CHAPTER 2 PLANNING PHASE

2.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter focuses on the second part of this research which is the planning phase.
(Berisha, 2022) claims that prior to actually beginning the project plan, it is important to
consider how the goals must be conveyed to the project and how the plans must be spread.
Typically, the client provides a summary of terms of reference, and the project leader needs to
respond with a proposed plan. This procedure is followed before shifting on to a more in-
depth examination of the nature and role of the planning. (Gratton and Gratton, 2020) asserts
that for effective planning, projects require planning for time, resources and finances. A
numerical network analytical method should be used to create a Gantt chart from the project
plan. All resources should be defined, and their provision and ease of access should be
scheduled for way in advance. All monetary costs should be approximated, authorized, and
any purchases made through ministry-approved channels; actual expenditure must then be
estimated and summed up.
2.2 Business Value
A projected is supposed to meet the demand of its users as well as bring some value that can
be notable. (Paradza and Daramola, 2021) asserts that business value can be explained as
specifiable or quantifiable merits that are a result of the project to the users and developers.
The benefits can be tangible or intangible, tangible listing from utility, share and equity just
to mention a few while the examples of intangible include goodwill, brand recognition and
strategic alignment. The system is an automation accident detection. While the
implementation of this system comes with notably high costs, it is a good move towards
modern day ways of operations. The world is digitizing in every aspect and this early
adaptation of technology is good for the organization’s competitiveness as it helps avoid
redundancies common in record-keeping. The performance of this system will also see
increased efficiency in time taken in serving citizens as well as some concept of directness.
Hospital and police can receive communication about accidents scenes and this helps reduce
time taken by ambulance in rescuing passengers.
Market value
(Sanders, 2019), defines market value as the most likely cost of a property under competitive
conditions as well as all required conditions for a sale to be considered legal and fair, taking
into account that the price does not succumb to undue stimulus. The accident detection
system will bring draw new members to the surface and this will in turn cause a sudden
decrease in death when accident occurs. The ability to generate statistical reports will also
mean that the market value will rise.
2.2.2 Customer value
(Yamamoto and Universitesi, 2021) defines customer value as the percentage deviation a user
gets from acquiring and using a good or service and the price of securing the product. The
proposed system will be created with an interface that is not complex and this friendliness is
intended to increase client satisfaction
2.2.3 Future value
(Gregory, 2020) denotes that future value is focused on important metrics used to quantify
credit exposure, in short. With emerging technologies on the rise, there is plenty of room for
upgrading so that the value of the system is maintained in terms of its purpose. The projection
that in the future, the system can have more features that help benefit passengers shows the
depth or the value the system is going to accumulate in the future.
2.3 Feasibility study
According to (Verma, 2020), a feasibility study provides an overview of a proposition to
assess the complexity of performing a specific activity. A feasibility study investigates the
project's viability with an emphasis on addressing possible issues and simply trying to reply
one key question: Would the concept function and should you pursue it? In other words, it is
analyzing a problem to see if it can be resolved and this is done in the early stages of
initiation to avoid significant expenses unnecessarily. Feasibility study deals with planning,
analyzing, selecting and financing the project, therefore it requires to elaborate tools and
criteria for appraisal and evaluation of the technical, financial, economic, commercial and
organizational eligibility.
Economic feasibility
The process of finding if a new project is good enough to justify the time and cost investment
is known as economic feasibility analysis. It is also referred to as a cost-benefit analysis. The
said type of analysis considers the costs including both establishing and running the new
project. The process is a method of decreasing the risk of attempting new projects. A variety
of factors are considered, and if they prove also that concept is economical, it is usually
accepted. Some of the considerations to be taken under economic feasibility include client
needs and the success rate of similar past projects. A lot of similar factors will be analyzed
and an end result that is positive would show both a benefit in general terms and also
reduction in expenses is another benefit that can be arrived at by performing cost benefit
analysis and payback period among other methods.
2.3.2 Cost benefit analysis
(Koopmans, Amsterdam and Mouter, 2020) asserts that Cost-Benefit Analysis quantifies a
project’s value in society by measuring its influence and creating and costs monetary
comparable. CBA is by far the most widely used tool for evaluating most projects. The
proposed system will make use of this system in trying to see how much benefit outweighs
the implementation costs. Expenses range from operating, resources and to train users.

