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Concept and Type of Scale

This document discusses different types of maps and scales. There are three main types of scales: fractional or ratio scales which show a ratio between distances on a map and in real life; linear scales which use a divided line; and verbal scales which describe landmarks. The document also outlines several common types of maps: political maps show boundaries and cities; physical maps show landscape features; topographic maps use contour lines to indicate elevation changes; climate maps show climatic zones; and thematic maps focus on a single topic like population density.

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Akash Deep ji
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42 views

Concept and Type of Scale

This document discusses different types of maps and scales. There are three main types of scales: fractional or ratio scales which show a ratio between distances on a map and in real life; linear scales which use a divided line; and verbal scales which describe landmarks. The document also outlines several common types of maps: political maps show boundaries and cities; physical maps show landscape features; topographic maps use contour lines to indicate elevation changes; climate maps show climatic zones; and thematic maps focus on a single topic like population density.

Uploaded by

Akash Deep ji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ConCept and type of sCale

SCALE
You must have seen maps with a scale bar indicating equal divisions, each
marked with readings in kilometres or miles. These divisions are used to
find out the ground distance on the map. In other words, a map scale
provides the relationship between the map and the whole or a part of the
earth’s surface shown on it. We can also express this relationship as a
ratio of distances between two points on the map and the corresponding
distance between the same two points on the ground.

TYPE OF SCALE

1. Fractional or Ratio Scale: A fractional scale map shows the


fraction of an object or land feature on the map. It is ratio of the
distance between two points on a map and the distance between
those points on the ground is called fractional scale. For example, 1
: 3000 indicates that 1 unit on the map is equal to 3000 units on the
earth's surface.

2 Linear Scale :A linear scale is a line which is divided into equal parts. It

is used on maps to show the relationship between a particular distance on

a map and the actual distance on the earth. A linear scale is also called a

bar scale, scale bar or graphic scale.


3 . Verbal Scale: This type of scale use simple words to describe
a prominent surface feature. A verbal map scale expands
abbreviations to describe a landmark or an object. An example
is the image to the left describes a scale as cm is equal to 15
kilometers

TYPES OF MAP

The field of geography relies on many different types of maps in


order to study the features of the earth. Some maps are so common
that a child would recognize them, while others are used only by
professionals in specialized fields. Some of the most common types
are political, physical, topographic, climate, economic, and thematic
maps.

Political Maps

A political map does not show topographic features like mountains. It


focuses solely on the state and national boundaries of a place. These
maps also include the locations of cities large and small, depending on the
detail of the maps.

A typical example of a political map would be one showing the states and
U.T of india

Physical Maps

A physical map is one that documents landscape features of a place.


These maps generally show things like mountains, rivers, and lakes.
Bodies of water are commonly shown in blue. Mountains and elevation
changes are sometimes shown with different colors and shades to show
elevation. On physical maps, greens usually indicate lower elevations
while browns usually indicate higher elevations.

Topographic Maps

A topographic map is similar to a physical map in that it shows different


physical landscape features. Unlike physical maps, though, this type of
map uses contour lines instead of colors to show changes in the
landscape. Contour lines on topographic maps are normally spaced at
regular intervals to show elevation changes (e.g. each line represents a
100-foot elevation change). When lines are close together, it means the
terrain is steep.

Eg of Contour lines

A climate map ; shows information about the climate of an area. These


maps can show things like the specific climatic zones of an area based on
the temperature, the amount of snow an area receives, or the average
number of cloudy days. These maps normally use colors to show different
climatic areas.

Thematic maps : are single-topic maps that focus on specific themes or


phenomena, such as population density, rainfall and precipitation levels,
vegetation distribution, and poverty. This differs from reference maps
which include a number of different elements like roads, topography, and
political boundaries.

Thematic maps have attributes that make spatial patterns more clear,
shedding new light on the theme in questions and allowing for further
insights.

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