9TH GRADE

MATHEMATICS 9
Chapter 4

QUARTER 3
 9TH GRADE
Module 4: Zero, Negative, Rational Exponents
and Radicals
A. Learning Outcomes
1. Grade Level Standard
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts and principles of algebra,
geometry, probability and statistics as applied, using appropriate technology, in
critical thinking, problem solving, reasoning, communicating, making connections,
representations, and decisions in real life.

2. Content and Performance Standards

Content Standards:
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of radicals.

Performance Standards:
The learner is able to formulate and solve accurately problems involving radicals.
 9TH GRADE

UNPACKING THE STANDARDS FOR UNDERSTANDING

 9TH GRADE

INTRODUCTION
For this lesson students will be
skilled in simplifying expressions
with zero, negative integral and
rational exponent.
 9TH GRADE

POSITIVE INTEGRAL NEGATIVE

EXPONENT EXPONENT ZERO EXPONENT

𝟎 𝟎
𝟑 𝟐
𝟐
𝟑 −𝟐 𝟑 𝟒
𝟐 −𝟒 𝟐
−𝟑
𝟑
𝒂
𝒂 𝟎
𝒂
 9TH GRADE

POSITIVE INTEGRAL NEGATIVE

EXPONENT EXPONENT ZERO EXPONENT

𝟎
𝟑 𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐 𝟑
−𝟑 𝟎
𝒂 𝟑 𝒂 𝒂
𝟒 −𝟒 𝟎
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
 9TH GRADE

OBJECTIVES

Apply the laws involving

positive integral exponents
to zero and negative integral
exponents
 9TH GRADE

01

REVIEW
 To simplify positive integral exponent:

2
1. 3 3
4. 4 ∙ 1 2

𝟐
4 𝟐𝒙𝟑
2. 2 5.
𝟑𝒚𝟐

3
3. 𝑎
 To change zero exponent into
positive integral exponent:

0
1. 3 0
4. 5 ∙ 5 2

𝟑 𝟎
0 𝟐𝒙
2. 2 5.
𝟑𝒚𝟐

0
3. 𝑎
 𝟎
Definition of 𝒂
𝒂𝒎
From Grade 7, we know that = 𝒂𝒎−𝒏 𝒊𝒇
𝒂𝒏
𝒂 ≠ 𝟎, 𝒎 > 𝒏.

Suppose we want this law to hold even when

m = n.

𝒂𝒎
Then = 𝒂𝒎−𝒎 𝒊𝒇 𝒂 ≠ 𝟎
𝒂𝒎
𝒂𝒎
But we also know that = 𝟏. Thus, we define
𝒂𝒎
𝒂𝟎 = 𝟏, 𝒂 ≠ 𝟎.
 To change zero exponent into
positive integral exponent:
0 5 0 0 2 3
a. 3 b. 𝑚 𝑛 c. 4𝑥 𝑦 𝑧

34
0 0
d. 4𝑥 𝑦 e. 3𝑥 f. 4
3

0 2 2 0
f. 𝑎 • 𝑎 g. 2𝑥 • 4
 To change negative integral exponent into
positive integral exponent:

−2
1. 3 3. 𝑎 −3

−4 −5
2. 2 4. 𝑥
 −𝒏
Definition of 𝒂 ,𝒏 > 𝟎
𝒂𝒎 𝒎−𝒏
From Grade 7, we know that =𝒂 𝒊𝒇
𝒂𝒏
𝒂 ≠ 𝟎, 𝒎 > 𝒏.

Suppose we want this law to hold even when

m < n.

𝒂𝟎
Then = 𝒂𝟎−𝒏 𝒊𝒇 𝒂 ≠ 𝟎
𝒂𝒏
𝒂𝟎 𝟏
But we also know that = . Thus, we define
𝒂𝒏 𝒂 𝒏
𝟎
𝒂 = 𝟏, 𝒂 ≠ 𝟎.
 To simplify positive integral exponent:

−3 2 −2 4 −1
a.2 b. 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 c. 2𝑚

2 −3 −4 −4
d. ( ) e. 𝑎 f. 4𝑏𝑐
3

−2 3 −4 −1 −4
g. −3𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 h. 5𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
 Generalization
To rewrite expressions with zero and
negative exponents into positive integers:

