122, RLLOY STEEL | S*Rucrurene Steet Fig. 1-3 $4. Fle 1 YEtD PomT YIELD STRERGTH w/a ORPER YiELD Pore 280 MPs Lower YIE6O Rot 265 MP5 menus oF RESKIEWCE 21955 MP5 ULTIMATE Tews STREVGTH| 715 Pa VIO MPs STRAW AT FRACTURE O23 2.26 PER CENT ELONGATION 23% 26% 1.23) assume: 1. Piane Sections woRma. To 7wE AXIS OF THE ROD REMAIL PLWWE UNCER APPLICATION Of THE LOAD, 2. SHEAR STRAWS VARY LinEARLY preom THE AougiTemwak AXIS, 3. Heokele Law APppiiES Eeonisrium) £M,20 Te Se7dA (2) comParieniry: £ | us Bomo ca) Hoone’s Laws T2768 6) sam (0) iro) ¢ THEW Ch) wre (2) FROM GEOMETRY OF OBFORMATION: Man Es re tt rage sus () ¢ (e) wre Ce) 2 6(#) rh orha4] “Assume: (. Prawe sections wena To THE AXIS OF THE BATS REMAN) PLALE UWWDER APPLICATION OF THE LOAD. B.Hoors’s Law aprees, Eq vniariem: Hoond’s Law: PeogAR (a) o =Ee © Cont marey: BLT ee te) ASL eck -HK(a-d) sve (d) rere (a) T sua. (c) # Ce) mre (2): ace (SEL AX (ch-)] Ke tds Pert x ol (Stan aaa oD 425) | Roos: Age EIS") 27069 mm? | sea (0) mre (8) Fire: Ap= Glico 9e)=/992me"| Ate 2/2324 (oA) Arran assemert: Ty=Cp> 1(69) <260M sua (c) $f (ef) wo (a) ope THER = 36718 mR, Tpz HED. 174.3 py P= 60.23 MPa 7r7e L23209 2% = ~Feeg = 174.3 MPa Arter PRessune I APPLIED: Ss Samay 2 S42. MPs PEI) = aT eae (2) bTal 4GL Aly Al: GEee mG ) LEAKAGE REQUIREMEWT? | | | | | | | conparigniry: \ I 1 | AGp-260kN (c) \ |126 @ Figue a owe thy hare tubjedte ts free P. Fcc agent b Awwr the fre- Lrogramd Ae if Aer, Aby heminum bor, UES A. wae prc bedy diagram. oieutke Pe Reh G eet By Eg Ci2)and Fipaadh 4 ea; A Fam Bs kobe Sa= oe he ®) Figure a 4 By pe @) and), P= fa EsAgle fin, - P-BY(E Asha) Steel Bally Fatal -<— loanoy Sig te apn B, ux pocd ——) PE Asa Bale fale HY PUY, =P the aber win thy dled bar 44 Bonk =A P/Estsba Ca, ee eee G Ar iy EAjlgt Ea Aals Figure b Sermucbanly by E94. @) and), 2, = Lika tals _ (P-R)(fMels) « be A, baw EjAs Le "pp . PEatels EsAglatEhals Hone, thy ete 40 Athy aluminum bar 44 (Eatals Ya. = ae eet read ) cont.)1.26 cont. (B) When Me Rept wilh 4 Qraplaced A Are night by on emeunt § Hoe procak he dee dutploeQ thy right hy an amet Sa CFig- ¢)- steel Alominem, By Ey-(.2) and Fig-c, po a Fla ay i Le S*E ® - ha oA FL Fr 8 _ et S-4e58 ® F 7 By Fe @ ard), Figure ¢ Li ple 4, Ls S* by HE = Fa eee) oe B Eahaie As Ey AglatEs fabs Hamee, by EGC), Hy otieer an Hy Mie) ban ai. get 2S Fates 50S” eehdlat Eas ond th, sbiees. ain Athy abamunim hor Au ge fe a SEabshs a Ae EshylatGA Ls| 122 lay Condi the fre Bory diagrem ge (Fq.a). Oy bhris ; Ef=T-W=0 W= ALpg, 2 deedlnshin diperity Aen dye é Tetlpe @ wealps so bp mapa dere i the cable Le Sag LPR For Atp ateef cable, 4-0), L 1030, Figure a Tray = jg Me = RH pe = L(1920)(2-21) i 7 L=1325.7 m © Similarly fot themerum cable Orang = 5 = SP te =L.2770(78) ~ Laznem @ Conaegutaly, Ay alemirnaim Cable on be longer hefre eyceadling « Sis puiki Han Fi. (b) For a cable of Length L aubpsclid’ ts aliad Pat Hank, ‘ta os pats 52 $e @) Coont.)[1.27 cot] yur consikar rhe ongalim oon alemod of | Length dx xk from Athy cable (Fig. b>. tet $ Aeugth dk, thy shen gallon dS in, dy (©), dS = Fedx= fb (ABPE\dx | whee Aca thy creed -erctonel arce 4 iT L Hoy ceble amb AxPh is Ae weeight of thy Rs fat of Abe Coble bebrur he cro avclire at dtatince x from thy lower enh. ay Drtkeys ate ee) x= 0 Hxeb yputda “ah, ah teat a ftte cable ot a=k Me ipue @ Whang Wee ALpg x aby voright of ty cable « ect) awd C2) show Abad thy elem pallion Of Maa cade dive ho 1k weoght 4 epreal A rho tbongilion hue Ake and. Foro heal cob with T=, L= 1325. 