14 - 1

Solid Shapes

Cuboids and Cubes ⑴

Instruction Cuboid and Cube F l a t f i g u re s a re c a l l e d

plane shapes. Objects
◦ A solid shape whose faces are t h a t o c c u py s p a c e a re
only rectangles or rectangles and
called solid shapes. Their
squares is called a“cuboid”. Cuboids surfaces are called faces.
◦ A solid shape whose faces are
only squares is called a“cube”.
Cube

Example The figures below are a cuboid and a cube.

Vertex Side is for plane shapes and

Face
Edge edge is for solid shapes.
Face
1 Fill in the following table by observing a cuboid and a cube.
Number of faces Number of edges Number of vertices
Cuboid 6 12 8
Cube 6 12 8
2 How many pairs of faces are the same in a cuboid and a
cube? All the faces are the
Cuboid 3 Cube same.
3 How many sets of edges are the same length in a cuboid
and a cube?
Cuboid 3 Cube All the edges are of equal
length.

With the cuboid and the cube on the right, answer the following
questions.
1 How many faces are there?
Cuboid 6 Cube 6
2 How many vertexes are there?
Cuboid 8 Cube 8
3 How many kinds of edge lengths are there?
Cuboid 3 Cube 1

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Solid Shapes

Cuboids and Cubes ⑵

Example The figure on the right shows a cuboid.

1 Which edges are perpendicular to edge AB?

H G
AE, BF, AD, and BC a F
（EA, FB, DA, and CB） E
b D
d
C
c
2 Which edges are parallel to edge AE? A B
BF, DH, and CG
（FB, HD, and GC）
3 Which faces are parallel to face a?
c

The figure on the right shows a cube. Answer the following questions.
1 Which edges are perpendicular to edge CG?
BC, FG, HG, and DC H G

（CB, GF, GH, and CD） a

E
F
2 Which edges are parallel to edge EF?
c d
AB, HG, and DC D
C
（BA, GH, and CD） b

3 Which faces are parallel to face c? A B

4 Which edges are perpendicular to face a?

AE, BF, DH, and CG
（EA, FB, HD, and GC）
5 Which edges are parallel to face d?
AE, AD, DH, and EH
（EA, DA, HD, and HE）

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Solid Shapes

Nets ⑴

Instruction Disassemble the following cuboid into one figure to

investigate how it is made.

Cut a cuboid along the edges using

1 cm
3c
m 4 cm
scissors. Which edges should you cut?

Cut the coloured edges and unfold it one by one as follow:

1. 2. 3.
1 cm
3c 4 cm
m

4. 5.

◦ A figure drawn on a sheet of paper by You can also make different

cutting the edges of a box, unfolding it and shapes depending on how
laying it flat is called a net.
you cut it.

Example Which net can form a cuboid? Fold the dotted lines
and make cuboids.
A B C

Answer B

1 Which net can form a cube? Fold the dotted lines and make
cubes.
A B C D

Answer C

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 Example 2 Finish drawing the net of the cuboid on the right.

1 cm 1 cm
1 cm 3c 4 cm
m

Dotted lines show the

edges you should fold to
make a cuboid.

1 Finish drawing the net of the cuboid on the right.

2 cm
1 5 cm 2 2 cm
3 cm
3 cm
2 cm
1 cm 1 cm
1 cm 1 cm

2 Draw a net of this cube on graph paper.

1 2
6 cm

3 cm
4 cm
3 cm
3 cm 2 cm
1 cm 1 cm
1 cm 1 cm

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Solid Shapes

Nets ⑵

Example We are going to make a cube by folding the net

below.
A P
Q 1 Colour the face opposite the shaded
C B N M L
face.
R S T U
D
2 Circle the vertexes that match up with
E H J K vertex G.
V
F G
3 Which edges match up with edge AP? Answer ML（LM）
4 Which faces are perpendicular to edge EH?
Answer R, T

1 We are going to make a cuboid by folding the net below.

A P
Q 1 Colour the face opposite the shaded
C B N M L face.
R S T U
2 Circle the vertexes that match up with
vertex M.
D E H J K
V 3 Which edges match up with edge CD?
F G
4 Which faces are perpendicular to edge HN?
Answer LK（KL）

Answer Q, V
2 Colour the face opposite the marked face.
1 2 3

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Solid Shapes

Sketch

Instruction How to draw a figure that shows the full shape of a

cuboid.

