SIMILARITY & CONGRUENCE

le:irk vkSj lok±xlerk

[CLASSROOM SHEET]

SIMILARITY AND CONGRUENCE tc nks vkÑfr;ksa ds lHkh dks.k (Øe esa) leku vkSj
mudh laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr leku gksrk gS rks vkÑ
le:irk vkSj lok±xlerk le:i gksrh gSA
In Geometry, two figures are said to be simi-
lar if their shape is the same. Note that this shape
could be rotated or even flipped and it would still
be fine. They would be said to be congruent if
the shape as well as the size is the same. So con-
gruence is a more stringent condition-any pair
of congruent figures is similar by definition.
T;kfefr esa nks vkÑfr;ksa dks le:i dgk tkrk gSA tc
mudh lajpuk (cukoV) leku gksrh gSA è;ku jgs fd leku
lajpuk dh nks vkÑfr;ksa dks ?kqekus ;k iyVus ij Hkh ;s le:i (The figure may not always look similar-one
jgrh gSA nks vkÑfr;ksa dks lok±xle dgk tkrk gS tc mudh should test to make sure)
lajpuk vkSj eki nksuksa leku gksrh gSA tc ,slk gksrk gS rks(vkÑfr
,d ges'kk ns[kus esa le:i ugha fn[krh gS] gesa tk¡p
vkÑfr dks nwljh vkÑfr ij vè;kjksfir djus ij igyh vkÑfr djuh iM+rh gSA)
nwljh vkÑfr dks iw.kZr% <d ysrh gSA bl izdkj lok±xlerk dhNote that, while we normally study similar-
ity and congruence for triangles, any two figures
'krZ vf/d dBksj gSA ifjHkk"kkuqlkj] lok±xle vkÑfr;ksa dk
could be tested to check for similarity and con-
;qXe le:i gksrk gSA gruence. In the case of regular figures, this is
easiest – any two regular figures with the same
B number of sides will be similar to each other.
A è;ku jgs] lkekU;r% ge le:irk vkSj lok±xlerk f=kHkqtksa
ds fy, i<+rs gSa ijarq dksbZ Hkh nks vkÑfr le:irk vkSj lok±xler
C
ds fy, tk¡p fd;s tk ldrs gSaA le vkÑfr;ksa ds fy, ;g
D vklku gksrk gSA dksbZ nks le vkÑfr ftlesa Hkqtkvksa dh l
leku gks] ,d&nwljs ds le:i gksrs gSaA
E

For example the 5 triangles shown along-

side are all similar. A, B and E are congruent (but
E is flipped), while C and D are of different sizes.
mnkgj.kLo:i 5 f=kHkqt fn[kk;s x;s gSa] lHkh le:i gSaA
A, B vkSjE lok±xle gS] tcfd C vkSjD dh eki fHk gSA
A more mathematical way of looking at simi-
larity and congruence : Two figures can be said
to be Congruent if all their corresponding sides
and angles (in order) and the same.
le:irk vkSj lok±xlerk dks ns[kus dk csgrj xf.krh;
rjhdk & tc nks vkÑfr;ksa dh lHkh laxr Hkqtkvksa ,oa dks.kksa
(Øe esa) dh eki leku gksrh gS rks vkÑfr lok±xle gksrh gSA
Two figures can be said to be similar if all
their angles (in order) are the same and all their
corresponding sides are in the same ratio.
 For example if we take two regular hexa-
gons, or two circles, or two equilateral triangles,
or two squares, or two regular pentagons, each
pair of figures will be similar withour any fur- 11k
4k
ther checking required.
mnkgj.k ds fy, ;fn ge nks le "kBHkqt ;k nks o`Ùk ;k
nks leckgq f=kHkqt ;k nks oxZ ;k nks le iapHkqt ysa rks vkÑfr;ksa
ds izR;sd ;qXe fcuk fdlh vfrfjDr tk¡p ds le:i gksrs gSaaA
Once we identify two figures as similar with TRIANGLES : CONDITIONS FOR
sides in the ratio (say) x : y, then straightaway CONGRUENCE AND SIMILARITY
all their liner dimensions will be in this same
ratio x : y. Also, their area dimensions will be in f=kHkqt % lok±xlerk vkSj le:irk dh 'krs±
the ratio x2 : y2 (remember that any area dimen-
sion is the product of two length dimensions– SSS Test
length × breadth or base × height or radius × ra- If we check the three sides of two triangles,
dius ......) then the triangles are

r
,d ckj ;fn Hkqtkvksa ds vuqikr x : y ds lkFk nks Hkqtk&Hkqtk&Hkqtk tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtks
vkÑfr le:i gks tk, rks mudh lHkh jSf[kd foek,¡ leku Hkqtkvksa dh tk¡p djs rks]

si
vuqikr x : y esa gks tkrh gS rFkk mudh {ks=kiQy x2 : yfoek
2  Congruent if three pairs of sides of the two
triangles are equal in length.
an by
ds vuqikr esa gksxhA (è;ku jgs fd {ks=kiQy foek nks yEckbZ
foekvksa dk xq.kuiQy gksrk gSA × pkSM+kbZ
yEckbZ ;k vk/kj
×
nksuksa f=kHkqtksa dh Hkqtkvksa ds rhuksa ;qXek
leku gks rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs gSaA

n
Å¡pkbZ ;k f=kT;k
× f=kT;k ;k --------)A
 Similar if the corresponding sides of two
For example if two triangles are similar with triangles have lengths in the same ratio.
ja
sides in the ratio 3 : 7 then their perimeters,
R s

circumradii, inradii, medians or altitudes from nksuksa f=kHkqtksa dh laxr Hkqtkvksa dh yEckb;ksa
leku gks rks f=kHkqt le:i gksrs gSaA
a th

corresponding vertices etc will all be in the ratio

3 : 7, while their areas will be in the ratio 9 : 49. A Q
mnkgj.k ds fy, ;fn nks f=kHkqt le:i gks vkSj mudh
Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr 3 % 7 gks rks muds ifjeki] oká f=kT;k]
ty a

R
vUr% f=kt;k] ekfè;dk] laxr 'kh"kZ ls Mkys x, yEcksa dk vuqikr
Hkh 3 % 7 gksxk tcfd muds {ks=kiQyksa dk vuqikr 9 % 49 gksxkA
di M

B C P
X

7x 7y Y
3x 3y

Z
3z ABC  PQR ~ XYZ
7z Hypotenuse Side Test
Similarity if two cones are similar with If we check the sides of two right-angled tri-
heights in the ratio 4 : 11 then their base radii, angles, then the triangles are
d.kZ&Hkqtk tk¡p % ;fn nks ledks.k f=kHkqtksa dh H
A

slant heights etc will also be in the ratio 4 : 11.

