Direct current (DC) generators and DC motors are two fundamental electrical machines that play essential roles in various engineering applications. Despite their differences in operation, both devices rely on the principles of electromagnetic induction to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy or vice versa.
Direct current (DC) generators and DC motors are two fundamental electrical machines that play essential roles in various engineering applications. Despite their differences in operation, both devices rely on the principles of electromagnetic induction to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy or vice versa.
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Moduleos: DC GENERATORS AND
Be MOTORS
| “ertook Reference - Eledbirl .Machiner ie
| _DC_fenevator: i “
22} o4)2oai
—> Reine f Dporaition:
An alecteic gonnactor ib & madlint
Wek — converts mnedlanical cory into electricall
| nog - Whenewe Phy ie cob lage corduthor,
on emf ‘duced bik will cauae 0.
cuccrent to flows fe conduchor Ciecud it
doc The diveshion of Seduced cof [and
Dus curceds) iw gin by Fleming’ Ref Hand ale.|
| te Comiponats th ve gensralor axe:
| stele frome [York 7) be
| => Pele cove antl pole she Au Splen
> Field ov exciting vowing
> fewse wre anh waiudlnge | hnsbese
> Cnmdrtors 1 Common
> Brushes
> sab tee | hve
2 Bearing’
=> Shed.
“B. duniton ld glo a
+ produce uniform raaguatic fold within
hid Bo ovrmabase votabey,
+ Age Fone
Supports Pale coeamd pele shoe
—Peoider Does veluctanve ple te
amie fla pou el ids
= Boteds nner pats d OC Geneeelor.
+ fale cove & shows:
—field Jevating ceils axe wound around.
pole Core . ‘
= ielje in wenifovin obtribatin of
te Plane b aronbure
woke
= He ia ineveing qxoos-sentival
-wre Fa ving vic crak, vedacing weak
Fal
— Fmomelled Ca. wie tanwnl ov, tae
toe ty produce + el “tl ’ i
= Connectiol ud hel. tow DC cacvenl wad
bv at polos on dich thoy are
twoound sthain opp. lax thy «
Syolo. gels url
e
Raaiting vomnpontt f oe qouoe
eNematbusse Coxe
| ntl cnheeit he tows et
“Feovidas pact for ods ti
= Provides fas luce yet ,
To eduue bytes fps, toh wal
“Te ede olde suriort Los, ortposmm
Bicevers Serr is ad
» heytbice Wile:
— Sraylabel conductors made ops \emdle
¢ sede vie ae pou a acmaboe elets-
— hae conducne are rudely connected by
va oxeoundl avwpiture Move .
— Heat a pe generator
Saahiol. conversions wechelectvial
Hees place
— Two Lapa: Lap uidings, Woe vsiedingsLap Winding | Whe Winding
“aNoceflNputfle nove poles (ano. [I paBas a
hep he
+ knousn ~ |lorwubbgle | kvoum- adxcuit or seen
wiwdlings, usindlings
* Sin a | 4Suf induced is vance
Shien of wadkine il Sphidenty wading Be
hee ee voff ie 4 4
a Winding cob w Jigh | A windg cock ' boos
+ Commasttors
= Kynedenial vedifer whidl conods
allt. voltage genniakel in axwrebane viding
tudo divedt vollige ocwess Ee brushea.
~ Hade of Ca seprands wll fom
todd thar by vnten. shoots & mounbel
on shobt of $e modine.
= brusbon, ib provda a connettion
between. rotoiti ie conductors
vid stating oft ciccait -
* Cy
‘oat ws dt axchon [graphite Components
attadleh to votabvg oomalase gent
via commudator, Connecting ext. cheat
to DC gowraler-Rucpose: Tap clecbvical pow gonna 0
robbing, avratore
- Sprivys axe. wed to adja peaswr?
eyevtel or Comynuttatoe by hrushor -
Sich Hows
+ ep atiadad to yoke ‘ends, Hak
provide Support ‘ty bearirgs «
Beari Le |
TAPOB TR Calon tel bo lle baring
vonghe eluces Friction Yur wababvy
abationany parts of BL gorwabor
OE cl ows. Leaner bo madlline is
dove w0 Aap of will shel deft having
won. \eeaking abeorgh-
- Rotaking ‘pave (ocmnahuee Corey sornenalecbot)
ave aitadled bo whafl -
she redamgular coil is placed bls a oFp- pola
smog
¥ von. fel coil (voound ove, rmgret) inne b-
pe source, He wogre Gb prergined mynatic
Poa » geuatel pebrooon “hae Sp - poles.
