NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-

Conic Sections

Exercise Page No: 202

Short Answer type:
1. Find the equation of the circle which touches the both axes in first quadrant and
whose radius is a.

Solution:
The circle touches both the x and y axes in the first quadrant and the radius is a.

For a circle of radius a, the centre is (a, a).

The equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
Therefore, the equation of the circle becomes (x – a)2 + (y – a)2 = a2
x2 - 2ax + a2 + y2 - 2ay + a2 - a2 = 0
x2 - 2ax + y2 - 2ay + a2 = 0

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

3. If a circle passes through the point (0, 0) (a, 0), (0, b) then find the coordinates of its
centre.

Solution:
The equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

Putting the values of given co-ordinates in the above expression,

(0, 0)
(0 – h)2 + (0 – k)2 = r2
h2 + k2 = r2
(a, 0)
(a – h)2 + (0 – k)2 = r2
a2 + h2 - 2ah + k2 = r2 ------ (1)
(0, b)
(0 – h)2 + (b – k)2 = r2
h2 + b2 + k2 - 2bk = r2 ------- (2)
On solving equations (1) & (2), respectively,
a (a – 2h) = 0
b (b – 2k) = 0
So, a = 0 or 2h
b = 0 or 2k respectively.
Since the circle passes through the centre (0, 0), so the co-ordinates are
a = 2h, h = a/2
b = 2k, k = b/2
The co-ordinates of the centre are (a/2, b/2)

4. Find the equation of the circle which touches x-axis and whose centre is (1, 2).

Solution:
Since the circle has a centre (1, 2) and also touches x-axis.
Radius of the circle is, r = 2
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

The equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
So, the equation of the required circle is:
(x – 1)2 + (y – 2)2 = 22
⇒x2 - 2x + 1 + y2 - 4y + 4 = 4
⇒ x2 + y2 – 2x - 4y + 1 = 0
The equation of the circle is x2 + y2 – 2x - 4y + 1 = 0.

5. If the lines 3x – 4y + 4 = 0 and 6x – 8y – 7 = 0 are tangents to a circle, then find the

radius of the circle.

Solution:

6. Find the equation of a circle which touches both the axes and the line 3x – 4y + 8 = 0
and lies in the third quadrant.

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

The equation of the given circle is x2 + y2 + 4x + 4y + 4 = 0.

7. If one end of a diameter of the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 11 = 0 is (3, 4), then find the
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

coordinate of the other end of the diameter.

Solution:
Given equation of the circle,
x2 - 4x + y2 - 6y + 11 = 0
x2 - 4x + 4 + y2 - 6y + 9 +11 – 13 = 0
the above equation can be written as
x2 – 2 (2) x + 22 + y2 – 2 (3) y + 32 +11 – 13 = 0
on simplifying we get
(x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 2
(x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = (√2)2
Since, the equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
We have centre = (2, 3)
The centre point is the mid-point of the two ends of the diameter of a circle.
Let the points be (p, q)
(p + 3)/2 = 2 and (q + 4)/2 = 3
p+3=4&q+4=6
p=1&q=2
Hence, the other ends of the diameter are (1, 2).

8. Find the equation of the circle having (1, –2) as its centre and passing through 3x + y
= 14, 2x + 5y = 18

Solution:
Solving the given equations,
3x + y = 14 ……….1
2x + 5y = 18 …………..2
Multiplying the first equation by 5, we get
15x + 5y = 70…….3
2x + 5y = 18……..4
Subtract equation 4 from 3 we get
13 x = 52,
Therefore x = 4
Substituting x = 4, in equation 1, we get
3 (4) + y = 14
y = 14 – 12 = 2
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

So, the point of intersection is (4, 2)

Since, the equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
Putting the values of (4, 2) and centre co-ordinates (1,-2) in the above expression, we
get
(4 – 1)2 + (2 – (-2))2 = r2
32 + 42 = r2
r2 = 9 + 16 = 25
r = 5 units
So, the expression is
(x – 1)2 + (y – (-2))2 = 52
Expanding the above equation we get
x2 - 2x + 1 + (y + 2)2 = 25
x2 - 2x + 1 + y2 + 4y + 4 = 25
x2 - 2x + y2 + 4y – 20 = 0
Hence the required expression is x2 - 2x + y2 + 4y – 20 = 0.

9. If the line y = √3x + k touches the circle x2 + y2 = 16, then find the value of k.

Solution:

Hence, the required value of k is 8.

10. Find the equation of a circle concentric with the circle x2 + y2 – 6x + 12y + 15 = 0
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

and has double of its area.