Their surface areas, base surface areas, curved dh tk¡p djsa rks
surface areas etc will be in the ratio 16 : 121 and  Congruent if the hypotenues and one pair
their volumes will be in the ratio 64 : 1331. of shorter sides are equal in length.
blh izdkj ;fn nks 'kadq mudh Å¡pkb;ksa ds vuqikr
%11 4 d.kZ vkSj NksVh Hkqtkvksa dk ,d ;qXe dh yEckbZ lek
ds lkFk le:i gks rks mudh vk/kj f=kT;k] frjNh Å¡pkbZ vkfn rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs gSaA
 Similar if the hypotenuses and one pair of
Hkh 4 % 11 ds vuqikr esa gksxhA muds i`"Bh; {ks=kiQy vk/kj ds sides have length in the same ratio.
shorter
{ks=kiQy] ik'oZ i`"Bh; {ks=kiQy vkfn 16 % 121 ds vuqikrd.kZ esa vkSj NksVh Hkqtkvksa ds ,d ;qXe dh yEckbZ
gksaxs vkSj muds vk;ru 64 % 1331 ds vuqikr esa gksaxsA vuqikr leku gks rks f=kHkqt le:i gksrs gSaA

[2]
 A Q A Q

R
R
B C P B C P
X

ABC  PQR
Y AAS Test
If we check two angles and a corresponding
Z
non-included side of two triangles, then the tri-
ABC  PQR ~ XYZ
angles are
SAS Test
dks.k&dks.k&Hkqtk tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksa ds n
If we check two sides and the included angle
of two triangles, then the triangles are vkSj muesa v'kkfey laxr Hkqtk dh tk¡p djsa rks

r
Hkqtk&dks.k&Hkqtk tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksa  dh nks if the two pairs of angles have
Congruent

si
Hkqtkvksa vkSj mlesa 'kkfey dks.k dh tk¡p djrs gSa rks the same measure and the sides are equal
 Congruent if the two pairs of sides are equal in length.
an by
in length and the included angle is equal.
dks.kksa ds nksuksa ;qXeksa dh eki leku vkSj v'kkfey
Hkqtkvksa ds nks ;qXe vkSj mlesa 'kkfey dks.k dh eki

n
Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ leku gks rks f=kHkqt lok±xle g
cjkcj gks rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs gSaA
ja
 Similar if the two pairs of sides have lengths
A
R s
in the same ratio and the included angle is Q
equal.
a th

Hkqtkvksa ds nks ;qXeksa dh yEckb;ksa dk vuqikr leku gks

R
vkSj mlesa 'kkfey dks.k cjkcj gks rks f=kHkqt le:i gksrs gSaA
A Q B C
ty a

P
di M

R ABC  PQR

B C
AA Test
P
X If we check the angles of two triangles, then
the triangles are
dks.k&dks.k tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksa ds dks.kksa
Y
djsa rks]
Z  Similar if two pairs of angles are the same.
ABC  PQR ~ XYZ
dks.kksa ds nks ;qXe leku gks rks f=kHkqt le:i gksrs g
ASA Test
A

If we check two angles and the included side A X

of two triangles, then the triangles are
dks.k&Hkqtk&dks.k tk¡p % ;fn ge nks f=kHkqtksa ds nks dks.k
vkSj mlesa 'kkfey Hkqtk dh tk¡p djsa rks
Y
 congruent if the two pairs of angle have the
same measure and the sides are equal in B C
length. Z
dks.kksa ds nksuksa ;qXeksa dh eki leku gks vkSj 'kkfey
Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ leku gks rks f=kHkqt lok±xle gksrs gSaA ABC  XYZ

[3]
 (a) ABC FED (b) ABC  DEF
Questions Based on Congruence
(c) ABC  EFD (d) ABC  DEF
Q1. What is the ASA congruence rule of Q4. In ABC and PQR, AB = PQ and B = Q.
triangles, where A and S represents angle The two triangles are congruent by SAS
and side of triangle respectively? criteria if:
f=kHkqtksa dk ,-,l-,
(ASA) lokZa
xlerk fu;e D;k gS]
ABC vkSjPQR esaAB = PQ vkSjB = Q gSA
rks
tgk¡ A vkSjS Øe'k% f=kHkqt ds dks.k vkSj Hkqtk dks
Hkqtk dks.k Hkqtk
(SAS) ekunaM ds vuqlkj nks f=kHkqt
fu:fir djrs gSa\
lokZaxle gSaA
SSC CGL 12/12/2022 (Shift- 03)
(a) Two triangles are said to be congruent SSC CGL 08/12/2022 (Shift- 02)
if all three sides of both the triangles (a) BC = QR (b) AC = PR
are equal.
nks f=kHkqt rc lokZaxle dgykrs gSa] ;fn nksuksa f=kHkqtksa
(c) AC = QR (d) BC = PQ
dh rhuksa Hkqtk,a cjkcj gksaA Q5. It is given that ABC  PQR, AB = 5 cm,
(b) Two triangles are said to be congruent B = 40°, and A = 80°. Which of the
if 2 angles and the included side of one following options is true?

r
triangle are equal to 2 angles and the
included side of the other triangle. fn;k x;k gS fd ABC  PQR, AB = 5 cm,

si
nks f=kHkqt rc lokZaxle dgykrs gSa] ;fn ,d B = 40°, vkSj A = 80° fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk
f=kHkqt ds 2 dks.k vkSj varxZr Hkqtk nwljs f=kHkqt
fodYi lgh gS\
an by
ds 2 dks.k vkSj varxZr Hkqtk ds cjkcj gksaA
SSC CGL TIER- II 07/03/2023

n
(c) Two triangles are said to be congruent
if 2 sides and the included angle of one (a) PQ = 5 cm and R = 60°
triangle are equal to 2 sides and the
ja
included angle of the other triangle. (b) QR = 5 cm and R = 60°
R s

nks f=kHkqt rc lokZaxle dgykrs gSa] ;fn ,d f=kHkqt

(c) QR = 5 cm and Q = 60°
dh 2 Hkqtk,a vkSj varxZr dks.k nwljs f=kHkqt dh
a th

(d) PQ = 5 cm and P = 60°

2 Hkqtkvksa vkSj varxZr dks.k ds cjkcj gksaA
(d) Two triangles are said to be congruent Q6. If ABC  PQR and ABC = (x + 60)º, PQR
if any pair of 2 angles and any 1 pair = (85 – 4x)º, and RPQ = (3x + 65)º, then
ty a

of sides of both the triangles are equal. the value of ABC in degree is:
nks f=kHkqt rc lokZaxle dgykrs gSa] ;fn nksuksa
;fn ABC  PQR gS vkSjABC = (x + 60)º,
f=kHkqtksa ds 2 dks.kksa dk dksbZ ;qXe vkSj Hkqtkvksa
di M

dk dksbZ 1 ;qXe cjkcj gksA PQR = (85 – 4x)º vkSjRPQ = (3x + 65)º gS]
Q2. In ABC and DEF, A = 55º, AB = DE, AC
rksABC dk eku va'k esa gSA
= DF, E = 85º and F = 40º. By which SSC CGL 13/12/2022 (Shift- 03)
property are ABC and DEF congruent?
(a) 15 (b) 5
ABC vkSjDEF esa]A = 55º, AB = DE, AC
= DF, E = 85º vkSjF = 40º gSA dkSu ls xq.k (c) 45 (d) 65
ds vuq:i ABC vkSjDEF lokZaxle gSaA Q7. For what angle D is ABC congruent to
SSC CGL 08/12/2022 (Shift- 02) DEF, given AC = 2.5 cm, BC = 5 cm, C =
(a) SAS property (b) ASA property 75°, DE = 2.5 cm and DF = 5 cm?
(c) RHS property (d) SSS property D ds fdl dks.k ds fy, ABC lokZxle gS] fn;k
A

