Class 12 Last Lesson Notes
Class 12 Last Lesson Notes
Name: Class: 10
Name of the Teacher: GS Date : 14 April
2022
Topic: Prose 1 – The Last Lesson- Alphonse Daudet
AAL Worksheet
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Question 6.
What was tempting Franz to keep away from school That morning’?
(Comptt. Delhi 2010)
Answer:
Franz was very late for school ‘that morning’. M. Hamel was to question the
students on participles and Franz knew nothing and feared a scolding. The
bright weather, woods, fields and chirping of birds tempted him to spend
the day outdoors. Question 7.
What was unusual about M. Hamel’s dress and behaviour on the day of his
last French lesson? (Comptt. Delhi 2010)
Answer:
On the day of his last French lesson M. Hamel was unexpectantly kind. He
had put on his beautiful green coat, frilled shirt and an embroidered black
silk cap that he normally wore only on inspection and prize days. In his last
lesson he explains everything with unusual patience as if he wants to teach
them everything he has ever learned in their last French class.
Question 8.
Why had the bulletin-board become a centre of attention during the last
two years? (Comptt. All India 2010)
Answer:
The bulletin-board had become a centre of attention because for the last
two years all the bad news had come from there. It was the source of all
bad news-the lost battles, the draft and the orders of the commanding
officers.
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Question 9.
What was Franz expected to be prepared with for the school that day?
(Delhi 2011)
Answer:
Franz had started very late for school that morning. He feared facing his
class-teacher, M. Hamel. Because he was expected to be prepared with his
grammar lesson on participles and he did not know even the first word
about them. So he feared a scolding. Question 10.
What had been put up on the bulletin board? (Delhi 2011)
Answer:
A notice had been put up on the bulletin board informing the people about
the order from Berlin which declared that only German was to be taught in
the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. They had also been informed that the
new German teacher was coming on the following day.
Question 11.
Who did M.Hamel blame for the neglect of learning on the part of boys like
Franz? (Delhi 2011)
Answer:
M. Hamel blamed various people for different reasons for the neglect of
learning on the part of boys like Franz. First he blamed the parents for not
being anxious to have their children learn and rather engaging them into
household work. He blamed the boys themselves for preferring to work on
mills and farms. He also blamed himself for sending boys on errands for his
convenience.
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Question 12.
Franz thinks, “Will they make them sing in German, even the pigeons?”
What does this tell us about the attitude of the Frenchmen? (All India
2011)
Answer:
During his last French class Franz hears the pigeons cooing and wonders if
the Prussians would make them sing in German too. His thought reveals
the Frenchmen’s fear of complete domination by the Germans whereby
they would try to enslave even their minds. Question 13.
“What announcement did M. Hamel make? What was the impact of this on
Franz? (All India 2011)
Answer:
When M.Hamel declared that it was their last French lesson a grim
realisation dawned on Franz that he had so much more yet to learn. He felt
sorry for whiling away his time and skipping his lessons. Now he did not
want to part with his books, which he had earlier consi¬dered a nuisance.
He was also deeply pained at the thought that M.Hamel was leaving.
Question 14.
What did M. Hamel tell the people in the class about French language?
What did he ask them to do and why? (Comptt. Delhi 2011)
Answer:
M. Hamel told the people in his class that French was the most beautiful,
the clearest and the most logical language in the world. He advised them to
guard it among themselves j and never to forget it because it would prove
to be the key to their prison when they were I enslaved.
Question 15.
What changes did the order from Berlin cause in the school? (Delhi 2012)
Answer:
The shocking order from Berlin that only German would be taught in the
schools of Alsace and Lorraine saddened and hurt the pride of the French
people. So as a gesture to express their solidarity for their language the
village elders also attended school for the last French lesson. The usual
hustle and bustle was missing from school and it was unusually quiet. M.
Hamel was also dressed in his formal suit which he wore only on special
occasions.
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Question 16.
How did M.Hamel say farewell to his students and the people of the town?
