ENG 435 Computational Engineering Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD

This document provides an introduction to the course ENG 435 Computational Engineering. It discusses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and provides context on its history, applications, and importance. CFD is now widely used in engineering design where physical testing is not possible or practical. It allows for the analysis of fluid dynamics problems on computers and provides transportable results. Some key applications mentioned include aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, internal combustion engines, turbines, buildings/structures, pollution modeling, and biomedical systems. The use of CFD has revolutionized engineering analysis and is now central to the design of many systems involving fluid flow.

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ENG 435 Computational Engineering Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD

Uploaded by

Trevor Ling

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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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ENG 435 Computational Engineering

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

Lecture 1: Introduction

utas.edu.au
Outline

➢Why CFD?

➢History of CFD

➢Impact and applications of CFD

School of Engineering
Why CFD?

Unfortunately, appropriate ground test facilities (e.g. wind tunnels) do not

exist in all experimental tests and studies.

For example, we have no wind tunnels that can simultaneously simulate

the higher Mach numbers and high flow field temperatures to be
encountered by transatmospheric vehicles.

Hence, the major player in the design of such activities is computational

fluid dynamics.

School of Engineering
Why CFD?

❑ Computational fluid dynamic results are directly analogous to the

experimental (e.g. wind tunnel or open channel) results obtained in a
laboratory.
❑ They both represent sets of data for given flow configurations at different
parameters (e.g. Mach numbers, Reynolds numbers, etc.)
❑ However, unlike experimental facilities, which is generally heavy, unwieldy
device, a computer program is something you can carry around or access
remotely.
❑ A computer program is, therefore, a readily transportable tool, a
“transportable experimental facility.”

School of Engineering
Why CFD?

CFD is today an equal partner with pure theory and pure experiment in the
analysis and solution of fluid dynamic problems. Therefore, by studying CFD
today, you are participating in an awesome and historic revolution.

School of Engineering
History of CFD?

❑ In 1950, there was no CFD in the way that we think of it today. In 1970, there was
CFD, but the type of computers and algorithms that existed at that time limited all
practical solutions essentially to two-dimensional flows.

❑ The real world of fluid dynamic machines-compressors, turbines, flow ducts,

aeroplanes, etc.-is mainly a three-dimensional world.

❑ In 1970, the storage and speed capacity of digital computers were not sufficient to
allow CFD to operate in any practical fashion in this three-dimensional world.

School of Engineering
Impact and applications of CFD
CFD is very powerful and spans a wide range of industrial and non-industrial application areas.
➢ Aerodynamics of aircraft and vehicles: lift and drag

School of Engineering
Impact and applications of CFD
➢ Hydrodynamics of ships

Design of boats with CFD in Ansys - Fluent

School of Engineering
Impact and applications of CFD
➢ Internal combustion engines and gas

This FLOW-3D CFD analysis is of a cylinder and two-valve configuration to a four-stroke engine. The simulation shows velocity patterns
(left) and pressures right.

School of Engineering
Impact and applications of CFD
➢ Turbines

Pelton turbine CFD simulation - with FLOW-3D

School of Engineering
Impact and applications of CFD
➢ Electrical and electronic engineering: cooling of equipment including microcircuits