Q3. If it is given that for two right angled x;k AC = 2.5 cm lseh BC = 5 cm, C = 75°,
triangles ABC and DFE, A = 25º, E = 25º, DE = 2.5 lseh vkSjDF = 5 cm lseh\
B = F = 90º and AC = ED, then which one
of the following is TRUE? SSC CHSL 01/06/2022 (Shift- 1)
;fn ;g fn;k x;k gS fd nks ledks.k f=kHkqtkas
ABC (a) 75°
vkSjDFE ds fy, A = 25º, E = 25º, B =
(b) 25°
F = 90º vkSjAC = ED gS] rks fuEUkfyf[kr esa ls
dkSu&lk fodYi lR; gS\ (c) 35°
SSC CGL 09/12/2022 (Shift- 03) (d) 90°

[4]
 A
BASIC PROPORTIONALITY THEOREM
(THALES THEOREM)
D M N O E
(a) A line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle
divides other two sides in the same ratio.
fdlh f=kHkqt ds ,d Hkqtk ds lekarj [khaph xbZ dksbZ js[kk
vU; nks Hkqtkvksa dks leku vuqikr esa foHkkftr djrh gSA B P Q R C
In ABC, AP, AQ and AR are the median, the
(b) If a line divides any two sides of a triangle
angle bisector and the altitude respectively
in the same ratio, the line must be parallel
and DE || BC, then
to the third side.
ABC esaAP, AQ vkSjAR Øe'k% ekfè;dk] dks.k
;fn dksbZ js[kk fdlh f=kHkqt dh fdUgha nks Hkqtkvksa dks vkSj 'kh"kZ yEc gSa
lef}Hkktd DEvkSj
|| BC gS]rks
leku vuqikr esa foHkkftr djrh gS rks og js[kk rhljh Hkqtk
AD AE AM AN AO
ds lekarj gksuh pkfg,A = = =
DB EC MP NQ OR
=

r
A Q8. If an a ABC, D and E are on the sides AB

si
and AC such that DE is parallel to BC and
D E AD 3
an by = . If AC = 4 cm, then AE is:
BD 5
;fn ABC esaD vkSjE Hkqtkvksa
AB vkSjAC ij bl

n
B C
AD 3
izdkj gS fdDE vkSjBC lekarj gS RkFkk =
In ABC,
ja
R s
BD 5
(c) If DE || BC, then
AD AE
= gSA ;fnAC = 4 lseh gS] rks
AE dk eku gSA
a th

DB EC (a) 1.5 cm (b) 1.8 cm

AD AE (c) 2.4 cm (d) 2.0 cm
(d) or if = , then DE || BC Q9. In ABC, D and E are points on the sides
DB EC
ty a

AB and AC, respectively. If ABC =EDA,

(e) Some of the results desired from this theo-
AD = 3 cm, EC = 3x cm, DB = 5 cm and AE
rem, we will use, are as follows :
= (2x – 1) cm, find the possible value of x.
di M

bl izes; ls fuEufyf[kr ifj.kke izkIr fd;s tk ldrs gSa] ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk
AB vkSjAC ij nks
ftUgsa ge iz;ksx djrs gSa % fcUnq gSaA
;fn ABC =EDA, AD = 3 lseh]EC =
AD AE 3x lseh]DB = 5 lseh vkSj
AE = (2x – 1) gS] rks
x
(i) =
BD EC dk laHko eku Kkr djsaA
AD AE DE (a) 2 (b) 3
(ii) = =
AB AC BC (c) 5 (d) 6
(iii) ADE  ABC Q10. In a triangle ABC, DE is parallel to BC, AD
2 2 2 = a, DB = a + 4, AE = 2a + 3, EC = 7a.
Ar(ΔADE)  AD   AE   DE  What is the value of 'a' if a > 0?
(iv) =  =   =  
Ar(ΔABC)  AB AC BC 
,d f=kHkqtABC esaDE, BC ds lekukarj gSA
A

(v) A line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle AD = a, DB = a + 4, AE = 2a + 3, EC = 7a

divides the median, the angle bisector and gSA ;fna > 0 gS rks
a dk eku D;k gksxk\
the altitude of the triangle in the same ra- SSC CGL 06/03/2020 (Shift- 03)
tio, in which ratio it divides the other two (a) 3 (b) 5
sides of the triangle.
(c) 6 (d) 4
fdlh f=kHkqt dh ,d Hkqtk ds lekarj [khaph xbZ dksbZ js[kk
Q11. In the given figure, AQ = 4 2 cm, QC =
f=kHkqt dh ekfè;dk] dks.k lef}Hkktd vkSj yEc dks mlh
vuqikr esa foHkkftr djrh gS ftl vuqikr esaa vU; nks 6 2 cm and AB = 20 cm. If PQ is parallel
to BC, then what is the value (in cm) of PB?
Hkqtkvksa dks foHkkftr djrh gSA

[5]
 fn;s x;s fp=k esa
AQ = 4 2 lseh]QC = 6 2
(c) DE || BC and DE =
BC
, then D and E are
lseh vkSjAB = 20 lseh gSA ;fn
PQ || BC gS] rks 2
the mid-points of AB and AC respectively. In
PB dk eku (lseh esa) gS % this case
A BC
;fn DE || BC vkSjDE = ] rksD vkSjE Øe'k%
2
AB vkSjAC ds eè; fcUnq gSaA bl fLFkfr esa

P Q AD AE DE 1
(i) = = =
AB AC BC 2

AD AE
B C (ii) = =1
DB EC
(a) 8 (b) 12
(c) 6 (d) 15 (iii) ADE  ABC

r
MID-POINT THEOREM Ar(ΔADE) 1
(iv) Ar(ΔABC) = 4

si
(a) (i) The line segment joining the mid-points
an by
of any two sides of a triangle is parallel Q12. In ABC, D and E are mid-points of AB and
to the third side and is half of the third AC respectively. If DE = 6 cm, find the BC

n
side. – DE.