1. Zero Exponents – for any non-zero

0
number x; 𝑥 = 1
2. Negative Exponents – for any non-
−𝑛 1
zero number x; 𝑥 = 𝑛
𝑥
 Q3 Activity 1
Rewrite the following expressions with zero
and negative exponents into positive
exponents.
1. 5𝑦 −2 3
6. −8𝑎 𝑏 𝑐0 −2
1 −2 0 0 0
2. 𝑦 7. −4𝑎 𝑥 𝑦
2
−2
3. 5 𝑦 3 −2
8. 5𝑎 𝑥 𝑦 3 0
−2 2 −2 0 2 0 −4
4. 5 𝑥 𝑦 9. 3 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
5. 15𝑎 𝑏−6 0 −3
10. 𝑎 𝑥 𝑦0 −2
 Q3 Quiz 1
Rewrite the following expressions with zero and negative
exponents into positive exponents.
−5 0
1. 𝑥 𝑦
−5
2. 4𝑥
−3 0 −4
3. 𝑎 𝑐 𝑑
0 −1 0 −2
4. 4 𝑐 𝑏 𝑥
0 −2 −2
5. −5𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
 9TH GRADE

Lesson 1.a
Apply the laws of exponents involving
positive integral exponents to zero and
negative integral exponents
 9TH GRADE

Give the value of the following expressions.

𝟎 𝟑 𝟎 −𝟒
𝒂. ) 𝒙 c.) 𝒂 𝒃 e.) 𝟑𝒄

𝟎 −𝟐 −𝟏
b.) 𝟖𝒚 𝐝. )𝒛 6. (𝟐𝒅)
 Illustrative Examples 9TH GRADE

−𝟓 𝟎
𝒂𝟑 𝒙𝟓 𝒓𝟐 𝒔−𝟑 𝒕𝟒 𝟐𝒎
1. 3. 5. 7.
𝒃 𝒚−𝟑 𝒓−𝟐 𝒔𝟓 𝒕−𝟐 𝟑𝒏−𝟒

𝟓 −𝟐 𝟑
𝒂 𝒃 𝒄 −𝟓 𝟑
𝟑𝒙 𝒚 −𝟓
2. 4. 6.
𝒙𝟑 𝒂𝟑 𝒃−𝟏 𝒄 𝟔−𝟏 𝒙−𝟑 𝒚𝟓

𝟐 𝟑 𝟎
𝟓𝒂 𝒃
8. 𝟑 𝟐 −𝟏
𝟏𝟎𝒂 𝒃
 “WHO AM I?”: Directions: Evaluate each expression without zero and negative exponent.
Choose your answer from the choices and write the letter corresponding to the number in the
box below to decode the message.
3 2 3 2 3
1 𝑎 𝑛 𝑥 𝑦 (𝑥+𝑦)−1
1. −2 3. −1 2 5. −2 0 7. 2 4 9.
3 𝑏 𝑐 𝑚 𝑛 7𝑏 𝑐 𝑥 −2
−2 −5 −1 2 −1
𝑥 𝑎 𝑏 (𝑎𝑏) 2𝑥 𝑦
2. −3 4. −2 0 6. 2 3 5 0 8.
𝑦 𝑚 𝑛 5𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 4𝑥 −2
𝑥9 𝑦6 𝑎3 𝑏 𝑏𝑚2
M D I
7𝑏 2 𝑐 4 𝑐2 𝑎5
R 9 𝑥2 𝑦3
H S
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥2
1 8 2 2
E A C 𝑚 𝑛
𝑎𝑏 𝑦

8 1 5 9 4 7 6 3 6 2
Q3 Activity 2
Simplify the following expressions, match Column A with Column B.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
𝒔−𝟐 •𝒔−𝟑 a. 𝟑𝒑𝟑 𝒒𝟐 𝒓𝟑
1. 𝒔−𝟕
b. 𝒔𝟐
𝟐𝒂−𝒃 𝟎 𝟐
2. 𝟎 c.
𝟐
𝒂 −𝒃 𝟑𝒙𝟐

𝟐𝒙−𝟒 d. 1
3. 𝟑𝒙−𝟐
𝟏
e. 𝟕𝟓𝒑𝟑 𝒒𝟐 𝒓𝟑
𝟐𝒙−𝟒
4. 𝟑𝒙−𝟐
𝟏
f. f.
𝟗𝒙𝟒
𝟒𝒙𝟔
5. Q3 Quiz 2
𝟑𝒙 𝟎 g. 𝟒𝒙𝟔
 𝒃𝟐
Des and Richard were asked to simplify
−𝟓 .Their solutions and
𝒃
explanation are as shown.