(All India 2012)
Answer:
To bid farewell to his students and the people of the town M.Hamel wore
his formal suit on the day he gave his last French lesson. He assumed the
role of a mentor and advised the villagers to safeguard their language,
which was the most beautiful and logical language in the world. Being
rimmed up with emotions, he wrote “Vive La France” which mean Tong
live France’ in order to inculcate a feeling of patriotism within everyone.
Question 17.
What were Franz’s regrets after M. Hamel’s announcement of his last
lesson? (Comptt. Delhi 2012)
Answer:
When M. Hamel announced that it was their last French lesson, Franz
realised he had so much more to learn. He felt sorry for whiling away his
time and skipping his lessons. He was also deeply pained at the thought of
M. Hamel leaving the school.
Question 18.
What change was there in Franz’ attitude towards M. Hamel? (Comptt. All
India 2012)
Answer:
Franz’s attitude towards M. Hamel underwent a complete change on the
day of the last French lesson. He developed a strange fascination for his
school and the French language. When M. Hamel read out a grammar
lesson to the class, Franz was amazed at how well he understood it. All M.
Hamel said seemed so easy to Franz and he genuinely regretted ignoring
M. Hamel’s classes and lessons.
Question 19.
Why did M. Hamel not scold Franz when the latter fumbled with the rule
for the participle? (Comptt. All India 2012)
Answer:
Since it was M. Hamel’s last class in Alsace, he did not scold Franz when the
latter fumbled with the rule for the participle. He told Franz that he would
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not scold him as he knew that Franz was already feeling terrible enough
and reproaching himself a great deal.
Question 20.
How did Franz react to the declaration that it was their last French lesson?
(Delhi 2013)
Answer:
When M.Hamel declared that it was their last French lesson a grim
realisation dawned on Franz that he had so much more yet to learn. He felt
sorry for whiling away his time and skipping his lessons. Now he did not
want to part with his books, which he had earlier considered a nuisance.
He was also deeply pained at the though that M.Hamel was leaving.
Question 21.
What did M. Hamel tell them about the French language? What did he ask
them to do and why? (Delhi 2013)
Answer:
M. Hamel told the people in his class that French was the most beautiful,
the clearest and the most logical language in the world. He advised them to
guard it among themselves j and never to forget it because it would prove
to be the key to their prison when they were I enslaved.
Question 22.
What was the order from Berlin and what changes did it cause in the
school? (All India 2013)
Answer:
The shocking order from Berlin that only German would be taught in the
schools of Alsace and Lorraine saddened and hurt the pride of the French
people. So as a gesture to express their solidarity for their language the
village elders also attended school for the last French lesson. The usual
hustle and bustle was missing from school and it was unusually quiet. M.
Hamel was also dressed in his formal suit which he wore only on special
occasions.
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Question 23.
Why did Franz think of running away from the school that morning?
(Comptt. Delhi 2013)
Answer:
Franz was tempted to run away and spend the day outside instead of
attending school as it was a warm and bright day and he wanted to watch
the Prussian soldiers’ drill. Moreover he had not done his lesson on
participles from which his teacher, M. Hamel was going to question and
feared a scolding from his teacher.
Question 24.
What did Franz see when he passed the town hall? (Comptt. Delhi 2013)
Answer:
When Franz passed the town hall he saw there was a crowd in front of the
bulletin board. For the last two years all the bad news of lost battles, the
draft etc. had come from there and Franz thought to himself what the
matter was then and what bad news awaited them.
Question 25.
When Franz reached his school, what unusual situation did he observe?
(Comptt. Delhi 2013)
Answer:
The usual hustle and bustle of the morning hours could not be seen on the
day of the last lesson. It was all very still and quiet as it used to be on a
Sunday morning. The din of opening and closing of desks and the rapping
of the teacher’s ruler on the table could not be heard. The students had
already taken their places and even the village elders had gathered there.
Question 26.
After sitting down at his desk what unusual things did Franz observe about
M. Hamel? (Comptt. All India)
Answer:
Franz realised that M. Hamel was not his usual cranky self and said nothing
to him even though he was late for the class. Moreover their teacher was
wearing his beautiful green coat, his frilled shirt and the little black silk
cap, all embroidered, that he wore only on special days in school.
