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P182 List of Equations

The document summarizes key concepts in solving the Schrödinger equation in spherical coordinates: 1. The Schrödinger equation separates into radial and angular equations. The radial equation depends on the potential energy and angular momentum quantum number l. 2. The angular equation solutions are spherical harmonics involving associated Legendre polynomials and the azimuthal quantum number m. 3. The radial solution is a linear combination of spherical Bessel and Neumann functions depending on the radial quantum number n. 4. Wavefunctions are expressed as a product of the radial and angular solutions, involving quantum numbers n, l, and m.

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32 views4 pages

P182 List of Equations

The document summarizes key concepts in solving the Schrödinger equation in spherical coordinates: 1. The Schrödinger equation separates into radial and angular equations. The radial equation depends on the potential energy and angular momentum quantum number l. 2. The angular equation solutions are spherical harmonics involving associated Legendre polynomials and the azimuthal quantum number m. 3. The radial solution is a linear combination of spherical Bessel and Neumann functions depending on the radial quantum number n. 4. Wavefunctions are expressed as a product of the radial and angular solutions, involving quantum numbers n, l, and m.

Uploaded by

Romesor Apol
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© © All Rights Reserved
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LECTURE 1

S.E in Spherical Coordinates

2m r ∂r
2 [ ( )
−ℏ2 1 ∂ 2 ∂
r + 2
1 ∂
∂ r r sin θ ∂ θ
sin θ
∂ 1
+ 2 2
∂
∂θ r sin θ ∂ ϕ (
ψ +Vψ=Eψ ) ]
Radial Equation

( )
2
1 d 2 dR 2 mr
r − 2 [ V ( r ) −E ] =l ( l+ 1 )
R dr dr ℏ
Angular Equation

1 1 ∂
[
Y sin θ ∂ θ
sin θ
∂Y
+ 2 (
1 ∂2 Y
∂ θ sin θ ∂ ϕ 2
=−l(l+1)) ]
( )
2
∂ ∂Y ∂ Y 2
sin θ sin θ + =−l ( l+1 ) sin θ Y (4.18)
∂θ ∂θ ∂ϕ

Azimuthal Solution
imϕ
Φ ( ϕ ) =e , m=0 , ± 1, ± 2 ,± 3 , …−magnetic quantum number
Polar Solution – Associated Legendre Function
m
Pl ¿
Note:

1. lth legendre polynomial


|m|
d |m|
P ( x )=( 1−x )
m 2 2
l P l ( x ) (4.27 )
dx
2. Rodriguez Formula

( )
l
1 d ( 2 )l
Pl ( x )= l
x −l (4.28)
2 l! dx
Spherical Harmonics

Y ( θ , ϕ )=Θ ( θ ) Φ ( ϕ )= A Pl ( cos θ ) e ,|m|> l


m imϕ

Y ml ( θ , ϕ )=ϵ
√ (2l+1) ( l−|m|) ! imϕ m
4 π ( l+|m|) !
e Pl cos (θ)(4.32)
LECTURE 2

Radial Solution

u ( r )=rR ( r ) →u ( r ) =Ar j l ( kr ) + Br nl (kr )

Bessen Function

( )
l
l 1 d sin x
j l ( x )=(−x )
x dx x
Neumann Function

( )
l
l 1 d cos x
nl ( x )=−(−x )
x dx x
LECTURE 3

LECTURE 4

n= j max + l+1 → j max =n−l−1


2 l +1
u ( ρ )=Ln −l −1 ( 2 ρ )
Associated Legendre Polynomial

( )
ρ
ρ ρ d
Lq− ρ ( x )= (−1 ) Lq ( x)
dx
qth Legndre Polynomial

( )
q
x d −x q
Lq ( x )=e (e x )
dx

√(
−r

) ( ) ( )
3 l
2 n−l−1 2 r 3 l+1 2r m
ψ n ,l , m ( r ,θ , ϕ )= e na L Y (θ , ϕ )
na 2 n [ ( n+l ) ! ] 3
na n−l−1 na l
LECTURE 5

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