x Who vedangulese coil vehates abit its axisWw agrebic deld ith cabs the mabe fie
quurited by fil ads
> 80, Bora, vill be om emt indael ia
bath sider ofcoil. Sinet fap thu,
cucvenh sill be o
rf be op
> Thor will be o veutoal of oxccenb in
svmabiie foe ead Balt station, ub
jn AC current acwost
a
5 a
The £3Fy - Cumnaked EMF
P— Total no. d pole,
fe Plow pada foe foe (nH)
z - Toul woth avmnaltere Corduclors
w= Pawdbce pend (in *p
Nh No of pile {fr boil
$n xewlbon of aomabwct (ore, tral fy
produced by \ condan tow of. aera bere is,
db, = P4
Tune taken by axcmubare Cove 4o complete [rew.,
de = to}N
Foroday's Laws, > Ate ~ Tie
gice, dota v0 of. couducbors conneckol in gevies
ber pth is 2A, tolal ew . lows
a
fH es 2p
boA
t
> Cue (i): ba cies , ee ban
indi = pznP
— se (i): Ma ose Fe iTypes of. DC Genertloge
The. rmogyelic fad in DC guidatoe is
worl, praca by dachomagnets vsti Baw
poomunent: vrognets tC genvalos axe
classed based on Pe. excitation gene
ele windings.
> exerted DC Gendralors:
Required power. pr eneiting held
vanding, is obluirel from seperate
DC Source. (vavely wed)
=> Sell exuded DC Genvatorss
Required. power Ee cing fd
windings is obtoed fom power deelapal
in axmnaclure f vt Crenorator.
FudRor, sell-wettel De Crenprators ave
classified Yael on fe comedian blur fold
winding amd ooomabare vaindling, os
x shun gensotor: Field aiding in
parallel ty armature wsding.
XDL gewies qemnator » Feld winding au
series $0. axcnabice indi»
OC Compound genvuabor: Consists fainting
one in sexies, one in Il axcmobuve
urindings, Baral on Hare wivdi
oreo, ce chasified mt
> bara—shwit compownd
Ae Shut compound .2 vragnelic. Pan gone by sevieh fad
. re aids, vrognelic log gevoued be shust
JM wading, Eis said to be curnubvly
| eeu
| > at riage Men quoaked bp serie fold
uivding opposes Re ving. flay gonvstal
by hue Red winding, atin wid bole
| DC Genoator
| ——_——-1,
Soper Sell excited
exaded +
Shut Series Compound
\
Short shuwk, Long Shunt
c—L,, rhe |
condi Rift
Jexvai t oe
suede Tower Setbpal = Fe
Reva dalivore fend = SlocTata “To FarTaFo)
=NIh.Seld- execked gertea DCChonsvaboes:
Feld. vsinding
all bev bene
veaitenth, >,
Teeawria uthols
f dowd caret,
frewabexe coer, To= Tee Te aa
Brorival vabage Eq Bla)
Duoe doveoped sw amare = Ege
Pee div 0 Sa fla Blt)
= ToL tg The
il
ety V =VTa wet |
Sa-etal_ hurt veGonnans
Shut fold ul
hast Ligh
veisbme, 0
Pat Ty will be
sill, aking
I doge
Shut Redd avert, Ty> ¥]R%
Newodbare cucruity To2 Tis Teh
Tevwivell Voltage, Ne Fy Tae
Teor doalbpel a annabore 2 Egle.
Tout delivoad to Pood = VFSab -exshel Compound thorb shunt, DC drenoartors:
Daly shunt fi wining isin pooallal
to osvmabure vaieding-
Tr Ae Sets ful
Ree.
Series Sad cuscronit Ter Te
Shunt fd caveerts, Tan > ‘Vette
Tevmival Volbage, N= Ey Take. Taekoe
Roar, delved 40 Load = VL,
Power developed in premature = Egla
gel -endted -_Comound. lava. shut, Debrenrators.