Solution:
Given equation of the circle is
x2 - 6x + y2 + 12y + 15 = 0
The above equation can be written as
x2 – 2 (3) x + 32 + y2 + 2 (6) y + 62 + 15 – 9 + 36 = 0
(x – 3)2 + (y-(-6))2 - 30 = 0
(x – 3)2 + (y-(-6))2 = (√30)2
Since, the equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
Centre = (3,-6)
Area of inner circle = πr2 = 22/7 × 30 = 30 π units square
Area of outer circle = 2 × 30 π = 60 π units square
So, πr2 = 60 π
r2 = 60
Equation of outer circle is,
(x – 3)2 + (y - (-6))2 = (√60)2
x2 - 6x + 9 + y2 - 12 y + 36 = 60
x2 - 6x + y2 +12y +45 – 60 = 0
x2 - 6x + y2 + 12y – 15 = 0
Hence, the required equation of the circle is x2 - 6x + y2 + 12y – 15 = 0.

11. If the latus rectum of an ellipse is equal to half of minor axis, then find its
eccentricity.

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

12. Given the ellipse with equation 9x2 + 25y2 = 225, find the eccentricity and foci.

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

13. If the eccentricity of an ellipse is 5/8 and the distance between its foci is 10, then
find latus rectum of the ellipse.

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

14. Find the equation of ellipse whose eccentricity is 2/3 , latus rectum is 5 and the
centre is (0, 0).

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

15. Find the distance between the directrices of the ellipse x2/36 + y2/20 = 1

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

16. Find the coordinates of a point on the parabola y2 = 8x whose focal distance is 4.

Solution:
We know that equation of an ellipse is y2 = 4ax,
Also we have length of latus rectum = 4a
Now by comparing the above two equations,
4a = 8
Therefore
a=2
y2 = 8 × 2 = 16
y = ± 4 and x = 2
Hence the co - ordinates are (2, 4) and (2, -4).

17. Find the length of the line-segment joining the vertex of the parabola y2 = 4axand
a point on the parabola where the line-segment makes an angle q to the x-axis.

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

18. If the points (0, 4) and (0, 2) are respectively the vertex and focus of a parabola,
then find the equation of the parabola.

Solution:
Given
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

19. If the line y = mx + 1 is tangent to the parabola y2 = 4x then find the value of m.

Solution:
Given equations are,
y = mx + 1 & y2 = 4x
By solving given equations we get
(mx + 1)2 = 4x
Expanding the above equation we get
m2x2 + 2mx + 1 = 4x
On rearranging we get
m2x2 + 2mx – 4x + 1 = 0
m+x2 + x (2m – 4) + 1 = 0
As the line touches the parabola, above equation must have equal roots,
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

Discriminant (D) = 0
(2m – 4)2 - 4 (m2) (1) = 0
4m2 - 16m + 16 – 4m2 = 0
-16 m + 16 = 0
-m+1=0
m=1
Hence, the required value of m is 1.

20. If the distance between the foci of a hyperbola is 16 and its eccentricity is √2, then
obtain the equation of the hyperbola.

Solution:

21. Find the eccentricity of the hyperbola 9y2 – 4x2 = 36.

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

22. Find the equation of the hyperbola with eccentricity 3/2 and foci at (± 2, 0).

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

Long Answer type:

23. If the lines 2x – 3y = 5 and 3x – 4y = 7 are the diameters of a circle of area

154square units, then obtain the equation of the circle.

Solution:
Since, diameters of a circle intersect at the centre of a circle,
2x – 3y = 5 ………1
3x – 4y = 7 ………..2
Solving the above equations,
Multiplying equation 1 by 3 we get
6x – 9y = 15
Multiplying equation 2 by 2 we get
6x – 8y = 14
y=1
y = -1
Putting y = -1, in equation 1, we get
2x – 3(-1) = 5
2x + 3 = 5
2x = 2
x=1
Coordinates of centre = (1,-1)
Given area = 154
Area = πr2 = 154
22/7 × r2 = 154
r2 = 154 × 7/22
r = 7 units
Since, the equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(x – 1)2 + (y – (-1))2 = 72
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

x2 - 2x +1 + (y + 1)2 = 49
x2 - 2x + 1 + y2 + 2y + 1 – 49 = 0
x2 - 2x + y2 + 2y – 47 = 0
Hence the required equation of the given circle is x2 - 2x + y2 + 2y – 47 = 0.

24. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the points (2, 3) and (4, 5) and
the centre lies on the straight line y – 4x + 3 = 0.

Solution:
Since, the equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2………..1
Substituting (2, 3) & (4, 5) in the above equation, we get
(2 – h)2 + (3 – k)2 = r2
4 – 4h + h2 + 9 + k2 - 6k = r2
h2 - 4h + k2 - 6k + 13 = r2 …………..2
(4 – h)2 + (5 – k)2 = r2
16 – 8h + h2 + 25 + k2 - 10k = r2
h2 - 8h + k2 - 10k + 41 = r2 ………..3
Equating both the equations 2 & 3, as their RHS are equal, we get
h2 - 4h + k2 - 6k + 13 = h2 - 8h + k2 - 10k + 41
On simplifying we get
8h - 4h + 10k – 6k = 41 – 13
4h + 4k = 28
h + k = 7 ………..4
As centre lies on the given line, so it satisfies the values too,
k – 4h + 3 = 0…………5
Solving equations 3 and 4 simultaneously,
h+k=7
-4h + k = -3
Subtracting both the equations, we get
5h = 10
h=2
2+k=7
k=5
Putting h = 2 & k = 5 in equation 2,
h2 - 4h + k2 - 6k + 13 = r2
22 - 4(2) + 52 - 6(5) + 13 = r2
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

4 – 8 + 25 – 30 + 13 = r2
r2 = 4
r = 2 units
Putting the values of h = 2, k = 5 & r = 2, respectively in equation 1,
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(x – 2)2 + (y – 5)2 = 22
x2 - 4x + 4 + y2 - 10y + 25 = 4
x2 - 4x + y2 - 10y + 25 =0
Hence, the required equation is x2 - 4x + y2 - 10y + 25 = 0.