7m, and Ey @ yo : 4=4(1325.) (7920)(1-8)/(j93x109) = 0.354m Fin dm aluminum Cablessith Teh, L= 2097-6, endl A= 4 (20974) (a7 74-8) 724101) = 0-830 m (C) By &g-(a), ty Ferrion al Ahy Hop of ths cable CPg.@) tu to Ae weight 4 AL pg Me Zentirn 1h thy tap of the cable dus te 0. load P gpd at Ccont-)127 cont.J ig P So, Her Motel ne 1 Pratpy- Trax = HCP HALe9) = Palpg Ch) Fre Ga ppelde For a steel cable: P= Sbb-8 AN Far an Alamnum tal: 7 = 383.L AN The atef calle cam Leer a Cage L476 Lines tt Aang ar an aluminum table. = LO, L=1000m aul D= 0.075 m, EE) L281 By Ep.(u), with J=Td%s2 od p=d/n, we obtan at t= 30 MPA, 30 Mra = er @ aud by ERUS), with W/L = 0.005 rad/m, 6-008 rallm = ie Cb) eee eae ad ‘ho, by tat Ts out Gnsicrro'ad" oo dz0.1S5¢ m. fir de nisre m, bp) yall amralteit faring surneid T; Hck. Me Te re Roe et,1.24 on (b) By Fig.b, the dupport readline. (@ By Fig. 4, th are A of the eure asclim of thy beam 46 A= (6.5)(200 +300) = 3250 mm? AF = (6-5)(340( 150) +(6-5N20g (303.25) = 686725 nH? Y= 23 mm @ a 200 mm —al at Aad Bag Aiken mene) by the equations ai = A+6-21-l19(3) =0 G EM,=3B HAND ~LWN)(1-)20 oom y > 65mm The aotalins fF Gs) da [ A=4sky, B= 8€N ©) Figure a. With Fig.) and Eg0.©, Thy Ahear auk moment dea grend rmag be baum CFig-c). b) 1oRN/m Figure b Ccont)-2I Moment Diagram Figure c[120 by Fig. hy moment of th cnrse-arstiongl ante Abort y with rrapect ty thy 2 ayes v4 @: (dh =(.3)(08.7-y)(28-201) = “M3 +00)(6-5)(9195) [2m aa (p= 3-25(28627-17) + 195.35 mm] (a) n Y By the fuer diagram opi mm poe feam Cig. b), the mayne ® hear oteura ab secting A aod 300 mam. 4a Vaarkn. = 23mm The ance anomet of inedia of | | [esmm he cred section of ty T- Bam 4 Lg = 32. 740110" wt, Sy Abert the erigertal) conrad Figur Apis, by Epa Daud @), Abe Saas thy webs v AN 22 — 8 ohn ~2 Figure b VQ _ aay .25 (1862.74) + 195951 a SF ae ee (cont)Tay. TOL MPA for =D © Te IR27T MPa for y=e7mm (3) Bolrur thy Aorigerted cattiredel ape = (Fiy.0), a =G-)(2u.3-y)(2U3 2H) = 3.a5(23® y4) @) For of = 4, Ep -C)yiclle Qe tus 105 mm? and sthrefne, T= VA . ad(14S 105) 14, Tob MPa Ib (32.948%10 (6.5) a8 oven prencowetly Leg Col. Fir ¥,=2ll.3, Q=0 and T=. Hence, the meyemum, heer bitte ib Tuy = It. 106 MPA at sclera f OM the cmctizritel ares 2. The amsitima shear Aitas tg Dyypy=0 oA Ale Boiliom of thy webPest Tei atin bam Cunt tala On Fig. | By Fig. a, Abe btimak strength ua op, 2 665 MPa Atrex 2ach actanguler: hey under ty diese abrnin Come Anaredete (/00)(0.05)= 5 nm/m? of enrgy anh we sitimale that thee one 245 Aopes under thy shes - chain curne, we feind) 700 600 NY 500 8 Stress (MPa) 8 8 0.00 0.05 0.10 015 Strain 0.20 0.25 Figure a that the modular of Trughau i Up =(5)(24-5) = 147.5 MN-m/m3 By maimercal intigné lire, Ups ued anim?Se ep tending ther atinight ine partied of My shies ~ Sean curne CF iy. 4), we see that ee ae Ah, thepe of the & = 420 = 200 era. 00% Alto, by Fig.a, Tys = 345 MPa and Op, = 31SMPA 500 im + | on 1 Tyg SEMEL See | q 300 i £ ' = : 3 ' 3 & 200 - \ ' 100 L ' ' i 001 of 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 Strain Figure a Thy arta umd ithe atreas- ran Cure ty th yl a Mpeprepimalily (ase Fig-4) £(515)(o.0014) +6315)(0-004~0.014)+(39S-315}(0-004-0- 