DES RICHARD

𝒃 𝟐
𝒃 𝟐
𝒃 𝟓 𝒃𝟐 𝟐 −(−𝟓) 𝟐+𝟓 𝟕
𝟐 𝟕 = 𝒃 = 𝒃 = 𝒃
= =𝒃 ∙ =𝒃 𝒃−𝟓
𝒃−𝟓 𝟏 𝟏
𝒃𝟓

Who do you think is the correct in simplifying the given

expression?
 9TH GRADE
Perform the indicated
operation.
𝟐 𝟑
1) +
𝟑 𝟒

𝟐 𝟑
2) −
𝟑 𝟒

𝟐 𝟑
3)
𝟑 𝟒
 9TH GRADE

Lesson 2
Simplify expressions with
rational exponents
 Rational Numbers 9TH GRADE

Rational Numbers are real numbers that can

be written in the form a/b, where a and b are
real numbers and b ≠ 0. Hence, they can be
whole numbers, fractions, mixed numbers
and decimal, together with their negative
images.
 Simplify the following. 9TH GRADE

𝟏 𝟏
−
1) 𝟐𝟓
𝟐 5. 𝟏𝟐𝟏 𝟐
𝟏 𝟑
2) 𝟔𝟒
𝟑 6. 𝟗 𝟐
𝟏
3) −𝟖
𝟑
𝟏
4) 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟑
Simplify the following expressions with 9TH GRADE

rational exponents.
𝟐 𝟑
1.) 𝒎 𝟑 𝒎 𝟒
𝟏 𝟐
2.) 𝒌 𝟒 𝒌 𝟑
𝟓
𝒂𝟕
3.) 𝟐
𝒂𝟑
Simplify the following expressions with 9TH GRADE

rational exponents.
𝟐 𝟐
𝒚𝟑
4.) 𝟏
𝒚𝟐
𝟏
5.) 𝟏𝟐
𝒓 𝒔 𝟗 𝟑
Simplify the following expressions with rational exponents.

𝟓
𝟐 𝟒
𝟐𝟑
1. 𝒄 𝟗 𝒄 𝟑 4. 𝟒
𝟐𝟔
𝟐 𝟒 −𝟓 −𝟏
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
2. 𝒙 𝒚 𝟓 𝟏𝟎 5. 𝒙 𝒚 𝟐
𝟏
𝒂𝟐
3. 𝟑
𝒂𝟏𝟎 Q3 Activity 3
Simplify the following expressions with rational exponents.

𝟏
𝟐 𝟔
𝒂𝟐
1. 𝒌 𝟓 𝒌 𝟕 4. 𝟑
𝒂𝟏𝟎

𝟏 𝟒
−
𝟏𝟔 𝟐𝟎 𝟖 𝟐 𝟑
2. 𝒙 𝒚 𝒛 𝟒 5. 𝟓
−
𝟐 𝟔
𝟏
𝟐𝟏 −𝟏𝟓 −𝟑 Q3 Quiz 3
3. 𝒑 𝒒 𝒓 𝟑
STVEP/REG
Simplify the following expressions with rational exponents.

𝟏 −𝟏
𝟐 𝟔
𝒎𝟓 𝒏 𝟕
1. 𝒌 𝟓 𝒌 𝟕 4. −𝟏 𝟐
𝒎 𝟒 𝒏𝟕

𝟏 𝟑 −𝟏
𝟏𝟔 𝟐𝟎 𝟖 𝒙𝟐 𝒚 𝟒
2. 𝒙 𝒚 𝒛 𝟒 5. 𝟑 𝟑
𝒙𝟒 𝒚𝟒
𝟏 Q3 Quiz 3
𝟐𝟏 −𝟏𝟓 −𝟑
3. 𝒑 𝒒 𝒓 𝟑
STE
Simplify the ff.
 9TH GRADE

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Simplify the following expressions with 9TH GRADE

rational exponents.
𝟐 𝟑
1.) 𝒎 𝟑 𝒎 𝟒
𝟐 𝟑
+
➢𝒎 𝟑 𝟒

𝟖+𝟗

➢𝒎 𝟏𝟐

𝟏𝟕

𝒎 𝟏𝟐
 Simplify the following expressions with rational
exponents.
𝟐 𝟐
𝒚𝟑
2.) 𝟏
𝒚𝟐
𝟒
𝒚𝟑
➢ 𝟐
𝒚𝟐
𝟒 𝟐
➢ y −
𝟑 𝟐
8 −𝟔
➢ y𝟐 𝟔
y𝟔
𝟏
𝒚 𝟑
Simplify the following expressions with rational
exponents.
𝟏
3.) 𝒓𝟏𝟐 𝒔𝟗 𝟑