Brunt field urding 's in porallel 4
both, series fold and oocoma ere Wo riveding..
Th kh
Series heb caceent , Tse= Ta=Tath
Tye VIR
(race)Lapses ino DC: Hashes (teers Goat)
There oe rvvivly 3 ype hue:
® Coppete Doses — esemabuve , shunt, series
| (i) Won ov cove bosses, — hysteresis, eas
| (i) wedanital Jase - Fricbon, windage
hae Yrses apenas bob, raising “Be Lemp.
odie “Pay sho Anuar Be ofconng of
co wali
Losses s
Ccturs due tw currents i various esndlings
of smadlive:
vmetuce Ca foxy =To Ra
5 Stunt Rd. Ca boss = Toy, Poh
~> Seer Mad Ca Loose Tee Bee
ie wall Me Qos due +o bah
Con yaisharce. “Ths & gov all, included
axwratinne Copper. ors. :
| Leon ov Core lessen
Ocenxs du to veotabion f acenahue n
omgestc fold of Be pols.
| Bape de
Arg gis pat f axcwabure is
| sujechel bb rrognetic. fed evoiialh ax
A posse. cunder successive pola. in oder
by carter cotivanccaly the molecular
ss in avcmaere Core, somo amt
magnet
pees has to be spent — hysteria Joss .Stewmetg, Formula for hypbovets Deas
R= 1B $V watts , ton.
Bang = mien: fn deny 0 ornare
fe Prequoney of maguatic. eos
aMP ) ishoxe N is inxpm
no
Ne Volume ff scmabure in om?
Ne Steimets hysteresis coelfivent .
To veduce Bis Les, ccomabire Core ie made d
muberials having our n eurhan Slicon steel
> Say seed, Boss
Baw wall be vollage ivdace! i
ovwoture cove, Rendivg to cevtalating currents,
called dy Currents « yy. cause pow.
Aue to thai flow. Sd Cuvvort Doss can be
seduced by,
ge moking Core yesicbance Righ
x Samivations ual aconbing Pl vaeia,
* n
(cove off Baa, Goadsbog coating uth
vound iver) Aes veisbarce )
Sadly cocerent. dors ,fo= ke Brroy PV watts.
ke = Cone. hependi upon: cleckital)
soistanee rer syplone wis wal,
Bray. = mon. Duk dons (wh bw?)
§ = Srey. of rragrdlic ale
te Baivon af Danica ium,
ve Volume of Cove in m?,Bechanial Loser
= Picton bearing feichion, brush, tricon,..
> Windoge. - awe Lickion d rtabig axnocbuxe
“thie Doser depends. 0% Speed of nadive,
Bub, for a quem speed, thay axe cost (perl)
Son Posen + Hedliall lsses = Shay fea.
row A ape gemvalor ith wane wound.
oxwmabare fax si dats , and 24 Covduthoes
pe alt the Pax per -pole is ovo Wh. At
what speed yout Be avwndtiva vltile
git am duced eret of is whit vail be
Bo voltage Bedlpel rit te waving isp -
connected oud. axoniave olaten it samme spel
Ans: Given. Pe,
“Teal wo. of aomacdare condudors ,E= 51k 24
= 1024
b= oo) Wh,
(i) Fg =a5vV
Werk wound 3 Ree NPZ >
129
J, Ne 1208e BY20K250__ = bIS pro
PEO
1224 K0-01
y, Neblarpm.
Li) tap - wou > Pee SEE
Ah o9) abe = 126.08 -
By + \ap-voound = 125: 05%yi
yor: ‘ % pole lap vsourd DO shunt gerbia lor
“ wal le d ouwh. the
axméline winding consists joo Tutny
each tus hae ei Pe He
Glladse Hie -lecrrivall votlage von ving it
looovpm, if anmalere Current is 45h-
|
| hos Given: Poa,
| beobwh ,
Acunabare worsbamue Po = anos 000% fy
= Obs
antlocf Tans > Z= a4 R00 409
N = loooxpm,
T= 4gh-
Now, Jap. wound, qounatoy 2 Fae gan
bo
Eq = (0. 000
28> (00 boOl2) seo
Sq ve shuatt genvator,
Ne Eq Toke
|
= 4000- 3) (04) = 303
| Fecmial voltage = 3073
yo" A Lovg shunt vornpourdl gonator delvrs
a ood cactent @ sok at sooV and has
axwabere, series fed amd shunt field resistances
of ons SL, v-025 amd aso th respestiv
Clade te qurtabel volbage an the
ascmétion convents Mlow IN per bewh be
Coidack dep.