0014) Modvlus of Resilience = |.104 MN: m/m>[138 JO aren of Athy tect apsermen te AzTDY%y = 1 (30°/¢ = Sip. 16 mn The iter of a hoak P= 75.4 AN 4d w= 8. auomPe @ ~ sh =o = € = sales = 30 = 0.0033 (6) By Eps.) and) 1th srecdicbne. of ehacliity 4 pe e = 74.73 GPa Thy radial train ain thy Aor ab a boohof 764 4N AA €, = L29724- 20.0 - _ 0,001! @ ro 20 By Ege. (b) andlo), the Pres Adtip «4. ps- t= 0.33 Ap to P= ISHN, th brepeitiinal Limit els on Ty = AB suit ~ eeeprs4e joa, Anilial area of thy Aret apuetimen wae A, = 7 Oy = 1) /4 = 78.54 mm™ (a) 4s 55%, rhe aren ab prsckine a2, woh tO), Ag = 04S) Ay = 3S. 34 mm () Therefrg, the Taine practi ation i, with P=43.24N at freclinglenr Tall 1.31), Sete a a Seay = 1220 MP. The enginerring fractine abe G, = aay = 550 Mpa Th, retco Oe /G =A me) = 45% This rsdudlt wo ty bea eypeacted, aricce thy Gren at fractin «457 of te eriguirsl cate[et T wien of, = 50 mPa, xx = Gy = ~30MPa, Og, = 20 Mpa, Gry = SMPa, Oyy = -30 MPA, Ty, = 0,and L=m=n = I/y-, aye Cg. 10) gietle xz A Gin HN y +1 Oy = 5e( 5045-30) = 14.434 MPA py Aiy + MOyy + bz, = f( 5-20-40) = —Ny-¥s¥ MPA Tpa=Aogy t my + nth, fe (-30+ 04%) = - 5774 MPR Ahem, by EB"), 2 Goyal iy HP Gye Wtey+ Amn Tye t21NG, + Zing, = y [40-304 20 + 2(0) +2 (-30) +.2(5)] = - 3-333 MPa Choufore, By Ep-(@-12), €. =(Gtne oe PS" VE Op + Ops Oey = ue may esr a Gamy Ops = 20.950 MPA o 22 By Figure P22, Zhe ceotion cut off ty flame AR Ai ahem aon Fig. b. By Afrlibiium of forveer, ZF, = -T (Sains) —% (Scees)-%S(coat)=p t x rsereee area ZF = —TS ana) + Slams) =0 ae Figure a TReufre, or -2% cot Compression) T2%2.3 ) By Ep. Q-2), With Ahy gener. cTiess. Comprnenle , 2. T,=G,=20, T,=- Ge=-300, I,=9 @ By Epe. @ anh .20), T* 207 30TH 0, T(7-30MT+10) 20, Hence, C= 0, T= 30, T= -I0. Ondericng Hy Titan, ust aye O;= 3omra, = 0, 03 = —10MPA (6) woth oo, Epe.(a-18) apceld (20-30)h + Colm + lS n=9 => 4=13n —30m =0 >> m=0 © 10V3L + om —30n =0 @) whee @) Rem += | Ths arlition of Ep (b),©ank(e) xt £052, meo,nety2 @ Note that EpeG) aatinpy Ep -@ ideheall,. 24 Tay g. Eg. B19 A zs ig. ER. ) and) they gimene citrus. Componente, thy Primecpal atoeue art th, rote off ° (-100-0) ° -80 0 (on) 9 | =? -80 0 (20-0) (20-0)(~-60)(o-+ 140) =O Hoe, ge loupe, 5 = 20 MPa, =—!¥OMPa (A) Cont.)(b) By Ep4(2.22) and (a, 9 Ge = (G~ GS HG-G) + (G-G)= 67200 or Coot = 86-41 MPA ® () By Ep 2)end@), Tax = &G-G)= 100 MPa &) By Epa. (b) and, Tmax = 116 Toct (3) By Mohr's cinch an thy x-Z palone (Fig. 2), Hhe amarpeinem, thean cited oteurd on plence. for which 26, = 90° Croints P and P'); tata, on flere fr urhich th, clirelim edewe are (Eig 0 Sf), abbre te prongpet ator Figure a. Figure bT+2azp th Snao Rireeton oor Dey ee © : 10, ee Gaus on deploc perl thy medlr, T 2% 4% Mes Tp =A Hm ey tee = peor 020) + 40] oe Tpy = AGey + Ey PH Oay = geo + 2(60)+10J ie Ob) Toe =1OztmGe +0, = Fel 40tallo)+20] = 32 By Ep dane G9), thy ctitee weelor +4 Ip = 65.320 + 61.26F 432.668 (b) woth the ation and 690-102), the ana ge tt al I, = G0+60+20z160, I,=5500,Iy=0 ©) By Eye.