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Question 27.
“But the thing that surprised me most was to see ” What surprised Franz
most in the class? (Comptt. All India 2013)
Answer:
The thing that surprised Franz the most when he entered the classroom
was to see the village people sitting as quietly as the students on the back
benches of the class that were always empty. This included old Hauser, the
former mayor, the former postmaster and several others.
Question 28.
What tempted Franz to stay away from school? (Delhi 2014)
Answer:
Little Franz was tempted to run away and spend the day outside instead of
attending school as it was a warm and bright day with the birds chirping
merrily. Moreover, he was tempted to watch the Prussian soldiers’ drill. All
these things appeared rather tempting considering he did not know his
participles and feared the French teacher M. Hamel’s scolding on that day.
Question 29.
Why were the elders of the village sitting in the classroom? (All India
2014)
Answer:
The elders of the village were sitting in the classroom as a mark of respect
which they wanted to show for their language and their country. They felt
sorry for not having learnt their language and wanted to thank M. Hamel
for his forty years of faithful service.
Question 30.
What words did M. Hamel write on the black board before dismissing the
last class? What did they mean? (Comptt. Delhi 2014)
Answer:
Before dismissing the last French class, M. Hamel turned to the blackboard,
took a piece of chalk and wrote as large as he could -“Vive la France!”
These words meant “Long Live France”. He then made a gesture with his
hand that the class was dismissed.
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Question 31.
Who were sitting on the back benches during M. Hamel’s last lesson? Why?
(Comptt. Delhi 2014)
Answer:
The village elders were sitting on the back benches during M. Hamel’s last
lesson. They included old Hauser, the former mayor, the former
postmaster and several others. They were there to show their respect for
their language and their country.
Question 32.
Why is the order from Berlin called a thunderclap by Franz? (Comptt. Delhi
2014)
Answer:
The order from Berlin is called a thunderclap by Franz, because it was a
complete shock for him. He had never thought that he would be deprived
of the right of learning his native language. He realised he had so much
more yet to learn and was going to lose the opportunity.
Question 33.
Why does M. Hamel reproach himself for his students’ unsatisfactory
progress in studies? (Comptt. All India 2014)
Answer:
M. Hamel reproaches himself for his students’ unsatisfactory progress in
studies. He had often sent them to water his flowers instead of learning
their lessons. And when he wanted to go fishing, he gave them a holiday.
Question 34.
What made M. Hamel cry towards the end of his last lesson? (Comptt. All
India 2014)
Answer:
Towards the end of his last French lesson, as the church clock struck
twelve and the trumpets of the Prussians sounded under the window, M.
Hamel was completely overwhelmed with emotions. Feeling choked, he
was unable to talk further and dismissed the class by making a gesture
with his hand.
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Question 35.
What was unusual about M. Hamel’s dress on his last day in the school?
(Comptt. All India 2014)
Answer:
In honour of his last French lesson in the school, M. Hamel had put on his
fine Sunday clothes. He had on his green coat, his frilled shirt and the little
black, all embroidered silk cap that he never wore except on inspection
and prize days.
Question 36.
Who occupied the back benches in the classroom on the day of the last
lesson? Why? (Delhi 2015)
Answer:
The village people occupied the backbenches in the classroom on the day
of the last lesson. They included the old hauser, the former mayor, the
former postmaster and several others. They had come there to thank their
master for his valuable service and to show their respect for their language
and country which was no longer theirs.
Question 37.
Why did M. Hamel write ‘Vive La France’ on the blackboard? (Delhi 2015 )
Answer:
Before dismissing the class, M. Hamel writes ‘Vive La France’ (Long Live
France) on the blackboard. He was extremely patriotic and he does this to
make the Alsacians conscious that they had to safeguard their language
and identity among themselves as this was the key to their prison.
Question 38.
“We’ve all a great deal to reproach ourselves with”, said M. Hamel.