E| fs iv Ty: 50h, Ne 500,
| Razo07 fk, Ryro0s,
Pah = MON.
Verh 21 per bruh «
|
|
Long shut DC oat,
2 Ty, Me
Roh
= G00 _ of.
ago
WKY, Ty = T+
ST,= sotae 2A.
WKY, Ve 21 Ty (Be Ba) yeaah) 2
9 y= VaTa (Reet Re) ¢ 2. Viomarh
= soot 52(008) +8
a Ee = Sob: Yy
DC Metor:
> Peinerple Bi Operiten
A rrodline that cmwvotts DC poner
“ado ameclamical. posed is Loum as DC mdtor.
hbo a Corson ane anduckor is peel
ino wagncbic Co. he conductor experiences
a echavieal dre (Fe Bre astovs). The
chi xedhion of Bhs eee is given by
Fleming's Left Hand Rule.> Lovateuchon
Ssaclly similar te that of DC Gensintor.
the same DC ranchine Combe cum as &
grrwutor or mobor.
> Work’ rt
9 Relex do textbook i No. vad
—> Bark et:
Te + Be violin of armabere Be
axmabare conductors cal Re wogdic
Poo of ynoin wrageobic fol avd hone
irducel ome is devlaped. in Be on 2
conductor .Rivce tas whawed emt oppose He
ture Rat produces 1b, ts is knsnee
lack em Eb
fo Back emp is laced in ovemapere due te
gowrattion adhion, Hs rg vitude ig gon by.
samme efprasion of Ey in pe Gower,
Re
bol *
+ Supply velinge wv will be grater Yan 6.
¥ Back evnf 3s wel 4 velatbe he
axcmarece euerenb, aecordivg te Load
conneibed 40 vnator.
Low Jord, Digh vy, bide E,, Ju speed modling
High fd, Iu V, Bow Ey, Aph speed mackie?
JNz Woltage. supplied 4 cxrmalaxe,
Ey beck ent,
Rid Arvemocbare nceyistunce
Tot (ucrent axmnabere
Neb voltage aewss. aswobece crit VFL,
3 Ta= ceo
Rae
Fundarwontall
aVv= Eyr Taka > Volbnge San. d
DC Motor
Maldon above en by Ta, we gcbs
Wiy= Bolas Taha ,
Pye Ba Fay foe fa ot
> Pt & Dc Molar
colow, f= VI = iMpul power suppbiel
v pote
ox
Pa = Feta = meddonveal, fous deviled
A tenor
he Te = toppor Ae in acnetuxe,ZRewe ow Speed eayaon:
An clecbromagretic. toque 1 doudbpe ine
armabue , known as atnabire torque, Ta,
Tae Fav,
Fe doce aching on acrobere Corduchr,
ve wader of ocevverbse ,
Sa cevelation, . work done. hy fice is givenes,
My = Fealle -
Teal medonicall powor developed in occrroture ,
m= Ve - Fae 2 NFa
“one bo}nl be
in is snepn = TeatN Lan:
Wwe aongalore veleczhy of aemocauxe (eadl]zec’) .
Mechanical pours devdleped in arate 18,
: Pn = EpFa +
> TtdIN J Eeda-
bo
Sm = 4 BS,
Wk, R= $2NP sus 4.55 xP2NP Tr
oA boANPract similar bak od DC Gesora hoes
P Refer textbook fy Nov, 454
hogs A aso\, 4 pole wrwe wound, BC rere
moter ho, 2 conductors 0” As armabere
$b os apunabuie and sexi@ fd verivbance
of oats ll, te wobor taker a casero
doh. Determine ite eo amd
Qs toope doueDopel , te hos 0
flue poe pole of 36 wb.