(c) and G20), T*~1b0o-4 S500 +0 =0 T (oT *~ bor + 5500) =0 @) | of EF (d) ane G, = NOMPa, T= SOMPA, gs =0 (Tne maquina shear abies 22 may, =~ G) = 55 MPO (Cont)[2.5 cont.) (4) th, octahedral heen atiesr 14 quien by ot = E[G-E) +O-GS Hea) = 18408 Coot = 4497 MPO rf eg a 2 0 38 By Epa-(a) and @- 2), the artes cuvauoele oT ang T, = 4tb+ea le zzdsalele ele 77 w& L:|t bg|= leo 208 (Te 45° notalion of Ores (hy ¥) 40 thou ain Fig. 2- The directing, coerna arr Y iw ai Table y : Guat ain Tih a - Phen, 45°] bey Efa:(@) amd 15), with Tab a, so - Z Tey = G42) (Heys) ©) + COMB) fore a \ *abpaone + 3 (0G) Tiblea PTV + 2G \GR)U) = 6 MPa x | alivz] o Sammehonly , Y Iewa}iya} 0 yy =4MPA, Uz, = 8 MPA a (cont)2beotl 74 ue Ay Epe@ and. 17), wih Tall a, Uy = Ie, Oey = FE MPa, Oy = FE Mpa 2) By F gs 2-21) and athe dhigte Componente nalts Ao arta (X, ¥, 2), detrmened ai pat b, T= RxtGyt Gy =beueg aig T= 77 MPa, Tz =o Those Anvrariark, are the damt 04 Agee Wlihine te apes (%,,2), Ege). 2 Fa body A, Oy =G, Try * Ugg = Tay = ae =Tyy =O Uhaofrs for baby A, hy EF G23), 9 Woe = 4G* _ Fr body Ai Top = EG & Fr Boby B, Uay= Uy Cin'lhy= Ge = G2 = Ge =D. Then, bg G2), F %oct = 6 T Fot body B: Tet =Hxr &) 5 pcdlny Fys @ and bh), we Pain, = fs AIS2810) Bence Tex = Spy = Oy 250 and Try = Oa == % > Ag Ege 8-20, Ah, ahs invarent are T= 0, T,=-3%,, t:at (ay By Eqs.) aul @-20), the frnezeed athe we he rove of- a DLULUrhmr— ©-24)rz) =0 T= 2% GG ~T (B) hince GG =-% (doth roel), au taro perpendicular ayss Abret are also fopenbe % Me prvnereal apis, aadeccalled with they prineiea tise Gf ave as Heo forsee geal hye Bre Athi priinezpal cares baa ineehs Coavrica (2, -m,mn) where [are €§-2.19)] —AGLtTmM+Bn=0 Td -2Tm + HH =O Th + Um -2%n =0 Ie ments | The rove of Aheee og acaibiina are a+ Asti) mst yn=iR ar[2a] 5, cg.@2n, I Cote = GT) (G-GYHG-GY where TF audits are hnewrn. Us delermuie Ga Buck thal Tyee attaine at ey tiene aalul, We met Dare we (F2ie) =0 - AlG-02) + 2G -G)=0 ence Or = 20+) (@ Weth oy, =-FOMPA, Tyy=SdMPA, and Ty, = 6 MPA, © g4.(2.a1) yl) L,=-40, T2=-483, Tr=y @ Then, by Ey 20), + WOT 45360 =0 Whe nash Cfrvrcspal Cicgse) are O7 = 50.257 MPA, T= 0, Gy =—70.257 Whe OS &® By Ege Cb) and (2. 34), imag = Ela -t) = 70.287 MPa ©) By Ege.) andG-aa), bet = AT 6Ty = 504 Tet = 8.134 MPa (cont)2.10 cont. @) with a, Ty) Txy given aud T= 0; = 50.257 MPa EG4 Gl) yolh —140.2572£+ bm =0 64~0.251mN=0 — $0.251n =D © AX rem? = 1 Th, aoluctern of Epo. (0) in f=0-0427, m= 0/998, n=O Denes, Ahy ange belive ayes x and) X 44 pen Ds Cot 6 = 0.0427 “ O=8755° Covtirclechutie prom Dy x kuin, apprerinelily at Hey y ddreclrn - By &%-4-6), th, ation vtclore. Ia, Gy Ie are, aie Ge 2. Herma of Tins Gy Br, Ty, Ke, Gu = Tat + Gy? + Gah (a) = Gy? bbyh + Gyh 2 = Oat +g f tek 2 > Oy: By he aealer product of veelne, and Eps) a CLrUrC—ses soa ere a =e tGerg, el y ig kk b bg = te 2, ds 2. ol Sg * via } Cont)2.11 cont AM bing Epa.(), we ofan | Beene a at eee eee Mee ty +e = Gin Gy Bat Mgt Gee +2552 EGG = T-aty, [sche wath The giver ra comporrl ath Pa. 2a), | T=2), Ty=40 Ty=-105 @) ‘Calo p HOT tS =D db) ected da of Fg @) one a —rti“ 550mm ute Eps, (218) | (uo-55)£, + 60mg + 12)Ma°? | 60 By o(-86 -5)m, ~ 1 F | jee + (om, 2(35-50 Mp = 9 ge amp engl 126.9 "Pas Os M140 Oy = 12 = 114.9 =-102.9 MPa. Ghz Gia = SEO MPa Taye = Tae Rast = Leet-1ed) 114.9 fa eeeUree 2(G0) + 920.2747 ten 26: Gh = ifort 0.6122 5 Ge Coe @ = 2225 5 m= cos (F-6)= sth = 0.272[20TT Ey, Cail ) gives, with Pa cqalh)= ht, mado Th)=, =, xx = (ZG) +6 Ae) + 2(F)LS) (0) = 30.56 Mra &s, (2.10) give Oey =F (90) + (S)luah= 57.990 K Sy = Ely) old lnj= FRI 3,90 MPa 2202100 f(@00=100) (.50)* =150+70.7 = £20.) Ff G = 150-70.7 = 123 MPa G22 -Omin _ 220.7-O_ Tay = Rp 2 BEES = ow Pf _ 20 2650) ban 26,= gil = ZED, 210000 20.3987 rad a Jeans located 0.3927 rad clockwise fram x-axi5 EAE) =40 =e ge Pe88 , [(40=80)", 50° --20492.2 = 12.2 Mh 20-92.2 = 212.2 MPa g=2 Tmax -Omm _ 12.2+ 2.2, i a 92.2 Me tan 26, > 2%. 