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Acceptale Strength of Concrete

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Neil Agshikar
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49 views6 pages

Acceptale Strength of Concrete

Uploaded by

Neil Agshikar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA OF CONCRETE

Being a design office engineer, have very limited hold on concrete technology matters
and answer from my end is only from codal provision/CPWD specification vol -1

As per IS 456 :2000 (table 11 duly corrected by Amendment No3 of 2007)


For concrete grade M20 and above

(i) Mean of the group of four Non-overlapping consecutive test results


shall be greater than or equals=(Fck +0.825*SD) OR (Fck+3 N/mm2)
whichever greater

(ii) Also individual test result


shall be greater than or equals= (Fck - 3 N/mm2)

In my opinion:
The actual mean of four samples say = M
M lies between 25N/mm2 and 28N/mm2 as per your post
Also Individual result is more than 25 N/mm2

The concrete can be accepted with slightly reduced strength Fck = M - 3 N/mm2
with concurrence of Engineer in charge /design office/design consultant.The
contractor shall be paid reduced rates for this concrete based on reduced
strength (compared with required Fck+3)

Rate payable as per clause 5.4.13.2 of CPWD specifications vol -1

As per CPWD specifications


Please refer CPWD specifications clause 5.4.10.4 (d) in this context.

If actual average is less than specified strength but not less than 70% of specified
strength , the concrete may be accepted at reduced rate at discretion of
engineer -in-charge

I think specified strength in above para may be considered as Fck+3 N/mm2

The specification of subject work may be seen and in absence, CPWD specifications
can be followed with its latest version.
CONCRETE STRENGTH ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA IS:456-2000

Strength of concrete is commonly considered its most valuable property, although in


many practical cases, other characteristics, such as durability and permeability, may
in fact be more important. However, the strength of concrete is almost invariably a
vital element of structural design and is specified for compliance purposes.
Table 1 : Frequency (IS: 456-2000 clause 15.2.2)

The minimum frequency of sampling of concrete of each grade shall be in accordance


with the following:

Quantity of concrete in the work, m3 Number of samples


1–5 1
6 – 15 2
16 – 30 3
31 – 50 4
4 plus one additional sample for each
51 and above
additional 50 m3 or part thereof
NOTE: At least one sample shall be taken from each shift where concrete is produced at
continuous production unit, such as ready-mixed concrete plant, frequency of sampling
may be agreed upon mutually by suppliers and purchasers.

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
(A) Compressive strength
The concrete shall be deemed to comply with the strength requirement when both
the following conditions are met:
a) The mean strength determined from any group of four non-overlapping consecutive
test results, complies with the appropriate limits col. 2 of Table 2.
b) Any individual test result complies with the appropriate limits in col. 3 Table 2.

(B) Flexural strength


When both the following conditions are met, the concrete complies with the specified
flexural strength.

a)The mean strength determine from any group of four consecutive test results
exceed the specified characteristic strength by at least 0.3 N/mm2

b) The strength determined from any test result is not less than specified
characteristic strength less 0.3 N/mm2
The quantity of concrete represented by a group of four consecutive test results shall
include the batches from which the first and last samples were taken together with
all intervening batches.
Three test specimens shall be made for each sample for testing at 28 days. Additional
specimens may be required for 7 days strength. In all the cases 28 days strength shall
alone be the criterion for acceptance or rejection of the concrete.
The test results of the sample shall be the average of the strength of three
specimens. The individual variation should not be more than +15 percent of the
average. If more, the test results of the sample are invalid.

Table 2 : Characteristic compressive strength compliance requirement


IS: 456-2000 with amendments Table 11 (Clause 16.1 and 16.3)

Mean of Group of 4 Non- Individual Test Results in


Specified Grade Overlapping Consecutive test N/mm2
results in N/mm2 Minimum Minimum
(1) (2) (3)

fck + 0.825 X established


Standard deviation (round off
to nearest 0.5 N/mm2
M15 and above fck – 3 N/mm2
or

fck + 3 N/mm2 whichever is


greater

NOTE 1: In the absence of established value of standard deviation, the values given in Table 8
(IS: 456-2000) may be assumed, and attempt should be made to obtained results of 30
samples as early as possible to establish the value of standard deviation.