fdlh f=kHkqt dh fdUgha nks Hkqtkvksa ds eè; fcUnqvksa

ABCdksesaD vkSjE Øe'k%AB vkSjAC ds eè; fcUnq
ja
feykus okyk js[kk[kaM rhljh Hkqtk ds lekarj vkSjgSaA ;fn DE = 6 lseh gS rks
BC – DE dk eku Kkr
R s

rhljh Hkqtk dk vk/k gksrk gSA djsaA

a th

(ii) A line drawn parallel to the one side of a (a) 2 cm (b) 6 cm

triangle and the length of the line is half (c) 3 cm (d) 4 cm
of that of the side, the line will pass
ty a

Q13. D and E are mid-points of the sides AB and

through the mid-points of the other two
AC of ABC respectively. If area of ADE is
sides.
di M

8 cm2, the area of ABC is :

fdlh f=kHkqt dh ,d Hkqtk ds lekarj [khaph xbZ dksbZ D vkSjE Øe'k%ABC dh Hkqtkvksa
AB vkSjAC ds
js[kk vkSj js[kk dh yackbZ Hkqtk ls vk/h gks rks js[kkeè;
vU;fcUnq gSaA ADE
;fn dk {ks=kiQy
8 oxZ lseh gS
nks Hkqtkvksa ds eè; fcUnqvksa ls gksdj xqtjsxhA
rksABC dk {ks=kiQy gS %
A (a) 16 cm2 (b) 32 cm2
(c) 24 cm2 (d) 64 cm2
Q14. In a triangle XYZ, L and M are mid points
D E of XY and XZ. R is a point on side LM such
that LR : RM = 1 : 2. If LR = 3 cm then the
value of YZ is equal to :
A

B C f=kHkqt
XYZ esaL vkSjM Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
XY rFkkXZ
ds eè; fcUnq gSaA
R, [kaMLM ij fLFkr ,d fcUnq gS tks
(b) If D and E are mid-points of AB and AC,
respectively, then
bl izdkj gS fd LR : RM = 1 : 2 gSA ;fnLR = 3
lseh gS] rks
YZ dk eku fdlds cjkcj gksxk\
;f n D vkSjE Øe'k% js[kk
AB vkSjAC ds eè; fcUnq gksa] rks SSC CHSL 12/10/2020 (Shift - 01)
(a) 18 cm (b) 19 cm
BC
DE || BC and DE = (c) 16 cm (d) 17 cm
2

[6]
 SPOTTING THE SIMILARITY ;g ,slh le> gS ftl ij cgqr lkjh vo/kj.kk,¡ vk/kfjr
gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij bldk iz;ksx ewyHkwr vkuqikfrdrk iz
le:irk dh igpku vkSj eè;&fcUnq izes; dks fl¼ djus esa djrs gSa rFkk blh ds iz;k
ls] tc fdlh leyEc prqHkqZt ds fod.kZ [khaprs gSa rks lekarj
Being able to spot Similarity (and
Congruence) is of paramount importance to the js[kkvksa ds :i esa muds vk/kj okys nks f=kHkqt le:i gSaA
visualisation of problems in Geometry; in my Altitude to a hypotenuse : Another very use-
experience Similirity stands next only to Right- ful similarity-based result is that when we drop a
Angled triangle in its usefulness as a concept. perpendicular to the hypotenuse of a right angle
And a key to recognising similarity is spotting triangle from the opposite vertex, the two tri-
equal angles. Let me demonstrate through some angles formed are similar
typical cases. to each other and to the original triangle.
T;kfefr esa iz'uksa ds izR;ks{kdj.k ds fy, le:irk ds d.kZ ij Mkyk x;k yEc % le:irk ij vk/kfjr ,d vkSj
iz;ksx dh igpku esa l{ke gksuk lcls egRoiw.kZ gSA esjs vuqHko ifj.kke gS fd tc ge fdlh ledks.k f=kHkqt ds
egRoiw.kZ
ds vk/kj ij vo/kj.kk ds :i esa le:irk dh mi;ksfxrk foijhr 'kh"kZ ls d.kZ ij yEc Mkyrs gSa rks fufeZr nks f=k
ledks.k f=kHkqt dh mi;ksfxrk ds ftruh gh gSA le:irk ,d&nwljs
dh ds vkSj ewy f=kHkqt ds le:i gksrs gSaA
igpku ds fy, lcls egRoiw.kZ leku dks.kksa dk igpku djuk

r
A
gSA bldks dqN fo'ks"k fLFkfr;ksa ds ekè;e ls le>rs gSaA

si
Parallel lines : The moment one sees two D
parallel lines, one should immediately look out
an by
for the possibility of similar triangles. This is
because parallel lines and transversals centre

n
equal angles galore
lekarj js[kk % tSls gh lekarj js[kk,¡ fn[ks] gesa rqjar gh
ja
le:i f=kHkqtksa dh laHkkouk dh ryk'k izkjaHk dj nsuh pkfg, B C
R s
In the adjoining figure, for example, ABC
D;ksafd lekarj vkSj vuqizLFk js[kk,¡ cjkcj dks.k cgqrk;r is la[;k
a right angled at B. BD is dropped perpendicu-
a th

esa cukrh gSA lar to AC. Then we can see that if we compare
In both the situation alongside, AB and CD ABC and ADB, they both have a common angle
are parallel lines. Immediately we should (A) and a right angle and thus are similar. Also if
recognise that AOB and COD are similar as two we compare ABC with BDC, they both have a
ty a

pairs of angles are the same in each case. common angle (C) and a right angle and thus are
uhps nh xbZ nksuksa gh fLFkfr;ksa
AB vkSjCD esa
lekarj js[kk,¡ similar. So all three triangles (ABC, ADB and
di M

gSa fd BDC) are similar.

gSa] ns[krs gh ge ;g igpku djus esa l{ke gks tkrsAOB
vkSjCOD le:i gSa D;ksafd dks.kksa ds nks ;qXe izR;sd fLFkfr uhps fn;s x;s fp=k esa] mnkgj.k dsABC
fy, 'kh"kZ B ij
esa leku gSA ledks.k gSA yEc
BD dks AC ij Mkyk x;k gS rks ge ;g ns[krs
A B gSa fd ;fn geABC vkSjADB dh rqyuk djs rks nksuksa dk ,d
mHk;fu"B dks.k (A) vkSj ,d mHk;fu"B ledks.k gS] bl izdkj
O nksuksa le:i gSA blh izdkj ;fn ABC
ge dh BDC ds lkFk
rqyuk djs rks nksuksa dk ,d mHk;fu"B(C)dks.k
vkSj ,d mHk;fu"B
D C ledks.k gSA blhfy, ;g nksuksa Hkh le:i gSaA blfy, lHkh rhu
f=kHkqt (
ABC, ADB vkSjBDC) le:i gSaA
C A Properties of Similar triangles
O
A