Comment. (Delhi 2015)
Answer:
M. Hamel blamed everyone for putting off learning till the next time and
thus losing out on the opportunity to learn their native language, French.
The parents preferred to put their children to work on a farm or at the
mills so that they could earn more money. M. Hamel too sent them to water
his flowers and gave them a holiday when he wanted to go for fishing.
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Question 39.
How did the order from Berlin change the situation in the school? (All India
2015)
Answer:
The shocking order from Berlin after the defeat of France shocked the
French people. It declared that all the schools in the two French districts of
Alsace and Lorraine would now teach only German. This not only saddened
but also hurt the pride of the people of France. On the day of the French
teacher M.Hamel’s last lesson, even the village elders came to show their
respect to him for serving the community faithfully for forty years. The
usual hustle and bustle too was missing from school and Franz found it
unusually quiet as it used to be on a Sunday morning. M.Hamel was
dressed in his formal suit. Even though Franz reached late M.Hamel did not
scold him. He then went on to praising the French language at length by
referring to it as the most beautiful language. He called upon the French
people to safeguard their language among themselves and not to forget it
ever.
Question 40.
Whom did M.Hamel blame for Franz’s inabil¬ity to answer his questions?
(Comptt. Delhi 2015)
Answer:
Hamel blamed the parents who sent the children to work instead of
sending them to school. He blamed himself for making them water the
plants and giving them a holiday when he wanted to go fishing. He also
blamed the students themselves for delaying the learning of their lessons
thinking that there was plenty of time.
Question 41.
How did M.Hamel display his love for the French language? (Comptt. Delhi
2015)
Answer:
M. Hamel had great love for the French language which he had been
teaching for forty years. For him it was the most beautiful, most logical and
clearest language. He wanted the French people to preserve it among
themselves and this would enable them to be free from foreign rule.
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Question 42.
What was the bulletin board news that caused a change in the school?
(Comptt. All India 2015)
Answer:
The bulletin board news that caused a change in the school was that, that
day was going to be the last French lesson for the schools of Alsace and
Lorraine. The order had come from Berlin to teach only German in the
schools and their new German teachers would come the next day.
Question 43.
Who were sitting on the backbenches on the day of the last lesson? Why?
(Comptt. All India 2016)
Answer:
The village people occupied the backbenches in the classroom on the day
of the last lesson. They included the old hauser, the former mayor, the
former postmaster and several others. They had come there to thank their
master for his valuable service and to show their respect for their language
and country which was no longer theirs.
Question 44.
Why were people standing in front of the bulletin board in ‘The Last
Lesson’? Why did Franz not join the crowd? (Comptt. All India 2016)
Answer:
For the past two years the bulletin board had been the bearer of all bad
news—the lost battles, drafts, orders from the commanding officer. That
day an order had come from Berlin that from the next day a new teacher
would teach German instead of French in the school. Franz could not join
the crowd as he was already late for his class and could not afford further
delay.
Question 45.
Why did Franz not want to go to school that day? (Delhi 2016)
Answer:
Franz was tempted to run away and spend the day outside instead of
attending school as it was a warm and bright day and he wanted to watch
the Prussian soldiers’ drill. Moreover he had not done his lesson on
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participles from which his teacher, M. Hamel was going to question and
feared a scolding from his teacher.
Question 46.
Why was Franz not scolded for reaching the school late that day? (Delhi
2016)
Answer:
It was to be their last French lesson that day. The order from Berlin
allowed only German language to be taught in the schools of Alsace and
Lorraine. Hence their teacher, M. Hamel, was in a sad and sombre mood. So
he did not scold Franz for reaching school late that day.
Question 47.
What did Franz wonder about when he entered the class that day? (Delhi
2016)
Answer:
Franz wondered about a number of things when he entered the class that
day. He wondered as to why he was not given a scolding by his teacher, M.
Hamel for being late, why his teacher was wearing his formal clothes which
he wore only on inspections and prize days and why the village elders
were sitting on the backbenches in the classroom.
Question 48.
