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IT314 Week2 Lecture1+2

The document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence (AI), including a brief history and overview. It discusses: - The definition of AI as making machines that can think and act intelligently like humans. - Key developments in AI's history from Alan Turing's 1950 paper on machine intelligence to modern applications like IBM's Watson beating human champions on Jeopardy in 2011. - The goal of AI is to build intelligent systems that can behave, think, and work like humans by adopting human behaviors, reasoning, learning, problem-solving and language skills.

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Muhammad Rahman Bangash
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41 views11 pages

IT314 Week2 Lecture1+2

The document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence (AI), including a brief history and overview. It discusses: - The definition of AI as making machines that can think and act intelligently like humans. - Key developments in AI's history from Alan Turing's 1950 paper on machine intelligence to modern applications like IBM's Watson beating human champions on Jeopardy in 2011. - The goal of AI is to build intelligent systems that can behave, think, and work like humans by adopting human behaviors, reasoning, learning, problem-solving and language skills.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Rahman Bangash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Artificial Intelligence(AI)

Week -2
Credit Hours: 3 - 1
BS Software Engineering/ Computer Science
Engr. Hasib Shamshad
Lecture 1 &2 : AI – A brief introduction ,History of AI
AI Applications , Components of AI
Department of Computer Science & IT
Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology,
Peshawar
What is Intelligence?
The ability to learn and understand , to solve problems and
to make decisions
What is Artificial Intelligence?
The science and engineering of making intelligent machines.
 It can also be defined as : AI is the development of computer systems that are
capable of performing tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as
decision making, object detection, solving complex problems and so on.
Artificial Intelligence is “making a machine that mimic human behavior”.
A brief History of AI
 The evolution started from World War 2 when the first computer invented. Its first
objective was to break the German Communication. “Alan Turing” a computer
scientist contributed a major role to build this computer.
 In 1950, in a conference Alan Turing published a paper and it’s title was “Can
Machine Think?”
 Alan Turing proposed the Turing test which basically determines whether or not a
computer can intelligently think like a human beings. It was the first serious proposal
in the philosophy of Artificial intelligence.
 1951 – Game AI
 Christopher Strachey wrote a checkers program
 Dietrich wrote program for chess
 1956 – The birth of AI
 The term “Artificial Intelligence” was first coined by John McCarthy in 1956 when he
held the first academic conference on the subject.
A brief History of AI (cont.)
1959 - First AI Laboratory
MIT AI Lab was first set up in 1959. The research on AI began.
1960 – General Motors Robot
First robot was introduced to General Motors assembly line
1961 – First Chatbot
The first AI chatbot called ELIZA was introduced
1997 – IBM Deep Blue
IBM’s Deep Blue beats the world champion Garry Kasparov in the game of chess
A brief History of AI (cont..)
2005 – DARPA Grand Challenge
 Stanford Racing Team made an autonomous robotic car, Stanley wins the 2005 DARPA Grand
Challenge
2011 – IBM Watson
IBM’s question answering system named “Watson” defeated the two greatest jeopardy!
Champions, Brad Rutter and Ken jennings.
Themes of AI
The main advances over the past sixty years have been
advances in Searching Algorithms, Machine Learning
Algorithms and Integrating Statistical Analysis into
understanding the world at large.
What we want?
We want to make such a machine that
 Behave like human
 Think like human
 Work like human
In short, we want to make an intelligent system
Because, our whole future is based on intelligent machine.
AI Applications
1. Google Assistant and Siri:
2. Smart Car- Tesla
3. YouTube watch Recommendations
4. Computer Vision
5. Face Recognition
6. Image Processing
7. Virtual Reality
and Many more.
Thought Question
What are inside Human Behavior that a machine should
adopt?
Basic components of AI
Reasoning
Learning
Problem Solving
Perception
Language-understanding

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