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Innate System

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14 views

Innate System

Uploaded by

khdj
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Gnp a: The Innate System q Mayor Functions of the innete immontty O Protection Ue First tine of defense, +o initiate adaptive , we need innate by rvwle{ macrophage & dendritic celle) present ontigens te adapive tals ol ot ee Dok mb ae wren tea Qwopt acme teal . oman Bh, Qverview of tmmonity to Pathogers: © First tine of defense: Ve wonspecific Lp for prevention UpFenction: mechantesl , thao, & cafe Q Setond tine of defense ty nonspecific le loiabiaation Lp Higqued, by infection, & AKA indvwed imawnity » mechanison that enhances the inaate syste in a specific way adaptive QTd ne defense Wspeatic Le Steniveation Vw engages in vaccinations to create vrmunologital memory Q. Why do we go through the ard tine of defense? Ai Srd Wine of defence sterilites—> immeonolegical memory Created with Notewise Physical % Chentical Barriers of Innate Immunity We Intact sein (physical barrier) Ye Seloacious gland s W Solbble proteins in Serum Lyiuierterons: grup of protein, made by cle 0 epmse > wheton Ly mucous membrane Ly pulmonary * alveolar macrophages Y micogial cells ty Gl track enaymes, Ly Woprob fic emer in saliva Uy baw pl of stomach ls bie Components of the Innate Sytem OAnatorical Barrier Ly Physical loarrier Wy Chemical barrier @ Cell Le Phagoagtic cells Ww Dendritic Cells Ue Nalural killer cells t> Innate bymphoid els ( 10¢) Q Soluble Proteins Ly Complement Ly Cytokines , Chemokines tp Anli- microbial substances Created with Notewise Origin, Ditterentiation, 2 Characterization ¢ (al of fhe Immune System Pathogen penetrates Tivough the physice) 4 chemical barrier —> jalize ee _ cls 2 i rorpronuear mae} Humetopottit. precasor {gn te marr * macrophages, : water 7 + Innate cele F—7> myeloid precursor % Adoptive cells <—7> lymphoid precorsor High WEL Count > _* infection ® \ekemia Interrelation of Innete ond Adaptive Systems: O they ore interrelated by Shoring & common hematepoithic precureor Pluipotent stem cell © Functional interrelation : APCs peat fangs te els —> ache Jt i ai Hive Q: What ore obmmerthorucher ymphocyte ? A: rQranvlocytes = T-cells Cg: vires, cancer cell, E ove culotoxic * lack antigen specific receptor j but kill by cell-to-cell contact —> apopiosis Q: What oxe natural killer T-cells? Al & Shore innate & adaptive features Seaele aytokines LL induce target cell apoptosis * express Semi-invarant_T call Jeceptor Created with har restricted Set of T cell Neétewise Ql: What ove innate lymphoid cells? A. K ads in earhy stages of immunity aguinct path when the adapive response is nef yet operational He responsible for acuk infechons 3. und healing Pattern Recognition : The Hallmark of innate \rnune Responses Pat - gssocisted molecular patterns (PAMPs) pat 4 microbial struchwe that inmate calls recognite & respond to lp ici 0 s (ln sa iM) CNnconal ‘asnong Various Classes of microorgenitms Pattern, Recognition Receptors Ly recognize PRMPs Le germline encoded Ly can recognibe Stress Signals ¥ altered proteins Le different Families Ly Toll-like receptors (TLR) Ly C-type lectin reaptors (c1ks) Le Nood-like recephors (NERS) Lp Rig-I- like receptors PRRs on Denbitic Cells Lo DCs, highly efficient APCS, express PRRs Ly found: 0m cat surface, in endocytic compartment, in Cyfoplasm Q: Why Can't PAMPs evolve ogoinst innate. calls? At They provide critical fonchon for pahagen sunivel Created with Notewise Toll-like Receptors Up make up 0 large family of receplars (wees) Ly each TLR —> specific receptor i ors Co rest lin rsee Sage PAM» release prilammatary cyfoine Cellular Location of TiRs QTR: a,4,5 4 ‘call sulae La tecomnited by PAMPs @ Te 3,3,3,4 Ly expressed on the surface of endosomal membrane Lo recognive different forms of microbial DNA/RNA Signalling Pathway Adapior Proteins Uvinitigke upon Pottogen interaction Lo Adaptor_protein: MyD@e, Tol tnteredin | tle molecular sats ha, ad Protein protein oy protein inkeracbons In signal aac Created with Notewise Mammalian TRS: Signaing Mechanisms b Calllar Responses Number of Human TIRs: Ly Ih different TLRs THR downain Ly each TLR hus a TR domain (Te-it-42) Lp location: cybplesm Lp fonction: Signaling purpose Reagnition of patingenic moleculey: LoTIRs cin bind fo Molecules fund on/within pathogens Ge ey TUR 3,9 ,8,4 recognite + bind fe 8 DNA of pathejens Higger immune response, GL: How does maste cals Aisctonnate. bho Sell Jronset 7 wR. We have a lot of Coq Dia vb tncated in tne nucleus—s inaccessible fe Thre on Qn dome memiae —> $0, the only CpG islands that con ioe detected im endotome indlong 4 pathogens : Cone. tris uses antigen uniqueness /location rather tan receptors for discrimination - ‘ete a bot Sng fo eb ge ad nd ee ee oe. O=® Qi How des translation. happen bho phy hr chemice using tezpoe, angen, J TiR Ai: Pathagen PADS engage wf extrceifer domain of ankbody—a TTR achivales —> recruits ct — achoatn of prokn Kine —» asta) trancoigton face —> ve trasiripion —> Expo of rmnmcg tine or danineah cubtines ied with Notewise Example of TR: Recognition of Fungal PAMPs 0 Recognition of fungal PAMPs Vabongal PAMDS are fungal cell wall derived Signals innate System fo retagnive h activate @ Activation of Antifungal Elfector Function: le Fungal PAMPs recognition —> achvation of antifungal effector funchons in 4, respiratory burst, degranulation, Pradecton of N-rapoe boy DCs @TUL- Cell Response. Yactivated Toy the effects ob anthagal effector Fnchons, Le Function: coordinakes. inamune response Oyrinst Fungal infections using antfagal T-helper CaN responses (Th-4) Created with Notewise

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