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Module 1.6 Settling and Sedimentation

The document discusses sedimentation and settling processes including free settling, hindered settling, and terminal velocity. It defines sediments and sedimentation, and describes the different types of settling processes. Formulas and examples are provided for calculating terminal velocity under various conditions.

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Lisa Valois Pedrigal
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31 views

Module 1.6 Settling and Sedimentation

The document discusses sedimentation and settling processes including free settling, hindered settling, and terminal velocity. It defines sediments and sedimentation, and describes the different types of settling processes. Formulas and examples are provided for calculating terminal velocity under various conditions.

Uploaded by

Lisa Valois Pedrigal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sedimentation

⚫ W H A T A R E S EDIMENTS ?
CHE132 - is the accumulation of sand and dirt that settles in the
SETTLING AND SEDIMENTATION bottom of lakes.
- is also what you get in the bottom of a glass of iced tea
when the sugar doesn't all dissolve.

⚫ WHAT IS SEDIMENTATION?
- the process of accumulation of sediments.

Engr. Brylle Rosales


MITL

Terminal Velocity Terminal Velocity


L OCATION AT PERRY’S
⚫ 8th Edition:
Section 6 : pages 6-51 to 6-56
Section 18: pages 18-66 to 18-82

⚫ 7th Edition:
Section 6: pages 6-50 to 6-54
Section 18: pages 18-59 to 18-73

Types of Settling Free Settling Velocity

1. Free Settling – The process when the particle is at


Steps:
sufficient distance from the boundaries of the 1. Determine the value of K
container and from other particles, so that its fall is
Dp = particle diameter ρf = the fluid denisity
not affected by them.
Free Settling Calculations ρp = the particles density µf = the fluid viscosity

2. Hindered Settling – The process when the motion of


particle is impeded by other particles, which will 2. Determine the region of K
happen when the particles are near each other even
though they may not actually be colliding. Condition (MRII Reviewer) Range
K < 3.3 Stoke’s Law
CD in hindered settling is greater than in free settling. 3.3 < K < 44 Intermediate Law
K > 44 Newton’s Law
Free Settling Velocity MRII Example: Seatwork #3

3. get the terminal velocity using the appropriate Law


Determine the terminal settling velocity of dust Determine the terminal settling velocity of dust
particles having a diameter of 60 microns at 294.3 particles having a diameter of 85 microns at 294.3
K and 101.32 kPa. The dust particles can be K and 101.32 kPa. The dust particles can be
considered spherical with a density of 1280 kg/m3. considered spherical with a density of 1300 kg/m3.

For air: viscosity = 0.01828 x10-3 Pa.s and density For air: viscosity = 0.01828 x10-3 Pa.s and density
4. If required for the time and height. = 1.202 kg/m3.
= 1.202 kg/m3.

Hindered Settling

⚫ When the particles are crowded, They settle at

Hindered Settling Calculations a lower rate and the process is called hindered
settling.

⚫ The particles interfere with the motion of


individual particles.

Hindered Settling McCabe (1993) Seatwork #4

Solid spherical particles having a diameter of 90


microns and a solid specific gravity of 2.002 are
settling in a solution of water at 26.7oC. The volume
fraction of the solids in the water is 0.45.

Viscosity of CCl4 @20oC = 1.03 cP For Water: Density = 994.7 kg/m3 and viscosity =
0.861x10-3 Pa.s
References

⚫ http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/drag+force
⚫ https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/sediment
⚫ https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/
⚫ Dr. Leonardo C. Medina Jr.’s PowerPoint
• Rhodes Particle Technology
• Perry’s Chemical Engineering HB (8th Ed)
• MRII Chemical Engineering Licensure Exam Reviewer

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