Why were some elderly persons occupying the backbenches that day? (All
India 2016)
Answer:
The elders of the village were sitting in the classroom as a mark of respect
which they wanted to show for their language and their country. They felt
sorry for not having learnt their language and wanted to thank M. Hamel
for his forty years of faithful service.
Question 49.
“What a thunderclap these words were to me!” (Franz). What were those
words and what was their effect on Franz? (All India 2016)
Answer:
When M.Hamel mounted on the chair and announced that he was there to
teach his last French lesson that day, Franz was shocked and surprised. He
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felt very guilty for deliberately ignoring to learn his native language and he
suddenly developed a strange fascination for his language and his school.
Question 50.
How were the parents and M. Hamel respon¬sible for the children’s
neglect of the French language? (All India 2016)
Answer:
M. Hamel blamed everyone for putting off learning till the next time and
thus losing out on the opportunity to learn their native language, French.
The parents preferred to put their children to work on a farm or at the
mills so that they could earn more money. M. Hamel too sent them to water
his flowers and gave them a holiday when he wanted to go for fishing.
Question 51.
How is the title ‘The Last Lesson’ appropriate? (Comptt. Delhi 2016)
Answer:
The title ‘The Last Lesson’ is appropriate because it was M. Hamel’s last
lesson and also the last French lesson in the school. During the last lesson,
the teacher, as well as all those who were attending it, were feeling
nostalgic and repentant.
Question 52.
What changes did the order from Berlin cause on the day of the last lesson?
(Comptt. Delhi 2016)
Answer:
The shocking order from Berlin that only German would be taught in the
schools of Alsace and Lorraine saddened and hurt the pride of the French
people. So as a gesture to express their solidarity for their language the
village elders also attended school for the last French lesson. The usual
hustle and bustle was missing from school and it was unusually quiet. M.
Hamel was also dressed in his formal suit which he wore only on special
occasions.
Question 53.
How different did M.Hamel look that particu¬lar morning in ‘The Last
Lesson’? (Comptt. All India)
Answer:
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In honour of his last French lesson in the school, M. Hamel had put on his
fine Sunday clothes. He had on his green coat, his frilled shirt and the little
black, all embroidered silk cap that he never wore except on inspection
and prize days.
Question 54.
What was M.Hamel’s regret on the day of the last lesson? (Comptt. All India
2016)
Answer:
M. Hamel’s regret on the last day of the French lesson was that they all had
put off learning their language till the next day and now most of them who
claimed to be Frenchmen could neither speak nor write their language. For
this they all, including M. Hamel himself, had a great deal to reproach
themselves with.
Question 55.
How different was the scene in the classroom on the day of the last lesson?
(Comptt. All India 2016)
Answer:
The usual hustle and bustle of the morning hours could not be seen on the
day of the last lesson. It was all very still and quiet as it used to be on a
Sunday morning. The din of opening and closing of desks and the rapping
of the teacher’s ruler on the table could not be heard. The students had
already taken their places and even the village elders had gathered there.
Question 56.
What did the French teacher tell his students in his last French lesson?
What impact did it have on them? Why? (All India 2009)
Answer:
M. Hamel told his students that a new order from Berlin has declared that
all schools of Alsace and Lorraine would teach only German so this was
going to be their last French lesson. This new order aroused patriotic
feelings in him and he, in turn, wanted to arouse similar patriotism in his
students and the village elders. He made them conscious of the glory and
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value of the French language and told them to safeguard it among
themselves and keep it alive at all costs as it was the key to their unity and
liberation. Everyone listened to him sadly but with rapt attention and
respect. Even little Franz listened to his teacher’s words with a new-found
interest. He felt sorry that he had neglected learning French. Everyone
from the village assembled in the class to thank Mr. Hamel for his forty
years of faithful service to the community.
Question 57.