25. Find the equation of a circle whose centre is (3, –1) and which cuts off a chord of
length 6 units on the line 2x – 5y + 18 = 0.

Solution:
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

Using Pythagoras Theorem,

(Hypotenuse)2 = (Base)2 + (Perpendicular)2
= (3)2 + (√29)2 = 29 + 9
= √38
Hypotenuse = √38 units (radius)
Since, the radius bisects the chord into two equal halves,
Since, the equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(x – 3)2 + (y – (-1))2 = (√38)2
x2 - 6x + 9 + (y + 1)2 = 38
x2 - 6x + y2 + 2y + 1 + 9- 38 = 0
x2 - 6x + y2 + 2y – 28 = 0
Hence, the required equation of the circle is x2 - 6x + y2 + 2y – 28 = 0.

26. Find the equation of a circle of radius 5 which is touching another circle x2 + y2 – 2x
– 4y – 20 = 0 at (5, 5).
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

Solution:
Given x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y – 20 = 0
x2 - 2x + 1 +y2 - 4y + 4 – 20 – 5 = 0
(x – 1)2 + (y – 2)2 = 25
(x – 1)2 + (y – 2)2 = 52
Since, the equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
Centre = (1, 2)
Point of Intersection = (5, 5)
It intersects the line into 1: 1, as the radius of both the circles is 5 units.
Using Ratio Formula,

p + 1 = 10, q + 2 = 10
p=9&q=8
Co-ordinates = (9, 8)
Therefore the equation is,
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(x – 9)2 + (y – 8)2 = 52
x2 - 18x + 81 + y2 - 16y + 64 = 25
x2 - 18x + y2 - 16y + 145 – 25 = 0
x2 - 18x + y2 - 16y + 120 = 0
Hence, the required equation is x2 - 18x + y2 - 16y + 120 = 0.

27. Find the equation of a circle passing through the point (7, 3) having radius 3 units
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

and whose centre lies on the line y = x – 1.

Solution:
Since, the equation of a circle having centre (h, k), having radius as r units, is
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2Centre lies on the line i.e., y = x – 1,
Co – Ordinates are (h, k) = (h, h – 1)
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(7 – h)2 + (3 – (h – 1))2 = 32
49 + h2 - 14h + (3 – h +1)2 = 9
On rearranging we get
h2 - 14h + 49 +16 +h2 - 8h – 9 = 0
2h2 - 22h + 56 = 0
h2 - 11h + 28 = 0
h2 - 4h – 7h + 28 = 0
h (h – 4) – 7 (h – 4) = 0
(h – 7) (h – 4) = 0
h = 7 or 4
Centre = (7, 6) or (4, 3)
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
Equation, having centre (7, 6)
(x – 7)2 + (y – 6)2 = 32
x2 - 14x + 49 + y2 - 12y + 36 – 9 = 0
x2 - 14x + y2 - 12y + 76 = 0
Equation, having centre (4, 3)
(x – 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 32
x2 - 8x + 16 + y2 - 6y + 9 – 9 = 0
x2 - 8x + y2 - 6y + 16 = 0
Hence, the required equation is x2 - 14x + y2 - 12y + 76 = 0 or x2 - 8x + y2 - 6y + 16 = 0.

28. Find the equation of each of the following parabolas

(a) Directrix x = 0, focus at (6, 0)
(b) Vertex at (0, 4), focus at (0, 2)
(c) Focus at (–1, –2), directrix x – 2y + 3 = 0

Solution:
(a) The distance of any point on the parabola from its focus and its directrix is same.
Given that, directrix, x = 0 and focus = (6, 0)
 NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections

If a parabola has a vertical axis, the standard form of the equation of the parabola is (x -
h)2 = 4p (y - k), where p≠ 0.
The vertex of this parabola is at (h, k).
The focus is at (h, k + p) & the directrix is the line y = k - p.
As the focus lies on x – axis,
Therefore the equation is y2 = 4ax or y2 = -4ax
So, for any point P(x, y) on the parabola
Distance of point from directrix = Distance of point from focus
x2 = (x – 6)2 + y2
x2 = x2 - 12x + 36 + y2
y2 - 12x + 36 = 0
Hence the required equation is y2 - 12x + 36 = 0.
NCERT Exemplar Solutions For Class 11 Maths Chapter 11-
Conic Sections