𝟏
➢ 𝒓𝟏𝟐 𝒔𝟗 𝟑

𝟏𝟐 𝟗
➢ r s𝟑 𝟑

𝟒 𝟑
𝒓 𝒔
A. TRANSFORM THE EXPRESSION WITH RATIONAL EXPONENT TO ITS
RADICAL FORM. USE THE EXAMPLE GIVEN AS YOUR GUIDE.
B. TRANSFORM THE FOLLOWING RADICAL EXPRESSION INTO ITS
EXPONENTIAL FORM. USE THE EXAMPLE GIVEN AS YOUR GUIDE.
Transform expressions from
radical form to exponential
form and vice versa
Lesson 3
 HOW DO YOU THINK THE
GIVEN EXPRESSIONS WITH
RATIONAL EXPONENT WERE
WRITTEN AND RADICALS?
HOW DO YOU THINK THE
GIVEN EXPRESSIONS IN
RADICAL FORM WERE
WRITTEN AND RATIONAL
EXPONENT?
A radical expression or radical is an expression containing the symbol

index / order (Indicates the degree of the radical)

𝒏 𝒎
𝒂
(“m” is the power or
exponent of the
radical sign radicand)
read as radicand
“nth root of a raise to (number or expression
inside the radical sign)
m”
 Radical form Exponential form
3
𝟕 “seventh root
𝟑 7
𝟐 of two cube” 2 1
𝟒 “fourth root
32 of thirty- 32 4

𝟓 6
49𝑎 𝑏two”
𝟑 3
6 5
“fifth root of the quantity of forty-
nine a raise to six b raise to three”
49𝑎 𝑏
 Exponential form Radical form
2 3 3
2 “cube root
3 3
3 9 of nine”
3 5 3 5 5
3
2 𝑛 3 8𝑛 3
5 (2n)
(2n) “fifth root of eight n cube”
2
𝟑 3 3 𝟑 2 332 3 9

4 𝑥 4
𝟐 𝒙 𝟐 𝑥
𝒙 “cube root of nine over x raise to four”
A radical expression or radical is an expression containing the symbol

index / order (Indicates the degree of the radical)

𝒏 𝒎
𝒂
(“m” is the power or
exponent of the
radical sign radicand)
read as radicand
“nth root of a raise to (number or expression
inside the radical sign)
m”
Activity#5: Transform the following expressions from radical
form to exponential form and vice versa.
Radical Form Exponential Form
𝟑
𝟐 𝟏
𝟏𝟏𝐱 𝟐𝟔𝟒
𝟐
𝟑 𝟑 𝟐
𝟓𝐚 𝐛 𝟑
𝐲𝟓
𝟐
𝟒𝐧 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒
𝟒𝐫 𝐬 𝐭 𝟓
−𝟐𝟗
𝐦𝟓 𝐩
QUIZ#4: Transform the following expressions from radical form
2 to exponential form and vice versa.
3 5
1. 60 3 6. 3𝑎 8𝑏
5
4 5 7
2. (2𝑥𝑦)
1
3 7. −2 𝑥 𝑦
1 2 𝑎
3. 𝑎
8.
𝑏
1 1
4. 𝑥 𝑦
2 2 9. 2
4𝑥 𝑦 4
1
6 3
5.(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 10. 3 𝑚
Find the indicated root of the following.
1. 100
3
2. ) 8
3
3. ) −125
4
4. ) 81
4
5. ) 16
Find the indicated root of the following.
6. 8
7. ) 75
3
8. ) 81
4
9. ) 162
10) 200
 Simplify
radicals by
reducing the
radicand
Quarter 3 Lesson 4
To simplify radicals by reducing
the radicand,
1)Factor the radicand such that
one of the factors is a perfect
nth root.
2)Extract the nth root.
3)Multiply the root obtained and
non perfect nth root.
Example : • To simplify radicals
Note/Tip:
by reducing the
1) 2
4𝑥 𝑦 3 In factoring radicand,
(step #1), the 1) Factor the
highest value of radicand such
2) 200𝑎𝑏 2 the exponent of that one of the
the radicand factors is a
3 4 4
3) 16𝑥 𝑦 must be the
same with the
perfect nth root.
2) Extract the nth
3 index so that it root.
4) 2 5
54𝑥 𝑦𝑧 4 would be easier 3) Multiply the root
to extract. obtained and non
4 perfect nth root.
5) 5 8
162𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 12
To simplify radicals by reducing
the radicand,
1)Factor the radicand such that
one of the factors is a perfect
nth root.
2)Extract the nth root.
3)Multiply the root obtained and
non perfect nth root.
ACTIVITY: Simplify the following by
reducing the radicand as much as
possible.
1. 𝟗𝟎𝒂 𝟐