B
le:i f=kHkqt ds xq.k
If ABC and PQR are similar, then
D
;fn ABC vkSjPQR le:i gksa] rks
This is an idea underlying a lot of proofs –
P
for example we used this in providing the basic A
Proportionality and Mid-point Theorems, as well
b r q
as in showing that when the diagonals of a c
trapezium are drawn, the two triangles formed
having their base as the parallel sides are similar. B a C Q p R

[7]
 a b c (a) 2 : 6 (b) 3 : 4
(i) = = (c) 5 : 4 (d) 5 : 6
p q r
(ii) Ratio of corresponding sides Q18. Two triangles ABC and DEF are similar. If
AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm and DE = 9 cm, find EF.
laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr
= Ratio of perimeter/ifjeki dk vuqikr nks f=kHkqt
ABC vkSj DEF le:i gSaA ;fn AB =
6 cm, BC = 8 cm vkSj DE = 9 cm gS] rksEF
= Ratio of semi-perimeter(s)/v¼Z&ifjeki dk
Kkr dhft,A
vuqikr
= Ratio of corresponding medians/ laxr SSC CHSL 07/06/2022 (Shift 01)
ekfè;dkvksa dk vuqikr (a) 12 cm (b) 9 cm
= Ratio of inradius/vUr%f=kT;k dk vuqikr (c) 10 cm (d) 8 cm
= ratio of circumradius/cká f=kT;k dk vuqikr Q19. In ABC, AB = 20 cm, BC = 7 cm and
(iii) Ratio of area = (Ratio of corresponding CA = 15 cm. Side BC is produced to D such
sides)2 that DAB ~ DCA. DC is equal to:
{ks=kiQy dk vuqikr
= (laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr)
2
ABC esa, AB = 20 lseh, BC = 7 lseh vkSjCA =

r
15 lseh gSA Hkqtk
BC dks fcanq
D rd bl rjg c<+k;k
Questions Based on Similarity

si
tkrk gS fd DAB ~ DCA gSA DC dk eki crkb,A
SSC CGL MAINS (03/02/2022)
Q15.
an by
In ABC and DEF, we have
AB BC AC
  ,
DF DE EF (a) 9 cm (b) 8 cm
then which of the following is true?

n
(c) 10 cm (d) 7 cm
AB BC AC
ABC vkSjDEF esa   gSA fuEu esaQ20.
ls In ABC, D and E are the points on sides
ja DF DE EF AB and AC, respectively such that ADE =
R s

dkSu&lk dFku lR; gS\ B. If AD = 7 cm, BD = 5 cm and BC = 9 cm,

a th

SSC CGL 24/08/2021 (Shift-02) then DE (in cm) is equal to :

(a) DEF ~ BCA ABC esa Øe'k% Hkqtk
AB vkSjAC ij fcUnq
D vkSjE
(b) BCA ~ DEF
bl izdkj gS fd ADE = B gSA ;fnAD = 7 lseh]
(c) CAB ~ DEF
BD = 5 lseh vkSjBC = 9 lseh gS] rks
DE dk eku
ty a

(d) DEF ~ BAC

Q16. If the corresponding angles of two triangles
(lseh esa) Kkr djsaA
di M

SSC CGL 13/08/2021 (Shift-02)

PX ZX PZ
are equal and satisfy   , then: (a) 6.75 (b) 10
ER RF EF
(c) 5.25
;fn nks f=kHkqtksa ds laxr dks.k cjkcj gksa vkSj (d) 7
Q21. In ABC, D and E are the points on the side
PX ZX PZ
  dk lek/ku djrs gks] rks% AC and AB respectively such that ADE = B.
ER RF EF If AE = 8 cm, CD = 3 cm, DE = 6 cm and BC
SSC CHSL 06/06/2022 (Shift 02) = 9 cm, then AD is equal to :
(a) PXZ is similar to EFR ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk AC vkSjAB ij fLFkfr
(b) PXZ is similar to ERF fcUnq gSa tks bl izdkj gS fd = B gSA ;fn
ADE AE
(c) XPZ is similar to ERF
= 8 lseh]CD = 3 lseh]DE = lseh vkSjBC = 9 lseh
A

(d) PXZ is similar to REF

gS] rks
AD dk eku fdlds cjkcj gS\
Q17. Inside a triangle ABC, a straight line
parallel to BC intersects AB and AC at the SSC CHSL 03/07/2019 (Shift- 01)
points P and Q, respectively. If AB = 6PB, (a) 8 cm (b) 6 cm
then PQ : BC is ________ . (c) 9 cm (d) 7.5 cm
,d f=kHkqtABC esa]BC ds lekrj ,d lh/h js[kk Q22. In ADC, E and B are the points on the
AB vkSj AC dks Øe'k% fcanq P vkSjQ ij izfrPNsn sides AD and AC respectively such that
djrh gSA ;fnAB = 6PB gS rksPQ : BC Kkr dhft,A ABE = ADC. If AE = 6 cm, BC = 2 cm, BE
SSC CHSL 24/05/2022 (Shift- 2) = 3 cm and CD = 5 cm, then (AB + DE) is :

[8]
 ADC esaE vkSjB Øe'k% Hkqtk
AD vkSjAC ij fLFkr f=kHkqtABC esa D Hkqtk
BC ij fLFkr ,d fcUnq gS tks
,sls fcUnq gSaABE
fd = ADC gSA ;fn AE = 6 bl i zd kj gSfd ADC = BAC gSA ;fn CA = 12
lseh]BC = 2 lseh]BE = 3 lseh vkSjCD = 5 lseh gS lseh vkSjCB = 8 lseh gS] rks
CD dk eku fdlds cjkcj
rks(AB + DE) dk eku Kkr djsaA gksxk\
SSC CGL 10/06/2019 (Shift- 01) SSC CGL Tier-II (11//09/2019)
(a) 14 cm (b) 16 cm (a) 12 cm (b) 15 cm
(c) 18 cm (d) 16 cm
49 46
(c) cm (d) cm Q27. In ABC, AC = 8.4 cm, BC = 14 cm. P is a
3 3
point on AB such that CP = 11.2 cm and ACP
Q23. In PQR, Q = 85º and R = 65º. Points S = B. What is the length (in cm) of BP?
and T are on the sides PQ and PR
respectively such that STR = 95º, then
f=kHkqt
ABC esaAC = 8.4 lseh]BC = 14 lseh gSAP, AB
the ratio of QR and ST is 9 : 5. If PQ = 21.6 ij fLFkr ,d ,slk fcUnq gS fdCP = 11.2 lseh vkSj
cm, then the length of PT is : ACP = B gSA BP dh yackbZ (lseh esa) fdruh gS\
f=kHkqt
PQR esa
Q = 85º vkSjR = 65º gSA fcUnq
S SSC CGL 04/03/2020 (Shift- 03)

