Scribd
Upload
21 views

Httpss3.Us East 1.amazonaws - Comdocuments.scribd - Comdocs3fvpsvynb469g91s.pdfresponse Content Disposition Attachment3B20f

An automatic transmission performs the same functions as a manual transmission but shifts gears automatically using internal components like planetary gearsets, clutches, bands, and servos controlled by fluid pressure or computers. It consists of a torque converter, valve body, transmission case and gears that allow it to select different gear ratios automatically based on engine speed and load to optimize power and efficiency.

Uploaded by

p.elpop56
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Httpss3.Us East 1.amazonaws - Comdocuments.scribd - Comdocs3fvpsvynb469g91s.pdfresponse Content Disposition Attachment3B20f

An automatic transmission performs the same functions as a manual transmission but shifts gears automatically using internal components like planetary gearsets, clutches, bands, and servos controlled by fluid pressure or computers. It consists of a torque converter, valve body, transmission case and gears that allow it to select different gear ratios automatically based on engine speed and load to optimize power and efficiency.

Uploaded by

p.elpop56
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 51

Automatic

Transmission
• Performs the same functions as a
manual transmission, but it “shifts
gears” automatically
• Senses engine speed and load to
determine shift points
• Uses internal oil pressure to shift gears
• Computers are often used to control
shift points
Components
• torque converter • pistons and
• input shaft servos
• oil pump • planetary
• valve body gearsets
• bands and
clutches
• output shaft
Transmission Housings and Case
Torque Converter
• A Auid clutch
• Provides a means of coupling and uncoupling
the engine from the transmission
• A torque converter consists of four basic parts:
– outer housing
– impeller or pump
– turbine
– stator
Torque Converter
Construction
The torque converter serves as a Aywheel to
smooth power pulses
Impeller

• Driven by the engine


• Integral part of the housing
• Produces oil movement within the
converter
Turbine
• Driven by the impeller
• Splined to the transmission input shaft
• Fits in the front of the housing
• Oil is the only connection between the
impeller and the turbine
Stator
• Improves oil circulation
• Increases eHciency and torque by
directing the oil Aow toward the
Impellor
• Located between the impeller and
the turbine, mounted on a one-way
clutch
Torque Converter Operation
(Acceleration)

• The impeller spins faster


• More oil is thrown out of the
impeller by centrifugal force
• The turbine begins to turn, moving
the vehicle with some slippage
• At cruising speeds, the impeller
and turbine spin at almost the
same speed, with very little
slippage
Lockup Torque Converter

• Has an internal friction clutch


mechanism that locks the impeller
to the turbine, eliminating slippage
• Improves fuel economy
• Usually released in lower gears,
allowing slippage and torque
multiplication
Lockup Torque Converter

The pressure plate can be used to lock


the turbine to the converter housing,
eliminating slippage
Planetary Gears
• A planetary gearset consists of the
following components:

• The gears are


always in mesh
Planetary Gear Drive
Conditions
• By holding or releasing the
components, it is possible to:
– reduce the output speed and increase the torque
– increase the output speed while lowering the torque
– reverse the output rotation
– provide direct drive
– freewheel (neutral)
Planetary Reduction

• Hold the sun gear


(stop it)
• Drive the ring gear
• The planet carrier is
the output member
• Gear reduction can
also be produced by
turning the sun gear
and holding the ring
gear
Planetary Overdrive
• Drive the carrier
• Hold the ring gear
• The sun gear is the
output member
OR
• Drive the carrier
• Hold the sun gear
• The ring gear is the
output member
Planetary Reverse
• Drive the sun gear
• Hold the carrier
• The ring gear is the output
member
Planetary Direct Drive
• The gear set acts as a solid unit
• Two members are driven
• The input and output members
turn at the same speed
Planetary Neutral
• None of the members are held
• No power transfer occurs
• Used in neutral or park
Clutches and Bands

Friction devices that drive or lock


planetary gearset members
Multiple Disc Clutches
• Several clutch discs are used to couple
planetary gearset members
• Components:
Clutch Operation

Released Applied
Bands
• Friction devices for
holding members of the
planetary gear sets
• Made of a steel strap
with a lining of friction
material on its inner
surface
• Clamped around the
clutch drum to stop
drum rotation
• A band adjustment
screw provides a means
of adjusting the band-
to-drum clearance
Servos
• Apply pistons that
operate the bands
• A servo piston is a
metal plunger that
operates in the
transmission case
• Rubber seals
prevent oil
leakage
Parking
pawl

Locks the transmission output shaft


Keeps the car from rolling in park
Automatic Transmission
Power Flow
PowerAow varies depending on
design and the number of forward
gear ranges
Power Flow (3 Speed)

Parts relating to power Aow


Power Flow (3 Speed)
Power Flow (3 Speed)
Power Flow (3 Speed)
Power Flow (3 Speed)
Power Flow (3 Speed)
Overdrive Power Flow
• A transmission may have two input
shafts
– turbine shaft
– direct input shaft

You might also like