Capacitor C1 is alsa cannocted ta the collector af (5, Initially. when Q5 is off, C1 is discharged and beld at the pin 1 supply vollage (15V) via the kf resister at Q5's collector and the KO resistor at D8"s anode, This last resistor pulls pin 3 of IC3 well above Use upper threshold (2/ards the pim 1 supply) via D8. Asa result, pin 2 goes Jow but the 4,79F capacitor cannat be discharged and so 1C3 doesn't asc late, ‘This in turn means that Mastet Qs is off end Qs is on. Wher (5 switches on due to an in- put trigger signal, Da's anode is pulled low viaCt. Thus, the 43401 resistor is temporacily out of theoscillator circuit and so (he 4.7nF capacitor is charged. and dischary ia the components:at pin 2 as proviously discussed, Qa and Qs now switch on and affalternately and vo the evil ig fired repetitively. CL now again charges via the 33k rmsistor and when its voltage reaches the upper threshold of pin 9's input ‘the oscillator stops as described before. Note that at high REM, Q5 is on for loss time than it Lakes Ct to charge the a9k2 resistor and switch off 133 oscillation, The instant this trans- istor switches off, IC3 stops escillating since 1 is immediately pulled thigh This is a fail-safe condition to prevent sparks designated for one cy from accidentally firing the next cyl inder in sequence, “the trigger circuit also drives tran: sistor Q6 to provide a. low valtage (412V) tachometer output. This is nec: essary, since a tachometer connected to the coil would otherwise give false readings, der Disabling multi-spark mode I you wish, the multi-spark fest canbe easily disabled by removing Ca and roplacing the 4.70¥ capacitor with 4 18nF capacitor instead siliconchip cont. auMosher drivers to 16571. This includes the IR2155 that inoue previous MulSpark CDi torber 1$97. The R2155 is now an obsolete part Thare are also what to be similar divers, These iodide he 1821.53, the 825603 andthe IRS21 53, DDon‘tuce theseinhis circit—they wad work propedy! designin ‘This modification now causes 1C3 ta ‘produce a single 0.5mns pulseto switch 0n.Q4, This fires theeoil in one diree- tion whient Q3 switches on and in the other dimetion when Q3 switches on, A Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV1) is connected: across the coil fo quench the high-voltage transient which will ‘occur if the coil is left open-circuit on the secondary, Leavingthe coil output open-circuit ean cause ita heeak down emally and this quickly leads to feilure ‘Two 680k. resistorg are connected in series actos the IWF XZ outp capacitar ta discharge it should the coil become disconnected fram the circuit. This is a safely measure since a1, eapacitor changod to 300V can produce a very nasty shock. ‘Trigger inputs Because this MultiSpark CDE Is inlonded for use with a wide range af engines, we have made it compat- ible with six different trigger soure These areall shownon themaincircuil of Figs ‘The points input circuit (a) simply comprises @ 1008 SW resistor con nected to the 12¥ supply. This resis- tor provides a wetting current for the points to ensure their contacts remain lean. The points cannact to the trigger input associated with Q5, ‘The Hall effect or Lumenition fop. tieal trigger) modisle input (b) uses a 1008 supply rvsistor (R2) 10 the +12V rail, This resistor limits the current §nto the internal clamping diode of the Hall eifector Lumenition unit, The 1k resistor (Ra) pullsthe output velt- ‘igo up to +5V when the internal open- collector transistor is off, Comversaly the output voltage falls to near GW shen the internal transistor taens on, ‘Tho engine management input (c} is vory straightforward: the SV signal siiconchip.com.as ‘The High-Energy Multi-Spark CDI is housed in a rugged diecast metal case which provides good eats oe Mosfets. It's mounted in a and exhaust pipes. ‘proof location in the engine buy, away from the hot exhaust mani output from the vehicle's engine man- agement unit simply connects ta the trigger input. Reluctor triggering The reluctor input circuit (d) is the ‘mast complex. In operation, the seluctor coil produces am AG signal which switches transistor Q7 on and off. This works as follows: with no reluctor voltage, transistor Q7 is bias- ed of Via trimpat VR2 and the 47kEb resistor to its base, The actual voltage applied to Q7’s hase depends on the 10kD resistor connected to the top af the reluetor coil and on the internal resistance of the reluctor. ‘rimpot VRE fs includid ta eater tora wide range of reluctor resistance values. In practice, VR is adjusted so that Q7 is just switched on when there is no signal from the reluctor. When, the signal goes positive, Q7 remains switched on, When the signal goes negative, Q? is switched off, This circuit produces an oulput vo coil primary and is capable of ere (or eve and is capable ee ee shock, DO NOT coil from CON2 whi i any part _Mostet—see PL2 next month. voltage of up to 300V DC to drive x ae ies eee dion one Tr og roves asthe well ean flow over it an‘ Resistor R4 provides loading for the reluctor, while the 470pF capacitar shunts any high-frequency signals. ‘The 2.2nF capacitor speeds up Q7's switch-on and switeh-off times. Optical triggering ‘Two optical (photoclectric) trigger ing versions aro catered for, ane fora Crane pick-up (@) ancl one for & Piza- nha pick-up (0, The Crane trigger has a common graund connection while the Piranha has a common positive. Forthe Crane trigger, resistor RS fords current to the internal LED from the supply, while R3 functions as a pull-up resistor for the photodiode, Similarly, for the Pizanha trigger, Ret is the current resistor for the LED, Ro functions as pulldown for the internal photodiode, ‘That's all for this mouth. Next month, we'll describe the PCB as: sembly and the test and installation procedures. se e electric tothe ircuit or the output inthes ded V Resta torte four Decesmen 208 as