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Department of Education-Region III

TARLAC CITY SCHOOLS DIVISION
Juan Luna St., Sto. Cristo, Tarlac City 2300
Email address: [email protected]/ Tel. No. (045) 470 - 8180

Practical Research 1
Quarter 3: Week 5
Learning Activity Sheets

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 PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 (QUALITATIVE RESEARCH)

Name of Learner: ___________________________ Grade: 11–Q1/1st Sem- Week 5

Section: ___________________________________ Date: _______________

Selecting and Citing Related Literature Using Standard Style

Background Information:

Review of Related Literature (RRL) is an essential part of a research paper as it gives

support to your study and details to the existing literatures related to the topic of a thesis. This is
why it has to consider critical selection to ensure the quality of its content.
Literature refers to a published information in a particular subject area which sometimes
covers a certain period of time. It should include the key sources related to the main debates,
trends, and gaps in your research area.
The purpose of a literature review is to increase an understanding of the existing research
and debates relevant to a particular topic or area of study, and to present that knowledge in the form
of a written report. Conducting a literature review helps you build your knowledge in your field. You‟ll
learn about important concepts, research methods, and experimental techniques that are used in
your field. You‟ll also gain insight into how researchers apply the concepts you‟re learning in your
unit to real world problems (University Library, 2017).
The following are the steps in selecting the related literature enumerated by the University
Library (2020).

1 Choose a topic. Define your research question.

The related literature must focus on your research question. It must represent
background and research developments related to a specific research question, interpreted
and analyzed by you in a synthesized way.
Tips:
 Make sure your research question is not too broad or too narrow.
 Begin writing down terms that are related to your question.

2 Decide on the scope of your review.

Your related literature must answer the following questions:

 How many studies do you need to look at?
 How comprehensive should it be?
 How long should it cover?

3 Conduct your searches and find the literature. Keep track of your searches.

 Review the abstracts of research studies carefully. This will save you time.
 Write down the searches you conduct in each database so that you may duplicate
them if you need to later (or avoid dead-end searches that you'd forgotten you'd
already tried).
 Use the bibliographies and references of research studies you find to locate others.

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 4 Review the literature.

Some questions to help you analyze the research:

 What are the research questions of the study you are reviewing? What are the authors
trying to discover?
 Is the research funded by a source that could influence the findings?
 What are the research methodologies? Analyze its literature review, the samples and
variables used, the results, and the conclusions. Does the research seem to be
complete?
 If there are conflicting studies, why do you think that is?
 How are the authors viewed in the field? Has this study been cited? if so, how has it
been analyzed?

To sum up, the literature review should be specific, current and of historical interest,
coherent, interesting and well organized around the research questions and key concepts
rather than being summaries of what you have read. It should be a critical discussion of
relevant information from different sources.
Don‟t be tempted to report everything you know – be selective about what you report.
Every reference you use must build on the evidence you are presenting to support your „case‟.
(University Library, 2020).

The Basics of Citing in Chicago Style

The Chicago Manual of Style, currently in its 16th edition, was created to help researchers
properly cite their sources.

Creating a Bibliography in Chicago Style

The bibliography is a list of all the sources used in the paper. The list includes the important
publication details of the sources. The bibliography must also follow this format:

 The citation list or bibliography must be single spaced.

 The last names of the authors must be arranged alphabetically.
 The second line of the source must be indented.

Generally, Chicago citations require:

 Author  Publisher
 Title of book/article  City of publication
 Title of newspaper/journal  Date of access
 Publication year  Page numbers
 Publication month and date  URL or Name of Database

1. How to Cite a Print Book in Chicago Style

In the footnotes and endnotes:

First name Last name, Title of Book (Publication Place: Publisher, Year), page range.

In the bibliography:
Last name, First name. Title of book. Publication Place: Publisher, Year.

Examples of Chicago Style for Books with One Author

In the footnotes and endnotes:
Sam Staggs, Born to Be Hurt: The Untold Story of Imitation of Life (New York: St. Martin‟s
Press, 2009), 84.
In the bibliography:
Staggs, Sam. Born to Be Hurt: The Untold Story of Imitation of Life. New York: St. Martin‟s
Press, 2009.