r
rFkkT Øe'k% Hkqtk
PQ vkSjPR ij bl rjg fLFkr gSa (a) 4.12 (b) 2.8

si
fd STR = 95º gSA QR rFkkST dk vuqikr (c) 3.78 (d) 3.6
9 : 5 gSA ;fn
PQ = 21.6 lseh gS] rks
PT dh yackbZQ28.
an by In ABC, D and E are the points on sides AB
Kkr djsaA and AC, respectively, such that DE||BC. If

n
SSC CGL 04/03/2020 (Shift- 02) AD = x, DB = x – 2, AE = x + 2, and EC = x – 1,
(a) 10.5 cm (b) 9.6 cm then AB + EC is equal to (all measurements
ja
R s
(c) 12 cm (d) 9 cm in cm ):
Q24. In ABC, B = 87° and C = 60°. Points D and ABC esa
, D vkSjE Øe'k%AB vkSjAC Hkqtkvksa ij
a th

E are on the sides AB and AC, respectively, fcanq ds :i esa bl izdkj gSa DE||BC
fd gSA ;fnAD
such that DEC = 93° and DE : BC = 5 : 9. If = x, DB = x – 2, AE = x + 2 vkSjEC = x – 1, gS]
AB = 14.4 cm, then the length of AE is: rksAB + EC fdlds cjkcj gSA (lHkh eki lseh esa gS)
ty a

ABC esa , B = 87° vkSjC = 60° gSA fcanq

D rFkk SSC PHASE IX 2022
E Øe'k% HkqtkvksaAB rFkkAC ij bl izdkj gS fd
di M

(a) 9 (b) 10
DEC = 93° rFkkDE : BC = 5 : 9 gSA AB = 14.4
(c) 12 (d) 8
lseh- gS rks
AE fd yEckbZ gSA
Q29. Let D and E be two points on the side BC
SSC PHASE IX 2022 of ABC such that AD = AE and BAD =
(a) 7.2 cm (b) 9 cm EAC. If AB = (3x +1) cm, BD = 9 cm, AC =
34 cm and EC = (y + 1) cm, then the value
(c) 8 cm (d) 8.4 cm
of (x + y) is :
Q25. In ABC, D is point on side BC such that
ADC = BAC. If CA = 12 cm, CD = 8 cm,
ABC esaD vkSjE Hkqtk BC ij nks fcUnq bl izdkj gS
then CB (in cm) = ? fd AD = AE vkSjBAD = EAC. ;fn AB =
(3x +1) lseh]BD = 9 lseh]AC = 34 lseh vkSj EC
ABC esa] HkqtkBC ij D ,d ,slk fcanq gS fd
= (y + 1) lseh gS] rks
(x + y) dk eku gS %
A

ADC = BAC gSA ;fn CA = 12 cm, CD = 8 cm

rksCB (lseh- esa
) dk eki crkb,A SSC CGL 2019 Tier-II (16/11/2020)

SSC CGL 13/04/2022 (Shift- 01) (a) 17 (b) 20

(a) 18 (b) 12 (c) 19 (d) 16

Q30. In a triangle ABC, point D lies on AB, and
(c) 15 (d) 10
points E and F lies on BC such that DF is
Q26. In ABC, D is a points on side BC such that parallel to AC and DE is parallel to AF. If
ADC = BAC. If CA = 12 cm and BE = 4 cm, CF = 3 cm, then find the length
CB = 8 cm then CD is equal to : (in cm) of EF.

[9]
 f=kHkqt
ABC esa] fcUnq D, AB ij fLFkr gS rFkk
E vkSj XYZ vkSjPQR le:i gSaAXY : PQ = 6 : 1 gSA
PQR
F, BC ij bl izdkj fLFkr gS fd DF, AC ds lekarj
dk {ks=kiQy
6 cm2 gSA
XYZ dk {ks=kiQy D;k gS\
gSa vkSj
DE, AF ds lekarj gSaA;fn BE = 4 lseh vkSj
CF = 3 gS] rksEF dh yackbZ (lseh esa) Kkr djsaA SSC CHSL TIER II 26/06/2023

SSC CGL 16/08/2021 (Shift - 02) (a) 216 cm² (b) 261 cm²
(a) 3 (b) 1.5 (c) 36 cm² (d) 6 cm²
(c) 5 (d) 2 Q36. If the areas of two similar triangles are in
Q31. In a triangle ABC, a point D lies on AB and the ratio 196 : 625, what would be the ratio
points E and F lie on BC such that DF is of the corresponding sides?
parallel to AC and DE is parallel to AF. If
;fn nks le:i f=kHkqtksa ds {ks=kiQyksa dk vuqikr 19
BE = 4 cm, EF = 6 cm, then find the length
(in cm) of BC. 625 gS] rks laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr D;k gksxk\
f=kHkqt
ABC esa] fcUnq
D, AB ij rFkk fcUnq E vkSjF SSC CGL TIER- II 03/03/2023
bl izdkj BC ij fLFkr gS fdDF, AC ds lekukarj gSa (a) 14 : 25 (b) 13 : 20
vkSjDE, AF ds lekukarj gSAABE ;fn = 4 lseh vkSj

r
(c) 14 : 20 (d) 13 : 25
EF = 6 lseh gS] rks
BC dh yackbZ (lseh esa) Kkr djsaA
Q37. Triangle BAC is similar to triangle PQR. The

si
SSC CGL 17/08/2021 (Shift- 01) area of triangle BAC and triangle PQR is 25
cm² and 36 cm² respectively. If BA =4 cm,
(a) 25
an by (b) 30
then what is the length of PQ?
(c) 15 (d) 20
f=kHkqt
BAC, f=kHkqt
PQR ds le:i gSA f=kHkqt
BAC rFkk

n
Q32. If ABC is similar to DEF such that
A = 47º and E = 63º, then C is equal to : f=kHkqt
PQR dk {ks=kiQy Øe'k%
25 cm² rFkk36 cm² gSA
;fn BA = 4 cm gS] rks
PQ dh yEckbZ fdruh gS\
ja
;fn ABC, DEF ds bl izdkj le:i gSa fd A
R s

