WRITING TASK 2 Write about the following topic: Some people believe that unpaid community service should be compulsory part of high schoo! programmes (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). To what extent do youlagree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.Maree Peete WRITING TASK 2 Choose ONE side! This is not a “discuss both sides" » question. It is possible to write a partly-agree essay, Write about the following topic: -“ but this is risky. Just simplify it and pick a side. Some people believe that unpaid'community service should be compulsory part of high school programmes (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). | ' i To what EREEHEGOIVoU GFESREISaHTEE? Give reasons for your atswer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. >= _ Write at least 250 words. “ Your opinion is required and you are allowed to strongly express itAdvantage/Disadvantage WRITING TASK 2 Choose ONE side only! Write about the following topic: Seoe © Some experts believe that itis better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school ratherthan secondary school. | ' - i Do the HEWAREGEES of this outweigh the Hisaawanuaaes? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.Problem/Solution WRITING TASK 2 Write about the following topic: In some countries the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing. (WHGEEBVOURTAR are the causes of these problems and what measure could be taken to solve them? Give reasons for your answer and include-any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. ~ Write at least 250 words. Your opinion is required, but do NOT strongly express it °Ppleat(e ate WRITING TASK 2 Here, you can agree with one side or both sides. Write about the following topic: oe Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others, howeveér, say that this would have litle effect on public health and that other measures are required. Discuss BBE these views and §iV@VOUROWROBInION. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. ~~» Your opinion is required and you Write at least 250 words. are allowed to strongly express itWRITING TASK 2 It is best to just pick one side and express ; a _® it strongly, because it's easier and safer. Write about the following topic: - 0 Some people claim that not enough of the waste from homes is recycled. They say that the only way to increase recycling is for governments to make it a legal requirement. To what extent do you think laws are needed to make people recycle more of their waste? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. >. Write at least 250 words. “Your opinion is required and you are allowed to strongly express itWiel a la} WRITING TASK 2 Write about the following topic: Nowadays, the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make? Has this become a positive or negative development? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words. Do NOT state your opinion, as it is not required25% 25% Lele Tees Grammatical Range fee & AccuracyWhat you must do to score well LF Tare sk Achieveme! Fully addresses all parts of the task 9 «Presents a fully developed position in answer to the question with relevant, fully extended and well supported ideas. © Sufficiently addresses all parts of the task 8 Presents a well-developed response to the question with relevant, extended and supported ideas * Addresses all parts of the task Presents a clear position throughout the response Presents, extends and supports main ideas, but there may be a tendency to over-generalise and/or supporting ideas may lack focusWhat you must do to score well eC) Teneo e ee Co) 5 Uses cohesion in such a way thatit attracts no attention © Skilfully manages paragraphing Sequences information and ideas logically 8 © Manages all aspects of cohesion well © Uses paragraphing appropriately and sufficiently © Logically organises information and ideas; there is clear progression throughout 7 © Uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be some under-/over-use © Presents a clear central topic within each paragraphWhat you must do to score well EET Grammatical Range and Accuracy Uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy; rare minor errors occur only as'slips’ Uses a wide range of structures The majority of sentences are error-free Makes only very occasional errors or inappropriacies Uses a variety of complex structures Produces frequent error-free sentences Has good control of grammar and punctuation but may make a few errorsWhat you must do to score well Lexical Resource Uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control of, lexical features; rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’ Uses a wide range of vocabulary fluently and flexibly to convey precise meanings Skilfully uses uncommon lexical items but there may be occasional inaccuracies in word choice and collocation Produces rare errors in spelling and/or word formation Uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision Uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation May produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and/or word formationAn Overview of Structure Creal Ceeemi , Introduce topic, paraphrase question language introduction and state thesis (main ideas + position/opinion) Discuss and/or support your position with main Body Paragraph 1 idea #1, supporting details and examples Discuss and/or support your position with main Body Paragraph 2 idea #2, supporting details and examples. : ‘Summarize main points of the essay along with Conclusion eae your position/opinion (restate thesis) Structure allows you address all parts of ~- the task and clearly present your ideasWhat is Overgeneralization? Overgeneralization is when you make a statement that may be true in some or many cases, but NOT in all cases! Example: “Living in big cities is stressful, because they are too overcrowded.” Is this true for everyone who lives in big cities? No, because some people enjoy big cities Example: "Children do not exercise nowadays.” Is this true for every single child? No, because some children do exerciseHow to Stop Overgeneralizing To avoid overgeneralizing, you have to soften your statement with the words below: Dy ete ETE eure y =i Paes aaah os | Leis relia elt could oe many sometimes some may ; usually few might Gn generally anumber of typically alot of probable " tend to