2. 𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒂 𝒃
𝟑 𝟑 𝟏𝟎 𝟗
3. 𝟔𝟒𝒙 𝒚 𝒛
4. 𝟑 𝟑
𝟓𝟎𝒂 𝒃 𝒄𝒅𝟐
𝟑
5. 𝟐𝟕
 Additional activity: Simplify the following by
reducing the radicand as much as possible.

𝟔
1. 𝟕𝟓𝒙𝟑 6. 𝟗𝒎 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝒎𝟓 𝒏𝟏𝟏
𝟑
2.𝟐𝒙 𝟕𝟐𝒙𝒚 𝟓 7. 𝟒
𝟏𝟔𝟐𝒃 𝒔𝟗

3.𝟓𝒑 𝟓𝟎𝒑𝟒 8.
𝟓 𝟕 𝟑 𝟏𝟏
𝟖 𝟏𝟐𝟖𝒈 𝒉 𝒌
𝟑 𝟑
4.𝟐𝒙 𝟑 𝟒
𝟖𝟏𝒙 𝒚 𝒛 9. 𝟓𝒂 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝒂𝒃 𝟓

𝟐 𝟑 𝟔 𝟑
5. 𝟔𝒙 𝟐
𝟐𝟓𝟔𝒙 𝒚𝟒 𝟏𝟎. 𝟕𝒂 𝟕 𝟐
𝟓𝟔𝒂𝒂 𝒃 𝒄𝟓
Examples : • To simplify radicals
Note/Tip:
by reducing the
1) 𝑥 7 In factoring radicand,
(step #1), the 1) Factor the
highest value of radicand such
2) 9
63𝑥 𝑦 4 the exponent of that one of the
the radicand factors is a
2
3) 45𝑥 𝑦 3 must be the perfect nth root.
same with the 2) Extract the nth
3 index so that it root.
4) 5
128𝑥 𝑦 8 would be easier 3) Multiply the root
to extract. obtained and non
perfect nth root.
5)11𝑥𝑦 6
108𝑥 𝑦 10
Quiz 5: Simplify the following by reducing the
radicand as much as possible.
𝟒 𝟓 𝟔 𝟑 𝟔
1. 𝟑𝟐𝒙 𝒚 6. 𝟓𝟒𝒙 𝒚
𝟓
2. 𝟐 𝟑𝟐𝒎𝒏 𝟓 7. 𝟔
𝟔𝟒𝒂 𝒃
𝟐 𝟑 𝟑 𝟔 𝟓
3. 𝟐𝒛 𝟒𝒙 𝒚 𝒛 8. 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒙 𝒚
𝟑 𝟐 𝟒 𝟐 𝟒 𝟔
4. 𝟓𝟒𝒙 𝒚 9. 𝟏𝟔𝟐𝒙 𝒚 𝒛
𝟒 𝟐 𝟑 𝟓 𝟒 𝟑
5. 𝟐𝟖𝟗𝒂 𝒃 10. 𝟏𝟐𝟖𝒙 𝒚 𝒛
 • To simplify radicals
Example 1: 2
4𝑥 𝑦 3 Note/Tip:
by reducing the
In factoring radicand,
➢ 𝟐
𝟐 • 𝒙 𝟐 𝟐
•𝒚 • 𝒚
(step #1), the
highest value of
1) Factor the
radicand such
the exponent of that one of the
➢2•𝑥•𝑦 𝑦 the radicand
must be the
factors is a
perfect nth root.
same with the 2) Extract the nth

