Year 2 (2024) H2 MATHEMATICS TUTORIAL 13B Complex Numbers

Argand Diagram and Polar Representation of Complex Numbers

1. Express the following complex numbers in the polar form, as well as in exponential form, stating the
modulus and argument in each case. Represent each complex number on separate Argand diagrams
(a) − 4 (b) −3i (c) −6 − 6i
2π
π π  π π i
(d) cos + i sin (e) 2  cos − i sin  (f) −6e 3
2 3  3 3

π
2. Let z be a complex number with 0 < arg z < . Let A represent z on the Argand diagram. Sketch on a
2
single Argand diagram, the point A and the points representing the following complex numbers:
1
(a) 2z (b) −z (c) z* (d) −z* (e) iz (f) −iz (g)
z
You should illustrate the geometrical relationship for each point with respect to A clearly on your diagram.

3. HCI Prelim 2021/1/2(a)

The complex number z has modulus 2 and argument θ and the complex number w has modulus r and
π π z 1  π π
argument − , where r is a positive constant and − < θ < 0 . Given
= that  sin + icos  , find
2 2 w 32  6 6
the values of r and θ .

4. DHS Prelim 2019/II/4 (rephrased)

The complex number w has modulus 2 and argument 14 π and the complex number z has modulus 2
and argument 56 π.
(i) Express each of w and z in the form x + iy . Hence find the exact real and imaginary part of w + z.
(ii) On a single Argand diagram, sketch the points P, Q, R representing the complex numbers z , w and
z + w respectively. State the geometrical shape of the quadrilateral OPRQ.
a+ 2
(iii) Referring to the Argand diagram in part (ii), find arg( w + z ) and show that tan ( 11
24 )
π = where
6 +b
a and b are constants to be determined.

5. N2014/II/4(b) (Modified)
w
It is given that = 3 −i .
(i) Without using a calculator, find an exact expression for w6 . Give your answer in the form r eiθ , where
r > 0 and 0 ≤ θ < 2π . [3]
wn
(ii) Without using a calculator, find the three smallest positive whole number values for n for which
w*
is a positive real number. [4]
6. ACJC Prelim 2010/1/4 [Modified]
2π −i
The complex number w has modulus 3 and argument . Find the modulus and argument of , where
3 w*
−i
w* is the complex conjugate of w. Hence express in the form a + ib , where a and b are real, giving
w*
n
 −i 
the exact values of a and b in non-trigonometrical form. Find the set of values of n such that   is
 w* 
purely imaginary.

7. YJC Prelim 2009/I/3

Do not use a calculator in answering this question.
4
 π π
 cos + i sin 
3 3
The complex number w is given by w =  .
5
 π π
 cos − i sin 
 6 6
(i) Find w and the exact value of arg(w). Hence, find the value of w 6 .
(ii) Show that (cos θ + i sin θ)(1 + cos θ − i sin θ) = 1 + cos θ + i sin θ . Hence, find the value of
(1 + w)6 + (1 + w* )6 , where w∗ is the complex conjugate of w.

8. N1998/II/12b
e iθ
(a) The complex number q is given by q = , where 0 < θ < 2π. In either order,
1 − e iθ
1 1 
(i) find the real part of q, (ii) show that the imaginary part of q is cot  θ  .
2 2 
π π
−i −i
(b) Show that complex number z = 1+ e can be expressed as 3e 6 . The complex number zw has
3

3
modulus 5 and argument π . Find the complex number w in exact polar form.
4
9. N2019/I/9
(i) The complex number w can be expressed as cosθ + isin θ .
1
(a) Show that w + is a real number. [2]
w
w −1 1
(b) Show that can be expressed as k tan θ , where k is a complex number to be found. [4]
w +1 2
z − 3i
(ii) The complex number z has modulus 1. Find the modulus of the complex number . [5]
1 + 3iz
Answers:
− 3π i
 3π  3π
πi
  π  π   3e − 2   
1.(a) 4 ( cos π + i sin π ) =
4eiπ (b) 3  cos  −  + i sin  −   = (c) 6 2  cos  −  + i sin  − 6 2e 4
 =
  2  2    4   4 
πi −π
 −π  −π  
πi

(d)
3 π π 3 2
(e)
  π  +i sin  − π  = − 
(f) 6  cos 
 i
 cos + i sin = e 2  cos  −    2e 3  + i sin   =6e 3
2  2 2 2   3  3    3   3 
 π π π 1 π π π 3π π
2. 2  cos + i sin  ; 2 2 , ; , − ; 2 , − ; 8 2, − ; 2, 3. r = 64, θ = −
 4 4  4 2 4 4 4 4 6
 6  2
4. (i) w + z =  1 −  + 1 +  i (iii) a = 2, b = −2 5. w6 = 64eiπ (ii) n = 11, 23, 35
 2   2 
1 π 3 i π
6. , , + , {n : n ∈ , n = 3(2k + 1), k ∈ } 7. (i) w = 1 , arg w = , w6= -1 (ii) 0
3 6 6 6 6
11π
1 5   11   11   5 i 12
8. (a)(i) − ; (b) w =  cos  π  + i sin  π   or e 9.(ii) 1
2 3  12   12   3