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 Example of Chicago Citation for Books with Multiple Authors
In the footnotes and endnotes:
Ella Shohat and Robert Stam, Unthinking Eurocentrism: Multiculturalism and the
Media (London: Routledge,1994) 24-28.
In the bibliography:
Shohat, Ella, and Robert Stam. Unthinking Eurocentrism: Multiculturalism and the Media.
London: Routledge, 1994.

2. How to Cite Chapters or Articles from a Book in Chicago Style

In the footnotes and endnotes:

First name, Last name of Chapter Author, “Chapter or Article Title,” in Book Title, ed.
First Name Last Name of Editor (Publication Place: Publisher, Year), page range.

In the bibliography:
Last name, First name. "Chapter Title." In Book Title, edited by First Name Last Name,
page range. Publication Place: Publisher, Year.

Example of Chicago Citation for Chapters in a Book

In the footnotes and endnotes:
Laura Aymerich-Franch and Maddalena Fedele, "Student's Privacy Concerns on the Use of
Social Media in Higher Education," in Cutting-Edge Technologies and Social Media
Use in Higher Education, ed. Vledlena Benson and Stephanie Morgan (Hershey, PA:
Information Science Reference, 2014), 35-36.
In Bibliography:
Aymerich-Franch, Laura. “"Student's Privacy Concerns on the Use of Social Media in
Higher Education," ," in Cutting-Edge Technologies and Social Media Use in
Higher Education, ed. Vledlena Benson and Stephanie Morgan, 35-36.
Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, 2014.

3. How to Cite Online E-books in Chicago Style

When citing e-books, include the URL or the name of the database. The URL or database
name should be the last part of the citation.

In the footnotes and endnotes:

First name Last name, Title of e-book (Place of Publication: Publisher, Year), page
range, URL, Database Name.

In the bibliography:
Last name, First name. Title of Book. Publication Place: Publisher, Year. URL, Name of
Database.

Example of Chicago Citation for E-Books

In the footnotes and endnotes:

Michael J. Baker, The Marketing Book (Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002),

89, https://htbiblio.yolasite.com/resources/Marketing%20Book.pdf.

In the bibliography:
Baker, Michael J. The Marketing Book. Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann,
2002. https://htbiblio.yolasite.com/resources/Marketing%20Book.pdf.

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4. How to Cite Print Magazines in Chicago Style

In the footnotes and endnotes:

First name Last name, "Article Title," Magazine Title, Full Date, page range.

In the bibliography:
Last name, First name. "Article Title." Magazine Title, Full Date.

Example of Chicago Citation for Print Magazines

In the footnotes and endnotes:
George J. Church, "Sunny Mood at Midsummer: Americans Take a Brighter View of
Reagan," _Time, July 18, 1983, 56-59.
In the bibliography:
Church, George J. "Sunny Mood at Midsummer: Americans Take a Brighter View of
Reagan" Time, July 18, 1983.

5. How to Cite Online Magazines in Chicago Style

In the footnotes and endnotes:

First name, Last name, "Article Title," Title of Magazine, Full Date, URL.

Chicago style bibliography structure:

Last name, First name. "Article Title" Magazine Title, Full Date, URL.
Example of Chicago Citation for Online Magazines
In the footnotes and endnotes:
Bill Donahue. “King of the Mountains,” Backpacker, September/October 2019, 76-
82, http://backpacker.eoncontent.ebscohost.com/2226647#&pageSet=39
In the bibliography:
Donahue, Bill. “King of the Mountains.” Backpacker, September/October
2019. http://backpacker.eoncontent.ebscohost.com/2226647#&pageSet=39

6. How to Cite a Web Page in Chicago Style

Creating a footnote, endnote, or bibliographic information for web content isn‟t always
necessary. It‟s acceptable to simply mention the source in the written portion of the paper. For
example, “The Marco Polo page on History‟s website, last updated on March 6, 2019, describes his
travels along the Silk Road while....” Include formal Chicago citation style references if you or your
professor prefers to do so.
A bit more:
 If the website page is missing a date of publication, include the date the source was last
modified or accessed in the footnote and endnote.
 If the website page is missing the name of the author, begin the footnote with the “Title of
the Article or Page.”