= 47º vkSjE = 63º gS] rks

C cjkcj gS % SSC CGL MAINS (08/08/2022)
a th

(a) 4.8 cm (b) 5.8 cm

(a) 40º (b) 70º
(c) 5 cm (d) 4.2 cm
(c) 65º (d) 37º Q38. The areas of two similar triangles ABC and
Q33. In ABC, AD  BC and BE  AC, AD and BE PQR are 64 cm2 and 144cm2, resectively.
ty a

intersect each other at F. If BF = AC, then If the greatest side of the smaller ABC
the measure of ABC is : is 24 cm, then what is the greatest side
di M

f=kHkqt
ABC esa
AD  BC rFkkBE  AC gSA AD vkSj of the bigger PQR?
BE ,d&nwljs dksF ij dkVrs gSaA ;fn
BF = AC gS] nks le:i f=kHkqtksa
ABC vkSjPQR ds {ks=kiQy Øe'k%
rksABC dk eki D;k gksxk\ 64 lseh vkSj 144 lseh
2 2
gSA ;fnABC dh lcls
cM+h Hkqtk 24 lseh gS] rksPQRc`gÙkjdh lcls
SSC CGL 04/06/2019 (Shift- 01)
cM+h Hkqtk dk eku Kkr dhft,A
(a) 45º (b) 60º
SSC CPO 09/11/2022 (Shift-02)
(c) 70º (d) 50º
(a) 32 cm (b) 24 cm
Q34. In ABC, AB = BC and ACB = 50º. D is a
point on AC such that AD = BD. E is a point (c) 42 cm (d) 36 cm
on BD such that BE = CD. Find EAD. Q39. In ABC, D and E are the points on AB and
ABC esa AB = BC vkSjACB = 50º gSA D, Hkqtk BC respectively such that DE || AC and AD
A

: AB = 3 : 8, then (area of BDE) : (area of

AC ij dksbZ fcUnq bl izdkj gS ADfd = BD gSAE
quadrilatera DECA) = ?
HkqtkBD ij dksbZ fcUnq bl izdkj gSBE
fd = CD gSA
f=kHkqt
ABC esa D vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk
AB vkSjAC ij
EAD dk eku Kkr djsaA
fLFkr ,sls fcUnq gSa
DEfd|| BC gS rFkk
AD : AB =
(a) 30º (b) 20º 3 : 8 gS] rksBDE
( dk {ks=kiQy) % (prqHkqZt
DECA
(c) 50º (d) 25º dk {ks=kiQy) Kkr djsaA
Q35. XYZ and PQR are similar. XY : PQ = 6 : 1. SSC CGL Tier-II (13/09/2019)
The area of PQR is 6 cm2. What is the area (a) 9 : 55 (b) 9 : 64
of XYZ? (c) 8 : 13 (d) 25 : 39

[ 10 ]
Q40. In ABC, MN||BC, the area of quadrilateral (a) 4, 2.5 (b) 3, 4
MBCN = 130 cm2. If AN : NC = 4 : 5, then
the area of MAN is : (c) 4, 3 (d) 2.5, 4
f=kHkqt
ABC esa MN||BC gS rFkk prqHkqZt
MBCN dk Q44. ABC is a triangle, AD is a median of ABC,
{ks=kiQy
130 oxZ lseh gSA AN
;fn : NC = 4 : 5 gS] rks F is a point on side AC, BF meets AD at E
f=kHkqt
MAN dk {ks=kiQy Kkr djsaA and E is mid point of AD find AF : FC.
A ABC ,d f=kHkqt gSA
AD, ABC dh ekfè;dk gS] Hkqtk
AC ij F dksbZ fcUnq
, BFgS
Hkqtk
AD ls E ij feyrk
gS vkSj
E Hkqtk
AD dk eè; fcUnq gSA
AF : FC dk
M N eku Kkr djsaA
(a) 1 : 3 (b) 1 : 2
B C (c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 1
SSC CGL 03/03/2020 (Shift- 01) Q45. AD is perpendicular to the internal bisector
(a) 40 cm2 (b) 45 cm2 of ABC of ABC. DE is drawn through D
2
(c) 65 cm (d) 32 cm2 and parallel to BC to meet AC at E. If the

r
Q41. In ABC, D and E are the points on the side length of AC is 12 cm, then the length of
AB and BC respectively, such that AD : DB AE (in cm) is :

si
= 2 : 3 and DE || AC. If the area of ADE is
equal to 18 square cm, then what is the AD, ABC ds dks.kABC ds vkarfjd lef}Hkktd
an by
area (in square cm) of ABC ? ij yEc gSAD ls gksdj js[kk
DE [khaph xbZ gSBC tks
fdlh ABC esaD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtk AB vkSjBC ij ds lekarj vkSjAC dks fcUnq
E ij feyrh gSA ;fnAC

n
fLFkr fcUnq gSa tks bl izdkjAD
gSa: fd
DB = 2 : 3 vkSj dh yackbZ12 lseh gks rks
AE dh yackbZ (lseh esa) gS %
DE || AC gSA ;fn ADE dk {ks=kiQy 18 oxZ lseh ds
ja
cjkcj gS rksABC dk {ks=kiQy (oxZ lseh esa) Kkr djsaA
(a) 3 (b) 6
R s

(c) 8 (d) 4
SSC CHSL 03/07/2019 (Shift- 03)
a th

(a) 40.5 (b) 75 Q46. O is a point in the interior of PQR such

(c) 54 (d) 45 POQ = QOR = ROP, PQR = 60° and OP
Q42. In  ABC, D and E are points on the sides = 16 cm and OR = 12 cm. What is the length
of OQ (in cm)?
ty a

BC and AB, respectively, such that  ACB

=  DEB. If AB = 12 cm, BE = 5 cm and BD : O, PQR ds vH;arj esa ,d fcanq gS tSlsPOQ =
di M

CD = 1:2, then BC is equal to: QOR = ROP, PQR = 60° vkSjOP ¾ 16 lseh
 ABC esa] fcanqD vkSjE Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
BC vkSj vkSjQR ¾ 12 lsehAOQ dh yackbZ (lseh esa) D;k gS\
AB ij bl çdkj fLFkr gSa] fd  ACB =  DEB gSA CRPF HCM 22/02/2023 (Shift - 02)
;fn AB = 12 cm, BE = 5 cm vkSjBD : CD =
(a) 83 (b) 86
1:2 gS] rks
BC dh yackbZ crkb,A
SSC CGL MAINS (03/02/2022) (c) 66 (d) 93
(a) 8 3 cm (b) 5 5 cm Q47. In PQR, PQ = QR and O is an interior point
of PQR such that OPR = ORP.
(c) 6 5 cm (d) 6 3 cm
Q43. In ACD, B and E are two points on side AC PQR esa]
PQ = QR gS vkSj
PQR esaO bl çdkj
and AD respectively, such that BE is parallel ls ,d var% fcanq gS fd
OPR = ORP gSA
A

to CD. CD = 9 cm, BE = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm and

ED = 2 cm. What are the measures of the Consider the following statements:
length (in cm) of AE and BC? fuEufyf•r dFkuksa ij fopkj dhft,%
ACD esa , Øe'k% HkqtkAC vkSjAD ij nks fcanq
B
vkSjE bl izdkj gSa fdBE, CD ds lekukarj gSA
CD (i) POR is an isosceles triangle.
= 9 cm, BE = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm vkSjED = 2 cm POR ,d lef}ckgq f=kHkqt gSA
gSA Øe'k% AE vkSjBC dh yackbZ dk eki (lseh esa)
(ii) O is the centroid of PQR.
Kkr djsaA
SSC CGL 11/04/2022 (Shift- 03) O fcanqPQR dk dsUæd gSA