260 =. 9.657) % -Oy © 90-50 0,= ~O.3543 rad X-axis located 0.9543 rad clockwise from x-an's= 40+50 = 90 Mla Ty = 60 Mla er3 a = #0 ps mPa. tan 26,= = 202) - on aa 6,= 0.3216 rad Keaviz located 0.3216 rad Counter clockwise from x-axis 50 r Foie ne Ge (EO; 20)". 45)" = 10 +60.2 = 170.2 Ma G= 10-602 > 49.8 MPa Gy = =8071Fa ~ Omax-Omin _ 170,2~-C80) _ MPa Fran Fron = MOEA = 125) N mar = 26, ~ 2%. COI ten t-te * 50-1 11250 220.922) rad Karis located 0.4221 rad clockwise from x-axts 222 Gey 2200 0s20,5000)+ 100 sin {-0Sa00) + 2 50) C05 (-0,5009) sin -0,5000) = 219) MPa Gy (200-100) cos 055000) 51-0 5000)- so|cos os000)- 5/0 Lo sooo] 3 Ogy=-70 £05 (ais00)+ 50 s1n 0.1508) + 2 (G0) cos(0.1500) $10 (0.4500) = 264) MPa (90-50) ¢0s (0.1800) sin 0.1500) #6 o[eos Caused) -s1n Yawoo)] Oey ==2 Gx = 80 c05*(-10000) + 2(30) ¢0s(-10000) sin(-Lac00) 239 Mh Gjy == 80.€05 (40000) 51 (40000) + 30 [ces 10000) sin “(-10000)] = 23.9 MPa 2.25 2 ae Oxy =150 cos (07000) + 70 s10°(0.1000) + 2-9) cos (0.1000) s1n (0,J000) 272,54 Pa Gey = (150-10) ¢05 (0.7000) sin(a.7000) - 45 [cos %a.000) - sin “(0,7000)] 2-97) MPa Tix t Op (= Baie =< SEN = 150 Mh | 2 (Cox Hes)": 52 = [9519) 509° ml ~ = 70.7 MPa 185 From Problem2ig, 29, | = 0.2146 yy 7 OC + R05 Ex = 150+ 70.7 05(0.2.146)| = 2/8 MPa Tey = R sin 2x = 70.7510 (0.21%) =15.1 MB Sy o 2a = 26 -26,= 2(0,5000)-0,7854 I 21) Gy+ Gc 2. 28.20 fa = 922 MPa From Probleme, 200-7086 2d = 20,420 = 0.7086 + e(Qiseo} = 1.0086 yy = OC-R Cos 2x = ~20- 92.2 605 (1.0086) 22691 MPa Oxy =R 518 2k = 92.2 sin (1.0086) © 78.0 MPa ad Ky2.28 0c = Ss: $2.40 nt3 R= (Bag = (Ele s0* 250 MPa From Problem2.20,25 = 06432 Poe = 11-26, -20 23,1416 ~0.6 952 -2.0000 Gy = 0.4984 xx = 0C- R cos ex= 40-50 605 (0.9984) | 23:9 Miho Gx Oxy = R sin 0X = 50 510 (0.4934) = 23.9 MPa Tay + O¢ = Beste. HOLM = yo MPa R 2 [Egy a « [Eze 260.2 (fa. From Problem 2:21,26=0.8442 2azT-26,-26 =3,141e-0.8442-14000) 15M = 0.84979 Gey = OC-ROOS Bx = MO 60,2 (05(08979 Ge = 72.5 Pa Gay =~ R sin 2x2 ~G0.2 5/0 (0.8979) Ky | Due +0 free surface, Sry=0. Since 6 15 positive and Gy=0, £45 (230) give Ty = Tax 605% = 100 0s “6 100 sth 06080 Oey = - Cex) 519 0 (05.8 =2:31] Since @ positive, &93.(230) give Dix = xx 605 9 + Gy sino Oy 2-(ix-Gy) 5 0 005.6 -o, # 120 = Ory Fe + Gy ge =-~(Gx - Gy) & 2 = Gin Gy) FF Wry + Ie Gy = 3000 160xx ~ 16 wy 2339.33 25Uix = 666.67 Oxx = 26,7 Fa Oyy = 12.5%e R32] Since 0= 00", E45, (2ad) give Ory = Oya COS 54 Gy $in*6 42054 $18 CSO Tey =~ Tox Ogg) 1h 0 C088 Ory Tey (C03 *0 - 51 76) 4 120 = YO(0.25) + 0.75 Tyyt assetiy ~$0 =-(40-Fyy)0.933 ~ 0,500 Oxy x Gig = 120 MPa Oey =~ sae Gy)ine cH + (c05% - sin) ~ 80 = Or; Y 5 0 BE 42 Oey $8, oe rd 40 > (Fy - 4) i) + xy Hee a 1,200 Oy - Oyy =- 121,00 0,509 Txx +Tny = ~ 65.0% 1.104 Oxy =~ 180-08 Oey = 2104.2 MPa Giy = 10.0 MP. e = 127 ae 2 ye som 1132044 = BLb6 2 356 MPa Oxy JF a Ory = 2 Ate ‘Sy 2:3) Since fin 9 =-7y and 05 8: 78, fy, (290) 9 Ine = Tex (05 "a Gy Sin®0 4 80% 510 8 se Play = 40-0fe2.34 ae 2 = Pe (OS) 6, =~ 20-99.3 = 14,3 MPa 22 0. 