Table 2.1 Costs of development

Number of items Item Item description Cost ($US)

1 Personal 8Gig RAM, ITB, COI7 600

computer
1 HP SERVER 8Gig RAM, ITB,4GHZ Quad Core Processor 700

2 Power Supply 1000 Watts 200

1 Hub 3 Ports 50

TOTAL 1 550
Table 2.2 Development costs

Narrative Quantity Cost (USD)

Network patching cable 10 30
Switching hub 1 40
Personal Computer 2 1200
Server 1 750
External hard drives 2 100
Web iserver i 1 700
Total i 2820

2.3.3 Social Feasibility

This study is an analysis of how this system may impact the society, noting both negative and
positive. It is very crucial to consider the social viability, which is defined by accounting for
social differences on social participation, employment creation, new income gained and a
positive in the level of living. It is best done if the project brings no harm or negative effects
on the society, in all aspects, that is to say even to children. It is safer to proceed with the
development of the system after considering the effects of this system on the social aspects.
2.3.4 Operational feasibility
(Mukherjee and Roy, 2017) states that operational feasibility may be tasked with the duty of
determining if the suggested techniques satisfy all relevant business criteria. It takes all
feasible measures to anticipate problems and find solutions. The feasibility of the proposed
method development may also be examined and confirmed in this study. The system will give
out positive contributions once implemented, it is digitizing health services and trying to curb
the redundant manual process while pacing up to catch up with the fast-changing world. This
feasibility can proceed because it meets the requirements that are essential and its impact on
life in general.
2.4 Risk analysis
The capacity to foresee a specific result or outcome has always been a key factor in project
accomplishment. Given risks are the project’s most unexpected component, it is crucial for
the project team to be able to manage and foresee them as often as reasonable.Regular
deadline scheduling and poor financial execution, which refer to non-compliance in timeline
leadership and managerial control, accordingly have emerged as contemporary recorded
concerns in the case of applications. The study has suggested a useful system to monitor
patient health records while ensuring security and storage of patient information.
2.4.1 Technical Risk
For large software development projects, it is crucial to manage the risks associated with
ineffective design process. The attributes of ineffective development are quite common
among developers: untestable or undetectable constraints, faulty or optimized code and
models. . For this system, it will be created in a pilot manner since it is the first for specified
patients.
2.4.2 Risk Management
The goal of risk management is to assist the project team in making the best choice possible
at the appropriate moment when identifying, classifying and quantifying the risks before
managing and then controlling them. Through matching the effort to manage the risks with
the advantages from such an act, the goal is to secure the best value for the project in terms of
cost, timing and the efficiency. . Any project, from conception to implementation, must adopt
or employ risk management as a continual flow. Nevertheless, risk management needs to be
adopted early on in a project to reach its full potential. The proposed system has a risk of
developing a user interface that may be too complex for the users. . This risk can be mitigated
by prototyping to avoid unforeseen mistakes and challenges.
2.5 Other Risks
When taking up on a project, it is important to note that there are unforeseen events and these
are usually way out of the scope of what people could possibly expect, hence they are called
unforeseen. In this case, some uncertainties that can be factored or talked about are
intangibility and they are also prone to a lot of changes.
2.6 Stakeholder Analysis
(Eversole, 2018) states that stakeholder analysis is the procedure of recognising individuals
or groups that have a genuine interest in a particular matter, entity or action plan. This study
focuses on health workers or nurses and patients because these are the main elements of the
activities defined in the processes.
2.6.1 Health workers
These are the key actors of the system and they are the users of the system. They perform
pivotal roles in data entry of patients and they store the information. They are responsible for
sending of notifications to patients on when they can collect their drugs. They are the
administrators of the system.

2.7 Work plan

This is the layout that decides what an officer or team plans to do for the duration of a work
period. Work plans must be created under the direction and aim of an action plan and must
include operational information that demonstrates precisely what services will be provided
and at what standard of quality. This work plan was developed taking into account all the
required tasks in the standard and appropriate manner.
Work plan review the work plan of the project.
Table 2.3 Work plan

Task/ Activity Starting date Ending date

Project proposal 05 December 2023 06 January 2022

Planning 12 January 2024 20 February 2022

Analysis 03 March 2024 23 April 2022

Designing 02 May 2024 04 July 2022

Implementation 08 July 2024 Ongoing

Maintenance 30 August 2024 Ongoing

Table 2.4 Gantt chart

 Stage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Proposal
Planning
Analysis
Design
Coding
Testing
Implementation
Maintenance
Documentation

2.8 Conclusion
The body concludes that this project is viable and it is feasible to carry on with the project
because it it is worth as proven by financial techniques that were used. The passing from this
stage means a green light to advance to the analysis stage.