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 (iii)PQO is congruent to RQO. (a) 3 : 4 (b) 5 : 2
(c) 3 : 5 (d) 3 : 2
PQO] RQO ds lokZaxle gSA
Q52. In ABC, E is mid-point of BC while F is mid
Which of the above statements are
point of AE and BF meets AC at D as shown.
correct?
If area of ABC = 48, find area of AFD.
mijksÙkQ dFkuksa esa ls dkSu ls dFku lgh gSa\ ABC esaE, BC dk eè;&fcUnq_
F, AE dk eè; fcUnq
SSC CGL TIER - II 02/03/2023
o BF, AC dks D ij feyrk gSA ;fn ABC dk
(a) Only (i) and (ii) (b) Only (i) and (iii) {ks=kiQy
= 48 gS] rks
AFD dk {ks=kiQy Kkr djsaA
(c) Only (ii) and (iii) (d) Only (ii)
Q48. In ABC, D and F are the middle points of
A
the sides AB and AC, respectively. E is a
point on the segment DF such that DE: EF
= 1 : 2. If DE = 4 cm, then BC is equal to:
ABC esa]D vkSjF Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa
AB vkSjAC ds eè;
D
F

r
fcanq gSaA
E •aMDF ij ,d fcanq bl çdkj gS fd DE : EF
¾ 1 % 2- ;fnDE ¾ 4 lseh] rksBC cjkcj gS%

si
B C
SSC PHASE XI 27/06/2023 (Shift-04)
an by E
(a) 20 cm (b) 26 cm
(c) 22 cm (d) 24 cm (a) 16

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Q49. In triangle ABC, P and Q are the mid points (b) 12
of AB and AC, respectively. R is a point on
ja
PQ such that PR : RQ = 3 : 5 and QR = 20 (c) 4
R s

cm, then what is the length (in cm) of BC? (d) 6

f=kHkqt
ABC esa P vkSjQ Øe'k%AB vkSjAC ds eè;
a th

Q53. D is a point on side BC of triangle ABC,

fcUnq gSaAPQ ;fnij dksbZ fcUnq
R bl izdkj fLFkr gS while E is a point on AD. Find the ratio AE
fd PR : RQ = 3 : 5 vkSjQR = 20 lseh gS] rks
BC : ED. If the area of triangle ABC is 150%
dh yackbZ (lseh esa) Kkr djsaA
ty a

greater than that of triangle AEC and CD

(a) 24 (b) 40 is twice BD.
di M

(c) 64 (d) 66.66

f=kHkqtABC esaD Hkqtk
BC ij dksbZ fcUnq gS tcfd
E
Q50. D and E are two points on the sides AC and
BC respectively of ABC such that DE = 18
Hkqtk AD ij dksbZ fcUnqAEgSA: ED dk eku Kkr
cm, CE = 5 cm and DEC = 90º. If tanABC dhft, ;fn f=kHkqt
ABC dk {ks=kiQy
AEC ds {ks=kiQy
= 3.6, then AC : CD = ls 150% vf/d gS vkSjCD HkqtkBD dk nksxquk gSA
D rFkkE ABC dh Hkqtkvksa Øe'k%
AC vkSjBC ij
nks fcUnq bl izdkj gSaDE
fd = 18 lseh]CE = 5
A
lseh vkSjDEC = 90º gSA ;fn
tanABC = 3.6 gS]
rksAC : CD cjkcj gSS %
(a) BC : 2CE (b) 2CE : BC
(c) 2BC : CE (d) CE : 2BC E
A

Q51. In triangle ABC, D is a point on the side BC

such that BD : DC = 3 : 2 and E is a point on B C
side AC such that CE : EA = 2 : 3. If BE D
intersects AD at O, then what is the AO : OD?
f=kHkqt
ABC esaD Hkqtk
BC ij ,d fcUnq bl izdkj gS (a) 1 : 1
fd BD : DC = 3 : 2 vkSjE HkqtkAC ij ,d fcUnq (b) 2 : 1
bl izdkj gS fd CE : EA = 2 : 3. ;fn HkqtkBE
(c) 4 : 3
Hkqtk AD dks O ij izfrPNsfnr djrh gks] rks
AO : OD dk eku gS % (d) 3 : 2

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Q54. In ABC, if E divides AE in the ratio 3 : 1 Q55. In ABC, D is the mid point of BC. E is a
and F divides BC in the ratio 3 : 2 then find point on AC and F is a point on AB. Given,
the ratio of the area of BEF and ABC. AE : EC = 2 : 1 and AF : FB = 3 : 1. Line
ABC esa ;fnE Hkqtk AE dks3 : 1 ds vuqikr esa segment AD and FE intersect at point O.
foHkkftr djrk gS vkSj
F, Hkqtk
BC dks3 : 2 ds vuqikr What is the ratio of the area of DOF to
esa foHkkftr djrk gS BEF
rks vkSjABC ds {ks=kiQyksa the area of DOE.
dk vuqikr Kkr djsaA ABC esaD js[kkBC dk eè;&fcUnq gSAE js[kk
AC ij
A vkSjF js[kkAB ij dksbZ fcUnqfn;k
gSAx;k gS fd AE
: EC = 2 : 1 vkSjAF : FB = 3 : 1. js[kk ;qXeAD
vkSjFE ,d&nwljs dksO ij izfrPNsfnr djrh gSA
DOF
vkSjDOE ds {ks=kiQy dk vuqikr gS %
E (a) 2 : 1
(b) 7 : 5
(c) 7 : 3

r
B C
F
(a) 1 : 9 (b) 9 : 4 (d) 9 : 8

si
(c) 4 : 9 an by (d) 3 : 20

n
ja Answer Key
R s
a th

1.(b) 2.(a) 3.(c) 4.(a) 5.(a) 6.(d) 7.(a) 8.(a) 9.(c) 10.(a)
11.(b) 12.(b) 13.(b) 14.(a) 15.(a) 16.(b) 17.(d) 18.(a) 19.(a) 20.(c)
ty a

21.(c) 22.(d) 23.(c) 24.(c) 25.(a) 26.(c) 27.(c) 28.(a) 29.(c) 30.(d)
31.(a) 32.(b) 33.(a) 34.(b) 35.(a) 36.(a) 37.(a) 38.(d) 39.(d) 40.(d)
di M

41.(b) 42.(c) 43.(d) 44.(b) 45.(b) 46.(b) 47.(b) 48.(d) 49.(c) 50.(a)
51.(b) 52.(c) 53.(d) 54.(d) 55.(d)
A

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