1. Draw three edges 2. Draw the visible 3. Draw the invisible

from one vertex. edges. edges using a dotted
line.

● A diagram that shows a quick When drawing a figure, you

view of the whole object is called can also draw the front face
a sketch.
● In a sketch, we draw parallel
edges as parallel lines.

Example Finish drawing the sketch of the cuboid as shown

below.

Draw the invisible

edges using dotted
lines.

Finish drawing the sketch of the cuboid as shown below.

1 2

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Solid Shapes

How to Express Position ⑴

Example On the grid paper shown below, the length and

width axes are numbered. Point A is represented as
（1 and 2）.
5
D
4
1 How can you represent the position of
3
Length

A Point B?
2
B （3 and 1）
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 2 The position of Point D is:（4 and 4）.
Width Draw Point D in the figure on the left.

1 On the grid paper shown below, the length and width axes are
numbered. Point A is represented as（1 and 3）.
5
4 1 How can you represent the position of
3
A Point B?
Length

2
（2 and 1）
B
1
2 The position of Point D is:（5 and 2）.
0 1 2 3 4 5 Draw Point D in the figure on the left.
Width

2 On the grid paper shown below, the length and width axes are
numbered. Point A is represented as（1 and 4）.
7
6
1 How can you represent the positions of
5
Point B and Point C?
A B
Length

4
Point B （6 and 4）
3
2
C Point C （2 and 1）
1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 The position of Point D is:（4 and 6）.

Width Draw Point D in the figure on the left.
3 Draw the following points in order and connect them with lines.
Point A（1 and 4）→ Point B → Point C → Point D （4 and 6）→（5
and 1）→ Point A
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Solid Shapes

How to Express Position ⑵

Example Every position in the space is represented by three

numbers. The position of the pen is 2 width, 1 length,
and 2 height. We express the position as（2, 1, 2）.

1 Represent the position of following

items.
3 Sessors （4, 2, 1）
2
1 Eraser （0, 3, 0）
0 1 2 3 4
2 What item is in position（4, 0, 3）?

Notebook

The position of the doughnut is 1 width, 2 length, and 2 height. We

express the position as（1, 2, 2）.

1 Represent the position of following

items.
4 Chocolate （3, 2, 3）
3
2 Cheese
1 （2, 1, 1）
0 1 2 3 4 5 Pizza （4, 2, 1）

2 What item is in position（1, 1, 2）?

Banana

3 What item is in position（4, 0, 0）?

Milk

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Solid Shapes

Review

1 Fill in the blank with the name of the figures.

1 2 3

Cuboid Cube Cuboid

2 Finish drawing the net of the cuboid on the right.

1 cm
1 cm

3 cm 4 cm

3 cm

3 Which net can form a cube? Fold the dotted lines and make
cubes.
A B C D

Answer B

4 Colour the face opposite of the marked face.

1 2 3

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 5 Finish drawing the sketch of the cube as shown below.

1 2

6 On the grid paper, the length and width axes are numbered.
Point A is represented as（2 and 1）.
10
9
C 1 How can you represent the
8 positions of Point B and Point C?
7
6 Point B （8 and 1）
Length

5
4 Point C （5 and 9）
3
2
2 The position of Point D is:（5
1
A B and 4）. Draw Point D in the figure
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 on the left.
Width
3 Draw the following points in order and connect them with lines.
Point A（2 and 1）→ Point B →（8 and 7）→ Point C →（2 and 7）
→ Point A →（8 and 7）→（2 and 7）→ Point B

7 The position of the bicycle is 1 width, 1 length, and 1 height.

We express the position as（2, 1, 2）.

Represent the position of following items.

3
Bus （4, 1, 3）
2
1 Bike （3, 0, 0）
0 1 2 3 4

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