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MATHEMATICS
Quarter 4 – Module 3
Angle of Elevation and
Angle of Depression

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Mathematics – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 3: Angles of Elevation and Angles of Depression
Second Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Rosalina A. Marinay
Editors: Nolan Ryan R. Alas-as, Florencio M. Bartolo Jr., Joena P. Vidal & Teresita P.
Bubole
Reviewers: Melba S. Tumarong, Cheryl V. Acabal
Illustrator: Christian Even D. Santillan
Layout Artist: Christian Even D. Santillan
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Elisa L. Baguio, EdD
Joelyza M. Arcilla, EdD, CESE Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispis, JD, EdD Maricel S. Rasid
Nilita S. Ragay, EdD Elmar L. Cabrera

Inilimbag sa Pilipinas ng ________________________

Department of Education - Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each
SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need
to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be
honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

i NegOr_Q4_Mathematics9_Module3_v2
 I

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at our own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

The module is intended for you to illustrate angles of elevation and angles of
depression.

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

For nos. 1-3: Given the figure on the right,

1. which refers to the angle of elevation?
A. ∠LEP C. ∠AEP
B. ∠AEL D. none of these

2. which angle illustrates angle of depression?

A. ∠LEP C. ∠AEP
B. ∠AEC D. none of these

3. which segment illustrates the line of sight?

A. EL C. EP
B. AE D. None of these

4. One end of a 12m-wire is attached to the top of pole. The other end of the wire
makes an angle of 70° with the ground. Which of the following illustrations is the most
appropriate to the problem?
A. C.

B. D.

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5. What is the value of x in the figure?
A. 90° C. 33°
B. 57° D. 17°

6. What is the trigonometric ratio can be used to solve x in the given figure below?
A. tan C. sin
B. cos D. none of these

;
(htt85)
’s New

Solving real-life problems involving right triangles requires knowledge of some

significant terms, such as line of sight, angle of elevation, and angle of depression.

Definition:

• Line of sight is an imaginary line that connects the eye of an observer to the
object being observed.

• The angle of elevation is the angle from the horizontal to the line of sight of the
observer to the object above.

• The angle of depression is the angle from the horizontal to the line of sight of
the observer to the object below.

Line of sight above observer

Angle of elevation

EYE Horizontal line of sight

Angle of depression

Line of sight below observer

https://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/angle-of-elevation.html

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 is It

Angle of Elevation and Angle of Depression

A. Angle of Elevation

The angle of elevation of an object as seen by an observer is the angle between the
horizontal and the line from the object to the observer's eye (the line of sight).

The angle of elevation of the object from the observer is 𝛼°.

The angle of elevation may be found by using this formula:

ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡
tan 𝜃 =
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡

Example. Find the value of 𝜃 in the figure.

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 Solution:
Given: In the given triangle ABC, AC = 335 ft, BC = 249 ft.
To find ∠A = 𝜃
ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡
tan 𝜃 =
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡
𝐵𝐶
tan 𝜃 =
𝐴𝐶
249
tan 𝜃 =
335
tan 𝜃 = 0.74
therefore, 𝜃 = tan-1 (0.74)
𝜃 = 36°

B. Angle of Depression

If the object is below the level of the observer, then the angle between the horizontal
and the observer's line of sight is called the angle of depression.

The angle of depression of the object from the observer is 𝛽°.

The angle of depression may be found by using this formula:

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
tan 𝜃 =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
𝜃 = tan -1
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒

The opposite side in this case is usually the height of the observer or height in terms of
location, for example, the height of a plane in the air.
The adjacent is usually the horizontal distance between the object and the observer.

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 Example. Find 𝜃 base on the figure on the right.
Solution:
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
tan 𝜃 =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
100
tan 𝜃 =
300

100
𝜃 = tan-1( )
300

𝜃 = 18.4°

’s More

Identify Me!

In the following figures, identify the segment that represents the line of sight, and
identify the angles (if any) that represent the angle of elevation or angle of depression.