NOTE 2: For concrete quantity up to 30 m3 (where the number of samples to be taken is less
than four) as per frequency of sampling given in 15.2.2, the mean of test results of all such
samples shall be fck + 4 N/mm2, minimum and the requirement of minimum individual test
results shall be fck – 2 N/mm2, minimum. However, when the number of samples is only one as
per 15.2.2, the requirement shall be fck + 4 N/mm2, minimum.
(Values of column 2 and 3 are equal to or more than)
The acceptance criteria is best illustrated by the following examples:
Grade of concrete : M25
Laboratory design mean target strength for
good quality control: 25 + (1.65 x 4)= 31.6 N/mm2 at 28 days age
In all the case average of three 150 mm cubes shall be taken.

Table 3: Site concrete acceptance.

In one shifts 4 m3 foundation concrete was done.

Cube test Average fav 0.85 fav 1.15 fav


Shift Acceptance 25+4 = 29 N/mm2(Min)
results N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2

Rejected due to:

a) Minimum strength of 29
N/mm2 not achieved
1. 19, 26, 16 20.3 17.3 23.3
b) Variation in strength cubes 26
and 16 are out of range +/-15% of
average

NOTE: Due to doubtful concrete the work was stop. Concrete was tested by rebound
hammer and drilled cores. From test results the foundation concrete found to be of M25
grade.

The work was started only when new cube moulds, properly calibrated compression testing
machine was purchased and laboratory staff was trained in all the site testing work.
Table 4: Site concrete acceptance. In 3 shifts 27 m 3 foundation concrete was
done.

Acceptance fck + 4 N/mm2 25+4 = 29


Min
Cube test Average fav 0.85 fav 1.15 fav
Shift Individual
results N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
fck – 2 N/mm2
25 – 2 = 23 N/mm2(Min)
1. 33, 29, 32 31.3 26.6 36.0 Av = 31.3
2. 24, 32, 28 28.0 23.8 32.2 Av = 28.0
3. 25, 29, 32 28.7 24.4 33.0 Av = 28.7
Average = 29.3 N/mm2
Remarks
(1) All the cubes strength are within +15% of average
(2) From shifts 1, 2 and 3 all cubes strength are > 23 N/mm2.
(3) Average cubes strength of shift 1, 2 and 3 is 29.3 N/mm2 which is > 29 N/mm2.

Foundation concrete is accepted as M25 grade.

Table 5: Site concrete acceptance. In 6 shifts 75 m 3 roof slab concrete was done.

Acceptance 25+0.825×4 = 28.3


N/mm2
Cube test Average fav 0.85 fav 1.15 fav
Shift
results N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
Rounded of 28.0 N/mm2 Individual
25 – 3 = 22 N/mm2
1. 22, 28, 26 25.3 21.5 29.1 Av = 25.3
2. 26, 24, 28 26.0 22.1 29.9 Av = 26.0
3. 31, 35, 33 33.0 28.1 38.0 Av = 33.0
4. 32, 31, 33 32.0 27.2 36.8 Av = 32.0
5. 31, 32, 33 32.0 27.2 36.8 Av = 32.0
6. 26, 25, 24 25.0 21.3 28.0 Av = 25.0
Remarks:
(1) All the cubes strength ae within +15% of average

(2) Average of shift 1, 2, 3, 4 cubes is 29.1 N/mm2 whichis > 28.0 N/mm2.

(3) Average of shift 2, 3, 4, 5 cubes is 30.8 N/mm2 which is > 28.0 N/mm2.

(4) Average of shift 3,4, 5, 6 cubes is 30.5 N/mm2 which is > 28.0 N/mm2.

(5) All the cubes strength are > 22 N/mm2

It is concluded that the roof slab concrete comply with compressive strength requirements of
M25 grade

A sample consist of three cubes/specimens . It is better for the same concrete sample
cast more than three cubes, so that any defective cube should not be tested or any
doubt full test result due to testing may be rejected and not included in the average
of three cubes.
REFERENCES
1. IS: 456-2000 (Fourth Revision) with amendments plain and reinforced concrete –
Code of Practice, BIS, New Delhi.
2. Kishore Kaushal, “Quality Control of Construction – Testing of Concrete Cubes”,
Indian Construction, Apr. 2010 pp. 21-24.

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