2 gre {e382} + 50° 2-20+049= IIMB tL Tinay - Tin ea elt? = U3 [he may = BR Coen = Mt Big) GA Gy 6H = 5100-40) “Case 60% dee) 2706 MPa 235 Sex Gry, [x= Fie)”, Ge 90, ( (180-90 Ge = Sts [Ba Bi)", = B88 CE 2 O2= WS-67F = O27 MPa G0 Grvy~ Trin _ Cae Se dul ~4@s. (02 MPa : a z loot «hia vaad 2 Lfguantg 00s 106 (50) = 84) MPa z W228 On i+ Oy Cas)’, 2 150-70 , [f50210)" / yy? es [RY Oy = BE {PBI shy" =- 110 472.) = 208th ee t ee Mia T= = 40 MPa MPa Tmay = GraxsSrain ees Mite 1G, “Ge S ee [ip 5p Gy y= HOodE, (825254 5° 2 22.5 +720 5-730 = S05 a Cth. 2 Saas. SPOS. T30 Mie Toer <4 Mis) Gy Ge) in Bghe 608 =4 flzarsseas0s0) 650-80) 16097 = 68.7 MPa(Bo, +B) BE) (-s5)* =4IS+ 727 = 120.2 MPa C, eae O37 ze 260 MPa Cay = Tee Gt. 120.2 +052 ‘max = z = a 12.7 Mea 2 BOIL, = Oe + yy + Wan = ~120+ 140 +06 = 86 Tex. Se) Tax. wht yy 2] -f: 120 *| [a al 140 eI 22,955 Te= Loy apy] * 52 Gea] Wipe Oe] “1 45 10)" 2S 6)" 6b Ory Sry Sra { fito 45 es Gey Gy Gyalzlus 140 OF J= 9649, 200 One Oye Ore] [2r 65 66 77-860 *- 22,3557 + 96% 200= 0 G2 180.2 MPa 3 Op = 40.06 Mle 5 80.2MPe inte &ys (2.18) Substitue o=07= Cleo-180.2)2 +9Sm, + 25n, 458, + (140-190,2)m- 65% 258, ~ 65, + (b6-180.2h=9 pea mernzel ody Substitue C2022 10.06MPa into Fas. (218) (120-Yo0e)h, + 15mg + 250220 45 Ly + (190-Y0.04)mg~ 652 = Gy=aesesy ; me 0.1422) % 2st = 65a ello ace)na=?, Of ems engl Substitue 02072-1943 Mfa into Egs (2.18) (1204134. +m 425% 70 452, + (i904 134) my — 65097O 26h, ae toot B490,> 9) a 2062 52 9598 5 My Ss +m, ane ef(2740) T= Tx + Oxy + Gea= 100 MPa. L jae eee rel | 7 Z| [2 lle w, | ee a 21g Oy! “one Gal Ie ea] 1-62 120 so oll ss 3] 2- 7325 Tx Sy Ore | | 2 60 50 iG Oy Gy Ge -{ 100 ve] =-Ybyo00 Tea Gye Geol | 50 35 0 Lr Oy> 128.1 Mla Op = Hod ihe GG = TO MPa | eg T, = Sux + Oy + Gg = 120-55 -85 =~ Tex gir ax wale yy Sa =) ee eel le ra qe lect cal Ite eel" Wye Sea 55 -55|*]-75 -85['] 93-8 221,864 \Cix Oy re | 120-858-758 I, *|%y Gy Tye -|- “55 3? | 269,070 Ta Oe fi2{ |-75 33 85, os 200 721,864 7-1, 264070 70 Gy 25% Op 2258-4 MB Gj = allel ma on Oma ~Trs _ BES AIM _ rr2.42 1,2 Gre + Oy + Fea = -90 -60 +40 = ~110 Te | Tax eI | Gal {77 pelea (eer) xy Oyy | * lOve Gye ee 70 -60| |-ss YO] |-¥o ¥0! 7 il 210,125 Spy Gye | =170 -60 Tho | = 653,500 a hos ss -¥0 0 a 10 210, 125 T-65%, 500 9 x ey el [2 10 - C= 88.3401 Pe Gay - Orn Ty 2 ee = AEE. 18. Yara T, =O%x + yy + 0ag> 150 #80 =~ 70 fg 9 ix Tea). Sel. fey eel ° a 1+] ge cel lee io alt so voll 0 #0 Sey Soy =~16,100 ie & Gee | [risa 90 50 1 by -40 0 2 |= 128,900 ae Tye Gee ho OU 7+ 10% 16, 1000~ 128,090 50.3 MPa é- 2M) o5,=-19 G2 30, Say OC = Mth. 10 Fz. a) By Fig. 2.12, + By €}- (2.34), R= Bsa a = 25. By Ape, By EF-Q- 36) @ G7 = lbtas =35, Ga |b-42s = -18 2G ton ze, = 2G =- 075 x Gy 28, = 2.49804, - 0.64350 = 143.13%, - 56.87° and G35), 8, = 756°, -18,43° 20 > is L~feagho , 2 = a J (G15) if A (6) Gy)yg,= Re 25 249) In MPa, Oxy = 20, py =100, Ty = — 80, @ By G4), X= 340, Ty = 17b00, T; G &G-G22), 7734004176007 = O wh C20, C3407 + 170020 —> G, = 170 F 106-30 “T= au3% G= 63.70, Jz=0 By €G2.@37), with Os 03 =O) T= BHOHOr 4 [Zia gy® = 1704/06, $0 276.30 z Oy = [70 — 106-30 = 63.70 % =O ©) By Figraild an Fp, (23%), OC = GHW = |70, R= 106.30 p= OC -R= 63.70, Fig. By Ep 23), Thee = (G-AVHG-D GG) = (24.3437) + QU35 +k 3-D= 125596.2 Tee = NBIB 2.46 | With nar, =O €2%, wihene dal, B27, Val. Then, the fort of pe Bub) prthe fol Gr) + $(Gr) +2(rGr) — Gp 4k tvBp =D o o& =d 1 ie + Gor HE +hsllar) vr OBE 99 +O mn Der 4 Mir + Mar Ss Ser = te — e = whieh xe thy pout of Efe. 0-50) Somikar aeubetidign ¢ ith thy deepnb ud) Hhaad 2g wakione 4m Ep.