several likely occasionally numerous _¢ Generalization: “Living in big cities is stressful, because they are too overcrowded.” ‘ “~ Correction: “Living in big cities can be stressful, because they tend to be too overcrowded.”Generalization LeCel a Todo) Children do not exercise nowadays. Children tend not to exercise nowadays. Generally speaking, living in another Living in another country is difficult. country ean be difficult. Taking an exam is stressful. Taking an exam is often stressful In many cases, learning a new language can Learning a new language is challenging. be challenging. Living in a city is more convenient. Living in a city is typically more convenient. Prison is more effective for reform. Prison may be more effective for reform.What are Cohesive Devices? Cohesive devices are words and phrases that link your ideas together to make your essay flow smoothly. They are the glue that stick your sentences and paragraphs to each other. Example To begin with, teaching children a foreign language in primary school does have some drawbacks, namely the shorter availability of time for other subjects and the delayed development of the child's first language. Learning another language can take away some time from other subjects, such as math and science, which are vital for higher education. Additionally, children may mix up the linguistic structures from the various languages, resulting ina possible delay in the development of their native language.Cohesive Devices fey Talon fey Tuts BY tay Eel Thao) Overall, Considerin First/Firstly, Additionally, Generally, Regarding. Second/Secondly, Furthermore, Generally speaking, In regards t Last/Lastly... Moreover, In general, Moving on to. Initially/Finally as well as... In brief/short, In terms of... Meanwhile, «not only__, but By and large, Specifically, Subsequently, also. Basically, Tobe specific, Eventually, In addition t Asarule, Research shows that... Immediately, On top of that... Essentially, Research has found. Before/After Besides... On the whole, Whenit comes to.. During/While. Another point. Allthings considered, With respectto. Simultaneously, Another reason i Following this. .. followed by.Cohesive Devices Comparison letter Similarly, Alternatively, Likewise, On the contrary, Equally, In/by contrast, Compared with/to On the other hand, In comparison, Conversely, Similar to... Nevertheless, aes Nonetheless, Though/Although Even though. Despite/In spite of... While/Whereas... Unlike... Instead, Cause/Effect PT EE Thus, Above all, Therefore, Mainly, Consequently, In particular, Asa consequence, Asaresult of... Certainly, Absolutely, Undoubtedly, There is no doubt... Precisely Surely Owing to. For this reason...Cohesive Devices Ue sled) Coral ite Taro) Asan example, For instance, For example, Among others, such as... -namely, To cite an example, Asan evidence, Toillustrate, lustrated by. Inthe case of ee Titel) Eee If... ..former/latter Although... In relation to... Unless... _.n Fespectively In proportion to... ‘Such. Apart from. This/that... Provided that... Incase... Whether... Regardless of... Despite of Otherwise... Now that... To put it simply, That is to say, In other words, Inshort/brief, In fact, Toclarify, In essence, To be more precise, To put it another way...Phrases for... Personal Opinion ede fers) Seer aU In my opinion/view/experience, | | wholeheartedly believe... Then/Now My opinion is that... 1am strongly for/against... At the moment | am of the opinion that... Under no circumstances should... | At present Personally speaking, Onno account should... Right now From my point of view, lam avehement/ardent/staunch | These days As far as | am concerned, supporter of... Nowadays From my perspective, It can hardly be denied that... In the past/future It seems to me that... 'strongly opine that... At that time My own viewon the matter is.. | I strongly agree/disagreewith | Years ago | feel/think/believe that... the idea that Before/After I tend to believe that. About a year ago My personal view is that... Back in 2016 Items to me that... | would argue that..Use Collocations Acollocation is a set of 2 or more words that are commonly used together. These “chunks” of words express a particular meaning and are important because they make language more fluent and natural. For example, compare: a. “The best way to get knowledge is through education.” b. “The best way to gain knowledge is through education.” / The wrong version will immediately jump out to native speakers and show your weak English. Let’s look at some examples...Use Collocations Verb-Noun Collocations 1. There are some people who have raised a question. 2. The government is giving priority to the issue of water quality in cities. Verb-Adverb Collocations 1. Many customers have complained bitterly about the terrible service. 2. She apologised profusely after bumping into her boss and spilling his drink. Adjective-Noun collocations 1. Due to the heavy snow overnight, all roads were blocked. 2. Thereis a strong possibility that ocean levels will rise due to climate change.Use Collocations Adverb-Adjective Collocations 1. | was utterly shocked by her bad behaviour. 2. Itis incredibly stupid to drink and drive. Noun-Noun Collocations 1. She got a round of applause after her performance. 2. It can be challenging to work in the service industry for several reasons. Collocations with ‘Have’ or ‘Take’ 1. hada bath, but she took a shower before we both went out to have lunch. 2. If you're having a tough time, you should take a rest.3 Questions for Generating Ideas Itis important for children to learn the difference between right and wrong at an early age. Punishment is necessary to help them learn this distinction. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? @ Why? (support) Example: Infants will not understand what is happening or why he or she is being punished, because their brains are underdeveloped. @ Alternative? (example) Example: Instead of harshly punishing negative behavior, children should be rewarded for good behavior for positive reinforcement. This kind of approach is more effective. © What if (not)? (scenario) Example: If a child is punished, it will teach the child that it is acceptable for larger people to hit smaller ones, which may result in the child starting to. bully others.Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Child's education is not the responsibility of the parents alone. @ Why? (support) Example: Once a child goes to. school, they are entering a wider community where teachers and peers will have just as much influence as their parents do at home. @ Alternative? (example) Example: At school, children will experience working with people from various backgrounds. This experience should teach them how to be good members of society. © What if (not)? (scenario) Example: Ifa child's education becomes the responsibility of parents alone, then children will miss out on the opportunity to learn valuable lessons from others.@ Give general statement @ Paraphrase question statement ~--@ State thesis (position + main ideas) Irv egers (Vid (e ~~ = === === 3 Ways to Write the General StatementSome people believe that unpaid community service should be compulsory part of high school programmes (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). To what extent do you agree or disagree? @ State why the topicis @ Write about recent © Write about the impact of important development in the topic topic on daily life or society Example: Every nationneeds Example: Inthe last few years, Example: Volunteer work citizens who display social numerous approaches to directly benefits the society by commitment and actively work improve society and reinforce increasing the productivity of toimprove the community for — theties betweencommunity _its residents and imparting the welfare of its residents. members have taken root. valuable life skills.Phrases for Starting Introductions Many/some people claim/opine/believe that... There is no denying/doubt that... It is often said that... These days.../ Nowadays... In this day and age... Recently,.../Lately, In the last few years, It is universally accepted that... We live in an age when many of us are... People are divided in their opinion regarding... is one of the most important issues... Whether... or... is a controversial issue/subject...How to Paraphrase @Use Synonyms @Change Word Order|. Main Idea #1 ee 1. Supporting Detail #1 - Body Paragraph #1 2. Supporting Detail #2 IL Main Idea #2 1. Supporting Detail #4 2. Supporting Detail #2 <__-» Body Paragraph #2ies CoM Cre UEe Ca -@ Give2 supporting details Format of Outline @ State main idea #1 I. Main Idea #1. ~~ = 1) Supporting Detail #1 ~ »2) Supporting Detail #2 © Explain detail #1 @ Explain detail #2 ~@ Transition (optional) I. Main Idea #2 ~~ © 1) Supporting Detail #1 » 2) Supporting Detail #2 © State main idea #2 @ Give 2 supporting details © Explain detail #1 © Explain detail #2 Transition (optional)How to Write the Thesis Position/Opinion + Main Ideas Some people believe that unpaid community service should be compulsory part of high school programmes (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). To what extent do you agree or disagree? | strongly agree with this view, because volunteering not only improves the community as a whole but also builds valuable character traits.XIAP Se eA Some people believe that unpaid community service should be compulsory part of high school programmes (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). To what extent do you agree or disagree? “ Outline - Template #1 Position/Opinion: Strongly agree that community service should be compulsory |. Builds character 1. Adds new perspective 2. Builds work ethic I. Improves community 1. Creates unity 2. Caninspire solutions to problemsBi ae [ Format of Outline @ State main idea #1 ~@ Give supporting detail Explain more/give example © Explain more or tran: Eee Te detail ‘@ Explain more/give example Explain more or transition Cae ee as ji State main idea #2Advantage/Disadvantage Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learninga foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages? Outline - Template #2 Position: Yes, advantages outweigh disadvantages L Dis: 1. Underperformance in math, science « Ex. > Digitalization Job Security I Adv. 1. Cultural edu. — healthy social life & — happier state more important Pro tip: Write the paragraph you disagree with first, so that you can refute it in the next paragraph - this will make your essay flow bettgrProblem/Solution Outline - Template #1 : Ihe problem/solution tor In some countries the average weight | declining health are... SEESBIEISIGeteaolea and their 1. Causes ofthe problem levels of health and fitness are 1. Lackof time decreasing. 2. Lack of money What do you think are the causes of these problems and what measure ll. Solutions + Government could be taken to solve them? 1. National campaigns 2. SubsidiesPYRO) Ta) Outline - Template #2 Position/Opinion: Gyms are not the best Some people say that the best way to way to improve a thenumberofsportsfaciites. |. Benefitsof moresyms Others, however, say that this would 1. Easier accessibility — have little effect on public health and & > increased motivation that other measures are required. Il Other measures areneeded ---~~ “. Discuss both these views and give 1. Gov. initiatives H your own opinion: \ — education + help poor areas Z a Your opinion will go in this paragraph You must discuss both sides. You cannot pick just one side!Some people claim that not enough of the waste from homes is recycled. They say that the only way to increase recycling is for governments to make it a legal requirement. To what extent do you think laws are needed to make people recycle more of their waste? Outline - Template #1 Opinion: Strongly believe that recycling laws are paramount 1. Many ignore recycling 1. People will take recycling seriously 2. Law — build good habits Il. Critical for improving planet’s health 1. | Env. pollution 2. Conserves natural resourcesNowadays, the way many people because of technology. the types of relationships people make? Has this become a positive or negative development? Outline - Template #2 Position: Technology has had a positive impact on our relationships |. How technology shapes relationships 1. Formnewrelationships & Ex. FB groups, forums, dating app Il Pos. dev. 1. Phones, email — brings us closer 4 Ex. > stay updated, work meetingsPRAM te et WRITING TASK 2 2 A - Question Statement Write about the following topic: x Some people believe that unpaid community service should be compulsory part of high school programmes (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children). To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.