In the footnotes and endnotes:

First name Last name of Author, "Title of Article or Page," Title of Website, Date
published or last modified or accessed, URL.

In the bibliography:
Last name, First name or Organization Name. "Title of Article or Page." Title of Website.
Date published or last modified or accessed. URL.

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 Example of Chicago Citation for a Web Page
In the footnotes and endnotes:
Sujan Patel, "15 Must-have Marketing Tools for 2015," Entrepreneur, January 12,
2015. http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/241570.

In the bibliography:
Patel, Sujan. “15 Must-have Marketing Tools for 2015.” Entrepreneur. January 12,
2015. http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/241570.

Note: Other forms of citations can be found in the source https://www.citationmachine.net/chicago.

Learning Competencies:
Select relevant literature.
Cite related literature using standard style.

Directions:
Read carefully the directions indicated in the following exercises then provide what is
needed or asked in each item.

A. Write TRUE if the statement if correct, otherwise FALSE. Write the correct
answer to the space provided.
1. Review of Related Literature and Related Studies are similar. _______________
2. Review of Related Literature gives details on existing literature that will support your
study. _______________
3. IRR should include the key sources related to the main debates, trends, and gaps in your
research area. _______________
4. Research questions must be broad. _______________
5. Reading the abstract of the study first before reading the whole content is necessary.
_______________
6. Bibliographies and references cannot help in locating sources. _______________
7. Literature review should be historical and current. _______________
8. You can include everything that you read in the literature review. _______________
9. Chicago citation requires 1.5 spacing format. _______________
10. The second line of the source must be indented. _______________

B. Identify the sources of the following citations. Choose your answer from the given
options below. Write your answers before each number.

A. Book Print B. Chapters or Articles from a Book

C. Online E-books D. Print Magazines
E. Online Magazines F. Web Page

1. Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1851),
627, http://mel.hofstra.edu/moby-dick-the-whale-proofs.html.

2. Rebecca Mead, “The Prophet of Dystopia,” New Yorker, April 17, 2017, 43.

3. Farhad Manjoo, “Snap Makes a Bet on the Cultural Supremacy of the Camera,” New York
Times, March 8, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/08/technology/snap-makes-
a-bet-on-the-cultural-supremacy-of-the-camera.html.

4. Brian Grazer and Charles Fishman, A Curious Mind: The Secret to a Bigger Life (New
York: Simon & Schuster, 2015), 12.

5. Henry David Thoreau, “Walking,” in The Making of the American Essay, ed. John D‟Agata
(Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016), 177–78.
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 C. Select at least 2 Related Literature form your chosen topic/title from any source/s.
Then, construct them in paragraphs in the box provided. Include their citations in
Chicago Style.

____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________Title/Topic________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Citations:

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Outstanding (5) Good (3) Needs Improvement (1)

Criteria
The steps in The steps in The content does
Content selecting/writing selecting/writing related not follow the
related literature literature presented in the instruction.
presented in the discussion are slightly
discussion are followed. The content has
excellently followed. minimal errors.
Citation Proper citation is Proper citation is
Proper citation is slightly
observed. not followed.
observed.

Reflection:
Reflect to the lesson by answering the questions below. Answer in complete sentences.

1. What have I learned?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

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 2. What part/activity in this Learning Activity Sheet is challenging to you? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3. What are the learnings I want to share with others?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Answers Key:

ACTIVITY A:

1. FALSE
2. TRUE ACTIVITY B:
3. TRUE 1. C
4. FALSE 2. D
5. TRUE 3. E
6. FALSE 4. A
7. TRUE 5. B
8. FALSE
9. FALSE ACTIVITY C: Answers may vary.
10. TRUE

References:

University Library. “Related Literature Review.” Western Sydney University. 2017.

https://www.westernsydney.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/1254786/Literature_review_
purpose.pdf

University Library. “Literature Review: Conducting and Writing”. University West Florida. 2020.
https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=215199&p=1420520

Wendy Ikemoto. “Chicago Style Citation.” Chicago Machine. 2020.

https://www.citationmachine.net/chicago

Prepared by:

ARMILYN N. VILLAMIL
Teacher III