(.50).[24] with x=n 4 =6 B=$, wt pf ola) por t= rane. Than, Aly pore of EI Gul) peel Plex dope] + dg lren ator] + Fpl" Ge) ree) 0 $F 1 Gy 2. (rain 0) + ree By =0 oe a end) Tor +1 Cerin) 2 reso) top + Mone) 2Ge + ABE — (asi eNlgy ~ FAB) Gp Meni, = 2 Hence, es +4 Ge the, Abe + latin GoM +05, Gt6)+ By =O Whack a the pout op Epo @.53- Aid ab citahina pall Hey ercond anh tid of Efe @-53), [2a] With x=r, BuO, BaB, dal, 27h, Yel, aud Ta Tra = Ope = #02 =0, Hoe poocat of 4.G.us)aprell 2G + Bor — Op 3b +rG = 0 Gir ty Kc + be O5y er G =O a 6 ae 2G Gry Ge = She +b Mie + Tarlo + By Dd wich 5m OF n,=005 3-0 Equation (abl) gives x 2 Ey = ee B+ Egy met 2 bay 4m, = Exx 6076 + Eyy 1in29 + 2 bny (05.0 58 Exx +& oe fatty , Sxl cos 26 + bry 517 20 The direction cosmes of Y-axis are = cos (EF 3 Ly = 005 (& +8)2-51n 0; mg = 05 0; Mg= C05 B-0 Equatiin (271 ) gives ' Exy = & Bxy= Ex Gly + Gy mre + €xy (Em, +m) =~ bez SiO COS Ot Eyy SB C058 + by (05% _ sno) (25) 515 20 + Exy (05 20 7 Tietetore For principal direction Ey > 26 tan 20= 7 bx - &y255 For X-axis, £50.83 m= 06; For Y-axis, 65 Mg i @) «= 0.0085 % v @) fer Biretter; by? Gor 220810 by Egy = bg HM yy 62 Ey BM =0.0025(08)% -aone)(o4)” o0le¢ ux t+ yy 7 Exe = 0.0085 ~0,0010 ~0.0012¥ Spy 2 bey CLE Sex * ent Ey = 2 flo.coesi(a.a)a 6) -Ca.0010)(0.1a9) | = 0.00336 2.56 For X-axis, 270.866; ™= 0,520, 20 For Y-axis, 42772500; Me® 866, M20 u 70.0020 x- 9.00309 Guy gO 2ou ea eae lee = Ge 2000 Gy * Fy = 00 | hob the | hg = bay = Ty? 3G 0.0020 len 2 2 bag G7 FO 2 9,000 (0.866) + 0.0028 (0,54) + (~0,00z)(0,846)(0, 500) 0.00174 by = Exe + Sy > Eee = = 0002029 Ty = C&y = 244 bee 2M Sy ULM Lom Jy 2 = 2(-0.0020(0,666)60.508) + 2 (0002 s)(asoao. acca ised ites ~ 40,0020 +0.008S+40,00/7F = 002702.57 can 20< ,2éer. = 620010) _ ber yy -0.0020-00025 a= 9.2041 rad eux = Exx (05°O + Sy sin2g + 2bxy 2 0,0020(0. 9792)* + 2.0025 (0,202) +2(-0.0010)(0. 2070.97 82) | 0221 20.444 5108 6030 bg = bax thy ~ & 770.0020 +0,0025 +0.00185 = 9.00871 2.58 @) u = 0.000667 %4 V = 0.001933 *F Ar point B _= 0.000667(3) = 0.00200 0,001 3I3(15) = 9.902 00 : 2(e+ 4] gy = Otay *(F0* Beast = 0.00500 a o b) For X-axis agi meas Egy = Fee Be by m4 Bay hm = 0.00 200($) +0,00200 (£) +0. oosaol$) 0,000667(15)40,001933(3) 1.90400 hn 2o-—2oxy . =0.00220 - es rl Ex Eyy * 0.00180-(-0.00106) GH =0.3262 rad 6, bey = Eee (0550 4 byy 110°O + BExy Sin C05 8 2 = 0.00180 (0.9479 0.00108 60.2204) 0, 002200 997I)(-0, 3201) 200417 wx yy ~ Gen = 0.00 180 +€0,0010¢) - 0-00 217 0.00145 f22.60] [= &y+ by + Ge = 0.00180 + (-0.00108)+0 = 0.00072 ; 2 72 22 Dre Egy? yy aa Cay Eun Fag ~ Ge Ge = 0,001¢0(-0.00 108) -(-2,00110)*= -0,00000315¥ fae Gy Eek 9.00180 -0.001/0 0 T=lery Sy bys] =| 20000 -0.00108 o| = bre Eye bee, ° 6 €7-0,0001¢ €7-0.000003/54 € =0 €=2.002I7 5 Ex 05 €,=- 0 0014S 267 Te Gy + yy # €ag = 0.002667 + 0.002000 +(-0,00200)= 0.002667 2.2 Tas bexbyy + Gy Geet Gabor ~ 65 ~ Ge ~ Ge = 0.002 667(0,002009) + 0.002000 6.0,002000) + (-0.002000)(0.002667) | | 2 2 2 | (0.002667) -(..0.00/500) “- (-0.0000 33)” = -0,0000133640 fry fry Gea | [0.002667 0.002667 -0.000033 F=|by byy Se |=]0.002667 0.002000 -0,001500|=-0.000000002181 Len €ye Ge] [-0,000033 -0.00/500 -0,00200 €7- 0.002667 €*-0,0000133640€ + 0,000000002181/ =0 £5 0.005170; &= 0.000158; €* -9-002662 2.62) Epuation (2.2) gives Bax = (F&M beg) (05 iad ds dds wer), 52 S20, Gee t2 oe A and cos 6”: 2 ds | where ee) =esl Ty units of oz 1075 Exe ROG By = WY Exg = -F00 @) Gy= Sethe Ere Fc gehy = 2000 + 1 Napa peta = — su t 1500 | E> 700, G=- 2300 ; R=150G OC= — 300 tin 2B = 2&4 = - 2900) _ 9. 