➢2𝑥𝑦 𝑦
index so that it root.
would be easier 3) Multiply the root
to extract. obtained and non
perfect nth root.
 • To simplify radicals
Example 2:
200𝑎𝑏 2 Note/Tip:
by reducing the
In factoring radicand,
➢ 𝟏𝟎 𝟐
•𝟐• 𝒂 • 𝒃 𝟐
(step #1), the
highest value of
1) Factor the
radicand such
the exponent of that one of the

➢ 10 • 𝑏 2 • 𝑎 the radicand
must be the
factors is a
perfect nth root.
same with the 2) Extract the nth

➢10𝑏 2𝑎
index so that it root.
would be easier 3) Multiply the root
to extract. obtained and non
perfect nth root.
 3 • To simplify radicals
Example 3: 54𝑥 5 𝑦𝑧 4 Note/Tip:
In factoring by reducing the
radicand,
➢ 3
𝟑 𝟑
•𝟐• 𝒙 𝟑 𝟐 𝟑
•𝒙 •𝒚 • 𝒛 •𝒛
(step #1), the
highest value
1) Factor the
radicand such
of the
that one of the
exponent of
➢ 3•𝑥•𝑧 2• 𝑥 2 •𝑦•𝑧 the radicand
factors is a
perfect nth root.
must be the
2) Extract the nth
same with the

➢3𝑥𝑧 2 root.
2𝑥 𝑦𝑧 index so that
it would be
easier to
3) Multiply the root
obtained and non
perfect nth root.
extract.
Review
Transform the following in exponential form.
4 3
1. 𝑥
4 3
2. (16𝑥)
𝑛 𝑚
3. 20
3
4. 64
5
5. 32𝑎
Simplify the following rational expression.

𝟒
1. 𝟗
𝟖
2. 𝟏𝟔
𝟔 𝟒 𝟒
3. 𝟐𝟓𝒙 𝒚
 Lesson 5
Simplify radicals
by reducing the
index to the lowest
possible order.
 W
To simplify radicals reducing the index to Le
the lowest possible order,
1)Express the radicand into exponential form.
2)Express the radical into fractional
exponents.
3)Reduce the exponents into lowest form.
4)Express fractional exponents into radicals.
 To simplify radicals EXAMPLE
reducing the index 𝟒 𝟖 𝟔 𝟒 𝟒
to the lowest 1. 𝟗 2. 𝟏𝟔 3. 𝟐𝟓𝒙 𝒚
possible order,
1) Express the
𝟖
radicand into
𝟒)𝟐𝒙 𝒙𝟏𝟐 5)
exponential form.
2) Express the radical
into fractional
exponents. 𝟒
3) Reduce the 𝟒𝒂 𝟐
exponents into
lowest form.
4) Express fractional 𝟔
exponents into 6) 𝟖𝟏
radicals.
 W
To simplify radicals reducing the index to Le
the lowest possible order,
1)Express the radicand into exponential form.
2)Express the radical into fractional
exponents.
3)Reduce the exponents into lowest form.
4)Express fractional exponents into radicals.
 ACTIVITY: Simplify the following by reducing the index.
4 4
1. 25 6. 64
4 4 2
2. 49 7. 25𝑎
6 6 3
3. 27 8. 125𝑥
6 2 4
4. 16 9. 36𝑥 𝑦
4 6 4
5. 4 10. 64𝑚
 QUIZ #9: Simplify the following by
reducing the index.
𝟒
1) 𝟒 4)
𝟒 𝟐
𝟐𝟓𝒂
𝟔
2) 𝟐𝟕 5)
𝟔
 To simplify radicals EXAMPLE 1: EXAMPLE 2: EXAMPLE 3:
reducing the index 𝟒 𝟖 𝟔 𝟒 𝟒
to the lowest
possible order,
𝟗 𝟏𝟔 𝟐𝟓𝒙 𝒚
𝟒 𝟖
1) Express the
radicand into ➢ 𝟑 𝟐 ➢ 𝟒
𝟐 ➢ 𝟔
𝟓𝟐 𝒙𝟒 𝒚𝟒
exponential form.
𝟐 𝟒 𝟐 𝟒 𝟒
2) Express the radical
into fractional
exponents.
➢𝟑 𝟒 ➢𝟐 𝟖 ➢𝟓 𝒙 𝒚 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
3) Reduce the 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐
exponents into
lowest form.
➢𝟑 𝟐 ➢𝟐 𝟐 ➢𝟓 𝒙 𝒚 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
4) Express fractional
𝟑
exponents into
radicals.
➢ 𝟑 ➢ 𝟐 ➢ 𝟓𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