Figure Angle of Angle of Line of

Elevation Depression Sight

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Questions:

1. How did you identify the line of sight, angle of elevation and angle of
depression?
2. What ideas have you learned from this activity?
3. Do you think you can use these ideas in your daily life?
4. Give and illustrate at least two situations in your life involving angle of
elevation and angle of depression.

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 I Have Learned

Fill-in the chart below. Write your answers on your notebook.

3 things I learned

2 things that interest me

1 application of what I learned

I Can Do

Activity 4: Draw My Problem!

Objective:
To develop your skills in arts in illustrating the pictures presented by the information
given from the word problems with accuracy.

Materials:
Ruler, protractor, and drawing materials

Directions:
1. Look for a partner.
2. Draw the pictures presented by the information in the problem given. (These problems don’t
ask for an answer.)
3. Assume that buildings, ladders, etc. are all on level ground.
4. Clear, neat, and accurate illustrations are necessary.
5. Your output will be rated by your teacher by using a rubric. The rubric below is an option
for the teacher to use. He/she may use his/her own rubrics or may also use scaling.

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Problems:

1. The angle of elevation of the top of the 2. The angle of depression of a

building from a point 30 meters away boy from a point on a lighthouse
from the building is 65°. 30.5 meters above the surface
of the water is 3°.

Questions:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. Did you encounter any difficulty in illustrating the problems?
3. What mathematical concepts did you apply to have an accurate illustration?
4. Based on the drawings that you have, how will you define angle of elevation and angle of
depression using your own words?

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Let’s find out how much you already know. On your notebook, write only the letter of the
correct answer from each questions below.

1. Given the figure on the left, which refers to the angle of depression?
L object
a. ∠MKN c. ∠LKN
eye K M b. ∠MKL d. none of these

N object

2. Given the figure below, which refers to the angle of elevation?

a. ∠Y c. ∠RCY
b. ∠R d. none of these

3. Refer to the figure above, which refers to the line of sight?

a. RY c. CY
b. RC d. none of these

4. Refer to the figure below, which refers to the angle of elevation?

a. ∠LOV c. ∠O
b. ∠EVO d. none of these

5. Refer to the figure above, which refers to the line of sight from the man to the
airplane?

a. EL c. LO
b. VO d. none of these

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 6. Which is the correct value for 𝑥 from the figure below?
a. 60° b. 61° c. 62° d. 63°

75

42 𝑥

7. Find the correct value of x in the figure below.

a. 384.5
b. 345.8
c. 348.5
d. 385.4

Illustrate and Solve!

Illustrate, label and solve the problem below.

Problem:
The angle of depression of boat A from the top of a cliff which is 24°15’. The
angle of depression of boat B from the same point is 18°12”. Find the distance between the
two boats.

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 What I What’s More Assessment Additional Activities
Know
1. B Angle of Angle of Line 1. A
2. A Elevation Depression of 2. C
3. A Sight 3. C
4. D 1 ∠ACB CA 4. B
5. B 2 ∠ACB BC 5. B
6. B 3 ∠ACB BC 6. B
4 ∠ACB AC 7. C
5 ∠ACB AC
24°15 18°12’
’

X1 = 71.04 m
X2 = 97.33 m

d = 26.29 m

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References
n.d. https://bit.ly/34N6OMJ.

n.d. https://bit.ly/31O8Ric.

n.d. https://bit.ly/3qgx1LN.

n.d. https://brainly.ph/question/16007419.

n.d. https://bit.ly/34C4Kqt.

n.d. https://bit.ly/3fe4uQu.

n.d. https://bit.ly/335Cs7E.

n.d. https://bit.ly/3K0SCjd.

Bryant, M., et al. 2014.Department of Education. Mathematics-Grade 9: Learners’ Material

First Edition. Pasig City: DepEd-IMCS, 457-466.

Orines, F., et al. 2014. Next Century Mathematics 9.Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House,
Inc., 457-467

Orines, F., et al. 2018. Next Century Mathematics 9: Teachers Wraparound Second Edition.
Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc., 369-371

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