Bass Given: Poa,
\e250\),
GH 482,
Rot Ree = Or tS,
Ta =aoA,
¢ = ag rio Wh
Bak emf, Eye N—TalRas®#)
= 450-40 (078)
1, Eb =da0V
> SpeedN= Ae x bok .
7 Beh Nea dorwane wrod
Eo y 180 = 280
~ 120
2p ree
Fiona
aot > = ALA
Y. 3B TPM
Speed => B38¥pmAerrecbure torque VTge 055 Bia
N
= 455% ab0x40 of Akt Ne
336
+ Remnabare gostoque= ast Nay
Chasclrecties of Dt Gennuttor
(ods, ovation, and evrival. voles Boose
graphs for dbfferent Di Coonators. i Reow ass
chavackevistics of DL Genmalor-
(iso oa eset
Garaph des cart govonted a v0
bed emastan (60) ard. fd exit Ze)
ato tot - pine yapvOc speed . feo
known a Open exe cDovaskeusss or
sroyyabeation Doractorides -
(i) Srbeural, Peas
Graph bles emf govoatel (eq) amd
anmebere corona). Also Knew as
iy od aracboibies.
te) rbowall esoteric:
Graph Das teewioll
ap [Us " Yo {v) and
fuk const: (a) Hse Ce
damoisbe. ox vlog web care
Shs cave he, bel, int chan .8 waited DC Gonoecor ckavacaranics
(1) Wo Low — chervalrixtiy,
eee
: A
Sepernte sonae
Tesch
ue (en Ke)
Fa Ky (chow tral’)
[i deel dacs,
L- wo fond vellage .
Fovs Ta 18 olomatcast. C1 3
When Dood is inerenal,
Hon will bea dep
Wm genta emf, “
dee to onmatwe ohn .
T fy Ta - inbemall char, Slo Valtage?
(ai) Syter closactenisbics | nw
TH ecmined voltage Uv
Subbaciny cxcmalucre ‘esistamve clo from IEShunt D6 Conoulor Dlarachoristics:
{) No codsiast 4
Wee A poke
Residual pero
¢ a , voidudl
. diam
“ee
Puskol}
Y Tey
i) Seiecel Seente Bid from on.chow. 5DC _Com Guonerator ovocPURO-
over comp.
Chowacboistis of DC Het
(1) ¢tedvted). hove. Ta veda
Li) Bpeod. vs Jaewacbuse Crocco chav: NP
(i) Mechawieall chase. NasTa-
vel,
»
(i) Ta [To .
he vn
-
ydhk | + ‘y aobinded STaely
aA (
i) ME * variable speed
wator,
NABIZ 8
a
odta (9)
aN § Ee
ES 1 oeaes
z
Tn KE pT Nv
wT (oye
Tala) >
“Brunt DC_Heor aeribis
oes
Te
4 > const « 7
To
Ta ATe rm
£— >
Wie
= Timo”| De Compound widloy cAaxa courbes:
@
Applications.
5 8 seventy lel DCCs:
sel | ia nbs dan bo ve fe wget
oubpul vollage -
> ot Fo serie
Used in oc cetert
abberuna
bth cep is vey ll,
Sourte for loads
ge dourte fo batt ey Posen
dadnpliie, Dbelyic popes
2 DE sex" Crenote whee
x Used jn seviee axe Bef wd
: wneandes andescernt!
am in AC gonveborsCe
used 0%
Vinh Woikee 4 can voll
drop in Inet to ee 7
_ Regneein braking af OC bemoan> 2C compaumne, Genoa:
¥ Provide cond voltage at fine My piper
Compoundlug «
| & BLL. Comp» — as webbing purcpones
| & Cum. comp: ~ supply power. “bo
alan, cals, Drassy pow apply
ome, schoo. , clostedor nnabors,A
> C shyit_Meloc:
Aw vd me)
4 Cov Speed
ao adjatable speed. in ange 2515 borg wth
anedivm — sasting: toaye-
x Lathe madline® , costed pumps,
Spinning , weaning yn ne -
> 00 sedet Noles
we vwenble speed, ugh abetting sbeque
ae Train work, Anclleys; Cars, crames ete.
ge mdorct ley coutl 3b
—> vc ctund Mobo _
x glevakors, comtyor Peay plomoe ee