How different from usual was the atmosphere at school on the day of the
last lesson? (All India 2015)
Answer:
Acquiring power over the Alsacians made the Prussians so dominating that
they even imposed their language on them. This way the Prussians
intended to dominate the hearts and minds of the Alsacians and wanted
them to even think in their language and thereby lose their complete
identity. An order had been received from Berlin that only German would
be taught in schools of Alsace and Lorraine. So there was something
unusual about the school on the last day of the French lesson. The usual
hustle and bustle was missing. Everything was ‘strange and solemn’ as on a
Sunday morning. The village elders were seated on the back desks.
M.Hamel, who had been teaching French at the school for the last forty
years, was wearing his formal suit in honour of the last French lesson.
While delivering the last lesson, he called upon his students and the village
elders to guard the French language among themselves and never forget it,
declaring French to be the most beautiful language in the world. Franz
developed a sudden fascination for school and the French language and a
sudden respect for M.Hamel. He wanted his teacher to stay and felt very
guilty for having neglected his French lessons as now he was being
deprived of the opportunity of learning his language.
Question 58.
Everybody during the last lesson is filled with regret. Comment. (All India
2015)
17
Answer:
The one common feeling that fills each and every person who is present in
the last French lesson is an acute sense of regret. M. Hamel reproaches
himself for putting off his students’ learning till the next day and sending
them to water his flowers instead of learning their lessons. He also gave his
students a holiday when he wanted to go fishing. Franz felt sorry for not
learning his lessons and escaping school. He wished he had attended his
classes more often and even the thought of losing his teacher saddened
him. The village elders occupied the back benches of the class to atone for
their guilt and express their regret for not having attended school
regularly. They were now showing their respect for the country that was
theirs no more.
Question 59.
Our language is part of our culture and we are proud of it. Describe how
regretful M.Hamel and the village elders are for having neglected their
native language, French. (Delhi 2016)
Answer:
The feeling of regretfulness for having neglected their native language,
French comes quite late to M. Hamel and the village elders. They realise
rather late that their language is part of their culture and they should be
proud of it. It is only after they have been deprived of learning their
language that they understand its value. The imposition of German
language made them suddenly realise the authority of their captors and
they felt a loss of freedom. So on the day of the last French lesson the
village elders are seated on the back desks and M. Hamel, who had been
teaching French at the school for the last forty years, was wearing his
formal suit as a mark of respect for the last French lesson. M. Hamel
expressed how they all had a great deal to reproach themselves for as most
of the people of Alsace could neither speak nor write French. Parents
preferred to put their children to work on farms or mills.
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the most beautiful language tn the world. Each one of them felt guilty for
having ignored the French lessons.
Question 60.
Our native language is part of our culture and we are proud of it. How does
the presence of village elders in the classroom and M.Hamel’s last lesson
show their love for French? (All India 2016)
Answer:
Acquiring power over the French made the Prussians so dominating that
they decided to impose even their language on them. So on the day of the
last French lesson the village elders were seated on the back seats of the
classroom. They felt sad and sorry for not having gone to school more
often. Their presence was also their way of thanking their master, M.Hamel
for his forty years of faithful service. M.Hamel himself had put on his fine
Sunday clothes in honour of the last French lesson. Assuming the role of
mentor he advised the class to safeguard and preserve their language
among themselves and never forget it. He called French the most beautiful
and logical language in the world. By the end of the class M.Hamel was so
choked with emotion and could not speak so he took a piece of chalk and
wrote on the blackboard “Vive la France!” (Long Live France) and then
dismissed the class.
Question 61.
Describe the atmosphere in the class on the day of the last lesson. (Comptt.
Delhi 2016)
Answer: On the day of the last French lesson the atmosphere in the class
was strange and solemn. The school was as quiet as if it was a Sunday
morning. The teacher (M.FIamel) moving in the class with his ruler under
his arm was wearing his special dress for the last class. The elders of the
village were sitting on the backbenches of the classroom. All the students
were studying with complete attention and the teacher was teaching with
full dedication. All this was due to an order from Berlin that from the next
day German would be taught instead of French by a new teacher. While
delivering the last lesson, the teacher called upon his students and the
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village elders to guard the French language among themselves and never
forget it, declaring French to be the most beautiful language in the world.
20