75 Gy ~ = F0H0= 400 . , AG = 06435-24981 aad =. 36.87 , — 14313 oO = 1843S Toe Retes Sheen (b) Gz Re 1500 @ Battufegs? ea) 6, intent orientation Hetecence (b) eemewr Since Exx 1s negative, line Deformed Clements in the X-direction T Element Contract, and since Eyy i's \ : ; ‘ \ ference Pesitive, line clements si Bieta the yodirection elongate. © Also, svhee 2b bye FO 's negative, th angle 8 1s greuter than 1/2, where Br the final ee between the Ime element inrtrall, along the X- Axis and the Ite element initrally along the jn tous CFig.c)+ Lsee Boresi and Chong, 2000) EY Q-8-L), pare B90et TT apnen lr, team Long ona dich, 4 ehouoh ye wa, diporned, plane atcarn otal (Fig. a), OA BECOS ; Fae oe : | ra Figure a 25mm Kener wank thy bapermaltion raight Lines oon Tog ana ceca nee sca Lieplacenoct Comprnnili. u,v ot thy four 0% A BE CX we tebe USA, tO,xtAay FAgXy, U= byt bxthythxy @) “Da fron. covchiody on Ue ynamely 0,4), 42, Ay ond ain V7; bes br, bx, by are Aili mined dy Epa (a) and The dap Lucenaske of point 0, 4,6, and C. Thus, &y Ee A aud Fig.a, Ul9,0)=0 = ap U(b,1)=0=4q o.oi2szo.0ased, (6) 1 G3 = ~ 00375 (rat U(l0) = 0025=a, Uli,!)2.64 cont. Vlo,)=o0=b, , V10,i)= 0.0125= bz U1, ©) =0.01aS = by, rly i) = 0-012S= 0.0250 + by 17, by = ~0-0125- “ Y ,y) = 0.025% 0.037549 () ViO44) = 0-012SK + d0125y —0.0125XY () By Epe-€), oe 20.025 ~0.0575Y, 3 = 0.0125 -00054 0 _. U2 p.DIZs= 2-0125% as D.037SK , 45 By Ege.) auk @-62), Hhy Soren atrasik Cor fern One Cy? FE SIGHT BE] aoassrats 0.03 869875y40.coc7ss sy FOP OB -bovenne-onansr asec Gags (SEH Bed Set RERE =a obser — 00191960754 — 0.006 328/28 +0, 00978 I25XY Eng > Oe =byz =O (C) For Mine OBC Fig.@S, Hr, Acreclion Cotenta ane f= Goma, m=0 @ By BHO and Bb), With xzy=lm otpend B, Ms dbx tom eyy +2 kn bgy = = 0.02u375° @ Cont:2.64 cont] @) By Epa. (c) erDA3), Ahe sharin compares. fr omall Ahraing Oh Eng = $= 0.025 0-03 75 €yy = 4 = 0.012 —9- O126% (4) éxy = EOE +H) =0.00625~0.01975%-0.00625 7 Ot pond 6 x=yel, aud Eps.) yitld €xx = = 00125 Ey =D, bxy =~ 0-018 7S” & Compare tp thar Haren, tvs Components CFF, Egy, = 792012422, Eyy = 0.000703, Exy* 0.019516 €) By Bp aad}, the mapnipizatiofacter femal ettin i M TG tM byy +ALM Egy 2 - 0-025 G) at pocut B LEG) and Le amell atiasn ant ognapccitiin Legh] ~ 0.024379 0-025) ,19p =~ 2.56 e €0-024379) ° EES ay False ) False C)Trve & Twe2.66] Th, gtiacn Commoner of Example 2. we Ean =CylLW, Eyy = DY(L-R), yy =26,=-CDVAEIO) Alto, by the pret of Epo. (2-83) thy atain pleu ann tt Dem y Phy - 2 Pb: 98 GRE = ASA “ Aahetitalian f pd @) nly Egil) yielhe 0+d0 =0 Denes, thy Arar. compencit. art compels 2611 Bey why given alien and the Chan- gos conpernooche arlertinas for tral dsplocenait ples thant, Eye 3h = ACL-K) ) by OFF B(L-x) &) 2 by ghee =0 ©) itiprction of Ep @ aud b) pills us A(Lx-£x) + YH) @ v= BlLy-xv) +X) @ Wane X00) and Yer) arr funcbinn of Kandy, regpclinely. Aakutitilion of E94. (A) and) @) le Ep. le) pitts Urn Aran Cont) |